1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,540 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,540 --> 00:00:06,509 Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,509 --> 00:00:09,710 for Human Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,710 --> 00:00:12,029 presents: 5 00:00:12,029 --> 00:00:16,269 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:16,269 --> 00:00:21,100 Chapter: When the heat becomes intense on Friday. 7 00:00:21,100 --> 00:00:24,980 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, who said: 8 00:00:24,980 --> 00:00:29,699 When the cold became severe, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 9 00:00:29,699 --> 00:00:31,699 would pray early, 10 00:00:31,699 --> 00:00:33,700 and when the heat became intense, 11 00:00:33,700 --> 00:00:35,700 he would delay the prayer until it cooled down— 12 00:00:35,700 --> 00:00:38,210 meaning the Friday prayer. 13 00:00:38,210 --> 00:00:40,210 Commentary on the hadith: 14 00:00:40,210 --> 00:00:42,780 "Until it cooled down" 15 00:00:42,780 --> 00:00:44,780 means waiting until 16 00:00:44,780 --> 00:00:47,070 the intensity of the heat abates. 17 00:00:47,070 --> 00:00:49,070 Among the benefits of this hadith: 18 00:00:49,070 --> 00:00:51,780 The hadith indicates that the time for Friday prayer 19 00:00:51,780 --> 00:00:53,780 is the time of Zuhr, 20 00:00:53,780 --> 00:00:55,780 and that it is performed 21 00:00:55,780 --> 00:00:57,780 after the sun passes the meridian (zawal), 22 00:00:57,780 --> 00:00:59,780 and that it may be delayed until it cools during extreme heat. 23 00:00:59,780 --> 00:01:04,049 Chapter: Walking [to the prayer]. 24 00:01:04,849 --> 00:01:07,459 On the authority of 'Abayah ibn Rifa'ah, 25 00:01:07,459 --> 00:01:09,459 who said: 26 00:01:09,459 --> 00:01:11,459 Abu 'Abs caught up with me 27 00:01:11,459 --> 00:01:13,459 while I was walking to the Friday prayer, 28 00:01:13,459 --> 00:01:15,459 and he said: 29 00:01:15,459 --> 00:01:17,459 I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) 30 00:01:17,459 --> 00:01:19,459 say: 31 00:01:19,459 --> 00:01:21,459 "Anyone whose feet become dusty 32 00:01:21,459 --> 00:01:23,459 in the cause of Allah, 33 00:01:23,459 --> 00:01:25,459 Allah will forbid him from the Fire." 34 00:01:25,459 --> 00:01:28,000 Commentary on the hadith: 35 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:30,379 Abu 'Abs 36 00:01:30,379 --> 00:01:32,379 is 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Jabr 37 00:01:32,379 --> 00:01:34,379 (may Allah be pleased with him). 38 00:01:35,379 --> 00:01:37,379 "Whose feet become dusty" 39 00:01:37,379 --> 00:01:39,379 means covered with dust. 40 00:01:39,379 --> 00:01:41,379 The feet were specifically mentioned 41 00:01:41,379 --> 00:01:43,379 because most of the warriors 42 00:01:43,379 --> 00:01:45,379 at that time were on foot, 43 00:01:45,379 --> 00:01:47,379 and feet inevitably get covered in dust 44 00:01:47,379 --> 00:01:49,379 in all circumstances, 45 00:01:49,379 --> 00:01:51,379 whether the dust is thick 46 00:01:51,379 --> 00:01:53,379 or light; 47 00:01:53,379 --> 00:01:55,379 moreover, the foundation of the child of Adam rests 48 00:01:55,379 --> 00:01:57,379 upon the feet, 49 00:01:57,379 --> 00:01:59,379 so if the feet are saved from the Fire, 50 00:01:59,379 --> 00:02:01,379 the rest of his limbs will be saved from it as well. 51 00:02:01,379 --> 00:02:03,569 Among the benefits of this hadith: 52 00:02:04,370 --> 00:02:07,200 It is derived from this hadith 53 00:02:07,200 --> 00:02:09,199 an explanation of the virtue of walking 54 00:02:09,199 --> 00:02:11,199 to prayer; 55 00:02:11,199 --> 00:02:13,199 and it highlights the virtue of jihad 56 00:02:13,199 --> 00:02:15,229 in the cause of Allah Almighty. 57 00:02:15,229 --> 00:02:17,229 The hadith also contains an indication 58 00:02:17,229 --> 00:02:19,229 that acts of worship are a form 59 00:02:19,229 --> 00:02:21,229 of jihad, 60 00:02:21,229 --> 00:02:23,229 thus requiring patience and steadfast devotion. 61 00:02:23,229 --> 00:02:27,469 Chapter: 62 00:02:27,469 --> 00:02:29,469 A man must not make his brother stand on Friday 63 00:02:29,469 --> 00:02:31,469 so that he may sit in his place. 64 00:02:31,469 --> 00:02:34,180 On the authority of Nafi', 65 00:02:34,180 --> 00:02:36,180 on the authority of Ibn 'Umar, 66 00:02:36,979 --> 00:02:38,979 on the authority of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 67 00:02:38,979 --> 00:02:40,979 that he forbade 68 00:02:40,979 --> 00:02:42,979 making a man stand from his seat 69 00:02:42,979 --> 00:02:44,979 so that another may sit in it; 70 00:02:44,979 --> 00:02:46,979 rather, you should make space 71 00:02:46,979 --> 00:02:49,069 and accommodate one another. 72 00:02:49,069 --> 00:02:51,069 And Ibn 'Umar disliked 73 00:02:51,069 --> 00:02:53,069 that a man should stand up from his seat 74 00:02:53,069 --> 00:02:55,650 and someone else then sit in his place. 75 00:02:55,650 --> 00:02:57,650 Commentary 76 00:02:57,650 --> 00:03:00,189 on the hadith: 77 00:03:00,189 --> 00:03:02,189 "A man must not make his brother stand on Friday 78 00:03:02,189 --> 00:03:04,189 so that he may sit in his place." 79 00:03:04,189 --> 00:03:06,189 The reason for this prohibition 80 00:03:06,990 --> 00:03:08,990 is that it is done only out of arrogance 81 00:03:08,990 --> 00:03:10,990 and contempt for the person being displaced. 82 00:03:10,990 --> 00:03:13,020 "Rather, 83 00:03:13,020 --> 00:03:15,020 make space and accommodate one another" 84 00:03:15,020 --> 00:03:17,020 means: provide the newcomer to 85 00:03:17,020 --> 00:03:19,020 your gathering ample room and space, 86 00:03:19,020 --> 00:03:21,020 and broaden the seating. 87 00:03:21,020 --> 00:03:23,020 This is an etiquette explicitly enjoined by 88 00:03:23,020 --> 00:03:25,340 the Book and the Sunnah. 89 00:03:25,340 --> 00:03:27,340 Among the benefits of this hadith: 90 00:03:27,340 --> 00:03:30,139 It is derived from this hadith 91 00:03:30,139 --> 00:03:32,139 that giving preference to others (ithar) is not allowed 92 00:03:32,139 --> 00:03:34,139 in acts of worship and proximity to Allah. 93 00:03:34,139 --> 00:03:36,139 The hadith also shows that the mosque is the house of Allah, 94 00:03:36,939 --> 00:03:38,939 so whoever arrives first at a place 95 00:03:38,939 --> 00:03:43,020 is more entitled to it. 96 00:03:43,020 --> 00:03:45,020 Chapter: The adhan on Friday. 97 00:03:45,020 --> 00:03:47,500 On the authority of al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, 98 00:03:47,500 --> 00:03:49,500 who said: 99 00:03:49,500 --> 00:03:51,500 The adhan on Friday 100 00:03:51,500 --> 00:03:53,500 was originally called when 101 00:03:53,500 --> 00:03:55,500 the imam sat on Friday 102 00:03:55,500 --> 00:03:57,500 upon the pulpit during the era of 103 00:03:57,500 --> 00:03:59,500 the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 104 00:03:59,500 --> 00:04:01,500 and of Abu Bakr and 'Umar 105 00:04:01,500 --> 00:04:03,500 (may Allah be pleased with them both). 