WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:03.779 Riyadh al-Salihin 00:00:03.779 --> 00:00:06.780 From the words of the Master of the Messengers 00:00:06.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:16.410 Chapter: Emphasizing the Obligation of Zakat and Explaining its Virtue 00:00:16.410 --> 00:00:18.410 And matters related to it 00:00:18.410 --> 00:00:22.879 Allah the Exalted said: 00:00:22.879 --> 00:00:25.879 "And establish prayer and give zakat." 00:00:25.879 --> 00:00:28.070 And He the Exalted said: 00:00:28.070 --> 00:00:31.070 “And they are ordered naught else than to serve Allah, keeping religion pure for Him, as men by nature upright, and to establish worship and to pay the poor-due. That is true religion.” (98:5) 00:00:31.070 --> 00:00:34.070 “And they are ordered naught else than to serve Allah, keeping religion pure for Him, as men by nature upright, and to establish worship and to pay the poor-due. That is true religion.” (98:5) 00:00:34.070 --> 00:00:37.070 “And they are ordered naught else than to serve Allah, keeping religion pure for Him, as men by nature upright, and to establish worship and to pay the poor-due. That is true religion.” (98:5) 00:00:37.070 --> 00:00:40.200 "And that is the upright religion." 00:00:40.200 --> 00:00:42.200 And He the Exalted said: 00:00:42.200 --> 00:00:45.200 “Take alms of their wealth, wherewith thou mayst purify them and mayst make them grow, and pray for them. Lo! thy prayer is an assuagement for them. Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (9:103) 00:00:45.200 --> 00:00:49.539 "And purify them by it." 00:00:49.539 --> 00:00:52.539 On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both: 00:00:52.539 --> 00:00:56.539 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:00:56.539 --> 00:00:59.539 "Islam is built upon five: 00:00:59.539 --> 00:01:02.539 Testifying that there is no god but Allah, 00:01:02.539 --> 00:01:05.540 And that Muhammad is His servant and messenger, 00:01:05.540 --> 00:01:07.540 Establishing prayer, 00:01:07.540 --> 00:01:09.540 Giving zakat, 00:01:09.540 --> 00:01:11.540 Pilgrimage to the House, 00:01:11.540 --> 00:01:13.540 And fasting Ramadan." 00:01:13.540 --> 00:01:16.120 Agreed upon. 00:01:16.120 --> 00:01:20.120 On the authority of Talhah Ibn ‘Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: 00:01:20.120 --> 00:01:24.150 A man came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:24.150 --> 00:01:26.150 From the people of Najd, 00:01:26.150 --> 00:01:28.150 With disheveled hair. 00:01:28.150 --> 00:01:32.150 We could hear the humming of his voice, but we could not understand what he was saying, 00:01:32.150 --> 00:01:36.150 Until he drew near to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:36.150 --> 00:01:39.150 Then, behold, he was asking about Islam. 00:01:39.150 --> 00:01:43.180 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:43.180 --> 00:01:47.180 "Five prayers during the day and night." 00:01:47.180 --> 00:01:50.280 He asked, "Do I have any others?" 00:01:50.280 --> 00:01:54.280 He replied, "No, unless you offer them voluntarily." 00:01:54.280 --> 00:01:58.280 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:58.280 --> 00:02:01.280 "And fasting the month of Ramadan." 00:02:01.280 --> 00:02:04.280 He asked, "Do I have any others?" 00:02:04.280 --> 00:02:08.280 He replied, "No, unless you offer them voluntarily." 00:02:08.280 --> 00:02:14.340 He said: And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, mentioned zakat to him. 00:02:14.340 --> 00:02:17.340 He asked, "Do I have any others?" 00:02:17.340 --> 00:02:21.340 He replied, "No, unless you offer them voluntarily." 00:02:21.340 --> 00:02:24.340 The man turned away, saying: 00:02:24.340 --> 00:02:29.340 "By Allah, I will neither add to this nor diminish from it." 00:02:29.340 --> 00:02:33.439 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:02:33.439 --> 00:02:35.439 "He has succeeded if he is truthful." 00:02:35.439 --> 00:02:37.699 Agreed upon. 00:02:37.699 --> 00:02:41.099 "Disheveled hair" 00:02:41.099 --> 00:02:44.099 Meaning: his hair was unkempt and scattered. 