1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,000 --> 00:00:09,000 O you who recite the words of the Prophet and explain them, 3 00:00:09,000 --> 00:00:15,000 How beautiful is your voice when it calls to guidance! 4 00:00:15,000 --> 00:00:18,000 The biographies of the authors of the Six Books, 5 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:23,899 Six biographies filled with beauty and majesty, 6 00:00:23,899 --> 00:00:29,899 Summarized with care from that unique and magnificent book, 7 00:00:29,899 --> 00:00:32,929 Biographies of the most noble of the noble, 8 00:00:32,929 --> 00:00:37,219 By Imam al-Dhahabi, may Allah have mercy on him. 9 00:00:37,219 --> 00:00:43,219 Prepared by Shaykh Muhammad al-Muhanna, may Allah preserve him. 10 00:00:53,219 --> 00:00:56,219 Imam al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy on him. 11 00:00:56,219 --> 00:01:00,079 Abu 'Abdullah al-Bukhari. 12 00:01:00,079 --> 00:01:05,079 Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Mughirah ibn Bardizbah. 13 00:01:05,079 --> 00:01:10,079 "Bardizbah" is a Bukharan term meaning "the farmer." 14 00:01:10,079 --> 00:01:15,370 His grandfather, al-Mughirah, accepted Islam at the hands of al-Yaman al-Ju'fi, the governor of Bukhara. 15 00:01:15,370 --> 00:01:19,370 His father, Isma'il ibn Ibrahim, sought knowledge. 16 00:01:19,370 --> 00:01:22,370 Ishaq ibn Ahmad ibn Khalaf said: 17 00:01:22,370 --> 00:01:24,370 I heard al-Bukhari say: 18 00:01:24,370 --> 00:01:27,370 My father heard from Malik ibn Anas, 19 00:01:27,370 --> 00:01:29,370 And he saw Hammad ibn Zayd, 20 00:01:29,370 --> 00:01:32,370 And he shook hands with Ibn al-Mubarak with both his hands. 21 00:01:32,370 --> 00:01:37,719 Abu 'Abdullah was born in Shawwal in the year 194 AH. 22 00:01:37,719 --> 00:01:39,719 Ibn Abi Hatim said: 23 00:01:39,719 --> 00:01:41,719 I said to Abu 'Abdullah: 24 00:01:41,719 --> 00:01:43,719 How did your journey begin? 25 00:01:43,719 --> 00:01:44,719 He said: 26 00:01:44,719 --> 00:01:48,719 The love for memorizing hadith was inspired in me while I was still in primary school. 27 00:01:48,719 --> 00:01:50,719 I asked, "How old were you?" 28 00:01:50,719 --> 00:01:51,719 He replied: 29 00:01:51,719 --> 00:01:54,719 "Ten years old or less." 30 00:01:54,719 --> 00:01:57,719 Then I left school after I turned ten. 31 00:01:58,719 --> 00:02:01,719 I began attending the sessions of al-Dakhili and others. 32 00:02:01,719 --> 00:02:04,719 One day, al-Dakhili said: 33 00:02:04,719 --> 00:02:08,719 "Sufyan narrated to us, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Ibrahim." 34 00:02:08,719 --> 00:02:09,719 I said to him: 35 00:02:09,719 --> 00:02:12,719 "Abu al-Zubayr did not narrate from Ibrahim." 36 00:02:12,719 --> 00:02:14,719 He scolded me. 37 00:02:14,719 --> 00:02:15,719 I said to him: 38 00:02:15,719 --> 00:02:17,719 "Check your original source." 39 00:02:17,719 --> 00:02:19,719 He went in, looked at it, 40 00:02:19,719 --> 00:02:21,719 Then came out and said to me: 41 00:02:21,719 --> 00:02:23,719 "How is it, young man?" 42 00:02:23,719 --> 00:02:24,719 I said: 43 00:02:24,719 --> 00:02:27,719 "It is al-Zubayr ibn 'Adi, from Ibrahim." 44 00:02:27,719 --> 00:02:29,719 He said, "You are correct." 45 00:02:29,719 --> 00:02:31,719 Al-Bukhari was asked: 46 00:02:31,719 --> 00:02:34,719 "How old were you when you corrected him?" 47 00:02:34,719 --> 00:02:35,719 He said: 48 00:02:35,719 --> 00:02:38,750 "Eleven years old." 49 00:02:38,750 --> 00:02:39,750 He said: 50 00:02:39,750 --> 00:02:42,750 "When I reached sixteen, 51 00:02:42,750 --> 00:02:46,750 I had already memorized the books of Ibn al-Mubarak and Waki', 52 00:02:46,750 --> 00:02:48,750 And I was familiar with their views." 53 00:02:48,750 --> 00:02:52,750 Then I went out with my mother and my brother Ahmad to Makkah. 54 00:02:52,750 --> 00:02:54,750 After I performed Hajj, 55 00:02:54,750 --> 00:02:56,750 My brother returned with my mother, 56 00:02:56,750 --> 00:03:01,479 And I remained behind to seek hadith. 57 00:03:01,479 --> 00:03:05,479 Mention of his teachers and companions. 