106 00:04:03,500 --> 00:04:05,500 But during the caliphate of 107 00:04:05,500 --> 00:04:07,500 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), 108 00:04:08,300 --> 00:04:10,300 when the people increased in number— 109 00:04:10,300 --> 00:04:12,300 and in another narration: 110 00:04:12,300 --> 00:04:14,300 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) had 111 00:04:14,300 --> 00:04:16,300 no more than one caller to prayer"— 112 00:04:16,300 --> 00:04:18,370 'Uthman ordered on Friday 113 00:04:18,370 --> 00:04:20,370 the third call to prayer (the first adhan), 114 00:04:20,370 --> 00:04:22,370 which was proclaimed 115 00:04:22,370 --> 00:04:24,370 from al-Zawra', 116 00:04:24,370 --> 00:04:26,370 and the matter became established accordingly. 117 00:04:26,370 --> 00:04:28,720 Commentary 118 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:31,040 on the hadith: 119 00:04:31,040 --> 00:04:33,040 Al-Zawra' 120 00:04:33,040 --> 00:04:35,040 was an elevated place near the marketplace of Medina, 121 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:37,040 close to the mosque. 122 00:04:38,220 --> 00:04:40,220 Among the benefits of this hadith: 123 00:04:40,220 --> 00:04:42,930 The hadith demonstrates the obligation of following 124 00:04:42,930 --> 00:04:44,930 the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, 125 00:04:44,930 --> 00:04:46,930 and that the actions of 126 00:04:46,930 --> 00:04:48,930 the leader are governed by the public interest 127 00:04:48,930 --> 00:04:53,139 of the community. 128 00:04:53,139 --> 00:04:55,740 Chapter: Delivering the sermon while standing. 129 00:04:55,740 --> 00:04:57,740 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased 130 00:04:57,740 --> 00:04:59,740 with them both), who said: 131 00:04:59,740 --> 00:05:01,740 The Prophet (peace be upon him) 132 00:05:01,740 --> 00:05:03,740 used to deliver the sermon standing, 133 00:05:03,740 --> 00:05:05,740 then sit down, 134 00:05:05,740 --> 00:05:07,740 then stand up again, 135 00:05:07,740 --> 00:05:10,189 just as you do now. 136 00:05:10,990 --> 00:05:13,250 Commentary on the hadith: 137 00:05:13,250 --> 00:05:15,250 The verb "used to" (kana) 138 00:05:15,250 --> 00:05:17,279 denotes continuity and regularity. 139 00:05:17,279 --> 00:05:19,279 "Just as you do now" 140 00:05:19,279 --> 00:05:21,279 indicates the continuation of 141 00:05:21,279 --> 00:05:23,279 the Prophetic guidance during the era of 142 00:05:23,279 --> 00:05:25,279 the Companions. 143 00:05:25,279 --> 00:05:27,949 Among the benefits of this hadith: 144 00:05:27,949 --> 00:05:29,949 It is derived from this hadith 145 00:05:29,949 --> 00:05:31,949 that the practice of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah 146 00:05:31,949 --> 00:05:33,949 be upon him) 147 00:05:33,949 --> 00:05:35,949 is the benchmark of true guidance, 148 00:05:35,949 --> 00:05:37,949 and that acts of worship are fundamentally founded 149 00:05:37,949 --> 00:05:42,100 upon divine prescription (tawqif). 150 00:05:42,899 --> 00:05:44,899 The imam faces the people, 151 00:05:44,899 --> 00:05:46,899 and the people face the imam 152 00:05:46,899 --> 00:05:49,699 when he delivers the sermon. 153 00:05:49,699 --> 00:05:51,699 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased 154 00:05:51,699 --> 00:05:53,699 with him), 155 00:05:53,699 --> 00:05:55,699 that the Prophet (peace be upon him) 156 00:05:55,699 --> 00:05:57,699 sat one day upon the pulpit, 157 00:05:57,699 --> 00:05:59,699 and we sat around him, 158 00:05:59,699 --> 00:06:01,699 and he said: 159 00:06:01,699 --> 00:06:03,699 "Among the things I fear 160 00:06:03,699 --> 00:06:05,699 for you after I am gone 161 00:06:05,699 --> 00:06:07,699 is what will be opened for you 162 00:06:07,699 --> 00:06:09,699 of the splendor and ornaments of this world." 163 00:06:09,699 --> 00:06:11,920 In one narration: 164 00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:13,980 "of the blessings of the earth." 165 00:06:13,980 --> 00:06:15,980 Then he mentioned the splendor of this world, 166 00:06:15,980 --> 00:06:17,980 beginning with one of them 167 00:06:17,980 --> 00:06:19,980 and following with the other. 168 00:06:19,980 --> 00:06:22,180 Thereupon a man said: 169 00:06:22,180 --> 00:06:24,180 "O Messenger of Allah, 170 00:06:24,180 --> 00:06:26,180 can good bring about evil?" 171 00:06:26,180 --> 00:06:30,180 The Prophet (peace be upon him) remained silent, 172 00:06:30,180 --> 00:06:32,180 so it was said to the man: 173 00:06:32,180 --> 00:06:34,180 "What is the matter with you? 174 00:06:34,180 --> 00:06:36,180 You speak to the Prophet (peace be upon him) 175 00:06:36,180 --> 00:06:38,180 while he does not answer you!" 176 00:06:38,180 --> 00:06:40,300 We then realized that 177 00:06:40,300 --> 00:06:42,529 revelation was descending upon him. 178 00:06:42,529 --> 00:06:44,529 In another narration: 179 00:06:44,529 --> 00:06:46,529 And the people fell silent, 180 00:06:46,529 --> 00:06:48,689 as if birds were perched upon their heads. 181 00:06:48,689 --> 00:06:50,689 He said: 182 00:06:50,689 --> 00:06:52,689 Then the sweat was wiped from him, 183 00:06:52,689 --> 00:06:54,689 and he said: 184 00:06:54,689 --> 00:06:56,689 "Where is the questioner?" 185 00:06:56,689 --> 00:06:58,779 —as if commending him— 186 00:06:58,779 --> 00:07:00,779 and said: 187 00:07:00,779 --> 00:07:02,779 "Good does not bring about evil, 188 00:07:02,779 --> 00:07:04,779 but among what the spring vegetation produces 189 00:07:04,779 --> 00:07:06,779 is that which kills or brings near to death—" 190 00:07:06,779 --> 00:07:08,779 in another narration: 191 00:07:08,779 --> 00:07:10,779 "kills by bloating— 192 00:07:10,779 --> 00:07:12,779 except for the vegetation-eating animal: 193 00:07:12,779 --> 00:07:14,779 it eats, 194 00:07:14,779 --> 00:07:16,779 and when its flanks are full, 195 00:07:16,779 --> 00:07:18,779 it faces the sun, 196 00:07:18,779 --> 00:07:20,779 defecates, 197 00:07:20,779 --> 00:07:22,779 urinates, and returns to graze. 198 00:07:22,779 --> 00:07:24,779 Indeed, this wealth 199 00:07:24,779 --> 00:07:26,779 "is sweet and green. 200 00:07:26,779 --> 00:07:28,779 What an excellent companion it is for a Muslim 201 00:07:28,779 --> 00:07:30,779 when he gives from it to the needy, 202 00:07:30,779 --> 00:07:32,779 the orphan, and the traveler," 203 00:07:32,779 --> 00:07:34,779 or as the Prophet, 204 00:07:34,779 --> 00:07:36,779 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 205 00:07:36,779 --> 00:07:38,819 "And whoever takes it 206 00:07:38,819 --> 00:07:40,819 without right 207 00:07:40,819 --> 00:07:42,819 is like one who eats and is never satisfied, 208 00:07:42,819 --> 00:07:44,819 and it will be a witness 209 00:07:44,819 --> 00:07:46,819 against him on the Day of Resurrection." 