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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Ifadah Center

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for Humanities Studies and Research

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presents

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Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari

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Chapter: People Asking the Imam for Rain During a Drought

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Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar, he said:

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I often recall the words of the poet

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while I look at the face of the Prophet, peace be upon him, praying for rain,

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and he would not descend until every gutter flowed with water.

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"And a fair-skinned one, through whose face the clouds are asked for rain,

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a succor to the orphans, a protector of the widows."

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This is a statement of Abu Talib.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"Until it flows" (yajishu): a thing is said to 'jasha' when it moves or surges.

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Here, it is a metaphor for the abundance of rain.

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"Every gutter" (mizab):

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The gutter is that from which water flows down from a high place.

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"Succor to the orphans" (thumal al-yatama):

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Meaning he feeds the orphans and takes care of their affairs.

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"Protector of the widows" (‘ismatun lil-aramil):

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Meaning he prevents them from need and destitution.

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This is a statement of Abu Talib,

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meaning the uncle of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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The hadith demonstrates the swiftness with which the supplication of the Prophet, peace be upon him, was answered.

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For the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, would not descend from the pulpit after praying for rain

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until every gutter was overflowing with water.

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It also shows that a person may be reminded of one thing by another.

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Thus, Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, whenever he saw rain,

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he would recall the prayer for rain of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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The hadith indicates that poetry in praise of Islam and the Messenger, peace be upon him,

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is praiseworthy, not blameworthy.

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Narrated by Anas ibn Malik:

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That ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, whenever they suffered a drought,

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would pray for rain through al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib.

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He would say:

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"O Allah, we used to beseech You through our Prophet, and You would grant us rain;

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and now we beseech You through the uncle of our Prophet, so grant us rain."

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He said: And they would be granted rain.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"Whenever they suffered a drought" (idha qahtu):

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Meaning when the rainfall was withheld from them.

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"O Allah, we used to beseech You through our Prophet":

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Meaning during his lifetime, peace be upon him.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The permissibility of seeking intercession through the supplication of a righteous person during a prayer for rain.

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It also shows the recommendation of seeking intercession through people of goodness and righteousness,

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and the people of the house of Prophethood.

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It also highlights the virtue of al-‘Abbas and ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both.

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In the report,

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there is guidance to observe the status of people and place them in their proper ranks.

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Chapter: Supplication During the Prayer for Rain While Standing

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Narrated by Abu Ishaq, he said:

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‘Abdullah ibn Yazid al-Ansari went out,

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and al-Bara’ ibn ‘Azib went out with him,

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as did Zayd ibn Arqam, may Allah be pleased with them.

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He prayed for rain,

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and he stood before them on his feet, without a pulpit.

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He sought forgiveness,

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then he prayed two rak‘ahs, reciting aloud.

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He did not call the adhan nor the iqamah.

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Abu Ishaq said:

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‘Abdullah ibn Yazid al-Ansari had seen the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"‘Abdullah ibn Yazid al-Ansari went out":

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Meaning to the open desert.

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This was when he was the governor of Kufa.

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"He prayed for rain":

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Meaning ‘Abdullah ibn Yazid, may Allah be pleased with him.

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"And ‘Abdullah ibn Yazid al-Ansari had seen the Prophet, peace be upon him":

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The intent is:

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That the action of the Companion, may Allah be pleased with him, carries the authority of a Prophetic ruling (marfu‘).

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The recommendation of seeking forgiveness during the prayer for rain.

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It also shows the legitimacy of reciting aloud in the prayer for rain.

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It also shows that the prayer for rain does not require an adhan or an iqamah.

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Chapter: People Raising Their Hands with the Imam During the Prayer for Rain

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Narrated by Anas, may Allah be pleased with him:

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That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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would not raise his hands in any of his supplications

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except in the prayer for rain;

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for he would raise his hands

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until the whiteness of his armpits could be seen.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"Until the whiteness of his armpits could be seen":

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Meaning an exaggeration in raising the hands.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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That the Sunnah in the supplication for rain

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is to exaggerate in raising the hands,

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because it is a supplication of hope and earnest desire.

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It also shows that the follower (ma’mum) follows the Imam in this.

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Chapter: What is Said When it Rains

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Narrated by ‘A’ishah:

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That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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whenever he saw rain, would say:

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"O Allah, a beneficial downpour."

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"O Allah, a beneficial downpour."

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"O Allah, a beneficial downpour" (sayyiban nafi‘an):

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Meaning: We ask You for abundant, beneficial rain that is not harmful.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The recommendation of using the transmitted supplications at the time of rainfall,

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and asking Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, that the rain be beneficial and not harmful.

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Chapter: When the Wind Blows

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Narrated by Anas ibn Malik, he said:

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Whenever a fierce wind blew,

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it would be recognized on the face of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"Fierce" (shadidah): meaning strong.

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"Blew" (habbat): meaning it surged and intensified.

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"It would be recognized on the face of the Prophet, peace be upon him":

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Meaning the effect of the wind was recognized in the change of the Prophet’s face, peace be upon him,

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by the appearance of a sign of fear upon him,

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fearing that the wind might have been sent as a punishment.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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That the wind is one of the soldiers of Allah, the Almighty.