58 00:03:05,479 --> 00:03:09,800 Al-Bukhari heard hadith in Bukhara before he traveled, 59 00:03:09,800 --> 00:03:13,800 From 'Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah al-Ju'fi, 60 00:03:13,800 --> 00:03:16,800 And Muhammad ibn Salam al-Baykandi, 61 00:03:16,800 --> 00:03:19,800 And a group who were not among his major teachers. 62 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:23,800 Then he heard in Balkh from Makki ibn Ibrahim, 63 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:25,800 Who was one of his teachers with the highest chains of narration. 64 00:03:25,800 --> 00:03:29,800 And in Nishapur from Yahya ibn Yahya and others. 65 00:03:29,800 --> 00:03:31,800 And in Baghdad, 66 00:03:31,800 --> 00:03:34,800 When he arrived in Iraq at the end of the year 210 AH, 67 00:03:34,800 --> 00:03:37,800 From Muhammad ibn 'Isa ibn al-Tabba', 68 00:03:37,800 --> 00:03:41,800 And Surayj ibn al-Nu'man and 'Affan. 69 00:03:41,800 --> 00:03:45,800 And in Basra from Abu 'Asim al-Nabil and al-Ansari, 70 00:03:45,800 --> 00:03:48,800 And Hajjaj ibn Minhal and several others. 71 00:03:48,800 --> 00:03:52,800 And in Kufa from 'Ubaydullah ibn Musa and Abu Nu'aym, 72 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:55,800 And Khalid ibn Makhlad and Talq ibn Ghannam. 73 00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:59,800 And in Makkah from Hassan ibn Hassan al-Basri, 74 00:03:59,800 --> 00:04:02,800 And Abu al-Walid al-Azraqi and al-Humaydi. 75 00:04:02,800 --> 00:04:05,800 And in Madinah from 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Uwaysi, 76 00:04:05,800 --> 00:04:08,800 And Ayyub ibn Sulayman ibn Bilal, 77 00:04:08,800 --> 00:04:11,800 And Isma'il ibn Abi Uways. 78 00:04:11,800 --> 00:04:14,800 And in Egypt from Sa'id ibn Abi Maryam, 79 00:04:14,800 --> 00:04:16,800 And 'Abdullah ibn Yusuf, 80 00:04:16,800 --> 00:04:18,800 And Asbagh and several others. 81 00:04:18,800 --> 00:04:21,800 And in the Levant from Abu al-Yaman, 82 00:04:21,800 --> 00:04:23,800 And Adam ibn Abi Iyas, 83 00:04:23,800 --> 00:04:25,800 And 'Ali ibn 'Ayyash. 84 00:04:25,800 --> 00:04:28,800 He also heard from Abu al-Mughirah 'Abd al-Quddus, 85 00:04:28,800 --> 00:04:31,800 And Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Wahbi, 86 00:04:31,800 --> 00:04:34,800 And Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Firyabi, 87 00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:37,800 And Abu Mushir, and many others. 88 00:04:37,800 --> 00:04:40,800 His scribe, Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim, said: 89 00:04:40,800 --> 00:04:42,800 I heard him say: 90 00:04:42,800 --> 00:04:44,800 "I entered Balkh, 91 00:04:44,800 --> 00:04:49,800 And they asked me to dictate to them a hadith for everyone I had written from. 92 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:54,800 So I dictated one thousand hadiths for one thousand men from whom I had written." 93 00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:59,800 He said: I heard him a month before his death saying: 94 00:04:59,800 --> 00:05:02,800 "I wrote from one thousand and eighty men, 95 00:05:02,800 --> 00:05:05,800 None of whom were anything but scholars of hadith. 96 00:05:05,800 --> 00:05:07,800 All of them used to say: 97 00:05:07,800 --> 00:05:12,800 'Faith is speech and action; it increases and decreases.'" 98 00:05:12,800 --> 00:05:15,800 He said: I heard al-Bukhari say: 99 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:18,800 "I entered Baghdad eight times, 100 00:05:18,800 --> 00:05:22,800 And each time I sat with Ahmad ibn Hanbal." 101 00:05:22,800 --> 00:05:25,800 In the last meeting when I bade him farewell, he said to me: 102 00:05:25,800 --> 00:05:27,800 "O Abu 'Abdullah, 103 00:05:27,800 --> 00:05:31,800 You are leaving knowledge and the people to go to Khurasan?" 104 00:05:31,800 --> 00:05:34,930 A great number of people narrated from him, 105 00:05:34,930 --> 00:05:36,930 Among them Abu 'Isa al-Tirmidhi, 106 00:05:36,930 --> 00:05:37,930 And Abu Hatim, 107 00:05:37,930 --> 00:05:39,930 And Ibrahim al-Harbi, 108 00:05:39,930 --> 00:05:41,930 And Ibn Abi al-Dunya, 109 00:05:41,930 --> 00:05:42,930 And Ibn Abi 'Asim, 110 00:05:42,930 --> 00:05:44,930 And Ibn Khuzaymah, 111 00:05:44,930 --> 00:05:46,930 And Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Farabri, 112 00:05:46,930 --> 00:05:48,930 The narrator of the Sahih, 113 00:05:48,930 --> 00:05:50,930 And countless others. 