210 00:07:46,819 --> 00:07:49,259 Commentary 211 00:07:49,259 --> 00:07:51,810 on the hadith: 212 00:07:51,810 --> 00:07:53,810 "The splendor and adornment of the world," 213 00:07:53,810 --> 00:07:55,810 meaning its beauty and allure. 214 00:07:55,810 --> 00:07:57,870 "So the Prophet fell silent," 215 00:07:57,870 --> 00:07:59,870 peace be upon him, 216 00:07:59,870 --> 00:08:01,870 meaning waiting for divine revelation. 217 00:08:01,870 --> 00:08:03,970 "Al-Ruhada'" 218 00:08:03,970 --> 00:08:05,970 means profuse sweating. 219 00:08:05,970 --> 00:08:08,060 "And it was as if he praised him": 220 00:08:08,060 --> 00:08:10,060 when they saw that the Prophet, 221 00:08:10,060 --> 00:08:12,060 peace be upon him, 222 00:08:12,060 --> 00:08:14,060 inquired about him in an approving manner, 223 00:08:14,060 --> 00:08:16,060 they knew that he was praising him. 224 00:08:16,060 --> 00:08:18,220 "Among what spring produces 225 00:08:18,220 --> 00:08:20,220 kills or brings close to death," 226 00:08:20,220 --> 00:08:22,220 derived from "ilmām," 227 00:08:22,220 --> 00:08:24,220 meaning to approach and come near 228 00:08:24,220 --> 00:08:26,220 to destruction. 229 00:08:26,220 --> 00:08:28,220 "Except the vegetation-eating animal": 230 00:08:28,220 --> 00:08:30,220 out of everything spring produces, 231 00:08:30,220 --> 00:08:32,220 there is that which kills whoever eats it, 232 00:08:32,220 --> 00:08:34,220 except for the vegetation eater when it is moderate in what 233 00:08:34,220 --> 00:08:36,220 it consumes, 234 00:08:36,220 --> 00:08:38,220 taking care to avoid what would lead it 235 00:08:38,220 --> 00:08:40,539 to perish. 236 00:08:40,539 --> 00:08:42,539 "Its flanks swelled," 237 00:08:42,539 --> 00:08:44,539 meaning filled to full satiety, 238 00:08:44,539 --> 00:08:46,580 and its sides expanded. 239 00:08:46,580 --> 00:08:48,580 "So it excreted," 240 00:08:48,580 --> 00:08:50,580 meaning it discharged dung. 241 00:08:50,580 --> 00:08:52,769 "It grazed," 242 00:08:52,769 --> 00:08:54,769 meaning it grazed on spring pastures. 243 00:08:54,769 --> 00:08:56,769 "This wealth is sweet and green," 244 00:08:56,769 --> 00:08:58,960 meaning in its pleasantness 245 00:08:58,960 --> 00:09:00,960 and attractive luster. 246 00:09:00,960 --> 00:09:02,960 "Whoever takes it without right," 247 00:09:02,960 --> 00:09:04,960 or without any need for it, 248 00:09:04,960 --> 00:09:06,960 and fails to discharge its required 249 00:09:06,960 --> 00:09:08,990 obligation, 250 00:09:08,990 --> 00:09:10,990 "dies of bloating," 251 00:09:10,990 --> 00:09:12,990 meaning the animal perishes 252 00:09:12,990 --> 00:09:15,220 due to overeating. 253 00:09:15,220 --> 00:09:17,220 Points of benefit from the hadith: 254 00:09:17,220 --> 00:09:19,860 It is derived from the hadith 255 00:09:19,860 --> 00:09:21,860 that it is permissible to coin parables 256 00:09:21,860 --> 00:09:23,860 using lowly things 257 00:09:23,860 --> 00:09:25,860 and base expressions, 258 00:09:25,860 --> 00:09:27,860 such as urine and the like. 259 00:09:27,860 --> 00:09:29,860 It also shows that a student may present 260 00:09:29,860 --> 00:09:31,860 ambiguous matters before a scholar, 261 00:09:31,860 --> 00:09:33,860 and that a scholar, when asked about something, 262 00:09:33,860 --> 00:09:35,860 may delay the answer 263 00:09:35,860 --> 00:09:37,860 until the matter becomes clear 264 00:09:37,860 --> 00:09:39,860 and he attains certainty. 265 00:09:39,860 --> 00:09:41,919 The hadith also shows that a question, 266 00:09:41,919 --> 00:09:43,919 if it is out of place, 267 00:09:43,919 --> 00:09:45,919 may be disapproved of to the questioner. 268 00:09:45,919 --> 00:09:47,919 It also indicates that Allah Almighty 269 00:09:47,919 --> 00:09:49,919 does not bless wealth 270 00:09:49,919 --> 00:09:51,919 that is unlawful. 271 00:09:51,919 --> 00:09:53,919 The hadith also shows that a scholar 272 00:09:53,919 --> 00:09:55,919 should warn those who sit with him 273 00:09:55,919 --> 00:09:57,919 against the trial of wealth, 274 00:09:57,919 --> 00:09:59,919 alerting them to pitfalls of danger. 275 00:09:59,919 --> 00:10:01,919 It contains an exhortation to moderation 276 00:10:01,919 --> 00:10:03,919 in wealth, 277 00:10:03,919 --> 00:10:05,919 and to restrict oneself in worldly matters 278 00:10:05,919 --> 00:10:07,919 to bare sufficiency. 279 00:10:07,919 --> 00:10:09,919 It also contains an encouragement to give charity 280 00:10:09,919 --> 00:10:11,919 and to abandon withholding. 281 00:10:11,919 --> 00:10:13,919 It clarifies that wealth 282 00:10:13,919 --> 00:10:15,919 is the adornment of the life of this world, 283 00:10:15,919 --> 00:10:17,919 as stated in the Wise Remembrance. 284 00:10:17,919 --> 00:10:19,919 It shows that asking questions 285 00:10:19,919 --> 00:10:21,919 is the key to knowledge, 286 00:10:21,919 --> 00:10:23,919 and it contains praise for the sensible questioner. 287 00:10:23,919 --> 00:10:25,919 It indicates the legitimacy 288 00:10:25,919 --> 00:10:27,919 of answering a question 289 00:10:27,919 --> 00:10:29,919 based on the questioner's understanding, 290 00:10:29,919 --> 00:10:31,919 which is more impactful on the soul. 291 00:10:31,919 --> 00:10:33,919 The hadith shows that people 292 00:10:33,919 --> 00:10:35,919 regarding worldly wealth are of various categories: 293 00:10:35,919 --> 00:10:37,919 some amass it without right, 294 00:10:37,919 --> 00:10:39,919 some are moderate, 295 00:10:39,919 --> 00:10:41,919 and others are otherwise. 296 00:10:41,919 --> 00:10:46,029 Chapter: Whoever says 297 00:10:46,029 --> 00:10:48,029 in the sermon, after 298 00:10:48,029 --> 00:10:50,029 the praise: "Amma ba'd" (To proceed). 299 00:10:50,029 --> 00:10:52,860 On the authority of 'Amr ibn Taghlib: 300 00:10:52,860 --> 00:10:54,860 The Messenger of Allah, 301 00:10:54,860 --> 00:10:56,860 peace be upon him, 302 00:10:56,860 --> 00:10:58,860 was brought wealth or captives, 303 00:10:58,860 --> 00:11:00,860 and he distributed them. 304 00:11:00,860 --> 00:11:02,860 He gave to some men and withheld from others, 305 00:11:02,860 --> 00:11:04,899 and it reached him 306 00:11:04,899 --> 00:11:06,899 that those who were withheld from 307 00:11:06,899 --> 00:11:08,929 felt aggrieved. 308 00:11:08,929 --> 00:11:10,929 So he praised Allah 309 00:11:10,929 --> 00:11:12,929 and extolled Him, 310 00:11:12,929 --> 00:11:14,929 and then said: 311 00:11:14,929 --> 00:11:16,929 "To proceed: 312 00:11:16,929 --> 00:11:18,929 By Allah, I give to a man 313 00:11:18,929 --> 00:11:20,929 and leave another, 314 00:11:20,929 --> 00:11:22,929 yet the one I leave is dearer to me than the one 315 00:11:22,929 --> 00:11:24,929 I give to. 316 00:11:24,929 --> 00:11:26,929 But I give to some people 317 00:11:26,929 --> 00:11:28,929 out of their impatience and anxiety." 318 00:11:28,929 --> 00:11:31,120 In another narration: 319 00:11:31,120 --> 00:11:33,120 "I give to a people 320 00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:35,120 fearing their wavering and anxiety, 321 00:11:35,120 --> 00:11:37,179 and I entrust other people 322 00:11:37,179 --> 00:11:39,179 to what Allah has placed 323 00:11:39,179 --> 00:11:41,179 in their hearts of inner wealth 324 00:11:41,179 --> 00:11:43,179 and goodness, among whom is 'Amr ibn Taghlib." 