WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.640 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.919 --> 00:00:15.980 Surah al-Nahl. 00:00:18.570 --> 00:00:22.670 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.660 --> 00:00:29.620 “And it is said unto those who ward off (evil): What hath your Lord revealed? They say: Good. For those who do good in this world there is a good (reward) and the home of the Hereafter will be better. Pleasant indeed will be the home of those who ward off (evil) -” (16:30) 00:00:29.940 --> 00:00:31.940 They said, "Good." 00:00:32.380 --> 00:00:36.979 For those who did good in this world, there is a good reward. 00:00:37.380 --> 00:00:40.619 And the home of the Hereafter is better. 00:00:41.060 --> 00:00:44.439 And excellent indeed is the home of the righteous. 00:00:45.820 --> 00:00:47.820 And it was said to the other group: 00:00:48.200 --> 00:00:50.200 "What has your Lord sent down?" 00:00:50.640 --> 00:00:52.640 They said, "He has sent down good." 00:00:53.039 --> 00:00:58.479 For those who believed in Allah and His Messenger in this world, there is honor from Allah. 00:00:58.960 --> 00:01:02.640 And the home of the Hereafter is better for them than the home of this world. 00:01:03.240 --> 00:01:06.560 And excellent indeed is the home of those who feared Allah in this world. 00:01:07.120 --> 00:01:11.799 So fear His punishment by performing His obligatory duties and avoiding His prohibitions. 00:01:13.540 --> 00:01:25.010 “Gardens of Eden which they enter, underneath which rivers flow, wherein they have what they will. Thus Allah repayeth those who ward off (evil),” (16:31) 00:01:25.450 --> 00:01:30.569 They shall have therein whatever they wish. 00:01:31.170 --> 00:01:34.969 “Gardens of Eden which they enter, underneath which rivers flow, wherein they have what they will. Thus Allah repayeth those who ward off (evil),” (16:31) 00:01:36.560 --> 00:01:42.239 Gardens for residence which they shall inhabit, with rivers flowing beneath their trees. 00:01:43.040 --> 00:01:50.400 For those who did good in this world, there are Gardens of Eden where they shall have whatever they wish of what their souls desire. 00:01:51.189 --> 00:01:57.950 Just as Allah rewards those who did good in this world with what has been described to you, O people. 00:01:58.510 --> 00:02:04.670 So too does Allah reward those who were mindful of Him by performing His obligatory duties and avoiding His prohibitions. 00:02:06.260 --> 00:02:13.900 “Those whom the angels cause to die (when they are) good. They say: Peace be unto you! Enter the Garden because of what ye used to do.” (16:32) 00:02:14.340 --> 00:02:23.300 “Those whom the angels cause to die (when they are) good. They say: Peace be unto you! Enter the Garden because of what ye used to do.” (16:32) 00:02:25.069 --> 00:02:31.069 Thus does Allah reward the righteous whose souls are taken by the angels of Allah. 00:02:31.669 --> 00:02:36.349 While they are pure, having been purified by Allah through the cleanliness of faith. 00:02:37.030 --> 00:02:42.509 And the angels say to them, "Peace be upon you; enter Paradise." 00:02:43.270 --> 00:02:46.870 This is glad tidings from Allah with which the angels bring them joy. 00:02:48.699 --> 00:02:58.180 “Await they aught say that the angels should come unto them or thy Lord's command should come to pass? Even so did those before them. Allah wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves,” (16:33) 00:02:58.819 --> 00:03:11.620 “Await they aught say that the angels should come unto them or thy Lord's command should come to pass? Even so did those before them. Allah wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves,” (16:33) 00:03:13.580 --> 00:03:19.979 Do these polytheists wait for anything but that the angels should come to them to take their souls? 00:03:20.539 --> 00:03:24.259 Or that the command of your Lord should come to gather them for the station of the Resurrection? 