114 00:05:50,930 --> 00:05:53,930 Muslim also narrated from him in works other than his Sahih. 115 00:05:53,930 --> 00:05:57,930 Our teacher, Abu al-Hajjaj al-Mizzi, has arranged 116 00:05:57,930 --> 00:06:01,930 The teachers and companions of al-Bukhari alphabetically, as is his custom, 117 00:06:01,930 --> 00:06:03,930 And he mentioned a great many of them. 118 00:06:03,930 --> 00:06:11,069 Mention of his travels, his studies, and his works. 119 00:06:11,069 --> 00:06:13,579 Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim said: 120 00:06:13,579 --> 00:06:15,579 I heard Abu 'Abdullah, 121 00:06:15,579 --> 00:06:18,579 Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari, say: 122 00:06:18,579 --> 00:06:21,579 "I performed Hajj with my brother and my mother, 123 00:06:21,579 --> 00:06:23,579 And my brother returned with my mother, 124 00:06:23,579 --> 00:06:26,579 While I remained behind to seek hadith." 125 00:06:26,579 --> 00:06:29,620 "When I turned eighteen, 126 00:06:29,620 --> 00:06:34,620 I began to compile the legal rulings of the Companions and the Tabi'un and their opinions. 127 00:06:34,620 --> 00:06:36,620 I also compiled the book of History (al-Tarikh), 128 00:06:36,620 --> 00:06:40,620 At that time, near the grave of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 129 00:06:40,620 --> 00:06:42,620 On moonlit nights." 130 00:06:42,620 --> 00:06:44,620 "There is no name in the History, 131 00:06:44,620 --> 00:06:46,620 Except that it has a story, 132 00:06:46,620 --> 00:06:49,620 But I disliked making the book too long." 133 00:06:49,620 --> 00:06:53,680 "I used to attend the sessions of the jurists in Marw when I was a boy. 134 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:57,680 When I arrived, I would be too shy to greet them." 135 00:06:57,680 --> 00:07:00,680 A teacher from among them said to me: 136 00:07:00,680 --> 00:07:02,680 "How much have you written today?" 137 00:07:02,680 --> 00:07:04,680 I said, "Two." 138 00:07:04,680 --> 00:07:06,680 Meaning two hadiths. 139 00:07:06,680 --> 00:07:09,680 Those present in the gathering laughed. 140 00:07:09,680 --> 00:07:11,680 A shaykh among them said: 141 00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:12,680 "Do not laugh, 142 00:07:12,680 --> 00:07:15,680 For perhaps he will one day make you laugh [at your own ignorance]." 143 00:07:15,680 --> 00:07:20,000 "I visited al-Humaydi when I was eighteen years old, 144 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:24,000 And there was a disagreement between him and another man regarding a hadith. 145 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:27,000 When he saw me, al-Humaydi said: 146 00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:30,000 'The one who will settle our dispute has arrived.' 147 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:31,000 They presented it to me, 148 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:35,000 And I ruled in favor of al-Humaydi against the one who disagreed with him." 149 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:37,129 Abu Bakr al-A'yan said: 150 00:07:37,129 --> 00:07:40,129 We came to al-Bukhari and wrote from him, 151 00:07:40,129 --> 00:07:42,129 And there was not a single hair on his face [he was so young]. 152 00:07:42,129 --> 00:07:44,129 We said to him: 153 00:07:44,129 --> 00:07:45,129 "How old are you?" 154 00:07:45,129 --> 00:07:46,129 He said: 155 00:07:46,129 --> 00:07:49,129 "Seventeen years old." 156 00:07:49,129 --> 00:07:50,259 Al-Bukhari said: 157 00:07:50,259 --> 00:07:53,259 "Whenever I wrote from a man, 158 00:07:53,259 --> 00:07:55,259 I would ask him his name, his kunya, 159 00:07:55,259 --> 00:07:58,259 His lineage, and his status in hadith, 160 00:07:58,259 --> 00:08:00,259 If the man was intelligent. 161 00:08:00,259 --> 00:08:02,259 If he was not intelligent, 162 00:08:02,259 --> 00:08:05,259 I would ask him to show me his original source." 