325 00:11:43,179 --> 00:11:45,279 'Amr said: 326 00:11:45,279 --> 00:11:47,279 "By Allah, I would not exchange 327 00:11:47,279 --> 00:11:49,279 the statement of 328 00:11:49,279 --> 00:11:51,279 the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 329 00:11:51,279 --> 00:11:53,279 for red camels." 330 00:11:53,279 --> 00:11:55,919 Commentary 331 00:11:55,919 --> 00:11:58,269 on the hadith: 332 00:11:58,269 --> 00:12:00,269 "Or captives, and he distributed them," 333 00:12:00,269 --> 00:12:02,269 meaning among those entitled to them. 334 00:12:02,269 --> 00:12:04,299 "They felt aggrieved," 335 00:12:04,299 --> 00:12:06,340 because they were deprived of the distribution. 336 00:12:06,340 --> 00:12:08,340 "Amma ba'd" (To proceed), 337 00:12:08,340 --> 00:12:10,340 meaning: after praising Allah 338 00:12:10,340 --> 00:12:12,500 and extolling Him. 339 00:12:12,500 --> 00:12:14,500 "And I leave a man," 340 00:12:14,500 --> 00:12:16,500 meaning: I withhold and do not give to that man. 341 00:12:16,500 --> 00:12:18,529 "Out of impatience," 342 00:12:18,529 --> 00:12:20,529 which is the opposite of patience, 343 00:12:20,529 --> 00:12:22,529 namely panic. 344 00:12:22,529 --> 00:12:24,529 "And anxiety," meaning intense 345 00:12:24,529 --> 00:12:26,590 panic and fear. 346 00:12:26,590 --> 00:12:28,590 "And I entrust other people to what 347 00:12:28,590 --> 00:12:30,590 Allah has placed in their hearts of inner wealth 348 00:12:30,590 --> 00:12:32,590 and goodness," meaning: 349 00:12:32,590 --> 00:12:34,590 I leave them with what Allah Almighty 350 00:12:34,590 --> 00:12:36,590 has granted them of contentment of soul, 351 00:12:36,590 --> 00:12:38,590 for they were patient and restrained themselves 352 00:12:38,590 --> 00:12:40,879 from begging and greed. 353 00:12:40,879 --> 00:12:42,879 "Red camels," 354 00:12:42,879 --> 00:12:44,879 meaning the finest, most precious, 355 00:12:44,879 --> 00:12:47,460 and most prized of camels. 356 00:12:47,460 --> 00:12:49,460 Points of benefit from the hadith: 357 00:12:49,460 --> 00:12:52,100 It is derived from the hadith 358 00:12:52,100 --> 00:12:54,100 that it was part of the complete compassion 359 00:12:54,100 --> 00:12:56,100 of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 360 00:12:56,100 --> 00:12:58,100 to win over the hearts 361 00:12:58,100 --> 00:13:00,259 of some people. 362 00:13:00,259 --> 00:13:02,259 The hadith shows that true wealth is not 363 00:13:02,259 --> 00:13:04,259 an abundance of worldly goods; 364 00:13:04,259 --> 00:13:06,259 rather, true wealth is the wealth of the soul. 365 00:13:06,259 --> 00:13:08,259 It highlights the virtue 366 00:13:08,259 --> 00:13:10,259 of 'Amr ibn Taghlib, may Allah be pleased with him, 367 00:13:10,259 --> 00:13:12,259 in that his heart possessed inner wealth. 368 00:13:12,259 --> 00:13:14,259 It also shows the legitimacy 369 00:13:14,259 --> 00:13:16,259 of praising others 370 00:13:16,259 --> 00:13:18,259 when they are safe from vanity. 371 00:13:18,259 --> 00:13:22,460 On the authority of 'A'ishah, 372 00:13:22,460 --> 00:13:24,460 may Allah be pleased with her: 373 00:13:24,460 --> 00:13:26,460 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 374 00:13:26,460 --> 00:13:28,460 went out one night 375 00:13:28,460 --> 00:13:30,460 in the middle of the night 376 00:13:30,460 --> 00:13:32,460 and prayed in the mosque, 377 00:13:32,460 --> 00:13:34,460 and some men prayed along with him. 378 00:13:34,460 --> 00:13:36,460 In the morning, the people 379 00:13:36,460 --> 00:13:38,460 talked about it, 380 00:13:38,460 --> 00:13:40,460 so a greater number gathered 381 00:13:40,460 --> 00:13:42,460 and prayed 382 00:13:42,460 --> 00:13:44,460 with him. 383 00:13:44,460 --> 00:13:46,460 In the morning, the people talked about it, 384 00:13:46,460 --> 00:13:48,460 and the attendees in the mosque increased 385 00:13:48,460 --> 00:13:50,529 on the third night. 386 00:13:50,529 --> 00:13:52,529 The Messenger of Allah, 387 00:13:52,529 --> 00:13:54,529 peace be upon him, went out 388 00:13:54,529 --> 00:13:56,529 and they prayed 389 00:13:56,529 --> 00:13:58,590 following his prayer. 390 00:13:58,590 --> 00:14:00,590 When the fourth night arrived, 391 00:14:00,590 --> 00:14:02,590 the mosque could not hold its congregation, 392 00:14:02,590 --> 00:14:04,590 until he came out 393 00:14:04,590 --> 00:14:06,620 for the dawn prayer. 394 00:14:06,620 --> 00:14:08,620 When he finished the Fajr prayer, 395 00:14:08,620 --> 00:14:10,620 he faced the people, 396 00:14:10,620 --> 00:14:12,620 recited the testimony of faith, and then said: 397 00:14:12,620 --> 00:14:14,620 "To proceed: 398 00:14:14,620 --> 00:14:16,620 It was not hidden 399 00:14:16,620 --> 00:14:18,620 from me where you were, 400 00:14:18,620 --> 00:14:20,620 but I feared that it might be made obligatory 401 00:14:20,620 --> 00:14:22,620 upon you, and then you would be unable 402 00:14:22,620 --> 00:14:24,779 to maintain it." 403 00:14:24,779 --> 00:14:26,779 In one narration: 404 00:14:26,779 --> 00:14:28,779 "And that was during Ramadan, 405 00:14:28,779 --> 00:14:30,779 and the Messenger of Allah, 406 00:14:30,779 --> 00:14:32,779 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away 407 00:14:32,779 --> 00:14:35,419 while the matter remained as such." 408 00:14:35,419 --> 00:14:37,840 Commentary on the hadith: 409 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:39,840 "In the depth of the night," 410 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:41,840 meaning deep within it and at its midpoint. 411 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:43,940 "And some men prayed 412 00:14:43,940 --> 00:14:45,940 following his prayer," 413 00:14:45,940 --> 00:14:47,940 meaning following his lead, peace be upon him. 414 00:14:47,940 --> 00:14:50,000 "So they spoke about it," 415 00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:52,000 meaning they spoke of their night prayer 416 00:14:52,000 --> 00:14:54,000 with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 417 00:14:54,000 --> 00:14:56,129 "The mosque was too small 418 00:14:56,129 --> 00:14:58,129 to hold its people," 419 00:14:58,129 --> 00:15:00,129 meaning it became cramped and crowded for them. 420 00:15:00,129 --> 00:15:02,220 "It was not hidden from me 421 00:15:02,220 --> 00:15:04,220 where you were," 422 00:15:04,220 --> 00:15:06,220 meaning your gathering and your waiting 423 00:15:06,220 --> 00:15:08,289 for the prayer. 424 00:15:08,289 --> 00:15:10,289 "And then you would be unable to maintain it," 425 00:15:10,289 --> 00:15:12,289 meaning you would not bear it 426 00:15:12,289 --> 00:15:14,769 nor be able to perform it consistently. 