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The hadith indicates that the state of the believer is between fear and hope.

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Chapter: The Statement of the Prophet, peace be upon him:

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"I have been aided by the easterly wind (al-Saba)."

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Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbas:

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That the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:

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"I have been aided by the easterly wind,

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and the people of ‘Ad were destroyed by the westerly wind (al-Dabur)."

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"By the easterly wind" (bi-al-Saba): meaning the wind from the east.

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It is also said:

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That which comes from behind you when you face the Qiblah.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The permissibility of a person informing others of what Allah has favored him with,

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by way of speaking of Allah’s blessing and expressing gratitude.

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It also provides guidance to take heed from past nations.

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Chapter: What is Said Regarding Earthquakes and Signs

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Furthermore, it is derived from the hadith:

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Chapter: What is Said Regarding Earthquakes and Signs

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Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar, he said:

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The Prophet, peace be upon him, mentioned:

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"O Allah, bless us in our Sham (Levant).

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O Allah, bless us in our Yemen."

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They said: "O Messenger of Allah,

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and in our Najd?"

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He said:

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"O Allah, bless us in our Sham.

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O Allah, bless us in our Yemen."

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They said: "O Messenger of Allah,

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and in our Najd?"

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I think he said on the third time:

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"There are earthquakes and tribulations,

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and from there the horn of Satan will emerge."

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"Bless" (barik):

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Blessing (barakah):

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The abundance of good and its continuity.

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"Our Najd":

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Which is the direction of Iraq.

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"The horn of Satan":

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Meaning his followers and his party.

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It is also said that the Dajjal will emerge from there.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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The hadith establishes the superiority of some places over others by textual evidence.

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It also provides guidance to stay away from the sources of tribulations.

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Chapter:

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None knows when rain will come except Allah.

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Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both:

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From the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:

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"The keys of the Unseen are five."

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In a narration:

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“Lo! Allah! With Him is knowledge of the Hour. He sendeth down the rain, and knoweth that which is in the wombs. No soul knoweth what it will earn to-morrow, and no soul knoweth in what land it will die. Lo! Allah is Knower, Aware.” (31:34)

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None knows them except Allah:

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None knows what the wombs contain except Allah;

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none knows what will happen tomorrow except Allah;

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none knows when rain will come except Allah;

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in a narration:

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"And no soul knows what it will earn tomorrow,"

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“Lo! Allah! With Him is knowledge of the Hour. He sendeth down the rain, and knoweth that which is in the wombs. No soul knoweth what it will earn to-morrow, and no soul knoweth in what land it will die. Lo! Allah is Knower, Aware.” (31:34)

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and none knows when the Hour will be established except Allah.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"None knows what the wombs contain":

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Meaning what is diminished from what is within them,

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whether the fetus perishes,

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or it dwindles or vanishes.

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"The Hour will be established":

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The Hour is the Day of Resurrection.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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The hadith invalidates the conjectures of astrologers in their engagement with knowledge of the Unseen.

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It also shows that whoever claims knowledge of the Unseen has lied.

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Book of the Eclipse

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Chapter: Prayer During a Solar Eclipse

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Narrated by Abu Bakrah, he said:

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The sun was eclipsed during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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and he went out dragging his cloak,

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until he reached the mosque,

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and the people gathered to him,

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and he led them in a two-rak‘ah prayer,

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The sun cleared.

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He said:

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"The sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah.

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They do not eclipse for the death of anyone,

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according to one narration,

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nor for his life.

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Rather, Allah the Almighty strikes fear into His servants through them.

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When that happens,

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pray and supplicate until what you are experiencing is dispelled."

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That was because a son of the Prophet, peace be upon him, had died,

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who was called Ibrahim.

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People spoke about that.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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Chapter: Prayer during a solar eclipse.

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The eclipse prayer is a prayer of awe.

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The prayer for rain (istisqa') is a prayer of longing.

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He was dragging his garment,

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meaning in a state of alarm.

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The people flocked to him,

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meaning they returned to him and gathered.

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It was also said:

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They came in succession,

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one after another.

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The meaning of gathering is more apparent in this context.

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The sun cleared,

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meaning it was uncovered and became visible.

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"Dispelled" means it passes away.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith

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that the Sunnah for the eclipse prayer is two rak'ahs.

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It also contains the obligation of seeking refuge with Allah the Almighty,

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and supplicating for the removal of distress.

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A scholar must dispel misconceptions

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and correct doctrinal errors

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related to cosmic phenomena.

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The hadith also points to the greatness of the blessing of the sun and the moon.

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From Abu Mas'ud, who said:

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

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"The sun and the moon do not eclipse for the death of anyone, nor for his life.

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Rather, they are two signs among the signs of Allah.

241
00:13:32,460 --> 00:13:36,210
So when you see them, pray."