00:02:44.099 --> 00:02:46.259 "We hear the humming of his voice" 00:02:46.259 --> 00:02:50.259 Meaning: a loud, repetitive sound that is unintelligible. 00:02:50.259 --> 00:02:54.259 This is because he was calling out from a distance. 00:02:54.259 --> 00:02:57.000 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:57.000 --> 00:03:00.159 An illustration of the roughness of the Bedouins. 00:03:00.159 --> 00:03:04.740 It is incumbent upon everyone whom Islam has reached and who has entered it 00:03:04.740 --> 00:03:06.740 To know its rulings, 00:03:06.740 --> 00:03:12.740 And to traverse deserts to seek understanding of his religion, even if he is a Bedouin. 00:03:12.740 --> 00:03:18.699 The obligatory prayers are five during the day and night. 00:03:18.699 --> 00:03:20.699 An explanation of the virtue of voluntary acts. 00:03:20.699 --> 00:03:25.699 It contains an indication that it acts as a fence for the obligatory acts and compensates for their deficiencies. 00:03:25.699 --> 00:03:31.080 Authentic and explicit hadiths have indicated this. 00:03:31.080 --> 00:03:35.080 The obligatory fast is the fasting of the month of Ramadan. 00:03:35.080 --> 00:03:38.400 Encouragement to perform voluntary fasting. 00:03:38.400 --> 00:03:42.750 Zakat is one of the rites and pillars of Islam. 00:03:42.750 --> 00:03:48.259 One who adheres to the obligatory acts is successful if he is truthful in his faith and seeks reward. 00:03:48.259 --> 00:03:51.259 Even if he does not perform the voluntary acts. 00:03:51.259 --> 00:03:56.740 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did not mention the two testimonies, 00:03:56.740 --> 00:03:59.740 Because he knew that he already knew them, 00:03:59.740 --> 00:04:02.740 Or because he was asking about the practical rites. 00:04:02.740 --> 00:04:05.319 He did not mention the Hajj, 00:04:05.319 --> 00:04:08.319 Either because it was not yet obligatory, 00:04:08.319 --> 00:04:11.319 Or because the narrator summarized it. 00:04:11.319 --> 00:04:16.410 On the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both: 00:04:16.410 --> 00:04:19.410 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:04:19.410 --> 00:04:22.410 Sent Mu‘adh, may Allah be pleased with him, to Yemen, 00:04:22.410 --> 00:04:24.410 And said: 00:04:24.410 --> 00:04:28.410 "Invite them to testify that there is no god but Allah, 00:04:28.410 --> 00:04:30.410 And that I am the Messenger of Allah. 00:04:30.410 --> 00:04:33.470 If they obey you in that, 00:04:33.470 --> 00:04:36.470 Then inform them that Allah the Exalted has obligated upon them 00:04:36.470 --> 00:04:40.470 Five prayers in every day and night. 00:04:40.470 --> 00:04:43.600 If they obey you in that, 00:04:43.600 --> 00:04:47.600 Then inform them that Allah has obligated upon them a charity (zakat) 00:04:47.600 --> 00:04:49.600 To be taken from their wealthy, 00:04:49.600 --> 00:04:52.600 And returned to their poor." 00:04:52.600 --> 00:04:54.730 Agreed upon. 00:04:54.730 --> 00:04:58.180 On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:04:58.180 --> 00:04:59.180 He said: 00:04:59.180 --> 00:05:02.180 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:05:02.180 --> 00:05:05.180 "I have been commanded to fight the people 00:05:05.180 --> 00:05:09.180 Until they testify that there is no god but Allah, 00:05:09.180 --> 00:05:12.180 And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, 00:05:12.180 --> 00:05:15.180 “And they are ordered naught else than to serve Allah, keeping religion pure for Him, as men by nature upright, and to establish worship and to pay the poor-due. That is true religion.” (98:5) 00:05:15.180 --> 00:05:17.209 If they do that, 00:05:17.209 --> 00:05:21.209 They have protected their blood and wealth from me, 00:05:21.209 --> 00:05:23.209 Except by the right of Islam, 00:05:23.209 --> 00:05:26.209 And their reckoning is with Allah." 