163 00:08:05,259 --> 00:08:07,379 Al-'Abbas al-Duri said: 164 00:08:07,379 --> 00:08:10,379 I have never seen anyone who knew how to seek hadith 165 00:08:10,379 --> 00:08:12,379 Like Muhammad ibn Isma'il. 166 00:08:12,379 --> 00:08:15,379 He would not leave a root or a branch [of a chain of narration], 167 00:08:15,379 --> 00:08:17,379 But he would extract it. 168 00:08:17,379 --> 00:08:18,509 Al-Bukhari said: 169 00:08:18,509 --> 00:08:21,509 "I was with Ishaq ibn Rahwayh, 170 00:08:21,509 --> 00:08:23,509 And some of our companions said: 171 00:08:23,509 --> 00:08:26,509 'If only you would compile a concise book 172 00:08:26,509 --> 00:08:29,509 Of the Sunnah of the Prophet, peace be upon him.' 173 00:08:29,509 --> 00:08:31,509 That suggestion settled in my heart, 174 00:08:31,509 --> 00:08:34,509 So I began to compile this book." 175 00:08:34,509 --> 00:08:36,509 Al-Farabri said: 176 00:08:36,509 --> 00:08:39,509 Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari said to me: 177 00:08:39,509 --> 00:08:42,509 "I did not include a single hadith in the Sahih, 178 00:08:42,509 --> 00:08:45,509 Except that I performed ghusl before it, 179 00:08:45,509 --> 00:08:47,509 And prayed two rak'ahs." 180 00:08:47,509 --> 00:08:49,509 Ibrahim ibn Ma'qal said: 181 00:08:49,509 --> 00:08:52,509 I heard al-Bukhari say: 182 00:08:52,509 --> 00:08:54,509 "I have not included in this book 183 00:08:54,509 --> 00:08:56,509 Anything but what is authentic, 184 00:08:56,509 --> 00:08:58,509 And I left out some authentic hadiths, 185 00:08:58,509 --> 00:09:00,509 So that the book would not become too long." 186 00:09:00,509 --> 00:09:02,580 Muhammad ibn Yusuf said: 187 00:09:02,580 --> 00:09:05,580 I was with Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari 188 00:09:05,580 --> 00:09:07,580 At his house one night, 189 00:09:07,580 --> 00:09:10,580 And I counted that he got up and lit his lamp 190 00:09:10,580 --> 00:09:13,580 To recall things and make notes, 191 00:09:13,580 --> 00:09:16,580 Eighteen times in one night. 192 00:09:16,580 --> 00:09:20,669 Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim the scribe said: 193 00:09:20,669 --> 00:09:22,669 Abu 'Abdullah, 194 00:09:22,669 --> 00:09:24,669 Whenever I was with him on a journey, 195 00:09:24,669 --> 00:09:26,669 We would share one room. 196 00:09:26,669 --> 00:09:29,669 I would see him get up in a single night 197 00:09:29,669 --> 00:09:33,669 Fifteen to twenty times. 198 00:09:33,669 --> 00:09:36,669 Each time he would take his flint, 199 00:09:36,669 --> 00:09:38,669 He would kindle a fire and light a lamp. 200 00:09:38,669 --> 00:09:42,669 Then he would bring out hadiths and mark them. 201 00:09:42,669 --> 00:09:44,669 Al-Bukhari said: 202 00:09:44,669 --> 00:09:47,669 "I compiled the Sahih over sixteen years, 203 00:09:47,669 --> 00:09:52,799 and I made it a proof between myself and Allah the Exalted." 204 00:09:52,799 --> 00:09:54,799 Al-Najm ibn al-Fudayl said: 205 00:09:54,799 --> 00:09:57,799 "I saw the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 206 00:09:57,799 --> 00:09:59,799 in a dream as if he were walking, 207 00:09:59,799 --> 00:10:02,799 and Muhammad ibn Isma'il was walking behind him. 208 00:10:02,799 --> 00:10:05,799 Whenever the Prophet, peace be upon him, raised 209 00:10:05,799 --> 00:10:09,799 his foot, Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari would place 210 00:10:09,799 --> 00:10:12,799 his own foot in the exact spot where the Prophet, 211 00:10:12,799 --> 00:10:15,799 peace be upon him, had lifted his from." 212 00:10:15,799 --> 00:10:22,980 A mention of his memorization, vast knowledge, and intelligence. 213 00:10:22,980 --> 00:10:26,679 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Bukhari said: 214 00:10:26,679 --> 00:10:29,679 "I heard Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari 215 00:10:29,679 --> 00:10:33,679 say: 'I met more than a thousand men 216 00:10:33,679 --> 00:10:36,679 from the people of the Hijaz, Iraq, al-Sham, and Egypt. 217 00:10:37,679 --> 00:10:39,679 I met them multiple times; 218 00:10:39,679 --> 00:10:42,679 the people of al-Sham, Egypt, and the Jazirah twice, 219 00:10:42,679 --> 00:10:45,679 the people of Basra four times, 220 00:10:45,679 --> 00:10:48,679 and I spent six years in the Hijaz. 221 00:10:48,679 --> 00:10:51,679 I cannot count how many times I entered Kufa and Baghdad.'" 