427 00:15:14,769 --> 00:15:17,500 Key benefits of the hadith: 428 00:15:17,500 --> 00:15:19,500 From this hadith, it is deduced that 429 00:15:19,500 --> 00:15:21,500 it is permissible to follow in prayer 430 00:15:21,500 --> 00:15:23,500 an imam who did not intend to serve 431 00:15:23,500 --> 00:15:25,500 as an imam for that particular prayer, 432 00:15:25,500 --> 00:15:27,500 because the people followed him, 433 00:15:27,500 --> 00:15:29,500 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 434 00:15:29,500 --> 00:15:31,500 from behind the barrier, 435 00:15:31,500 --> 00:15:33,500 while he had not formed the intention with them 436 00:15:33,500 --> 00:15:35,600 to lead them as an imam. 437 00:15:35,600 --> 00:15:37,600 The hadith also indicates that performing voluntary prayers 438 00:15:37,600 --> 00:15:39,600 at home is preferable. 439 00:15:39,600 --> 00:15:41,600 It also establishes the permissibility of performing voluntary prayers 440 00:15:41,600 --> 00:15:43,600 in congregation. 441 00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:45,600 It also demonstrates the complete compassion 442 00:15:45,600 --> 00:15:47,600 of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 443 00:15:47,600 --> 00:15:49,659 It also shows the eagerness of the Companions, 444 00:15:49,659 --> 00:15:51,659 may Allah be pleased with them, 445 00:15:51,659 --> 00:15:53,659 to emulate the actions of the Prophet, 446 00:15:53,659 --> 00:15:55,659 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 447 00:15:55,659 --> 00:15:57,659 and his ways. 448 00:15:57,659 --> 00:15:59,659 It also proves that clarifying a ruling must not be delayed 449 00:15:59,659 --> 00:16:01,659 beyond the time of need. 450 00:16:01,659 --> 00:16:03,659 It also indicates that priority must be given to what is most important 451 00:16:03,659 --> 00:16:05,659 when an apparent benefit clashes 452 00:16:05,659 --> 00:16:09,710 with the fear of harm. 453 00:16:09,710 --> 00:16:11,710 On the authority of Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi, 454 00:16:11,710 --> 00:16:13,710 who said: "The Messenger of Allah, 455 00:16:13,710 --> 00:16:15,710 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, appointed 456 00:16:15,710 --> 00:16:17,710 a man to collect zakat, 457 00:16:17,710 --> 00:16:19,710 called Ibn al-Lutbiyyah." 458 00:16:19,710 --> 00:16:21,870 In one narration: 459 00:16:21,870 --> 00:16:23,870 "from the tribe of Banu Asad, 460 00:16:23,870 --> 00:16:25,870 called Ibn al-Utbiyyah." 461 00:16:25,870 --> 00:16:27,870 And in another narration: 462 00:16:27,870 --> 00:16:30,159 "from al-Azd. 463 00:16:30,159 --> 00:16:32,159 When he returned, 464 00:16:32,159 --> 00:16:34,190 the Prophet called him to account. 465 00:16:34,190 --> 00:16:36,190 He said: 'This is your wealth, 466 00:16:36,190 --> 00:16:38,190 and this was given to me as a gift.' 467 00:16:38,190 --> 00:16:40,190 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah, 468 00:16:40,190 --> 00:16:42,190 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 469 00:16:42,190 --> 00:16:44,190 'Why did you not sit in the house 470 00:16:44,190 --> 00:16:46,190 of your father and mother, 471 00:16:46,190 --> 00:16:48,190 and see whether your gift would come to you, 472 00:16:48,190 --> 00:16:50,259 if you are truthful?!' 473 00:16:50,259 --> 00:16:52,259 Then he delivered a sermon to us." 474 00:16:52,259 --> 00:16:54,259 In one narration: 475 00:16:54,259 --> 00:16:56,259 "Then the Messenger of Allah, 476 00:16:56,259 --> 00:16:58,259 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stood up in the evening 477 00:16:58,259 --> 00:17:00,320 after the prayer, 478 00:17:00,320 --> 00:17:02,320 praised Allah and extolled Him, 479 00:17:02,320 --> 00:17:04,319 and then said: 480 00:17:04,319 --> 00:17:06,319 'To proceed: 481 00:17:06,319 --> 00:17:08,319 Indeed, I appoint a man 482 00:17:08,319 --> 00:17:10,319 among you to do an assignment 483 00:17:10,319 --> 00:17:12,319 from that which Allah has entrusted to me, 484 00:17:12,319 --> 00:17:14,319 and he comes and says: 485 00:17:14,319 --> 00:17:16,319 "This is your wealth, 486 00:17:16,319 --> 00:17:18,319 and this was a gift presented to me." 487 00:17:18,319 --> 00:17:20,579 Why did he not sit in 488 00:17:20,579 --> 00:17:22,579 the house of his father and mother 489 00:17:22,579 --> 00:17:24,640 to see whether his gift would come to him?! 490 00:17:24,640 --> 00:17:26,640 By Allah, no one takes—' 491 00:17:26,640 --> 00:17:28,640 In another narration: 492 00:17:28,640 --> 00:17:30,640 'By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, 493 00:17:30,640 --> 00:17:32,640 none of you misappropriates 494 00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:34,640 anything of it 495 00:17:34,640 --> 00:17:36,640 unlawfully 496 00:17:36,640 --> 00:17:38,640 except that he will meet Allah carrying it 497 00:17:38,640 --> 00:17:40,670 on the Day of Resurrection! 498 00:17:40,670 --> 00:17:42,670 Let me not find any of you coming before 499 00:17:42,670 --> 00:17:44,670 Allah carrying a camel that 500 00:17:44,670 --> 00:17:46,670 is grunting, 501 00:17:46,670 --> 00:17:48,670 or a cow that is lowing, 502 00:17:48,670 --> 00:17:50,769 or a sheep that is bleating!' 503 00:17:50,769 --> 00:17:52,769 Then he raised his hands so high that 504 00:17:52,769 --> 00:17:54,769 the whiteness of his armpits could be seen, 505 00:17:54,769 --> 00:17:56,769 saying: 506 00:17:56,769 --> 00:17:58,769 'O Allah, have I conveyed the message?'" 507 00:17:58,769 --> 00:18:00,769 In one narration: 508 00:18:00,769 --> 00:18:02,769 "three times. 509 00:18:02,769 --> 00:18:04,900 'My own eyes saw him, and my own ears heard him.'" 510 00:18:04,900 --> 00:18:06,900 In one narration: 511 00:18:06,900 --> 00:18:08,900 "'And ask Zayd Ibn Thabit, 512 00:18:08,900 --> 00:18:10,900 for he heard it along with me.'" 513 00:18:10,900 --> 00:18:13,220 Commentary on the hadith: 514 00:18:13,220 --> 00:18:15,599 "Called Ibn al-Lutbiyyah": 515 00:18:15,599 --> 00:18:17,599 he was 'Abdullah 516 00:18:17,599 --> 00:18:19,730 Ibn al-Lutbiyyah, 517 00:18:19,730 --> 00:18:21,730 appointed over the zakat of Banu Sulaym, 518 00:18:21,730 --> 00:18:23,730 meaning to collect and receive 519 00:18:23,730 --> 00:18:25,759 the zakat of Banu Sulaym. 520 00:18:25,759 --> 00:18:27,759 "He called him to account," 521 00:18:27,759 --> 00:18:29,759 meaning concerning his official post and what he did during it. 522 00:18:29,759 --> 00:18:31,789 "This is your wealth," 523 00:18:31,789 --> 00:18:33,789 meaning these are the zakat funds 524 00:18:33,789 --> 00:18:35,789 that I was sent to collect. 525 00:18:35,789 --> 00:18:37,859 "From that which Allah has entrusted to me," 526 00:18:37,859 --> 00:18:39,859 meaning the supreme authority, 527 00:18:39,859 --> 00:18:41,859 which is governance; 528 00:18:41,859 --> 00:18:43,859 for it is the ruler who collects 529 00:18:43,859 --> 00:18:45,859 the zakat in order to distribute it 530 00:18:45,859 --> 00:18:47,859 to its designated avenues. 