00:05:26.209 --> 00:05:28.399 Agreed upon. 00:05:28.399 --> 00:05:32.720 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: 00:05:32.720 --> 00:05:36.720 When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away, 00:05:36.720 --> 00:05:39.720 And Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, became (Caliph), 00:05:39.720 --> 00:05:42.720 And those who disbelieved among the Arabs disbelieved, 00:05:42.720 --> 00:05:45.720 ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:05:45.720 --> 00:05:47.720 "How can you fight the people, 00:05:47.720 --> 00:05:51.720 When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:05:51.720 --> 00:05:53.720 'I have been commanded to fight the people'?" 00:05:53.720 --> 00:06:09.930 [He continued:] "The people, until they say 'There is no god but Allah.' Whoever says it has protected his wealth, his soul, and his self from me, except by its right, and his reckoning is with Allah." Abu Bakr said: "By Allah, 00:06:09.930 --> 00:06:21.350 There is no difference between prayer and zakat, for zakat is the right of wealth. By Allah, if they withheld from me a tether (of a camel) that they used to pay to the 00:06:21.350 --> 00:06:41.769 Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, I would fight them for withholding it." ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "By Allah, it was nothing but that I saw that Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr to fighting, and I knew that it was the truth." Agreed upon. 00:06:41.769 --> 00:06:59.750 "A tether": meaning the rope with which a camel is tied. From the benefits of the hadith: an illustration of the virtue of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, the firmness of his knowledge, his breadth, and his resolve in the command of Allah. 00:06:59.750 --> 00:07:15.579 Allah’s granting success to Abu Bakr and manifesting his virtue through the light of his insight and the soundness of his judgment. The permissibility of analogy (qiyas), as Abu Bakr forbade distinguishing between things that are similar in ruling and said: 00:07:15.579 --> 00:07:45.860 "If I fight those who distinguish between prayer and zakat..." People are fought until the oneness of Allah is realized on earth. An explanation of the virtue of the word of sincerity (Tawhid) and that whoever says it while believing in it protects his wealth, blood, and self. The ruler judges people by their outward appearance, and Allah takes charge of the inner secrets. The repentance of the apostate is accepted. 00:07:45.860 --> 00:08:11.230 On the authority of Abu Ayyub, may Allah be pleased with him, that a man said to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: "Inform me of a deed that will enter me into Paradise." He said: "Worship Allah, do not associate anything with Him, establish prayer, give zakat, and uphold family ties." Agreed upon. 00:08:11.230 --> 00:08:38.490 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that a Bedouin came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said: "O Messenger of Allah, guide me to a deed that, if I perform it, I will enter Paradise." He said: "Worship Allah, do not associate anything with Him, establish prayer, give the obligatory zakat, and fast Ramadan." 00:08:38.490 --> 00:08:59.940 He said: "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, I will not add to this." When he turned away, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "Whoever is pleased to look at a man from the people of Paradise, let him look at this one." Agreed upon. 00:08:59.940 --> 00:09:16.990 On the authority of Jarir Ibn ‘Abd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: "I pledged allegiance to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to establish prayer, give zakat, and offer sincere advice to every Muslim." Agreed upon. 00:09:16.990 --> 00:09:44.340 From the benefits of the hadith: The pledge of allegiance to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to Islam is not complete unless one commits to giving zakat. Withholding it is a violation of one's covenant and invalidates one's pledge. One does not enter into the brotherhood of believers in the religion unless he establishes prayer and gives zakat. 00:09:44.340 --> 00:09:48.340 Sincere advice to every Muslim is a Prophetic charter. 