242
00:13:36,210 --> 00:13:39,090
From Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both:

243
00:13:39,090 --> 00:13:43,090
From the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:

244
00:13:43,090 --> 00:13:48,769
"The sun and the moon do not eclipse for the death of anyone, nor for his life.

245
00:13:48,769 --> 00:13:52,570
Rather, they are two signs among the signs of Allah.

246
00:13:52,610 --> 00:13:56,149
So when you see them, pray."

247
00:13:56,149 --> 00:13:59,309
From al-Mughirah Ibn Shu'bah, who said:

248
00:13:59,309 --> 00:14:03,070
The sun eclipsed on the day Ibrahim died.

249
00:14:03,070 --> 00:14:04,909
The people said,

250
00:14:04,909 --> 00:14:07,870
"It eclipsed for the death of Ibrahim."

251
00:14:07,870 --> 00:14:11,710
So the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

252
00:14:11,710 --> 00:14:15,909
"The sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah.

253
00:14:15,909 --> 00:14:20,149
They do not eclipse for the death of anyone, nor for his life.

254
00:14:20,149 --> 00:14:22,389
So when you see them,

255
00:14:22,429 --> 00:14:27,080
supplicate to Allah and pray until it clears."

256
00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:30,539
Commentary on the hadith:

257
00:14:30,539 --> 00:14:33,100
"Two signs among the signs of Allah,"

258
00:14:33,100 --> 00:14:35,379
meaning two markers from the signs of Allah,

259
00:14:35,379 --> 00:14:39,379
indicating His oneness and His immense power,

260
00:14:39,379 --> 00:14:44,629
or two signs to frighten His servants with His might and severity.

261
00:14:44,629 --> 00:14:46,309
"When you see them,"

262
00:14:46,309 --> 00:14:50,009
the dual form is used in reference to the sun and the moon.

263
00:14:50,009 --> 00:14:52,610
"For the death of anyone, nor for his life,"

264
00:14:52,610 --> 00:14:56,759
meaning because of the death of someone or because of his life.

265
00:14:56,759 --> 00:15:01,240
Ibrahim was the son of the Prophet, peace be upon him,

266
00:15:01,240 --> 00:15:05,360
and his mother was Mariyah the Copt, may Allah be pleased with her.

267
00:15:05,360 --> 00:15:09,059
He passed away in the tenth year of the Hijrah.

268
00:15:09,059 --> 00:15:13,929
"Until it clears" means until the eclipse passes.

269
00:15:13,929 --> 00:15:17,500
From the benefits of the hadith:

270
00:15:17,500 --> 00:15:19,659
It is derived from the hadith:

271
00:15:19,659 --> 00:15:23,940
Seeking refuge with the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, to remove distress.

272
00:15:23,940 --> 00:15:30,279
The hadith states that the sun and the moon are two signs with which Allah strikes fear into His servants.

273
00:15:30,279 --> 00:15:39,000
The hadiths contain a refutation of those who claim that the planets have an influence on earthly events.

274
00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:42,690
Chapter: Charity during an eclipse.

275
00:15:42,690 --> 00:15:45,649
From 'A'ishah, who said:

276
00:15:45,649 --> 00:15:51,169
The sun eclipsed during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

277
00:15:51,169 --> 00:15:52,649
In one narration:

278
00:15:52,649 --> 00:15:54,409
It returned in the forenoon.

279
00:15:54,409 --> 00:16:00,409
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, passed between the dwellings.

280
00:16:00,409 --> 00:16:02,009
In one narration:

281
00:16:02,009 --> 00:16:06,090
He sent a caller to announce: "Prayer is gathering."

282
00:16:06,090 --> 00:16:10,809
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, led the people in prayer.

283
00:16:10,809 --> 00:16:14,019
He stood and prolonged the standing.

284
00:16:14,019 --> 00:16:15,460
In one narration:

285
00:16:15,460 --> 00:16:21,700
He said the takbir, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, recited a long recitation.

286
00:16:21,700 --> 00:16:23,490
Then he said the takbir.

287
00:16:23,529 --> 00:16:25,169
In one narration:

288
00:16:25,169 --> 00:16:31,299
The Prophet, peace be upon him, recited aloud in the eclipse prayer.

289
00:16:31,299 --> 00:16:34,340
Then he bowed and prolonged the bowing.

290
00:16:34,340 --> 00:16:37,179
Then he stood and prolonged the standing,

291
00:16:37,179 --> 00:16:40,059
which was shorter than the first standing.

292
00:16:40,059 --> 00:16:42,820
Then he bowed and prolonged the bowing,

293
00:16:42,820 --> 00:16:45,700
which was shorter than the first bowing.

294
00:16:45,700 --> 00:16:48,820
Then he prostrated and prolonged the prostration.

295
00:16:48,860 --> 00:16:53,990
Then he did in the second rak'ah what he did in the first.

296
00:16:53,990 --> 00:16:55,429
In one narration:

297
00:16:55,429 --> 00:17:00,110
He completed four bowings and four prostrations.

298
00:17:00,110 --> 00:17:03,549
Then he left, and the sun had cleared.

299
00:17:03,549 --> 00:17:05,269
He delivered a sermon to the people.