222 00:10:51,679 --> 00:10:53,679 Then he said: 223 00:10:53,679 --> 00:10:57,679 "I never saw one of them disagree on these matters: 224 00:10:57,679 --> 00:11:00,679 that faith is both speech and action, 225 00:11:00,679 --> 00:11:03,710 and that the Qur'an is the word of Allah." 226 00:11:03,710 --> 00:11:06,710 Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim al-Warraq said: 227 00:11:06,710 --> 00:11:10,710 "I heard Hashid ibn Isma'il and another man saying: 228 00:11:10,710 --> 00:11:13,710 'Abu 'Abd Allah al-Bukhari used to accompany us 229 00:11:13,710 --> 00:11:16,710 to the scholars of Basra while he was still a youth, 230 00:11:16,710 --> 00:11:18,710 yet he would not write anything down. 231 00:11:18,710 --> 00:11:21,710 This continued for several days, 232 00:11:21,710 --> 00:11:23,710 so we said to him: 233 00:11:23,710 --> 00:11:26,710 "You accompany us but do not write; 234 00:11:26,710 --> 00:11:28,710 what are you doing?" 235 00:11:28,710 --> 00:11:31,710 After sixteen days, he said to us: 236 00:11:31,710 --> 00:11:35,710 "You have pressed me and insisted too much; 237 00:11:35,710 --> 00:11:38,710 so present to me what you have written." 238 00:11:38,710 --> 00:11:41,710 We brought out what we had, 239 00:11:41,710 --> 00:11:44,710 and he read it all back to us from memory.' 240 00:11:44,710 --> 00:11:46,710 Then he said: 241 00:11:46,710 --> 00:11:50,710 'Do you think I attend in vain and waste my days?' 242 00:11:50,710 --> 00:11:53,710 We realized then that no one could surpass him." 243 00:11:53,710 --> 00:11:55,710 He said: 244 00:11:55,710 --> 00:11:57,710 "And I heard them both say: 245 00:11:57,710 --> 00:12:00,710 'The knowledgeable people of Basra 246 00:12:00,710 --> 00:12:03,710 would follow him in pursuit of hadith while he was still a young man, 247 00:12:03,710 --> 00:12:06,710 until they would overwhelm him 248 00:12:06,710 --> 00:12:09,710 and make him sit in the middle of the road, 249 00:12:09,710 --> 00:12:11,710 where thousands would gather around him, 250 00:12:11,710 --> 00:12:13,710 most of whom were writing down from him, 251 00:12:13,710 --> 00:12:17,710 even though he was a youth whose facial hair had not yet grown.'" 252 00:12:17,710 --> 00:12:21,710 Abu Ahmad 'Abd Allah ibn 'Adi al-Hafiz said: 253 00:12:21,710 --> 00:12:24,710 "I heard several scholars narrate 254 00:12:24,710 --> 00:12:28,710 that when Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari arrived in Baghdad, 255 00:12:28,710 --> 00:12:31,710 the hadith scholars heard of him, 256 00:12:31,710 --> 00:12:34,710 so they gathered and selected one hundred hadiths, 257 00:12:34,710 --> 00:12:37,710 then they swapped their texts and chains of narration, 258 00:12:37,710 --> 00:12:40,710 attaching the text of one chain to another, 259 00:12:40,710 --> 00:12:43,710 and the chain of one text to another. 260 00:12:43,710 --> 00:12:46,710 They gave ten hadiths to each of ten men, 261 00:12:46,710 --> 00:12:49,710 to present them to al-Bukhari in the assembly. 262 00:12:49,710 --> 00:12:51,710 The people gathered, 263 00:12:51,710 --> 00:12:53,710 and one of them stood up 264 00:12:53,710 --> 00:12:56,710 and asked al-Bukhari about one of his ten hadiths. 265 00:12:56,710 --> 00:12:59,710 He replied, 'I do not know it.' 266 00:12:59,710 --> 00:13:01,710 He asked him about another, 267 00:13:01,710 --> 00:13:03,710 and he said, 'I do not know it.' 268 00:13:03,710 --> 00:13:06,840 And so it went until he finished his ten. 269 00:13:06,840 --> 00:13:09,840 The jurists began looking at one another, 270 00:13:09,840 --> 00:13:12,840 saying, 'The man understands.' 271 00:13:12,840 --> 00:13:17,840 Those who did not know better judged al-Bukhari to be incapable. 272 00:13:17,840 --> 00:13:19,840 Then another stood up, 273 00:13:19,840 --> 00:13:21,840 and did as the first had done, 274 00:13:21,840 --> 00:13:24,840 with al-Bukhari saying, 'I do not know it.' 275 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:26,840 Then the third, 276 00:13:26,840 --> 00:13:28,840 and so on until the tenth, 277 00:13:28,840 --> 00:13:31,840 and he would add nothing more than 'I do not know it.' 278 00:13:31,840 --> 00:13:34,840 When he knew they had finished, 279 00:13:34,840 --> 00:13:37,840 he turned to the first of them and said: 280 00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:39,840 'As for your first hadith, it is such-and-such, 281 00:13:39,840 --> 00:13:41,840 the second is such-and-such, 282 00:13:41,840 --> 00:13:43,840 the third is such-and-such,' 283 00:13:43,840 --> 00:13:45,840 continuing to the tenth. 