WEBVTT 00:00:00.020 --> 00:00:03.740 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 00:00:03.740 --> 00:00:13.210 Muhammad is the Messenger of God 00:00:13.210 --> 00:00:17.769 Summary of the Prophet’s biography 00:00:17.769 --> 00:00:23.120 Written by Sheikh Musa Bel-Rashed Al-Azmi 00:00:23.120 --> 00:00:25.120 May God protect him 00:00:25.120 --> 00:00:30.100 Pledge of Ridwan 00:00:30.100 --> 00:00:35.060 So the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, ordered 00:00:36.060 --> 00:00:38.060 May God be pleased with them for their pledge of allegiance 00:00:38.060 --> 00:00:42.060 This pledge of allegiance was known as the Pledge of Ridwan 00:00:42.060 --> 00:00:46.060 Because God Almighty is pleased with its owners 00:00:46.060 --> 00:00:49.060 He was the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace 00:00:49.060 --> 00:00:51.189 Sitting under a tree 00:00:51.189 --> 00:00:54.189 Imam Muslim narrated in his Sahih 00:00:54.189 --> 00:00:58.189 On the authority of Maqil Ibn Yasar, may God be pleased with him, he said 00:00:58.189 --> 00:01:01.189 You saw us on Arbor Day 00:01:01.189 --> 00:01:04.189 The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, pledged allegiance to the people 00:01:04.189 --> 00:01:08.189 And I lifted one of its branches from his head 00:01:08.189 --> 00:01:11.189 We are fourteen hundred 00:01:11.189 --> 00:01:14.219 Imam Muslim narrated in his Sahih 00:01:14.219 --> 00:01:18.219 On the authority of Jaber bin Abdullah, may God be pleased with them both, he said 00:01:18.219 --> 00:01:21.219 On the day of Hudaybiyyah, we were one thousand and four hundred 00:01:21.219 --> 00:01:23.219 So we pledged allegiance to him 00:01:23.219 --> 00:01:28.219 Omar, may God be pleased with him, was holding his hand under the tree 00:01:28.219 --> 00:01:31.219 He pledged allegiance to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace 00:01:31.219 --> 00:01:35.219 Himself on behalf of Othman, may God be pleased with him 00:01:35.219 --> 00:01:38.349 Imam Bukhari narrated in his Sahih 00:01:38.349 --> 00:01:42.349 On the authority of Ibn Omar, may God be pleased with them both, he said 00:01:42.349 --> 00:01:45.349 As for his absence from the pledge of allegiance to Al-Ridwan 00:01:45.349 --> 00:01:49.349 If anyone was dearer to the heart of Mecca than Othman 00:01:49.349 --> 00:01:51.349 To send him in his place 00:01:51.349 --> 00:01:55.349 So the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, sent Othman 00:01:55.349 --> 00:01:57.349 It was the pledge of allegiance to Al-Ridwan 00:01:57.349 --> 00:02:00.349 After Othman went to Mecca 00:02:00.349 --> 00:02:05.349 The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said with his right hand 00:02:05.349 --> 00:02:07.349 This is Othman's hand 00:02:07.349 --> 00:02:10.349 So he hit him on the hand 00:02:10.349 --> 00:02:13.349 He said this to Othman 00:02:13.349 --> 00:02:18.580 Imam Al-Tirmidhi narrated it in his collection with a good chain of transmission 00:02:18.580 --> 00:02:21.580 On the authority of Anas bin Malik, may God be pleased with him, he said 00:02:21.580 --> 00:02:25.580 When the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, commanded 00:02:25.580 --> 00:02:27.580 With the pledge of allegiance to Al-Ridwan 00:02:27.580 --> 00:02:35.580 Othman bin Affan, may God be pleased with him, was the messenger of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, to the people of Mecca 00:02:35.580 --> 00:02:38.580 He said: So the people pledged allegiance 00:02:38.580 --> 00:02:42.580 The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said 00:02:42.580 --> 00:02:46.580 Othman is in the need of God and the need of His Messenger 00:02:46.580 --> 00:02:49.580 He struck with one hand over the other 00:02:49.580 --> 00:02:54.580 The hand of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, was for Othman 00:02:54.580 --> 00:02:57.580 Better than their own hands 00:02:57.580 --> 00:03:00.669 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said 00:03:00.669 --> 00:03:05.669 This was the greatest of his witnesses, may God be pleased with him, that pledge of allegiance 00:03:05.669 --> 00:03:08.669 And God Almighty revealed about that 00:03:08.669 --> 00:03:14.669 God was pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you under the tree 00:03:14.669 --> 00:03:19.620 The virtue of the people of the pledge of allegiance to Al-Ridwan 00:03:19.620 --> 00:03:24.039 The greatest thing mentioned about the virtue of the people of the pledge of allegiance to Al-Ridwan 00:03:24.039 --> 00:03:26.039 God Almighty said 00:03:26.039 --> 00:03:31.039 God was pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you under the tree 00:03:31.039 --> 00:03:34.259 The two sheikhs narrated it in their Sahihs 00:03:34.259 --> 00:03:38.259 On the authority of Jaber bin Abdullah, may God be pleased with them both, he said 00:03:38.259 --> 00:03:44.259 The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, told us on the day of Hudaybiyyah 00:03:44.259 --> 00:03:46.259 You are the best people on earth 00:03:46.259 --> 00:03:49.259 We were one thousand four hundred 00:03:49.259 --> 00:03:51.419 Al-Hafiz said in Al-Fath 00:03:51.419 --> 00:03:55.419 This clearly indicates the virtue of the tree owners 00:03:55.419 --> 00:03:58.419 He was a Muslim then 00:03:58.419 --> 00:04:02.419 A group in Mecca, Medina and elsewhere 00:04:02.419 --> 00:04:07.460 Imam Ahmad narrated in his Musnad, Al-Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud 00:04:07.460 --> 00:04:11.460 On the authority of Jaber bin Abdullah, may God be pleased with them both, he said 00:04:11.460 --> 00:04:15.460 The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said 00:04:15.460 --> 00:04:20.459 No one who pledges allegiance under the tree will enter the fire 00:04:20.459 --> 00:04:25.660 A number of polytheists were captured 00:04:25.660 --> 00:04:29.209 When Quraysh learned of the pledge of allegiance 00:04:29.209 --> 00:04:33.209 I sent a company at night to the Muslim camp 00:04:33.209 --> 00:04:36.209 They were all captured 00:04:36.209 --> 00:04:39.300 Imam Muslim narrated in his Sahih 00:04:39.300 --> 00:04:41.300 And Imam Ahmad in his Musnad 00:04:41.300 --> 00:04:43.300 The pronunciation is for Ahmed 00:04:43.300 --> 00:04:47.300 On the authority of Anas bin Malik, may God be pleased with him, he said 00:04:47.300 --> 00:04:50.300 When it was the day of Hudaybiyyah 00:04:50.300 --> 00:04:54.300 It descended upon the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and his companions 00:04:54.300 --> 00:04:58.300 Eighty Meccan men in arms 00:04:58.300 --> 00:05:00.300 By Jabal Tanim 00:05:00.300 --> 00:05:03.300 So he called against them and they took them 00:05:03.300 --> 00:05:05.300 This verse was revealed 00:05:05.300 --> 00:05:11.300 It is He who restrained their hands from you and your hands from them 00:05:11.300 --> 00:05:13.300 In the heart of Mecca 00:05:13.300 --> 00:05:18.300 In the heart of Mecca after I forgive you for their sins 00:05:18.300 --> 00:05:23.300 And God is ever Seeing of what you do 00:05:24.300 --> 00:05:29.339 And in another narration in Al-Musnad and Al-Mustadrak with an authentic chain of narration 00:05:29.339 --> 00:05:34.339 On the authority of Abdullah bin Mughaffal Al-Muzani, may God be pleased with him, he said 00:05:34.339 --> 00:05:36.339 So are we 00:05:36.339 --> 00:05:40.339 Thirty young men with weapons came out against us 00:05:40.339 --> 00:05:42.339 They revolted in our faces 00:05:42.339 --> 00:05:46.339 So the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, prayed for them 00:05:46.339 --> 00:05:49.339 So God took their sight 00:05:49.339 --> 00:05:52.339 So we went up to them and captured them 00:05:52.339 --> 00:05:56.339 The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said to them 00:05:56.339 --> 00:05:58.339 Did you come during the reign of anyone? 00:05:58.339 --> 00:06:02.339 Or has anyone made you safe? 00:06:02.339 --> 00:06:05.339 They said, Oh God, no 00:06:05.339 --> 00:06:07.339 So let them go 00:06:07.339 --> 00:06:09.339 And God Almighty revealed 00:06:09.339 --> 00:06:15.339 It is He who restrained their hands from you and your hands from them 00:06:15.339 --> 00:06:17.339 In the heart of Mecca 00:06:17.339 --> 00:06:23.339 In the heart of Mecca after I forgive you for their sins 00:06:23.339 --> 00:06:30.540 And God is ever Seeing of what you do 00:06:30.540 --> 00:06:34.149 When did they get captured? 