WEBVTT 00:00:00.430 --> 00:00:03.430 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.430 --> 00:00:08.429 The best of generations in their conduct and example, 00:00:08.429 --> 00:00:13.429 Following the Messenger whenever he strove or spoke. 00:00:13.429 --> 00:00:15.429 Mawaddah Association 00:00:15.429 --> 00:00:17.429 Presents: 00:00:17.429 --> 00:00:21.500 Glimpses from the Lives of the Tabi‘un 00:00:21.500 --> 00:00:25.940 By Dr. ‘Abd al-Rahman Ra’fat al-Basha, 00:00:25.940 --> 00:00:27.940 May Allah have mercy upon him. 00:00:27.940 --> 00:00:33.380 Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar, 00:00:33.380 --> 00:00:35.670 May Allah have mercy upon him. 00:00:42.770 --> 00:00:45.770 We find ourselves now during the Caliphate of the Faruq (the Distinguisher), 00:00:45.770 --> 00:00:47.770 May the pleasure of Allah be upon him. 00:00:47.770 --> 00:00:51.770 And here is the city of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:00:51.770 --> 00:00:53.770 Teeming with the spoils of war 00:00:53.770 --> 00:00:56.770 That the Muslims had secured from the dominion of 00:00:56.770 --> 00:00:59.770 Yazdegerd, the last of the Persian kings. 00:00:59.770 --> 00:01:04.769 It contained the crowns of the Chosroes, encrusted with jewels, 00:01:04.769 --> 00:01:07.769 Their belts adorned with pearls, 00:01:07.769 --> 00:01:11.769 And their swords decorated with rubies and coral, 00:01:11.769 --> 00:01:14.769 Such as no eye had ever beheld before. 00:01:14.769 --> 00:01:18.769 Along with these vast and immense treasures, 00:01:18.769 --> 00:01:21.769 There was a large group of Persian captives. 00:01:21.769 --> 00:01:25.769 Among them were the three daughters of Yazdegerd. 00:01:25.769 --> 00:01:29.900 ‘Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, purchased them for a handsome price, 00:01:29.900 --> 00:01:34.900 And presented them to a group of the brightest Muslim youth. 00:01:34.900 --> 00:01:38.900 One of them chose al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali, 00:01:38.900 --> 00:01:41.900 The grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:41.900 --> 00:01:44.900 And she bore him Zayn al-‘Abidin. 00:01:44.900 --> 00:01:50.900 The second chose Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:01:50.900 --> 00:01:52.900 And she bore him al-Qasim, 00:01:52.900 --> 00:01:55.900 One of the seven jurists of Medina. 00:01:55.900 --> 00:02:00.900 The third chose ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar, the Caliph of the Muslims, 00:02:00.900 --> 00:02:04.900 And she bore him Salim, the grandson of the Faruq, 00:02:04.900 --> 00:02:07.900 And the man most resembling him in character. 00:02:07.900 --> 00:02:14.900 So let us pause to look at luminous images from the life of Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, 00:02:14.900 --> 00:02:18.900 May Allah be pleased with him, his father, and his grandfather. 00:02:18.900 --> 00:02:25.400 Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah was born in the expanse of Medina, 00:02:25.400 --> 00:02:30.400 The resting place of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and the home of his migration. 00:02:30.400 --> 00:02:34.400 In its atmosphere, fragrant with the scents of Prophethood, 00:02:34.400 --> 00:02:38.400 And radiant with the light of revelation, he grew and matured. 00:02:38.400 --> 00:02:42.400 He was raised under the care of his father, the devout and ascetic, 00:02:42.400 --> 00:02:46.400 Who fasted through the scorching heat and stood in prayer through the depths of the night. 00:02:47.400 --> 00:02:50.400 He adopted the character of ‘Umar. 00:02:50.400 --> 00:02:55.400 His father saw in him the signs of piety and the marks of guidance, 00:02:55.400 --> 00:03:00.400 And perceived in his conduct the characteristics of Islam and the ethics of the Qur’an, 00:03:00.400 --> 00:03:04.400 More than he saw in his other children. 