284 00:13:45,840 --> 00:13:47,840 He restored every text to its proper chain, 285 00:13:47,840 --> 00:13:50,840 and did the same for the others. 286 00:13:50,840 --> 00:13:53,840 The people then acknowledged his mastery." 287 00:13:53,840 --> 00:13:55,840 Muhammad ibn Khamirawayh said: 288 00:13:55,840 --> 00:13:59,840 "I heard Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari say: 289 00:13:59,840 --> 00:14:02,840 'I have memorized one hundred thousand authentic hadiths, 290 00:14:02,840 --> 00:14:09,049 and I have memorized two hundred thousand non-authentic hadiths.'" 291 00:14:09,049 --> 00:14:12,690 A mention of the praise of the Imams for him. 292 00:14:12,690 --> 00:14:15,690 Sulaym ibn Mujahid said: 293 00:14:15,690 --> 00:14:18,690 "I entered upon Muhammad ibn Salam al-Baykandi, 294 00:14:18,690 --> 00:14:20,690 and he said: 295 00:14:20,690 --> 00:14:21,690 'Had you come earlier, 296 00:14:21,690 --> 00:14:25,690 you would have seen a boy who memorizes seventy thousand hadiths.' 297 00:14:25,690 --> 00:14:26,690 He said: 298 00:14:26,690 --> 00:14:29,690 'I went out in search of him until I caught up with him, 299 00:14:29,690 --> 00:14:30,690 and I said to him: 300 00:14:30,690 --> 00:14:32,690 "Are you the one who says 301 00:14:32,690 --> 00:14:35,690 that you memorize seventy thousand hadiths?" 302 00:14:35,690 --> 00:14:37,690 He said, "Yes, and more. 303 00:14:37,690 --> 00:14:41,690 I will not bring you a hadith from the Companions or the Tabi'un 304 00:14:41,690 --> 00:14:47,690 without telling you the birth, death, and residence of most of them."'" 305 00:14:47,690 --> 00:14:49,690 Yahya ibn Ja'far said— 306 00:14:49,690 --> 00:14:51,690 he is al-Baykandi— 307 00:14:51,690 --> 00:14:57,690 "If I could add to the life of Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari from my own, I would have done so, 308 00:14:57,690 --> 00:15:00,690 for my death would be the death of one man, 309 00:15:00,690 --> 00:15:03,690 while his death would be the loss of knowledge." 310 00:15:03,690 --> 00:15:06,690 Qutaybah was asked about the divorce of an intoxicated person, 311 00:15:06,690 --> 00:15:08,690 and he said to the questioner: 312 00:15:08,690 --> 00:15:10,690 "This is Ahmad ibn Hanbal, 313 00:15:10,690 --> 00:15:13,690 Ibn al-Madini, and Ibn Rahawayh; 314 00:15:13,690 --> 00:15:15,690 Allah has brought them to you," 315 00:15:15,690 --> 00:15:19,690 and he pointed to Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari. 316 00:15:19,690 --> 00:15:22,690 Nu'aym ibn Hammad said: 317 00:15:22,690 --> 00:15:25,690 "Muhammad ibn Isma'il is the jurist of this Ummah." 318 00:15:25,690 --> 00:15:27,750 Al-Farabri said: 319 00:15:27,750 --> 00:15:29,750 "I heard al-Bukhari say: 320 00:15:29,750 --> 00:15:32,750 'I have never felt humbled before anyone 321 00:15:32,750 --> 00:15:35,850 except 'Ali ibn al-Madini.'" 322 00:15:35,850 --> 00:15:37,850 Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Salam said: 323 00:15:37,850 --> 00:15:40,850 "We mentioned the statement of Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari 324 00:15:40,850 --> 00:15:43,850 regarding 'Ali ibn al-Madini," 325 00:15:43,850 --> 00:15:47,850 meaning his statement, 326 00:15:47,850 --> 00:15:55,850 "and 'Ali ibn al-Madini said: 'Leave this, for Muhammad ibn Isma'il has never seen the likes of himself.'" 327 00:15:55,850 --> 00:16:03,850 'Umar ibn 'Ali al-Fallas said: "A hadith that Muhammad ibn Isma'il does not know is not a hadith." 328 00:16:03,850 --> 00:16:12,850 'Ali ibn Hajar said: "Khurasan produced three: Abu Zur'ah, Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari, 329 00:16:13,850 --> 00:16:22,909 and 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Darimi; and in my view, Muhammad ibn Isma'il is the most insightful, knowledgeable, and learned of them." 330 00:16:22,909 --> 00:16:31,940 'Abd Allah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: "I heard my father say: 'Khurasan has not produced the likes of Muhammad ibn Isma'il.'" 331 00:16:31,940 --> 00:16:39,940 Mahmud ibn al-Nadr al-Shafi'i said: "I entered Basra, al-Sham, the Hijaz, and Kufa, 332 00:16:39,940 --> 00:16:47,940 and I saw their scholars, whenever Muhammad ibn Isma'il was mentioned, preferring him over themselves." 