00:03:25.060 --> 00:03:32.180 Just as these people wait for the angels of Allah to take their souls or for the command of Allah to arrive. 00:03:32.780 --> 00:03:35.460 So did their predecessors among those who disbelieved in Allah. 00:03:36.139 --> 00:03:38.979 Allah did not wrong them by bringing down His wrath upon them. 00:03:39.500 --> 00:03:42.139 Rather, they were wronging themselves. 00:03:42.580 --> 00:03:48.780 By disobeying their Lord and disbelieving in Him, until they deserved His punishment, so He hastened it for them. 00:03:50.229 --> 00:03:59.710 “So that the evils of what they did smote them, and that which they used to mock surrounded them.” (16:34) 00:04:01.180 --> 00:04:09.860 Thus, those who acted like these polytheists of Quraysh among the past nations were struck by the punishments for their sins. 00:04:10.580 --> 00:04:14.780 And there befell them from the punishment of Allah that which they used to mock. 00:04:16.629 --> 00:04:28.949 “And the idolaters say: Had Allah willed, we had not worshipped aught beside Him, we and our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught without (command from) Him. Even so did those before them. Are the messengers charged with aught save plain conveyance (of the message)?” (16:35) 00:04:29.470 --> 00:04:38.029 “And the idolaters say: Had Allah willed, we had not worshipped aught beside Him, we and our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught without (command from) Him. Even so did those before them. Are the messengers charged with aught save plain conveyance (of the message)?” (16:35) 00:04:38.509 --> 00:04:49.990 “And the idolaters say: Had Allah willed, we had not worshipped aught beside Him, we and our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught without (command from) Him. Even so did those before them. Are the messengers charged with aught save plain conveyance (of the message)?” (16:35) 00:04:51.779 --> 00:05:00.100 Those who associated partners with Allah said, "We would not worship these idols except that Allah has been pleased with our worship of them." 00:05:00.699 --> 00:05:04.459 "And we would not forbid what we have forbidden of the livestock and other offerings." 00:05:04.980 --> 00:05:10.459 "Except that Allah willed for us and our forefathers to forbid them, and He was pleased with it." 00:05:11.100 --> 00:05:18.180 Likewise did those before them among the polytheistic nations who established this tradition for them. 00:05:18.620 --> 00:05:24.060 They said the same as they said and followed their path in denying the messengers of Allah. 00:05:24.620 --> 00:05:27.819 And following the misguided actions of their forefathers. 00:05:28.379 --> 00:05:34.019 So is there anything upon our messengers except to convey to you the message we have sent to you? 00:05:34.620 --> 00:05:40.740 The conveyance that clarifies its meaning to those to whom it is delivered and is understood by those to whom it is sent. 00:05:42.410 --> 00:05:53.930 We have sent a messenger to every nation, saying, "Worship Allah and avoid false deities." 00:05:54.410 --> 00:06:01.610 “And verily We have raised in every nation a messenger, (proclaiming): Serve Allah and shun false gods. Then some of them (there were) whom Allah guided, and some of them (there were) upon whom error had just hold. Do but travel in the land and see the nature of the consequence for the deniers!” (16:36) 00:06:02.050 --> 00:06:10.250 So travel through the earth and see how the end of the deniers was. 00:06:11.689 --> 00:06:17.009 We have sent, O people, to every nation that passed before you, a messenger. 00:06:17.529 --> 00:06:22.410 Saying, "Worship Allah alone, with no partner, and dedicate your obedience to Him." 00:06:23.009 --> 00:06:26.850 And distance yourselves from Satan and beware lest he leads you astray. 00:06:27.449 --> 00:06:31.250 So among those to whom We sent Our messenger were those whom Allah guided. 