00:03:04.400 --> 00:03:08.400 He loved him with a love that possessed the very core of his heart, 00:03:08.400 --> 00:03:11.400 And mingled with the depths of his soul, 00:03:11.400 --> 00:03:14.400 To the point that others blamed him for it. 00:03:14.400 --> 00:03:19.400 He said: "They blame me for Salim, and I blame them; 00:03:19.400 --> 00:03:23.400 Salim is like the skin between the eye and the nose." 00:03:23.400 --> 00:03:27.460 He turned his attention to him, pouring into him what his chest had contained 00:03:27.460 --> 00:03:31.460 Of the hadith of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:03:31.460 --> 00:03:36.460 Teaching him the fiqh of Allah’s religion and instructing him in the Book of Allah. 00:03:36.460 --> 00:03:39.460 Then he sent him to the Sacred Sanctuary. 00:03:39.460 --> 00:03:43.460 The mosque of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:03:43.460 --> 00:03:48.460 Was still filled with a large group of the senior Companions. 00:03:48.460 --> 00:03:52.460 Wherever the young man turned in any of its corners, 00:03:52.460 --> 00:03:56.460 He found before him a star radiating the light of Prophethood, 00:03:56.460 --> 00:04:00.460 And the fragrance of the noble Message. 00:04:00.460 --> 00:04:04.460 Wherever he cast his gaze or lent his ear, 00:04:04.460 --> 00:04:07.460 He saw goodness and heard righteousness. 00:04:07.460 --> 00:04:12.460 Thus, he was enabled to learn from a group of the senior Companions, 00:04:12.460 --> 00:04:15.460 Foremost among them Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, 00:04:15.460 --> 00:04:17.459 Abu Hurayrah, 00:04:17.459 --> 00:04:18.459 Abu Rafi‘, 00:04:18.459 --> 00:04:20.459 Abu Lubabah, 00:04:20.459 --> 00:04:22.459 And Zayd ibn al-Khattab, 00:04:22.459 --> 00:04:26.459 In addition to his father, ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar, 00:04:26.459 --> 00:04:29.459 May Allah be pleased with them all. 00:04:29.459 --> 00:04:33.459 It was not long before he became a beacon among the Muslims, 00:04:33.459 --> 00:04:37.459 And a noble master among the Tabi‘un, 00:04:37.459 --> 00:04:40.459 And one of the jurists of Medina 00:04:40.459 --> 00:04:44.459 To whom the Muslims would turn regarding their religion, 00:04:44.459 --> 00:04:47.459 From whom they would learn the law of their Lord, 00:04:47.459 --> 00:04:52.459 And to whom they would refer in the complex matters of religion and worldly life. 00:04:52.459 --> 00:04:55.459 The governors used to command their judges, 00:04:55.459 --> 00:04:57.459 Whenever cases were presented to them, 00:04:57.459 --> 00:05:00.459 To refer them to these jurists. 00:05:00.459 --> 00:05:02.459 When a question came to them, 00:05:02.459 --> 00:05:05.459 They would gather together and examine it, 00:05:05.459 --> 00:05:10.970 And the judges would not pass judgment except according to their opinion. 00:05:10.970 --> 00:05:13.970 The most fortunate of governors, 00:05:13.970 --> 00:05:15.970 The most well-spoken of, 00:05:15.970 --> 00:05:18.970 The closest to the hearts of the people, 00:05:18.970 --> 00:05:20.970 And the most trusted by the Caliphs, 00:05:20.970 --> 00:05:23.970 Were those who sought the counsel of Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah 00:05:23.970 --> 00:05:25.970 And adhered to his guidance. 00:05:25.970 --> 00:05:28.970 As for those who opposed his command, 00:05:28.970 --> 00:05:31.970 The people of Medina would find them unbearable, 00:05:31.970 --> 00:05:33.970 And would not tolerate their rule. 00:05:33.970 --> 00:05:37.970 An example of this is when ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Dahhak 00:05:37.970 --> 00:05:41.970 Was appointed governor of Medina during the Caliphate of Yazid ibn ‘Abd al-Malik. 00:05:41.970 --> 00:05:45.970 Fatimah bint al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:05:45.970 --> 00:05:47.970 Whose soul was focused on Paradise, 00:05:47.970 --> 00:05:51.970 Had become a widow and devoted herself to her children. 00:05:51.970 --> 00:05:54.970 Ibn al-Dahhak approached her, 00:05:54.970 --> 00:05:56.970 And proposed to her for himself. 