00:09:48.340 --> 00:09:53.389 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: 00:09:53.389 --> 00:09:57.389 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:09:57.389 --> 00:10:03.389 "There is no owner of gold or silver who does not pay its due right, 00:10:03.389 --> 00:10:09.389 But that on the Day of Resurrection, plates of fire will be fashioned for him, 00:10:09.389 --> 00:10:12.389 And they will be heated in the fire of Hell, 00:10:12.389 --> 00:10:16.389 And his side, his forehead, and his back will be branded with them. 00:10:16.389 --> 00:10:24.419 Every time they cool, they will be reheated for him, in a day the measure of which is fifty thousand years, 00:10:24.419 --> 00:10:27.419 Until judgment is passed between the servants, 00:10:27.419 --> 00:10:32.419 Then he will see his path, either to Paradise or to the Fire." 00:10:32.419 --> 00:10:36.649 It was asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what about camels?" 00:10:36.649 --> 00:10:41.649 He said: "And there is no owner of camels who does not pay its due right, 00:10:41.649 --> 00:10:45.649 And among its rights is its milking on the day it is watered, 00:10:45.649 --> 00:10:48.649 But that on the Day of Resurrection, 00:10:48.649 --> 00:10:53.649 He will be thrown down on a flat, level plain, as many as they were, 00:10:53.649 --> 00:10:56.649 Not a single young one (fasil) will be missing from them, 00:10:56.649 --> 00:11:01.649 They will trample him with their hooves and bite him with their mouths. 00:11:01.649 --> 00:11:06.649 Every time the first of them passes over him, the last of them will be returned to him, 00:11:06.649 --> 00:11:11.649 “(Whereby) the angels and the Spirit ascend unto Him in a Day whereof the span is fifty thousand years.” (70:4) 00:11:11.649 --> 00:11:14.649 Until judgment is passed between the servants, 00:11:14.649 --> 00:11:19.649 Then he will see his path, either to Paradise or to the Fire." 00:11:19.649 --> 00:11:23.970 It was asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what about cows and sheep?" 00:11:23.970 --> 00:11:30.970 He said: "And there is no owner of cows or sheep who does not pay its due right, 00:11:30.970 --> 00:11:33.970 But that on the Day of Resurrection, 00:11:33.970 --> 00:11:38.970 He will be thrown down on a flat, level plain, not a single one missing from them, 00:11:38.970 --> 00:11:43.970 There will be no one among them with twisted horns, no hornless one, and no broken-horned one, 00:11:43.970 --> 00:11:48.970 They will gore him with their horns and trample him with their hooves. 00:11:48.970 --> 00:11:53.970 Every time the first of them passes over him, the last of them will be returned to him, 00:11:53.970 --> 00:11:58.970 “(Whereby) the angels and the Spirit ascend unto Him in a Day whereof the span is fifty thousand years.” (70:4) 00:11:58.970 --> 00:12:00.970 Until judgment is passed between the servants, 00:12:00.970 --> 00:12:06.970 Then he will see his path, either to Paradise or to the Fire." 00:12:06.970 --> 00:12:11.320 It was asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what about horses?" 00:12:11.320 --> 00:12:14.320 He said: "Horses are of three types: 00:12:14.320 --> 00:12:20.320 They are a burden for a man, they are a covering for a man, and they are a reward for a man. 00:12:20.320 --> 00:12:23.450 As for the one that is a burden for him, 00:12:23.450 --> 00:12:26.450 It is a man who ties them up out of showing off and pride, 00:12:26.450 --> 00:12:29.450 And hostility toward the people of Islam, 00:12:29.450 --> 00:12:31.450 So they are a burden for him. 00:12:31.450 --> 00:12:34.509 As for the one that is a covering for him, 00:12:34.509 --> 00:12:37.509 It is a man who ties them up in the cause of Allah, 00:12:37.509 --> 00:12:42.509 Then he does not forget the right of Allah regarding their backs and their necks, 00:12:42.509 --> 00:12:44.509 So they are a covering for him. 00:12:44.509 --> 00:12:47.580 As for the one that is a reward for him, 00:12:47.580 --> 00:12:52.580 It is a man who ties them up in the cause of Allah for the people of Islam, 00:12:52.580 --> 00:12:55.580 In a pasture or a meadow, 00:12:55.580 --> 00:12:59.580 So whatever they eat from that pasture or meadow, 00:12:59.580 --> 00:13:03.580 Good deeds will be recorded for him equal to what they ate, 00:13:03.580 --> 00:13:08.580 And good deeds will be recorded for him equal to their droppings and their urine. 