300
00:17:05,269 --> 00:17:08,029
He praised Allah and extolled Him.

301
00:17:08,029 --> 00:17:09,789
Then he said:

302
00:17:09,789 --> 00:17:14,109
"The sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah.

303
00:17:14,109 --> 00:17:18,490
They do not eclipse for the death of anyone, nor for his life."

304
00:17:18,529 --> 00:17:19,970
In one narration:

305
00:17:19,970 --> 00:17:25,670
"Rather, they are two signs among the signs of Allah that He shows to His servants.

306
00:17:25,670 --> 00:17:27,789
So when you see that,

307
00:17:27,789 --> 00:17:30,150
supplicate to Allah, say the takbir,

308
00:17:30,150 --> 00:17:32,819
pray, and give charity."

309
00:17:32,819 --> 00:17:34,460
Then he said:

310
00:17:34,460 --> 00:17:36,779
"O Ummah of Muhammad!

311
00:17:36,779 --> 00:17:43,640
By Allah, there is no one more jealous than Allah that His servant or His maidservant should commit adultery.

312
00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:45,839
O Ummah of Muhammad!

313
00:17:45,839 --> 00:17:48,720
By Allah, if you knew what I know,

314
00:17:48,759 --> 00:17:53,490
you would laugh little and weep much."

315
00:17:53,490 --> 00:17:55,009
In one narration:

316
00:17:55,009 --> 00:17:59,960
Then he commanded them to seek refuge from the punishment of the grave.

317
00:17:59,960 --> 00:18:03,309
Commentary on the hadith:

318
00:18:03,309 --> 00:18:07,150
"During the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,"

319
00:18:07,150 --> 00:18:09,039
meaning in his era.

320
00:18:09,039 --> 00:18:11,720
"Which was shorter than the first standing,"

321
00:18:11,720 --> 00:18:13,680
meaning he prolonged the recitation.

322
00:18:13,680 --> 00:18:17,819
It is less than the recitation in the first standing.

323
00:18:17,819 --> 00:18:22,500
"Then he did in the second rak'ah what he did in the first,"

324
00:18:22,500 --> 00:18:24,539
meaning he stood twice,

325
00:18:24,539 --> 00:18:26,380
and recited twice,

326
00:18:26,380 --> 00:18:30,430
and prolonged the recitation, bowing, and prostration.

327
00:18:30,430 --> 00:18:31,829
"Then he left,"

328
00:18:31,829 --> 00:18:33,589
meaning from the prayer,

329
00:18:33,589 --> 00:18:35,710
"and the sun had cleared,"

330
00:18:35,710 --> 00:18:38,349
meaning it was uncovered and appeared.

331
00:18:38,349 --> 00:18:40,750
"Between the dwellings,"

332
00:18:40,750 --> 00:18:47,269
by "dwellings" is meant the houses of the wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

333
00:18:47,309 --> 00:18:49,390
"O Ummah of Muhammad!"

334
00:18:49,390 --> 00:18:52,349
In this call, there is a sense of compassion,

335
00:18:52,349 --> 00:18:55,410
just as a father addresses his child.

336
00:18:55,410 --> 00:18:58,009
"By Allah, there is no one more jealous,"

337
00:18:58,009 --> 00:19:00,019
meaning from the attribute of jealousy.

338
00:19:00,019 --> 00:19:06,059
"By Allah, if you knew what I know, you would laugh little and weep much,"

339
00:19:06,059 --> 00:19:11,819
meaning if you knew the greatness of Allah's retribution against the criminals and the severity of His punishment,

340
00:19:11,819 --> 00:19:15,900
and the horrors of the Day of Resurrection and its states as I have known them,

341
00:19:15,900 --> 00:19:18,859
you would not laugh at all.

342
00:19:18,859 --> 00:19:22,460
From the benefits of the hadith:

343
00:19:22,460 --> 00:19:24,619
It is derived from the hadith:

344
00:19:24,619 --> 00:19:28,819
Hastening to prayer, dhikr, takbir, and charity

345
00:19:28,819 --> 00:19:31,380
upon the occurrence of a solar or lunar eclipse,

346
00:19:31,380 --> 00:19:35,099
or similar events like earthquakes or intense darkness,

347
00:19:35,099 --> 00:19:38,130
and other such horrors.

348
00:19:38,130 --> 00:19:41,569
The hadith explains the manner of the eclipse prayer:

349
00:19:41,569 --> 00:19:44,529
In every rak'ah, there are two bowings.

350
00:19:44,569 --> 00:19:49,059
The hadith contains the command to supplicate and beseech Him in prayer.

351
00:19:49,059 --> 00:19:51,900
It encourages performing good deeds,

352
00:19:51,900 --> 00:19:56,250
especially charity, the benefit of which is far-reaching.

353
00:19:56,250 --> 00:20:00,009
It establishes the legitimacy of the Imam's exhortation during such signs,

354
00:20:00,009 --> 00:20:02,940
and commanding the people to perform acts of righteousness.