00:05:56.970 --> 00:05:59.970 She said, "By Allah, I do not desire marriage; 00:05:59.970 --> 00:06:01.970 I have settled down for the sake of my children, 00:06:01.970 --> 00:06:04.970 And I have dedicated myself to them." 00:06:04.970 --> 00:06:06.970 He began to press her, 00:06:06.970 --> 00:06:10.970 While she tried to excuse herself without being harsh, 00:06:10.970 --> 00:06:12.970 For fear of his evil. 00:06:12.970 --> 00:06:14.970 When he found that she refused him, 00:06:14.970 --> 00:06:16.970 He said to her: 00:06:16.970 --> 00:06:19.970 "By Allah, if you do not accept me as your husband, 00:06:19.970 --> 00:06:21.970 I will take your eldest son, 00:06:21.970 --> 00:06:25.970 And I will have him flogged on the charge of drinking wine." 00:06:25.970 --> 00:06:29.970 She consulted Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah regarding her affair, 00:06:29.970 --> 00:06:34.970 And he advised her to write a letter to the Caliph complaining about the governor, 00:06:34.970 --> 00:06:39.970 And to mention her kinship to the Messenger of Allah, may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:39.970 --> 00:06:42.970 And her close ties to the Prophetic household. 00:06:42.970 --> 00:06:45.000 She wrote the letter, 00:06:45.000 --> 00:06:49.000 And sent it with a messenger to Damascus. 00:06:49.000 --> 00:06:53.759 No sooner had the messenger departed with the letter 00:06:53.759 --> 00:06:56.759 Than the Caliph’s order came to Ibn Hurmuz, 00:06:56.759 --> 00:06:59.759 His official in charge of the treasury in Medina, 00:06:59.759 --> 00:07:03.759 To come to him to submit his accounts. 00:07:04.759 --> 00:07:08.759 Ibn Hurmuz began bidding farewell to those who had claims upon him. 00:07:08.759 --> 00:07:12.759 He asked permission to visit Fatimah bint al-Husayn to say goodbye and said: 00:07:12.759 --> 00:07:15.759 "I am leaving for Damascus; 00:07:15.759 --> 00:07:17.759 Do you have any need?" 00:07:17.759 --> 00:07:19.759 She said, "Yes, 00:07:19.759 --> 00:07:23.759 Inform the Commander of the Faithful of what I am suffering from Ibn al-Dahhak, 00:07:23.759 --> 00:07:25.759 And how he is harassing me, 00:07:25.759 --> 00:07:29.759 And that he does not respect the sanctity of the scholars of Medina, 00:07:29.759 --> 00:07:32.920 Especially Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah." 00:07:32.920 --> 00:07:35.920 Ibn Hurmuz blamed himself for visiting her, 00:07:35.920 --> 00:07:38.920 As he did not want to carry her complaint 00:07:38.920 --> 00:07:41.920 Against Ibn al-Dahhak to the Caliph. 00:07:41.920 --> 00:07:45.360 Ibn Hurmuz arrived in Damascus 00:07:45.360 --> 00:07:48.360 On the same day that the messenger arrived 00:07:48.360 --> 00:07:52.360 Carrying the letter of Fatimah bint al-Husayn. 00:07:52.360 --> 00:07:54.360 When he entered upon the Caliph, 00:07:54.360 --> 00:07:57.360 He asked him about the conditions of Medina, 00:07:57.360 --> 00:08:00.360 And asked him about Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah 00:08:00.360 --> 00:08:02.360 And his companions among the jurists. 00:08:02.360 --> 00:08:04.360 He said to him: 00:08:04.360 --> 00:08:08.360 "Is there any matter of importance worthy of being known, 00:08:08.360 --> 00:08:11.360 Or any serious news worth mentioning?" 00:08:11.360 --> 00:08:16.360 He did not mention anything to him about the story of Fatimah bint al-Husayn, 00:08:16.360 --> 00:08:21.360 Nor did he hint at the governor’s stance toward Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah. 00:08:21.360 --> 00:08:25.360 While he was sitting with him, submitting his accounts, 00:08:25.360 --> 00:08:28.360 The chamberlain entered and said: 00:08:28.360 --> 00:08:30.360 "May Allah grant success to the Prince, 00:08:30.360 --> 00:08:34.360 At the door is the messenger of Fatimah bint al-Husayn." 