00:06:31.810 --> 00:06:35.170 He granted them success in believing in Him and acting in obedience to Him. 00:06:35.810 --> 00:06:38.370 And others upon whom misguidance was justly due. 00:06:38.930 --> 00:06:41.569 So they disbelieved in Allah and denied His messenger. 00:06:42.250 --> 00:06:48.850 If you, O people, do not believe our messenger regarding what he tells you about these nations. 00:06:49.370 --> 00:06:52.610 Then travel through the earth that they used to inhabit. 00:06:53.089 --> 00:06:55.769 And look at the traces of Allah upon them. 00:06:56.250 --> 00:07:00.449 How their denial of the Messenger of Allah brought upon them what it brought. 00:07:01.980 --> 00:07:10.220 “Even if thou (O Muhammad) desirest their right guidance, still Allah assuredly will not guide him who misleadeth. Such have no helpers.” (16:37) 00:07:10.740 --> 00:07:15.500 And they have no helpers. 00:07:17.269 --> 00:07:22.550 Even if you, O Muhammad, are eager for the guidance of these polytheists to faith in Allah. 00:07:23.110 --> 00:07:25.550 Then indeed, Allah does not guide those whom He has led astray. 00:07:26.149 --> 00:07:28.350 So do not exhaust yourself in their affair. 00:07:28.910 --> 00:07:34.189 And they have no helper to aid them against Allah if He intends to punish them. 00:07:55.149 --> 00:07:59.949 These polytheists of Quraysh swore by Allah their most solemn oaths. 00:08:00.389 --> 00:08:02.430 “And they swear by Allah their most binding oaths (that) Allah will not raise up him who dieth. Nay, but it is a promise (binding) upon Him in truth, but most of mankind know not,” (16:38) 00:08:03.269 --> 00:08:06.509 And they lied in the oaths they swore. 00:08:07.110 --> 00:08:09.550 Rather, Allah will resurrect him after his death. 00:08:10.269 --> 00:08:12.269 It is a promise upon Him that He will resurrect them. 00:08:12.949 --> 00:08:14.069 A promise to His servants. 00:08:14.509 --> 00:08:16.709 And Allah does not break His promise. 00:08:17.579 --> 00:08:21.819 But most of Quraysh do not know the promise of Allah to His servants. 00:08:22.420 --> 00:08:27.180 That He will resurrect them on the Day of Resurrection after their death, alive. 00:08:31.170 --> 00:08:33.970 Rather, Allah will surely resurrect those who die. 00:08:34.370 --> 00:08:36.129 As a true promise upon Him. 00:08:36.769 --> 00:08:42.460 To clarify to those who claim that Allah will not resurrect those who die. 00:08:42.940 --> 00:08:45.340 And to others, that which they differ about. 00:08:45.820 --> 00:08:48.860 Regarding Allah’s reviving His creation after their extinction. 00:08:49.500 --> 00:08:52.220 And so that those who denied the truth of that may know. 00:08:52.700 --> 00:08:55.340 That Allah will resurrect them after their death. 00:08:55.820 --> 00:08:57.820 And they will be resurrected by Allah after their death. 00:08:58.299 --> 00:09:00.299 And they will be resurrected by Allah after their death. 00:09:00.299 --> 00:09:02.299 And so they may know the truth of that. 00:09:02.940 --> 00:09:04.940 That they were liars in their claims. 00:09:05.500 --> 00:09:07.500 “And they swear by Allah their most binding oaths (that) Allah will not raise up him who dieth. Nay, but it is a promise (binding) upon Him in truth, but most of mankind know not,” (16:38) 00:09:08.960 --> 00:09:18.799 “And Our word unto a thing, when We intend it, is only that We say unto it: Be! and it is.” (16:40) 00:09:20.220 --> 00:09:23.100 Indeed, when We intend to resurrect those who die. 00:09:23.740 --> 00:09:25.740 It is no burden upon Us. 00:09:26.220 --> 00:09:29.860 We only say to it, "Be," and it is. 00:09:30.179 --> 00:09:34.980 “And those who became fugitives for the cause of Allah after they had been oppressed, We verily shall give them goodly lodging in the world, and surely the reward of the Hereafter is greater, if they but knew;” (16:41) 00:09:35.379 --> 00:09:39.220 “And those who became fugitives for the cause of Allah after they had been oppressed, We verily shall give them goodly lodging in the world, and surely the reward of the Hereafter is greater, if they but knew;” (16:41) 00:09:39.860 --> 00:09:42.740 And the reward of the Hereafter is greater. 