333 00:16:47,940 --> 00:16:56,940 Muhammad ibn Bashshar said: "The masters of the world are four: Abu Zur'ah in Rayy, al-Darimi in Samarkand, 334 00:16:56,940 --> 00:17:02,940 Muhammad ibn Isma'il in Bukhara, and Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj." 335 00:17:02,940 --> 00:17:12,039 'Abd Allah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: "I heard my father say: 'The pinnacle of memorization reached four men from the people of Khurasan: 336 00:17:12,039 --> 00:17:20,039 Abu Zur'ah al-Razi, Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari, 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Samarqandi, 337 00:17:20,039 --> 00:17:29,039 and al-Hasan ibn Shuja' al-Balkhi.' Ibn al-Ash'ath said: 'I narrated this to Muhammad ibn 'Aqil al-Balkhi, 338 00:17:29,039 --> 00:17:38,039 and he praised Ibn Shuja'. I said to him, "Why is he not famous?" He replied, "Because he was not granted a long life."'" 339 00:17:38,039 --> 00:17:47,039 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Darimi said: "Muhammad—meaning al-Bukhari—is the most intelligent of Allah's creation. 340 00:17:47,039 --> 00:17:54,039 He understood from Allah what He commanded him with and forbade him from in His Book and upon the tongue of His Prophet. 341 00:17:54,039 --> 00:18:05,039 When Muhammad read the Qur'an, he engaged his heart, his sight, and his hearing, reflecting on its parables and knowing its lawful and unlawful." 342 00:18:05,039 --> 00:18:12,200 Qutaybah said: "If Muhammad ibn Isma'il had been among the Companions, he would have been a sign." 343 00:18:12,200 --> 00:18:20,200 Qutaybah was asked about Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari, so he lowered his head, then raised it toward the sky and said: 344 00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:28,200 "I have looked into hadith, I have looked into legal opinion, and I have sat with jurists, ascetics, and worshippers; 345 00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:33,200 I have not seen the likes of Muhammad ibn Isma'il since I attained reason." 346 00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:41,200 Ibn Khuzaymah said: "I have not seen under the canopy of the sky anyone more knowledgeable of the hadith of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 347 00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:45,200 or more memorized than Muhammad ibn Isma'il." 348 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:53,200 Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Hafiz said: "I heard my father say: 'I saw Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, 349 00:18:53,200 --> 00:18:59,259 the author of the Sahih, before al-Bukhari, asking him questions like a student.'" 350 00:18:59,259 --> 00:19:06,259 Abu Hamid Ahmad ibn Hamdun al-Qassar said: "Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj came to al-Bukhari, 351 00:19:06,259 --> 00:19:13,259 kissed him between his eyes, and said: 'Let me kiss your feet, O master of masters, 352 00:19:13,259 --> 00:19:17,259 leader of the hadith scholars, and physician of hadith.'" 353 00:19:17,259 --> 00:19:22,549 Al-Tirmidhi said: "I have not seen in Iraq or Khurasan 354 00:19:22,549 --> 00:19:29,549 anyone more knowledgeable in the matters of 'Ilal (hidden defects), history, and the knowledge of chains of narration than Muhammad ibn Isma'il." 355 00:19:29,549 --> 00:19:37,730 A mention of his worship, virtue, piety, and righteousness. 356 00:19:39,400 --> 00:19:47,460 Musabbih ibn Sa'id said: "Muhammad ibn Isma'il would complete a full reading of the Qur'an every day during the daylight hours of Ramadan, 357 00:19:47,460 --> 00:19:52,460 and he would stand in prayer after Tarawih every three nights, completing another full reading." 358 00:19:52,460 --> 00:19:58,460 Bakr ibn Munir said: "I heard Abu 'Abd Allah al-Bukhari say: 359 00:19:58,460 --> 00:20:03,559 'I hope to meet Allah without Him holding me accountable for backbiting anyone.'" 