00:08:34.360 --> 00:08:37.360 The face of Ibn Hurmuz changed, and he said: 00:08:37.360 --> 00:08:39.360 "May Allah prolong the life of the Prince, 00:08:39.360 --> 00:08:42.360 Fatimah bint al-Husayn 00:08:42.360 --> 00:08:44.360 Entrusted me with a message for you," 00:08:44.360 --> 00:08:46.360 And he told him the news. 00:08:46.360 --> 00:08:49.360 As soon as the Caliph heard his words, 00:08:49.360 --> 00:08:52.360 He stepped down from his throne and said: 00:08:52.360 --> 00:08:54.360 "I cannot believe it! 00:08:54.360 --> 00:08:57.360 Did I not ask you about the affairs of Medina and its news? 00:08:57.360 --> 00:09:01.360 Can you have such news and hide it from me?" 00:09:01.360 --> 00:09:04.360 He apologized to him, citing forgetfulness. 00:09:04.360 --> 00:09:07.360 Then he gave permission for the messenger to be brought in. 00:09:07.360 --> 00:09:10.360 He took the letter from him and opened it, 00:09:10.360 --> 00:09:14.360 And began reading it while sparks of anger flew from his eyes. 00:09:14.360 --> 00:09:19.360 He began striking the ground with a cane he held in his hand, saying: 00:09:19.360 --> 00:09:25.360 "Ibn al-Dahhak has dared to act against the family of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:09:25.360 --> 00:09:29.389 And he did not listen to the advice of Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah regarding them. 00:09:29.389 --> 00:09:34.389 Is there any man who can make me hear his voice while he is being punished in Medina, 00:09:34.389 --> 00:09:37.389 While I am on this bed of mine in Damascus?" 00:09:37.389 --> 00:09:39.389 He meant the voice of Ibn al-Dahhak. 00:09:39.389 --> 00:09:41.460 It was said to him: 00:09:41.460 --> 00:09:43.460 "Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, 00:09:43.460 --> 00:09:48.460 There is no one for Medina but ‘Abd al-Wahid ibn Bishr al-Nazari; 00:09:48.460 --> 00:09:50.460 Appoint him over it, 00:09:50.460 --> 00:09:53.460 For he is currently residing in Ta’if." 00:09:53.460 --> 00:09:57.460 He said, "Yes, by Allah, yes, he is the one for it." 00:09:57.460 --> 00:10:01.460 Then he called for parchment and wrote with his own hand: 00:10:01.460 --> 00:10:04.460 "From the Commander of the Faithful, Yazid ibn ‘Abd al-Malik, 00:10:04.460 --> 00:10:07.460 To ‘Abd al-Wahid ibn Bishr al-Nazari: 00:10:07.460 --> 00:10:09.460 Peace be upon you. 00:10:09.460 --> 00:10:11.460 To proceed: 00:10:11.460 --> 00:10:13.460 I have appointed you over Medina. 00:10:13.460 --> 00:10:16.460 When this letter of mine reaches you, 00:10:16.460 --> 00:10:20.460 Proceed to it, remove Ibn al-Dahhak from his post, 00:10:20.460 --> 00:10:25.460 Impose upon him a fine of forty thousand dinars, 00:10:25.460 --> 00:10:29.460 And punish him until I hear his voice from Medina." 00:10:29.460 --> 00:10:34.120 The courier took the letter, 00:10:34.120 --> 00:10:38.120 And set off, quickening his pace toward Ta’if by way of Medina. 00:10:38.120 --> 00:10:40.120 When he reached Medina, 00:10:40.120 --> 00:10:43.120 He did not enter upon its governor, Ibn al-Dahhak, 00:10:43.120 --> 00:10:45.120 Nor did he greet him. 00:10:45.120 --> 00:10:48.120 The governor felt a sense of fear in his heart, 00:10:48.120 --> 00:10:51.120 And sent for him, inviting him to his house, 00:10:51.120 --> 00:10:53.120 And asked him the reason for his arrival. 00:10:53.120 --> 00:10:56.120 He did not reveal anything to him. 00:10:56.120 --> 00:10:59.120 Ibn al-Dahhak lifted the edge of his cushion and said: 00:10:59.120 --> 00:11:01.120 "Look." 00:11:01.120 --> 00:11:04.120 He looked, and there was a bag filled with dinars. 00:11:04.120 --> 00:11:06.120 He said: 00:11:06.120 --> 00:11:08.120 "This is one thousand dinars, 00:11:08.120 --> 00:11:11.120 And you have my covenant and pledge before Allah, 00:11:11.120 --> 00:11:15.120 If you inform me of your destination and what you are carrying, 00:11:15.120 --> 00:11:17.120 I shall hand it over to you, 00:11:17.120 --> 00:11:19.120 and I will keep it a secret. 00:11:19.120 --> 00:11:20.120 He informed him. 00:11:20.120 --> 00:11:23.120 So he handed the money to him and said, 00:11:23.120 --> 00:11:25.120 "Wait here for three nights, 00:11:25.120 --> 00:11:27.120 until I reach Damascus, 00:11:27.120 --> 00:11:32.100 and then I shall proceed with what I have been commanded." 