00:09:43.299 --> 00:09:46.500 If only they knew. 00:09:47.059 --> 00:09:53.700 Those who are patient and rely upon their Lord. 00:09:55.549 --> 00:09:58.509 And those who left their people and their homes. 00:09:58.909 --> 00:10:01.710 Out of enmity for them for the sake of Allah because of their disbelief. 00:10:02.190 --> 00:10:04.190 To others besides them. 00:10:04.509 --> 00:10:09.230 After they were afflicted in their own selves with hardships for the sake of Allah. 00:10:09.789 --> 00:10:13.870 We will surely settle them in the world in a good dwelling they are pleased with. 00:10:14.429 --> 00:10:18.590 And the reward of Allah for them for their migration is greater. 00:10:19.070 --> 00:10:21.710 Because His reward there is Paradise. 00:10:22.350 --> 00:10:25.149 These are the ones whose qualities we have described. 00:10:25.470 --> 00:10:29.549 They are the ones who were patient for the sake of Allah regarding what befell them in this world. 00:10:29.950 --> 00:10:32.750 And they trust in Allah in all their affairs. 00:10:34.529 --> 00:10:41.490 And We did not send before you except men to whom We revealed. 00:10:41.889 --> 00:10:48.929 So ask the people of the Reminder if you do not know. 00:10:50.240 --> 00:10:54.559 And We did not send before you, O Muhammad, to any nation of the nations. 00:10:55.039 --> 00:10:59.679 To call to Our oneness and to adhere to Our commands and prohibitions. 00:11:00.240 --> 00:11:03.679 Except men from the children of Adam to whom We revealed. 00:11:04.399 --> 00:11:09.759 And if you do not know that those whom We used to send to those before you among the nations. 00:11:10.240 --> 00:11:14.879 Were men from the children of Adam like Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:11:15.440 --> 00:11:17.440 And you said, "They are angels." 00:11:18.159 --> 00:11:22.960 Then ask the people of the Reminder who have read the scriptures before them. 00:11:23.200 --> 00:11:25.200 Such as the Torah and the Gospel. 00:11:25.600 --> 00:11:30.000 And other than that of the books of Allah which He sent down to His servants. 00:11:31.570 --> 00:11:33.570 With clear proofs and scriptures. 00:11:34.450 --> 00:11:47.169 “With clear proofs and writings; and We have revealed unto thee the Remembrance that thou mayst explain to mankind that which hath been revealed for them, and that haply they may reflect.” (16:44) 00:11:47.490 --> 00:11:50.929 And perhaps they will reflect. 00:11:52.580 --> 00:11:56.500 And We did not send before you except men to whom We revealed. 00:11:57.139 --> 00:12:00.179 We sent them with evidence, arguments, and books. 00:12:01.039 --> 00:12:04.080 And We have sent down to you, O Muhammad, this Qur'an. 00:12:04.559 --> 00:12:07.120 As a reminder to the people and an admonition for them. 00:12:07.600 --> 00:12:10.639 So that you may inform them of what was sent down to them of that. 00:12:11.200 --> 00:12:15.759 And so they may remember through it and take heed of what We have sent down to you. 00:12:17.549 --> 00:12:29.309 “Are they who plan ill-deeds then secure that Allah will not cause the earth to swallow them, or that the doom will not come on them whence they know not?” (16:45) 00:12:29.309 --> 00:12:34.590 “Are they who plan ill-deeds then secure that Allah will not cause the earth to swallow them, or that the doom will not come on them whence they know not?” (16:45) 00:12:35.070 --> 00:12:41.870 Or seize them during their movements, for they cannot escape. 00:12:42.350 --> 00:12:51.149 “Or that He will not seize them with a gradual wasting? Lo! thy Lord is indeed Full of Pity, Merciful.” (16:47) 00:12:52.690 --> 00:12:58.450 Do those who wronged the believers among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, feel secure? 00:12:58.929 --> 00:13:01.490 When they sought to tempt them away from their religion. 