531 00:18:47,980 --> 00:18:49,980 "Carrying it," 532 00:18:49,980 --> 00:18:51,980 meaning carrying it upon his neck. 533 00:18:51,980 --> 00:18:53,980 "That is grunting," 534 00:18:53,980 --> 00:18:55,980 which is the sound of a camel. 535 00:18:55,980 --> 00:18:57,980 "That is lowing," 536 00:18:57,980 --> 00:18:59,980 which is the sound of a cow. 537 00:18:59,980 --> 00:19:01,980 "Bleating," meaning crying out. 538 00:19:01,980 --> 00:19:03,980 "My own eyes saw him, and my own ears heard him," 539 00:19:03,980 --> 00:19:05,980 meaning I personally witnessed the Prophet, 540 00:19:05,980 --> 00:19:07,980 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 541 00:19:07,980 --> 00:19:09,980 at the time of making that statement. 542 00:19:15,259 --> 00:19:17,259 The hadith serves as a foundational basis for oversight and accountability 543 00:19:17,259 --> 00:19:19,259 regarding public officials. 544 00:19:19,259 --> 00:19:21,259 The hadith also indicates 545 00:19:21,259 --> 00:19:23,259 that gifts given to a public official must be returned. 546 00:19:23,259 --> 00:19:25,420 The hadith also indicates 547 00:19:25,420 --> 00:19:27,420 that gifts given to public officials belong entirely 548 00:19:27,420 --> 00:19:29,420 to the public wealth of the Muslims. 549 00:19:29,420 --> 00:19:31,420 It also demonstrates the legitimacy of gentle reprimand 550 00:19:31,420 --> 00:19:33,420 when commanding what is right 551 00:19:33,420 --> 00:19:35,420 and forbidding what is wrong. 552 00:19:35,420 --> 00:19:37,420 It also establishes the permissibility of swearing an oath to emphasize matters. 553 00:19:37,420 --> 00:19:39,420 The hadith also indicates 554 00:19:39,420 --> 00:19:41,420 that gifts given to public officials 555 00:19:41,420 --> 00:19:43,420 constitute unlawful misappropriation (ghulul), 556 00:19:43,420 --> 00:19:45,420 and if accompanied by favoritism, 557 00:19:45,420 --> 00:19:47,420 they amount to bribery. 558 00:19:47,420 --> 00:19:49,420 It also proves that the recompense 559 00:19:49,420 --> 00:19:51,420 corresponds directly to the nature of the deed. 560 00:19:51,420 --> 00:19:53,420 It also establishes the prohibition 561 00:19:53,420 --> 00:19:57,059 of bribery and misappropriation of public funds. 562 00:19:57,059 --> 00:19:59,059 On the authority of al-Miswar Ibn Makhramah, 563 00:19:59,059 --> 00:20:01,059 who said: "Indeed, 'Ali 564 00:20:01,059 --> 00:20:03,059 proposed to the daughter of Abu Jahl. 565 00:20:03,059 --> 00:20:05,059 When Fatimah heard of that, 566 00:20:05,059 --> 00:20:07,059 she came to the Messenger 567 00:20:07,059 --> 00:20:09,059 of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 568 00:20:09,059 --> 00:20:11,059 and said: 569 00:20:11,059 --> 00:20:13,059 'Your people claim that you 570 00:20:13,059 --> 00:20:15,059 do not get angry on behalf of your daughters, 571 00:20:15,059 --> 00:20:17,059 and here is 'Ali 572 00:20:17,059 --> 00:20:19,059 intending to marry the daughter of Abu Jahl!' 573 00:20:19,059 --> 00:20:21,059 So the Messenger of Allah, 574 00:20:21,059 --> 00:20:23,059 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stood up, 575 00:20:23,059 --> 00:20:25,059 and I heard him when he 576 00:20:25,059 --> 00:20:27,059 recited the testimony of faith, saying: 577 00:20:27,059 --> 00:20:29,150 'To proceed: 578 00:20:29,150 --> 00:20:31,279 [In one narration: Indeed, 579 00:20:31,279 --> 00:20:33,279 the clan of Hisham Ibn al-Mughirah 580 00:20:33,279 --> 00:20:35,279 sought my permission to give in marriage 581 00:20:35,279 --> 00:20:37,279 their daughter to 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib, 582 00:20:37,279 --> 00:20:39,279 but I do not grant permission, 583 00:20:39,279 --> 00:20:41,279 then I do not grant permission, 584 00:20:41,279 --> 00:20:43,279 then I do not grant permission, 585 00:20:43,279 --> 00:20:45,279 unless 586 00:20:45,279 --> 00:20:47,279 Ibn Abi Talib wishes to divorce 587 00:20:47,279 --> 00:20:49,279 my daughter and marry their daughter.] 588 00:20:49,279 --> 00:20:51,380 I gave my daughter in marriage to Abu al-'As 589 00:20:51,380 --> 00:20:53,380 Ibn al-Rabi', 590 00:20:53,380 --> 00:20:55,380 and he spoke to me and was truthful to me.'" 591 00:20:55,380 --> 00:20:57,539 In one narration: 592 00:20:57,539 --> 00:20:59,539 "'And he promised me and fulfilled his promise to me. 593 00:20:59,539 --> 00:21:01,539 And I do not forbid 594 00:21:01,539 --> 00:21:03,539 what is lawful, nor do I make lawful [what is forbidden], 595 00:21:04,539 --> 00:21:06,539 "And Fatimah 596 00:21:06,539 --> 00:21:08,539 is a part of me; 597 00:21:08,539 --> 00:21:10,539 I dislike whatever distresses her." 598 00:21:10,539 --> 00:21:12,599 In another narration: 599 00:21:12,599 --> 00:21:14,599 "Whoever angers her angers me." 600 00:21:14,599 --> 00:21:16,660 And in another narration: 601 00:21:16,660 --> 00:21:18,660 "And I fear 602 00:21:18,660 --> 00:21:20,660 that she may be tested in her religion." 603 00:21:20,660 --> 00:21:22,660 And in another narration: 604 00:21:22,660 --> 00:21:24,660 "Whatever troubles her troubles me, 605 00:21:24,660 --> 00:21:26,660 and whatever harms her 606 00:21:26,660 --> 00:21:28,859 harms me. 607 00:21:28,859 --> 00:21:30,859 By Allah, there shall never be gathered together 608 00:21:30,859 --> 00:21:32,859 the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 609 00:21:32,859 --> 00:21:34,859 and the daughter of the enemy of Allah 610 00:21:34,859 --> 00:21:36,859 under one man." 611 00:21:36,859 --> 00:21:38,950 Thereupon, 'Ali abandoned the marriage proposal. 612 00:21:38,950 --> 00:21:41,369 Commentary 613 00:21:41,369 --> 00:21:43,369 on the hadith: 614 00:21:43,369 --> 00:21:45,779 He proposed to the daughter of Abu Jahl; 615 00:21:45,779 --> 00:21:47,779 it was said her name was Juwayriyah, 616 00:21:47,779 --> 00:21:49,779 or Al-'Awra', 617 00:21:49,779 --> 00:21:51,779 among other opinions. 618 00:21:51,779 --> 00:21:53,880 "Your people claim": 619 00:21:53,880 --> 00:21:55,880 meaning, they say and circulate 620 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:57,940 this rumor. 