00:11:32.100 --> 00:11:34.100 Ibn al-Dahhak prepared his mounts, 00:11:34.100 --> 00:11:37.100 and departed from Medina immediately. 00:11:37.100 --> 00:11:40.100 He set off, urging his mounts toward Damascus. 00:11:40.100 --> 00:11:42.100 When he reached it, 00:11:42.100 --> 00:11:46.100 he entered upon the Caliph’s brother, Maslamah Ibn 'Abd al-Malik, 00:11:46.100 --> 00:11:50.200 who was a noble, generous leader and a man of great courage. 00:11:50.200 --> 00:11:53.200 When he stood before him, he said, 00:11:53.200 --> 00:11:56.200 "I am under your protection, O Prince." 00:11:56.200 --> 00:12:00.200 He replied, "Rejoice in goodness; what is your affair?" 00:12:00.200 --> 00:12:04.200 He said, "The Commander of the Faithful is angry with me, 00:12:04.200 --> 00:12:06.200 because of a mistake I committed," 00:12:06.200 --> 00:12:08.200 meaning a slip. 00:12:08.200 --> 00:12:11.259 So Maslamah went to Yazid and said, 00:12:11.259 --> 00:12:15.299 "I have a request for the Commander of the Faithful." 00:12:15.299 --> 00:12:16.299 Yazid replied, 00:12:16.299 --> 00:12:19.299 "Every request of yours is granted, 00:12:19.299 --> 00:12:21.299 as long as it does not concern Ibn al-Dahhak." 00:12:21.299 --> 00:12:26.299 He said, "By Allah, I have only come to you for his sake." 00:12:26.299 --> 00:12:30.299 He replied, "By Allah, I will never pardon him." 00:12:30.299 --> 00:12:32.299 He asked, "And what is his crime?" 00:12:32.299 --> 00:12:36.299 He said, "He harassed Fatimah bint al-Husayn, 00:12:36.299 --> 00:12:40.299 threatened her, intimidated her, and caused her distress, 00:12:40.299 --> 00:12:44.299 and he did not listen to the counsel of Salim Ibn 'Abd Allah regarding her." 00:12:44.299 --> 00:12:48.299 Consequently, all the poets of Medina began to satirize him, 00:12:48.299 --> 00:12:52.299 and all its righteous people and scholars began to condemn him. 00:12:52.299 --> 00:12:54.299 Maslamah said, 00:12:54.299 --> 00:12:58.299 "The matter is yours to decide with him, O Commander of the Faithful." 00:12:58.299 --> 00:13:00.299 Yazid said, 00:13:00.299 --> 00:13:02.299 "Order him to return to Medina, 00:13:02.299 --> 00:13:05.299 so that its new governor may carry out my command regarding him, 00:13:05.299 --> 00:13:10.929 and make him an example for other governors." 00:13:10.929 --> 00:13:15.929 The people of Medina rejoiced greatly at their new governor, 00:13:15.929 --> 00:13:20.929 for they saw his firmness in executing the Caliph’s order regarding Ibn al-Dahhak, 00:13:20.929 --> 00:13:22.929 and they became even more attached to him, 00:13:22.929 --> 00:13:25.929 when they found him following the path of goodness, 00:13:25.929 --> 00:13:28.929 and never deciding any of their affairs, 00:13:28.929 --> 00:13:32.929 without consulting al-Qasim Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr, 00:13:32.929 --> 00:13:36.120 and Salim Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn 'Umar. 00:13:36.120 --> 00:13:40.120 So bravo to the Caliph of the Muslims, Yazid Ibn 'Abd al-Malik, 00:13:40.120 --> 00:13:43.120 and honor to the great Islam, 00:13:43.120 --> 00:13:46.120 which created these ideals, 00:13:46.120 --> 00:13:49.179 and fashioned those men. 00:13:49.179 --> 00:13:53.179 And until another meeting with the noble Tabi'un, 00:13:53.179 --> 00:14:00.450 Salim Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab. 00:14:00.450 --> 00:14:03.450 Salim was a reliable authority, 00:14:03.450 --> 00:14:09.090 a narrator of many hadiths, highly regarded among men, and pious. 00:14:09.090 --> 00:14:12.559 Ibn Sa'd. 00:14:19.559 --> 00:14:24.559 They were here, watering the clouds of our lives, 00:14:24.559 --> 00:14:29.559 they passed away, yet their memory rises high within us. 00:14:29.559 --> 00:14:34.559 They departed and cast a question into the conscience: 00:14:34.559 --> 00:14:39.559 Is there a star like them that has risen and shone? 00:14:39.559 --> 00:14:44.559 They filled life with glories through their deeds, 00:14:44.559 --> 00:14:48.620 and the world of the ego flourished through them.