00:13:01.970 --> 00:13:05.809 That Allah might cause the earth to swallow them up for their disbelief and polytheism. 00:13:06.370 --> 00:13:10.210 Or that the punishment of Allah might come to them from a place they do not perceive. 00:13:10.690 --> 00:13:12.769 And they do not know from where it comes to them. 00:13:13.409 --> 00:13:16.210 Or that He might destroy them while they are moving about in the lands. 00:13:16.529 --> 00:13:18.610 And traveling in their journeys. 00:13:19.169 --> 00:13:23.809 For they cannot frustrate Allah in that if He intends to seize them in such a way. 00:13:24.450 --> 00:13:26.370 Or that He might destroy them by gradual loss. 00:13:26.929 --> 00:13:30.289 And that is by a decrease in their surroundings and their regions. 00:13:30.769 --> 00:13:34.610 One thing after another until all of them are destroyed. 00:13:35.330 --> 00:13:41.490 For your Lord, if He does not seize those who plotted evil deeds with a hastened punishment. 00:13:42.049 --> 00:13:45.970 And seizes them through death, taking some of them one after another. 00:13:46.529 --> 00:13:49.330 Is Kind to His creation, Merciful to them. 00:13:50.049 --> 00:13:54.289 And out of His kindness and mercy to them, He did not cause the earth to swallow them. 00:13:54.769 --> 00:13:56.769 And He did not hasten the punishment for them. 00:13:57.250 --> 00:14:00.610 But He warns them and diminishes them through death. 00:14:02.340 --> 00:14:16.580 “Have they not observed all things that Allah hath created, how their shadows incline to the right and to the left, making prostration unto Allah, and they are lowly?” (16:48) 00:14:16.580 --> 00:14:18.740 Prostrating to Allah. 00:14:19.059 --> 00:14:23.139 “Have they not observed all things that Allah hath created, how their shadows incline to the right and to the left, making prostration unto Allah, and they are lowly?” (16:48) 00:14:24.620 --> 00:14:28.059 Have those who plotted evil deeds not seen? 00:14:28.539 --> 00:14:31.340 What Allah has created of standing bodies. 00:14:31.659 --> 00:14:34.299 Trees, mountains, or other than that. 00:14:34.860 --> 00:14:37.899 Their shadows return from one position to another. 00:14:38.379 --> 00:14:40.620 It is in one state at the beginning of the day. 00:14:41.019 --> 00:14:42.379 Then it shrinks. 00:14:42.779 --> 00:14:46.379 Then it returns to another state at the end of the day. 00:14:47.019 --> 00:14:50.539 The shadows of these things are what prostrate. 00:14:51.019 --> 00:14:55.820 And their prostration is their leaning and turning from side to side. 00:14:56.220 --> 00:14:58.220 And from one direction to another. 00:14:58.860 --> 00:15:01.100 They prostrate while they are humbled. 00:15:02.690 --> 00:15:11.730 “And unto Allah maketh prostration whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth of living creatures, and the angels (also) and they are not proud.” (16:49) 00:15:12.210 --> 00:15:23.299 “And unto Allah maketh prostration whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth of living creatures, and the angels (also) and they are not proud.” (16:49) 00:15:24.580 --> 00:15:32.019 And to Allah bows and submits everything in the heavens and everything on the earth of living creatures that move upon it. 00:15:32.419 --> 00:15:34.899 And the angels who are in the heavens. 00:15:35.220 --> 00:15:39.059 And they do not grow arrogant against humbling themselves to Him in obedience. 00:15:40.259 --> 00:15:49.139 “They fear their Lord above them, and do what they are bidden.” (16:50) 00:15:50.429 --> 00:15:54.110 These angels who are in the heavens fear. 00:15:54.350 --> 00:15:56.429 “And unto Allah maketh prostration whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth of living creatures, and the angels (also) and they are not proud.” (16:49) 00:15:56.909 --> 00:16:01.549 They fear their Lord above them, that He might punish them if they disobey His command. 00:16:01.549 --> 00:16:06.429 And they do what Allah has commanded them, fulfilling His rights.