355
00:20:02,940 --> 00:20:05,059
It contains the prohibition of sins,

356
00:20:05,059 --> 00:20:08,390
and a warning against major sins.

357
00:20:08,390 --> 00:20:14,869
The hadith shows that the Prophet, peace be upon him, was the most knowledgeable of creation regarding Allah the Almighty,

358
00:20:14,869 --> 00:20:20,299
and that there is no law except through his path, peace be upon him.

359
00:20:20,299 --> 00:20:26,349
The hadith points to the prohibition of adultery.

360
00:20:26,349 --> 00:20:31,910
Chapter: The call "Prayer is gathering" during an eclipse.

361
00:20:31,910 --> 00:20:35,589
From 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar, who said:

362
00:20:35,589 --> 00:20:41,230
When the sun eclipsed during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

363
00:20:41,230 --> 00:20:44,869
it was announced: "Prayer is gathering."

364
00:20:44,869 --> 00:20:49,990
The Prophet, peace be upon him, bowed twice in his prostration.

365
00:20:49,990 --> 00:20:51,509
Then he stood,

366
00:20:51,509 --> 00:20:54,390
and bowed twice in his prostration.

367
00:20:54,390 --> 00:20:55,910
Then he sat.

368
00:20:55,910 --> 00:20:58,390
Then it cleared from the sun.

369
00:20:58,390 --> 00:20:59,509
He said:

370
00:20:59,509 --> 00:21:02,750
And 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

371
00:21:02,750 --> 00:21:08,019
"I have never prostrated a prostration longer than that."

372
00:21:08,019 --> 00:21:11,470
Commentary on the hadith:

373
00:21:11,470 --> 00:21:13,710
"Prayer is gathering,"

374
00:21:13,710 --> 00:21:17,029
meaning without adhan or iqamah.

375
00:21:17,029 --> 00:21:19,190
"Then it cleared from the sun,"

376
00:21:19,190 --> 00:21:21,309
meaning it appeared.

377
00:21:21,309 --> 00:21:24,940
From the benefits of the hadith:

378
00:21:24,940 --> 00:21:27,059
It is derived from the hadith:

379
00:21:27,059 --> 00:21:31,740
That it is not prescribed for the eclipse prayer to have an adhan or iqamah.

380
00:21:31,740 --> 00:21:35,779
It contains the recommendation of long prostration in the eclipse prayer.

381
00:21:35,779 --> 00:21:37,660
The wisdom in that is

382
00:21:37,660 --> 00:21:43,259
that the eclipse prayer is a prayer of awe and seeking refuge with Allah the Almighty,

383
00:21:43,299 --> 00:21:47,339
and the closest a servant is to his Lord is when he is prostrating.

384
00:21:47,339 --> 00:21:56,160
Thus, the length of the prostration corresponds to the length of seeking refuge and drawing near to Allah, the Glorified and Exalted.

385
00:21:56,160 --> 00:22:00,940
Chapter: Seeking refuge from the punishment of the grave during an eclipse.

386
00:22:00,940 --> 00:22:05,420
From 'A'ishah, the wife of the Prophet, peace be upon him:

387
00:22:05,420 --> 00:22:08,940
A Jewish woman came to ask her.

388
00:22:08,940 --> 00:22:10,779
She said to her:

389
00:22:10,779 --> 00:22:14,309
"May Allah protect you from the punishment of the grave."

390
00:22:14,349 --> 00:22:20,109
'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, asked the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

391
00:22:20,109 --> 00:22:23,269
"Are people punished in their graves?"

392
00:22:23,269 --> 00:22:27,150
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

393
00:22:27,150 --> 00:22:30,490
"I seek refuge in Allah from that."

394
00:22:30,490 --> 00:22:31,930
In one narration:

395
00:22:31,930 --> 00:22:34,849
"Yes, the punishment of the grave."

396
00:22:34,849 --> 00:22:37,930
'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

397
00:22:37,930 --> 00:22:42,009
"I never saw the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, after that,

398
00:22:42,009 --> 00:22:47,450
pray a prayer without seeking refuge from the punishment of the grave."

399
00:22:47,450 --> 00:22:50,769
Commentary on the hadith.

400
00:22:50,769 --> 00:22:52,369
That a Jewish woman...

401
00:22:52,369 --> 00:22:54,960
Meaning a Jewish woman...

402
00:22:54,960 --> 00:22:56,859
...came to ask her.

403
00:22:56,859 --> 00:22:59,119
Meaning she was seeking a need.

404
00:22:59,119 --> 00:23:02,119
Meaning He punishes people in their graves.

405
00:23:02,119 --> 00:23:03,619
This question...

406
00:23:03,619 --> 00:23:07,220
...is because the knowledge was with 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her.

407
00:23:07,220 --> 00:23:09,119
That punishment and reward...

408
00:23:09,119 --> 00:23:11,819
...only occur after the Resurrection.

409
00:23:11,819 --> 00:23:14,019
This is why she asked.

410
00:23:14,019 --> 00:23:16,720
"Seeking refuge in Allah from that."

411
00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:21,339
Meaning, seeking shelter with Allah the Exalted from the punishment of the grave.