00:13:08.580 --> 00:13:13.580 And they do not break their tether and run across a hill or two, 00:13:13.580 --> 00:13:19.580 But that Allah records for him good deeds equal to their tracks and their droppings. 00:13:19.580 --> 00:13:24.580 And their owner does not pass them by a river and they drink from it, 00:13:24.580 --> 00:13:27.580 Even if he did not intend to water them, 00:13:27.580 --> 00:13:31.580 But that Allah records for him good deeds equal to what they drank." 00:13:31.580 --> 00:13:36.860 It was asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what about donkeys?" He said: 00:13:36.860 --> 00:13:39.860 "Nothing has been revealed to me regarding donkeys, 00:13:39.860 --> 00:13:43.860 Except this unique, comprehensive verse: 00:13:43.860 --> 00:13:49.019 “And whoso doeth good an atom's weight will see it then,” (99:7) 00:13:49.019 --> 00:13:54.019 “And whoso doeth ill an atom's weight will see it then.” (99:8) 00:13:54.019 --> 00:13:59.309 Agreed upon, and this is the wording of Muslim. 00:13:59.309 --> 00:14:02.950 "Its right": meaning its zakat. 00:14:02.950 --> 00:14:07.080 "Qarqar": meaning the level desert. 00:14:07.080 --> 00:14:12.269 "Fasil": meaning the young of a camel when it is weaned from its mother. 00:14:12.269 --> 00:14:16.299 "‘Aqsa": meaning one with twisted horns. 00:14:17.370 --> 00:14:21.460 "Jalha": one that has no horns. 00:14:21.460 --> 00:14:25.620 "‘Adba": meaning one with a broken horn. 00:14:25.620 --> 00:14:28.620 "Azlaf": for cows and sheep, 00:14:28.620 --> 00:14:31.620 Which are in the position of the hoof for camels. 00:14:31.620 --> 00:14:34.779 "Nawa": meaning hostility. 00:14:34.779 --> 00:14:40.100 "Marj": meaning land with vegetation and pasture. 00:14:40.100 --> 00:14:45.100 "Tiwaluha": meaning a long rope, one end of which is tied to something like a peg, 00:14:45.100 --> 00:14:49.100 And the other end is in the hand of the horse or its leg, 00:14:49.100 --> 00:14:55.330 So that it may circle within it, graze from its sides, and go where it pleases. 00:14:55.330 --> 00:15:00.330 "Istannat": meaning it ran in its pasture due to its abundance of energy. 00:15:00.330 --> 00:15:03.460 "Sharaf": meaning a hill. 00:15:03.460 --> 00:15:06.549 "The unique, comprehensive": 00:15:06.549 --> 00:15:09.549 Meaning unique in its meaning, 00:15:09.549 --> 00:15:13.379 Comprehensive of the types of righteousness. 00:15:13.379 --> 00:15:15.610 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:15:15.610 --> 00:15:17.610 The obligation of giving zakat, 00:15:17.610 --> 00:15:21.610 And that whoever withholds it exposes himself to the punishment of Allah, 00:15:21.610 --> 00:15:24.610 Because its right is attached to it. 00:15:24.610 --> 00:15:28.279 Whoever possesses a type of wealth and withholds its zakat, 00:15:28.279 --> 00:15:31.279 Will be punished with it on the Day of Resurrection. 00:15:31.279 --> 00:15:35.629 An explanation that this is not from the punishment of Hell, 00:15:35.629 --> 00:15:38.629 Rather, it is a prelude to the punishment. 00:15:38.629 --> 00:15:40.629 This is because they pass over him, 00:15:40.629 --> 00:15:44.629 Until judgment is passed between the servants, and he is among them. 00:15:44.629 --> 00:15:48.110 The length of the day of judgment between the servants 00:15:48.110 --> 00:15:50.110 Is fifty thousand years. 00:15:50.110 --> 00:15:54.750 An explanation of the reward recorded for the servant who keeps horses for the sake of Allah, anticipating His reward. 00:15:54.750 --> 00:15:56.750 Regarding the reward for those who strive in the way of Allah. 00:15:56.750 --> 00:16:01.230 An explanation of the ruling concerning donkeys and what falls under that category. 00:16:01.230 --> 00:16:04.230 And everything for which there is no explicit text. 00:16:04.230 --> 00:16:07.230 And that it is included under the scope of this verse. 00:16:07.230 --> 00:16:12.230 “And whoso doeth good an atom's weight will see it then,” (99:7) 00:16:12.230 --> 00:16:17.230 “And whoso doeth ill an atom's weight will see it then.” (99:8) 00:16:17.230 --> 00:16:22.360 Riyad al-Salihin.