621 00:21:57,940 --> 00:21:59,940 "I gave [my daughter] in marriage to Abu al-'As ibn al-Rabi'": 622 00:21:59,940 --> 00:22:01,940 meaning, he married him to Zaynab, 623 00:22:01,940 --> 00:22:03,940 the daughter of Muhammad, peace be upon him, 624 00:22:03,940 --> 00:22:05,940 may Allah be pleased with her. 625 00:22:05,940 --> 00:22:08,069 And his saying: 626 00:22:08,069 --> 00:22:10,069 "I do not permit it, 627 00:22:10,069 --> 00:22:12,069 then I do not permit it, 628 00:22:12,069 --> 00:22:14,069 then I do not permit it," 629 00:22:14,069 --> 00:22:16,069 demonstrates his complete compassion, peace be upon him, 630 00:22:16,069 --> 00:22:18,069 toward his Ummah, 631 00:22:18,069 --> 00:22:20,069 including the daughter of Abu Jahl; 632 00:22:20,069 --> 00:22:22,069 for if she were to become 633 00:22:22,069 --> 00:22:24,069 a co-wife to Fatimah, 634 00:22:24,069 --> 00:22:26,069 and what naturally occurs between co-wives were to happen, 635 00:22:26,069 --> 00:22:28,069 she might cause her distress, 636 00:22:28,069 --> 00:22:30,069 and consequently, 637 00:22:30,069 --> 00:22:32,069 that would cause distress to the Messenger of Allah, 638 00:22:32,069 --> 00:22:34,069 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 639 00:22:34,069 --> 00:22:36,069 and she would be ruined on account of that. 640 00:22:36,069 --> 00:22:38,259 "He spoke to me and was truthful with me": 641 00:22:38,259 --> 00:22:40,259 as if he intended 642 00:22:40,259 --> 00:22:42,259 thereby that he had 643 00:22:42,259 --> 00:22:44,259 stipulated to Abu al-'As 644 00:22:44,259 --> 00:22:46,259 not to take another wife over Zaynab, 645 00:22:46,259 --> 00:22:48,259 and he remained true to his condition; 646 00:22:48,259 --> 00:22:50,259 thus, the Prophet, 647 00:22:50,259 --> 00:22:52,259 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, thanked him 648 00:22:52,259 --> 00:22:54,259 by commending his loyalty 649 00:22:54,259 --> 00:22:56,329 and truthfulness. 650 00:22:56,329 --> 00:22:58,329 "A part of me": 651 00:22:58,329 --> 00:23:00,390 meaning, a piece of me. 652 00:23:00,390 --> 00:23:02,390 "Whatever distresses her": 653 00:23:02,390 --> 00:23:04,390 meaning, that harm should befall her 654 00:23:04,390 --> 00:23:06,869 through this marriage. 655 00:23:06,869 --> 00:23:09,480 Among the benefits of the hadith: 656 00:23:09,480 --> 00:23:11,480 It is derived from the hadith 657 00:23:11,480 --> 00:23:13,480 an explanation of the Prophet's complete compassion, 658 00:23:13,480 --> 00:23:15,480 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 659 00:23:15,480 --> 00:23:17,480 toward his daughter and his Ummah. 660 00:23:17,480 --> 00:23:19,480 In it is the permissibility 661 00:23:19,480 --> 00:23:21,480 of a daughter expressing grievance to her father. 662 00:23:21,480 --> 00:23:23,509 And in the hadith: 663 00:23:23,509 --> 00:23:25,509 jealousy is an innate human disposition 664 00:23:25,509 --> 00:23:27,509 from which even the righteous are not immune. 665 00:23:27,509 --> 00:23:29,509 In it is encouragement 666 00:23:29,509 --> 00:23:31,509 to fulfill agreed-upon conditions, 667 00:23:31,509 --> 00:23:33,509 and praise for those who are truthful 668 00:23:33,509 --> 00:23:35,509 and faithful to their covenants. 669 00:23:35,509 --> 00:23:37,509 In it is the permissibility of swearing an oath 670 00:23:37,509 --> 00:23:39,539 regarding permissible matters. 671 00:23:39,539 --> 00:23:41,539 And in the hadith is a recommendation 672 00:23:41,539 --> 00:23:43,579 for a Muslim to fulfill the oath of his brother. 673 00:23:43,579 --> 00:23:45,579 In it is the legitimacy 674 00:23:45,579 --> 00:23:47,579 of foregoing a permissible act for a preponderant 675 00:23:47,579 --> 00:23:49,609 interest. 676 00:23:49,609 --> 00:23:51,609 In it is the prohibition of harming 677 00:23:51,609 --> 00:23:53,609 anyone whose harm causes distress to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 678 00:23:53,609 --> 00:23:55,740 by their being harmed. 679 00:23:55,740 --> 00:23:57,740 And in the hadith is honoring those associated 680 00:23:57,740 --> 00:23:59,740 with goodness, nobility, or religious virtue. 681 00:23:59,740 --> 00:24:01,799 In it is the legitimacy 682 00:24:01,799 --> 00:24:03,799 of openly giving counsel 683 00:24:03,799 --> 00:24:07,880 when it serves a public benefit. 684 00:24:07,880 --> 00:24:09,880 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him 685 00:24:09,880 --> 00:24:11,880 and his father, who said: 686 00:24:11,880 --> 00:24:13,880 "The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, ascended 687 00:24:13,880 --> 00:24:15,880 the pulpit, 688 00:24:15,880 --> 00:24:17,880 and it was the last gathering in which he sat, 689 00:24:17,880 --> 00:24:19,880 wrapping 690 00:24:19,880 --> 00:24:21,880 a sheet around his shoulders, 691 00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:23,880 having bound his head 692 00:24:23,880 --> 00:24:25,940 with a dark-colored bandage. 693 00:24:25,940 --> 00:24:27,940 He praised Allah and extolled Him, 694 00:24:27,940 --> 00:24:29,940 then said: 695 00:24:29,940 --> 00:24:31,940 'O people, gather around me!' 696 00:24:31,940 --> 00:24:33,940 So they gathered around him. 697 00:24:33,940 --> 00:24:35,940 Then he said: 698 00:24:35,940 --> 00:24:37,940 'As for what follows: 699 00:24:37,940 --> 00:24:39,940 Indeed, this community of 700 00:24:39,940 --> 00:24:41,940 the Ansar will decrease, 701 00:24:41,940 --> 00:24:43,940 while other people will increase." 702 00:24:43,940 --> 00:24:45,940 In another narration: 703 00:24:45,940 --> 00:24:47,940 "'until they become among people 704 00:24:47,940 --> 00:24:49,940 like salt in food. 705 00:24:49,940 --> 00:24:52,099 So whoever is granted authority 706 00:24:52,099 --> 00:24:54,099 over anything concerning the Ummah of Muhammad, 707 00:24:54,099 --> 00:24:56,099 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 708 00:24:56,099 --> 00:24:58,099 and is able to cause harm therein 709 00:24:58,099 --> 00:25:00,099 to anyone, 710 00:25:00,099 --> 00:25:02,099 or benefit anyone therein, 711 00:25:02,099 --> 00:25:04,099 let him accept from their good-doers 712 00:25:04,099 --> 00:25:06,099 and overlook 713 00:25:06,099 --> 00:25:08,579 their wrongdoers.'" 714 00:25:08,579 --> 00:25:11,220 Commentary on the hadith: 715 00:25:11,220 --> 00:25:13,220 "And it was the last gathering 716 00:25:13,220 --> 00:25:15,220 in which he sat": 717 00:25:15,220 --> 00:25:17,220 an indication that this gathering took place toward the very end 718 00:25:17,220 --> 00:25:19,220 of the life of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 719 00:25:19,220 --> 00:25:21,319 "Wrapping": 720 00:25:21,319 --> 00:25:23,319 meaning, wearing 721 00:25:23,319 --> 00:25:25,319 a sheet. 722 00:25:25,319 --> 00:25:27,319 "The sheet" (al-milhafah): 723 00:25:27,319 --> 00:25:29,349 is a large wrapper. 724 00:25:29,349 --> 00:25:31,349 "With a dark-colored bandage" (bi-'isabatin dasma'): 725 00:25:31,349 --> 00:25:33,349 meaning, a black turban; 726 00:25:33,349 --> 00:25:35,349 it was also said: a dusty-colored cloth tinged 727 00:25:35,349 --> 00:25:37,349 with blackness, 728 00:25:37,349 --> 00:25:39,450 among other explanations. 729 00:25:39,450 --> 00:25:41,450 "O people, gather around me!": 730 00:25:41,450 --> 00:25:43,509 meaning, come forward. 731 00:25:43,509 --> 00:25:45,509 "So they gathered around him": 732 00:25:45,509 --> 00:25:47,509 meaning, they assembled near him. 733 00:25:47,509 --> 00:25:49,509 "Let him accept from their good-doers": 734 00:25:49,509 --> 00:25:51,509 meaning, their good deeds, 735 00:25:51,509 --> 00:25:53,509 and pardon their wrongdoers. 