412
00:23:21,339 --> 00:23:24,980
From the benefits of the hadith.

413
00:23:24,980 --> 00:23:26,980
It is derived from the hadith...

414
00:23:26,980 --> 00:23:29,279
...the affirmation of the punishment of the grave.

415
00:23:29,279 --> 00:23:34,869
The people of the Sunnah are in consensus regarding belief in the punishment of the grave and affirming it.

416
00:23:34,869 --> 00:23:39,470
The hadith contains evidence that the state of the punishment of the grave is grave.

417
00:23:39,470 --> 00:23:43,869
Therefore, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sought refuge from it.

418
00:23:43,869 --> 00:23:48,480
And he commanded that one seek refuge from it.

419
00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:51,920
Chapter: Dhikr during an eclipse.

420
00:23:51,920 --> 00:23:54,420
On the authority of Abu Musa, who said:

421
00:23:54,420 --> 00:23:56,420
The sun eclipsed.

422
00:23:56,420 --> 00:24:00,619
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stood up in alarm.

423
00:24:00,619 --> 00:24:03,579
Fearing that the Hour had arrived.

424
00:24:03,579 --> 00:24:05,279
He came to the mosque.

425
00:24:05,279 --> 00:24:09,180
He prayed with the longest standing, bowing, and prostration.

426
00:24:09,180 --> 00:24:11,950
I had never seen him do it before.

427
00:24:11,950 --> 00:24:13,349
And he said:

428
00:24:13,349 --> 00:24:16,450
"These signs that Allah sends..."

429
00:24:16,450 --> 00:24:20,250
"...do not occur due to the death or life of anyone."

430
00:24:20,250 --> 00:24:23,910
"Rather, Allah uses them to strike fear into His servants."

431
00:24:23,910 --> 00:24:26,809
"So if you see anything of that..."

432
00:24:26,809 --> 00:24:32,059
"...then hasten to His remembrance, His supplication, and His seeking of forgiveness."

433
00:24:32,059 --> 00:24:35,470
Commentary on the hadith.

434
00:24:35,470 --> 00:24:39,470
"The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stood up in alarm."

435
00:24:39,470 --> 00:24:41,500
Meaning, afraid.

436
00:24:41,599 --> 00:24:44,500
"Fearing," meaning, afraid.

437
00:24:44,500 --> 00:24:46,299
"That the Hour had arrived."

438
00:24:46,299 --> 00:24:48,099
Meaning, that it had begun.

439
00:24:48,099 --> 00:24:49,700
"These signs..."

440
00:24:49,700 --> 00:24:51,299
...meaning the portents.

441
00:24:51,299 --> 00:24:53,400
Such as solar and lunar eclipses.

442
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:57,799
Earthquakes, severe winds, and the like.

443
00:24:57,799 --> 00:25:02,500
For in each of them, Allah the Exalted strikes fear into His servants.

444
00:25:02,500 --> 00:25:05,119
Perhaps they might return [to Him].

445
00:25:05,119 --> 00:25:07,819
"So if you see anything of that..."

446
00:25:07,819 --> 00:25:10,319
...meaning from those signs.

447
00:25:10,319 --> 00:25:14,420
"...then hasten to His remembrance, His supplication, and His seeking of forgiveness."

448
00:25:14,420 --> 00:25:16,920
Meaning, turn to Him, the Almighty and Majestic.

449
00:25:16,920 --> 00:25:21,099
And seek His aid to avert the occurring event.

450
00:25:21,099 --> 00:25:25,019
From the benefits of the hadith.

451
00:25:25,019 --> 00:25:27,119
It is derived from the hadith...

452
00:25:27,119 --> 00:25:31,019
...that the sun and the moon are among the signs of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

453
00:25:31,019 --> 00:25:33,680
He uses them to strike fear into His servants.

454
00:25:33,680 --> 00:25:38,380
It contains guidance to persist in seeking forgiveness to avert calamity.

455
00:25:38,380 --> 00:25:41,880
It contains [the instruction] to hasten to remembrance, supplication, and worship.

456
00:25:41,880 --> 00:25:47,940
When frightening signs appear.

457
00:25:47,940 --> 00:25:53,309
Chapters on the Prostration of the Qur'an.

458
00:25:53,309 --> 00:25:58,359
Chapter: What has been narrated regarding the prostration of the Qur'an and its Sunnah.

459
00:25:58,359 --> 00:26:01,990
On the authority of 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

460
00:26:01,990 --> 00:26:07,089
"The first Surah in which a prostration was revealed was [Surah] al-Najm."

461
00:26:07,089 --> 00:26:08,289
He said:

462
00:26:08,289 --> 00:26:12,190
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, prostrated.

463
00:26:12,190 --> 00:26:14,390
And those behind him prostrated.

464
00:26:14,390 --> 00:26:15,990
Except for one man.

465
00:26:15,990 --> 00:26:20,490
I saw him take a handful of dust and prostrate upon it.

466
00:26:20,490 --> 00:26:24,390
I saw him after that killed as a disbeliever.