00:06:34.149 --> 00:06:39.149 I said it appears that this incident occurred after reconciliation was concluded 00:06:39.149 --> 00:06:41.149 Or a little before that 00:06:41.149 --> 00:06:45.180 Imam Muslim narrated in his Sahih 00:06:45.180 --> 00:06:49.180 On the authority of Salamah bin Al-Akwa’, may God be pleased with him, he said 00:06:49.180 --> 00:06:52.180 The polytheists are seeking reconciliation 00:06:52.180 --> 00:06:54.180 So we walked towards each other 00:06:54.180 --> 00:06:56.180 And we armed ourselves 00:06:56.180 --> 00:06:59.180 You were selling to Talha Ibn Ubaidullah 00:06:59.180 --> 00:07:02.180 I water his horse, feel him, and serve him 00:07:02.180 --> 00:07:04.180 And he ate some of his food 00:07:04.180 --> 00:07:11.180 I left my family and money to emigrate to God and His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace 00:07:11.180 --> 00:07:14.180 When we and the people of Mecca armed themselves 00:07:14.180 --> 00:07:16.180 We mingled with each other 00:07:16.180 --> 00:07:19.180 I came to a tree and broke off its thorns 00:07:19.180 --> 00:07:22.180 So she lay down at her root 00:07:22.180 --> 00:07:26.180 Four polytheists from Mecca came to me 00:07:26.180 --> 00:07:30.180 So they started attacking the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace 00:07:30.180 --> 00:07:32.180 So I wanted them 00:07:32.180 --> 00:07:35.180 So it turned into another tree 00:07:35.180 --> 00:07:38.180 They hung up their weapons and shouted 00:07:38.180 --> 00:07:40.180 So we explained them as well 00:07:40.180 --> 00:07:43.180 Then a caller called from the bottom of the valley 00:07:43.180 --> 00:07:45.180 Oh immigrants! 00:07:45.180 --> 00:07:47.180 Ibn Znaim was killed 00:07:47.180 --> 00:07:48.180 He said 00:07:48.180 --> 00:07:50.180 So I chose my sword 00:07:50.180 --> 00:07:54.180 Then I stressed those four while they were lying down 00:07:54.180 --> 00:07:56.180 So I took their weapons 00:07:56.180 --> 00:07:58.180 So I made it squeeze in my hand 00:07:58.180 --> 00:08:00.180 Then I said 00:08:00.180 --> 00:08:02.180 And who honored the face of Muhammad 00:08:02.180 --> 00:08:05.180 None of you raise your head 00:08:05.180 --> 00:08:08.180 Unless it hit the one in whose eyes it was 00:08:08.180 --> 00:08:12.220 Then I brought them and took them to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace 00:08:13.220 --> 00:08:15.310 He said 00:08:15.310 --> 00:08:17.310 My uncle Amer came 00:08:17.310 --> 00:08:19.310 With a man from Ablat 00:08:19.310 --> 00:08:21.310 He is called Mukraz 00:08:21.310 --> 00:08:25.310 It leads him to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace 00:08:25.310 --> 00:08:27.310 On a dried mare 00:08:27.310 --> 00:08:30.310 In seventy polytheists 00:08:30.310 --> 00:08:34.340 The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, looked at them 00:08:34.340 --> 00:08:35.340 And he said 00:08:35.340 --> 00:08:37.340 Let them 00:08:37.340 --> 00:08:40.340 It is not for them to initiate and continue immorality 00:08:40.340 --> 00:08:44.340 So the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, pardoned them 00:08:44.340 --> 00:08:46.340 And God sent down 00:09:04.340 --> 00:09:07.500 Al-Hafiz Ibn Katheer said in his interpretation of the verse: 00:09:07.500 --> 00:09:11.500 This is gratitude from God to His faithful servants 00:09:11.500 --> 00:09:14.500 When the hands of the polytheists stopped them 00:09:14.500 --> 00:09:17.500 No harm reached them 00:09:17.500 --> 00:09:20.500 And the hands of the believers of the polytheists 00:09:20.500 --> 00:09:23.500 They did not fight them at the Sacred Mosque 00:09:23.500 --> 00:09:26.500 Rather, he preserved both teams 00:09:26.500 --> 00:09:30.500 And create a reconciliation between them that is good for the believers 00:09:30.500 --> 00:09:34.500 And a consequence for them in this world and the hereafter 00:09:34.500 --> 00:09:37.500 The summary 00:09:37.500 --> 00:09:39.500 In the biography of the Prophet