736 00:25:53,509 --> 00:25:55,960 Among the benefits of the hadith: 737 00:25:55,960 --> 00:25:58,569 It is derived 738 00:25:58,569 --> 00:26:00,569 from the hadith 739 00:26:00,569 --> 00:26:02,569 that it was of the guidance of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 740 00:26:02,569 --> 00:26:04,569 that whenever he wished 741 00:26:04,569 --> 00:26:06,569 to deliver a particularly emphatic exhortation, 742 00:26:06,569 --> 00:26:08,630 he would ascend the pulpit. 743 00:26:08,630 --> 00:26:10,630 In it is a clarification of the virtue 744 00:26:10,630 --> 00:26:12,630 of the Ansar, may Allah be pleased with them. 745 00:26:12,630 --> 00:26:14,630 The hadith is among the signs 746 00:26:14,630 --> 00:26:16,630 of Prophethood, 747 00:26:16,630 --> 00:26:18,630 as it contains foretelling of the unseen, 748 00:26:18,630 --> 00:26:20,630 because the Ansar did indeed decrease, 749 00:26:20,630 --> 00:26:24,710 while other people multiplied. 750 00:26:24,710 --> 00:26:26,710 Chapter: Listening attentively to the sermon. 751 00:26:26,710 --> 00:26:29,160 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 752 00:26:29,160 --> 00:26:31,160 who said: 753 00:26:31,160 --> 00:26:33,190 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 754 00:26:33,190 --> 00:26:35,190 "When the day of Friday comes, 755 00:26:35,190 --> 00:26:37,190 the angels stand 756 00:26:37,190 --> 00:26:39,190 at the door of the mosque, 757 00:26:39,190 --> 00:26:41,190 recording the first to arrive, then the next. 758 00:26:41,190 --> 00:26:43,259 The likeness of the one who arrives early 759 00:26:43,259 --> 00:26:45,259 is like that of one who offers 760 00:26:45,259 --> 00:26:47,259 a camel; 761 00:26:47,259 --> 00:26:49,259 then like one who offers a cow; 762 00:26:49,259 --> 00:26:51,259 then a ram; 763 00:26:51,259 --> 00:26:53,259 then a chicken; 764 00:26:53,259 --> 00:26:55,380 then an egg. 765 00:26:55,380 --> 00:26:57,380 When the Imam comes out, 766 00:26:57,380 --> 00:26:59,380 they fold up their scrolls 767 00:26:59,380 --> 00:27:02,119 and listen to the remembrance." 768 00:27:02,119 --> 00:27:04,119 Commentary on the hadith: 769 00:27:04,119 --> 00:27:06,470 "They record the first to arrive, then the next": 770 00:27:06,470 --> 00:27:08,470 meaning, in the order of their arrival 771 00:27:08,470 --> 00:27:10,730 at the mosque. 772 00:27:10,730 --> 00:27:12,730 "The likeness of the early-comer": 773 00:27:12,730 --> 00:27:14,759 meaning, the one who sets out early to the mosque. 774 00:27:14,759 --> 00:27:16,759 "Offers a camel": 775 00:27:16,759 --> 00:27:18,759 meaning, gives a she-camel in charity. 776 00:27:18,759 --> 00:27:20,819 "When the Imam comes out": 777 00:27:20,819 --> 00:27:22,819 meaning, sits upon the pulpit. 778 00:27:22,819 --> 00:27:24,890 "And listen to the remembrance": 779 00:27:24,890 --> 00:27:26,890 meaning, the sermon. 780 00:27:26,890 --> 00:27:29,369 Among the benefits 781 00:27:29,369 --> 00:27:31,940 of the hadith: 782 00:27:31,940 --> 00:27:33,940 It is derived from the hadith 783 00:27:33,940 --> 00:27:35,940 the explanation of the virtue of going early to Friday prayer. 784 00:27:35,940 --> 00:27:37,940 And in the hadith: 785 00:27:37,940 --> 00:27:39,940 the angels record 786 00:27:39,940 --> 00:27:41,940 the ranks of people based on their arrival for the prayer, 787 00:27:41,940 --> 00:27:43,940 and the ranks of people 788 00:27:43,940 --> 00:27:45,940 in virtue correspond to 789 00:27:45,940 --> 00:27:47,940 their deeds. 790 00:27:47,940 --> 00:27:49,940 In it is the permissibility of applying the term 791 00:27:49,940 --> 00:27:51,940 of gift and charity to both little and much. 792 00:27:51,940 --> 00:27:53,940 And in the hadith: 793 00:27:53,940 --> 00:27:55,940 that the angels attend the sermon 794 00:27:55,940 --> 00:27:58,009 and the prayer. 795 00:27:58,009 --> 00:28:00,009 It also indicates the obligation of listening attentively to the sermon 796 00:28:00,009 --> 00:28:03,930 on Friday. 797 00:28:03,930 --> 00:28:05,930 Chapter: 798 00:28:05,930 --> 00:28:07,930 If the imam sees a man arrive 799 00:28:07,930 --> 00:28:09,930 while he is delivering the sermon, 800 00:28:09,930 --> 00:28:12,660 he should instruct him to pray two rak'ahs. 801 00:28:12,660 --> 00:28:14,660 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, 802 00:28:14,660 --> 00:28:16,660 may Allah be pleased with both of them, who said: 803 00:28:16,660 --> 00:28:18,660 The Messenger of Allah, 804 00:28:18,660 --> 00:28:20,660 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 805 00:28:20,660 --> 00:28:22,700 "If one of you arrives 806 00:28:22,700 --> 00:28:24,700 while the imam is delivering the sermon, 807 00:28:24,700 --> 00:28:26,700 or has already come out, 808 00:28:26,700 --> 00:28:28,700 let him pray two rak'ahs." 809 00:28:28,700 --> 00:28:30,859 In another narration: 810 00:28:30,859 --> 00:28:32,859 A man entered on Friday 811 00:28:32,859 --> 00:28:34,859 while the Prophet, peace be upon him, 812 00:28:34,859 --> 00:28:36,859 was delivering the sermon, 813 00:28:36,859 --> 00:28:38,859 so he asked, "Have you prayed?" 814 00:28:38,859 --> 00:28:40,890 He replied, "No." 815 00:28:40,890 --> 00:28:42,890 He said, "Stand up 816 00:28:42,890 --> 00:28:45,369 and pray two rak'ahs." 817 00:28:45,369 --> 00:28:47,369 Commentary on the hadith: 818 00:28:47,369 --> 00:28:49,849 "If one of you arrives"— 819 00:28:49,849 --> 00:28:51,849 meaning, arrives at the mosque. 820 00:28:51,849 --> 00:28:53,849 In the hadith of Jabir, 821 00:28:53,849 --> 00:28:55,849 may Allah be pleased with both of them, 822 00:28:55,849 --> 00:28:57,849 it is stated that this incident occurred 823 00:28:57,849 --> 00:28:59,849 with Sulayk al-Ghatafani, 824 00:28:59,849 --> 00:29:02,039 may Allah be pleased with him. 825 00:29:02,039 --> 00:29:04,039 "Or has already come out"— 826 00:29:04,039 --> 00:29:06,200 meaning, he has seated himself upon the pulpit. 827 00:29:06,200 --> 00:29:08,200 Points of benefit from the hadith: 828 00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:10,970 It is derived from the hadith 829 00:29:10,970 --> 00:29:12,970 that it is prescribed to draw attention 830 00:29:12,970 --> 00:29:14,970 to the mistakes of worshippers 831 00:29:14,970 --> 00:29:16,970 from the pulpit without explicitly naming them. 832 00:29:16,970 --> 00:29:18,970 The hadith also contains 833 00:29:18,970 --> 00:29:20,970 an indication that voluntary prayers 834 00:29:20,970 --> 00:29:22,970 during the day are performed two by two, 835 00:29:22,970 --> 00:29:24,970 just like voluntary prayers during the night. 836 00:29:24,970 --> 00:29:26,970 It also shows the permissibility of speaking 837 00:29:26,970 --> 00:29:28,970 during the sermon when an urgent matter arises 838 00:29:28,970 --> 00:29:30,970 and speech is genuinely necessary. 839 00:29:30,970 --> 00:29:33,000 Furthermore, the hadith indicates that 840 00:29:33,000 --> 00:29:35,000 the sermon does not prevent an incoming person 841 00:29:35,000 --> 00:29:37,000 entering the mosque from fulfilling the right 842 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:39,000 of the greeting due upon him 843 00:29:39,000 --> 00:29:41,000 for the sake of Allah.