467
00:26:24,390 --> 00:26:27,799
He was Umayyah Ibn Khalaf.

468
00:26:27,799 --> 00:26:31,009
Commentary on the hadith.

469
00:26:31,009 --> 00:26:35,109
"The first Surah in which a prostration was revealed was al-Najm."

470
00:26:35,109 --> 00:26:37,170
Meaning, in Makkah.

471
00:26:37,170 --> 00:26:39,069
"And those behind him prostrated."

472
00:26:39,069 --> 00:26:42,900
Meaning, with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

473
00:26:42,900 --> 00:26:46,299
"He took a handful of dust and prostrated upon it."

474
00:26:46,299 --> 00:26:49,299
Meaning, he did so out of arrogance.

475
00:26:49,299 --> 00:26:50,799
"I saw him."

476
00:26:50,799 --> 00:26:55,289
The observer is 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him.

477
00:26:55,289 --> 00:26:58,670
From the benefits of the hadith.

478
00:26:58,670 --> 00:27:00,670
It is derived from the hadith...

479
00:27:00,670 --> 00:27:03,670
...the reason for the obligation of the prostration of recitation.

480
00:27:03,670 --> 00:27:06,170
Recitation is for the one reciting.

481
00:27:06,170 --> 00:27:09,269
And listening is for the one listening.

482
00:27:09,269 --> 00:27:12,670
It contains the affirmation of the prostration of Surah al-Najm.

483
00:27:12,670 --> 00:27:15,869
The hadith contains an indication of the condemnation of arrogance.

484
00:27:15,869 --> 00:27:21,119
And the evil end of the arrogant.

485
00:27:21,119 --> 00:27:24,099
Chapter: The prostration of [Surah] Sad.

486
00:27:24,099 --> 00:27:27,799
On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

487
00:27:27,799 --> 00:27:31,400
"Sad is not among the obligatory prostrations."

488
00:27:31,400 --> 00:27:36,819
"Yet I saw the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, prostrate during it."

489
00:27:36,819 --> 00:27:39,910
Commentary on the hadith.

490
00:27:39,910 --> 00:27:42,410
"Not among the obligatory prostrations."

491
00:27:42,410 --> 00:27:46,500
It is not among the prostrations whose performance is confirmed as mandatory.

492
00:27:46,500 --> 00:27:49,849
From the benefits of the hadith.

493
00:27:49,849 --> 00:27:51,849
It is derived from the hadith...

494
00:27:51,849 --> 00:27:55,150
...that the basis for prostrations is [based on] divine instruction (tawqif).

495
00:27:55,150 --> 00:27:59,049
The hadith indicates the affirmation of the prostration of Surah Sad.

496
00:27:59,049 --> 00:28:03,930
There is a difference of opinion regarding its emphasis.

497
00:28:03,930 --> 00:28:07,430
Chapter: The prostration of Muslims with the polytheists.

498
00:28:07,430 --> 00:28:11,740
The polytheist is impure and does not have wudu'.

499
00:28:11,740 --> 00:28:15,039
On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both:

500
00:28:15,039 --> 00:28:19,440
That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, prostrated during [Surah] al-Najm.

501
00:28:19,440 --> 00:28:22,839
And the Muslims and the polytheists prostrated with him.

502
00:28:22,839 --> 00:28:25,980
As did the Jinn and mankind.

503
00:28:25,980 --> 00:28:29,000
Commentary on the hadith.

504
00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:31,099
"And the Jinn and mankind."

505
00:28:31,099 --> 00:28:35,359
The way of knowing the prostration of the Jinn is through revelation.

506
00:28:35,359 --> 00:28:38,740
From the benefits of the hadith.

507
00:28:38,740 --> 00:28:41,740
The hadith affirms the world of the Jinn.

508
00:28:41,740 --> 00:28:45,170
And that the Jinn are held accountable just like humans.

509
00:28:45,170 --> 00:28:47,670
It contains [the principle] that impurity is of two types.

510
00:28:47,670 --> 00:28:52,450
Physical and spiritual.

511
00:28:52,450 --> 00:28:56,660
Chapter: One who recites a prostration verse and does not prostrate.

512
00:28:56,660 --> 00:28:59,460
On the authority of Zayd Ibn Thabit, who said:

513
00:28:59,460 --> 00:29:03,859
I recited [Surah] al-Najm to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

514
00:29:03,859 --> 00:29:06,910
And he did not prostrate during it.

515
00:29:06,910 --> 00:29:10,000
Commentary on the hadith.

516
00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:13,660
"Al-Najm," meaning Surah al-Najm.

517
00:29:13,660 --> 00:29:16,970
From the benefits of the hadith.

518
00:29:16,970 --> 00:29:19,470
The hadith shows the Companions presenting the Qur'an.

519
00:29:19,470 --> 00:29:22,970
To the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

520
00:29:22,970 --> 00:29:28,579
And that the prostration of recitation is based on divine instruction.

521
00:29:28,579 --> 00:29:32,529
Chapter: One who prostrates when the reciter prostrates.

522
00:29:32,529 --> 00:29:34,529
On the authority of Ibn 'Umar, who said:

523
00:29:34,529 --> 00:29:37,529
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to...

524
00:29:37,529 --> 00:29:40,529
...recite a prostration verse while we were with him.

525
00:29:40,529 --> 00:29:43,029
He would prostrate, and we would prostrate with him.

526
00:29:43,029 --> 00:29:44,529
We would become crowded.

527
00:29:44,529 --> 00:29:47,029
Until one of us could not find [a place] for his forehead.

528
00:29:47,029 --> 00:29:49,880
A spot to prostrate upon.

529
00:29:49,880 --> 00:29:53,359
Commentary on the hadith.

530
00:29:53,359 --> 00:29:56,359
"We would become crowded until one of us could not find..."

531
00:29:56,359 --> 00:29:58,359
Meaning, some of us.

532
00:29:58,359 --> 00:30:01,619
"A spot," meaning a place.

533
00:30:01,619 --> 00:30:05,220
From the benefits of the hadith.

534
00:30:05,220 --> 00:30:07,720
The hadith shows that the prostration of recitation...

535
00:30:07,720 --> 00:30:10,259
...is for the reciter and the listener.

536
00:30:10,259 --> 00:30:12,259
It contains [the virtue of] eagerness to do good.

537
00:30:12,259 --> 00:30:14,259
And racing toward it.

538
00:30:14,259 --> 00:30:17,259
It contains the necessity of following his [the Prophet's] actions.

539
00:30:17,759 --> 00:30:21,890
Chapter: One who holds that Allah, the Almighty and Majestic...

540
00:30:21,890 --> 00:30:24,890
...did not make the prostration obligatory.

541
00:30:24,890 --> 00:30:27,559
On the authority of Rabi'ah Ibn 'Abdullah...

542
00:30:27,559 --> 00:30:30,059
...Ibn al-Hudayr al-Taymi:

543
00:30:30,059 --> 00:30:33,059
That 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him...

544
00:30:33,059 --> 00:30:35,559
...recited on Friday from the pulpit...

545
00:30:35,559 --> 00:30:38,059
...Surah al-Nahl.

546
00:30:38,059 --> 00:30:40,559
Until, when he reached the prostration [verse]...

547
00:30:40,559 --> 00:30:42,059
...he descended and prostrated.

548
00:30:42,059 --> 00:30:44,559
And the people prostrated.

549
00:30:44,559 --> 00:30:47,559
Until, when the following Friday came...

550
00:30:48,559 --> 00:30:50,059
...he recited it.

551
00:30:50,059 --> 00:30:52,559
Until, when he reached the prostration [verse]...

552
00:30:52,559 --> 00:30:53,559
He said:

553
00:30:53,559 --> 00:30:55,559
"O people!"

554
00:30:55,559 --> 00:30:58,059
"We pass by the prostration [verses]."

555
00:30:58,059 --> 00:31:00,559
"Whoever prostrates has done right."

556
00:31:00,559 --> 00:31:02,559
"And whoever does not prostrate..."

557
00:31:02,559 --> 00:31:04,059
"...there is no sin upon him."

558
00:31:04,059 --> 00:31:07,559
And 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, did not prostrate.

559
00:31:10,750 --> 00:31:13,140
"He descended and prostrated."

560
00:31:13,140 --> 00:31:15,640
Meaning, he descended from the pulpit and prostrated.

561
00:31:15,640 --> 00:31:17,140
"The following [Friday]."

562
00:31:18,140 --> 00:31:19,640
Meaning, the upcoming one.

563
00:31:19,640 --> 00:31:22,140
"We pass by the prostration [verses]."

564
00:31:22,140 --> 00:31:26,299
Meaning, we recite or hear a verse containing a prostration.

565
00:31:26,299 --> 00:31:28,799
"Whoever prostrates has done right."

566
00:31:28,799 --> 00:31:31,390
Meaning, in his action, he has followed the Sunnah.

567
00:31:31,390 --> 00:31:34,390
"And whoever does not prostrate, there is no sin upon him."

568
00:31:34,390 --> 00:31:37,890
The negation of sin for one who leaves the action by choice...

569
00:31:37,890 --> 00:31:40,549
...indicates that it is not obligatory.

570
00:31:40,549 --> 00:31:44,160
From the benefits of the hadith.

571
00:31:44,160 --> 00:31:46,160
It is derived from the hadith...

572
00:31:46,160 --> 00:31:49,160
...that the action of a Companion which cannot be reached through [personal] opinion...

573
00:31:49,160 --> 00:31:51,660
...has the status of a raised [Prophetic] report.

574
00:31:51,660 --> 00:31:55,160
It contains the statement of a Companion while the others remain silent.

575
00:31:55,160 --> 00:31:58,220
This is considered a tacit consensus.

576
00:31:58,220 --> 00:32:02,720
The hadith shows that people in prayer are followers of their Imam.

577
00:32:02,720 --> 00:32:07,220
It contains the permissibility of a slight pause between the recitation and the prostration.