360 00:20:03,559 --> 00:20:09,559 I say: He spoke the truth, may Allah have mercy on him. Whoever looks at his words in the science of Jarh wa Ta'dil (criticism and appraisal) 361 00:20:09,559 --> 00:20:15,559 will know his brilliance in speaking about people, even when he is critical of those he deems weak. 362 00:20:15,559 --> 00:20:24,559 He rarely says more than 'his hadith is rejected,' 'they remained silent about him,' 'there is some consideration regarding him,' and the like. 363 00:20:24,559 --> 00:20:29,589 It is rare for him to say, 'So-and-so is a liar' or 'he used to fabricate hadith.' 364 00:20:29,589 --> 00:20:37,589 He even said: 'If I say of someone that "there is consideration regarding his hadith," it means he is accused and weak.' 365 00:20:37,589 --> 00:20:43,589 This is the meaning of his statement: 'Allah will not hold me accountable for backbiting anyone.' 366 00:20:43,589 --> 00:20:50,819 This, by Allah, is the pinnacle of piety. Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim al-Warraq said: 367 00:20:50,819 --> 00:20:57,819 "Abu 'Abd Allah—meaning al-Bukhari—would pray thirteen rak'ahs during the time of the pre-dawn (Sahar). 368 00:20:57,819 --> 00:21:05,819 He would not wake me for every prayer, so I said, 'I see you burdening yourself, yet you do not wake me.' 369 00:21:05,819 --> 00:21:11,819 Meaning: Why do you not wake me to serve you by bringing water for ablution and the like? 370 00:21:11,819 --> 00:21:17,819 He replied: 'You are a youth, and I do not like to spoil your sleep.'" 371 00:21:17,819 --> 00:21:26,980 He said: "One day he dictated many hadiths to me, and fearing I might grow weary, he said: 'Be at ease, 372 00:21:26,980 --> 00:21:32,980 for the people of entertainment are in their entertainment, the people of crafts are in their crafts, 373 00:21:32,980 --> 00:21:39,980 the merchants are in their trade, and you are with the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his Companions.'" 374 00:21:39,980 --> 00:21:48,099 Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim said: "Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari was invited to the orchard of one of his companions. 375 00:21:48,099 --> 00:21:57,099 When he led the people in the Dhuhr prayer, he stood to perform voluntary prayers. When he finished his prayer, he lifted the hem of his shirt 376 00:21:57,099 --> 00:22:03,099 and said to some of those with him, 'Look, do you see anything under my shirt?' 377 00:22:03,099 --> 00:22:10,099 It turned out a wasp had stung him, and his body had swollen from it. 378 00:22:10,099 --> 00:22:16,200 Some of the people said to him, 'Why did you not leave the prayer the moment it stung you?' 379 00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:22,230 He replied, 'I was in a Surah and I wanted to finish it.'" 380 00:22:22,230 --> 00:22:28,230 'Abd Allah ibn Sa'id said: "I heard the scholars in Basra saying: 381 00:22:28,230 --> 00:22:33,329 'There is no one in the world like Muhammad ibn Isma'il in knowledge and righteousness.'" 382 00:22:33,329 --> 00:22:38,329 Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim said: "I heard al-Bukhari say: 383 00:22:38,329 --> 00:22:43,490 'I have never eaten leeks.' I asked, 'Why is that?' 384 00:22:43,490 --> 00:22:50,490 He replied, 'I disliked offending those who were with me.' I asked, 'And the same for raw onions?' 385 00:22:50,490 --> 00:22:52,519 He said, 'Yes.'" 386 00:22:52,519 --> 00:22:55,519 Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas al-Farabri said: 387 00:22:55,519 --> 00:23:02,519 "I was sitting with al-Bukhari in the mosque, and I picked a speck of dirt the size of a grain from his beard. 388 00:23:02,519 --> 00:23:09,519 I intended to throw it in the mosque, but he said, 'Throw it outside the mosque.'" 389 00:23:09,519 --> 00:23:17,539 A mention of his generosity, magnanimity, character, and other traits. 390 00:23:17,539 --> 00:23:26,049 Muhammad ibn Abi Hatim said: "He had a piece of land that he would lease every year for seven hundred dirhams. 391 00:23:26,049 --> 00:23:34,049 The tenant would sometimes bring Abu 'Abd Allah a cucumber or two from it, 392 00:23:34,049 --> 00:23:38,049 because Abu 'Abd Allah was fond of ripe cucumbers. 393 00:23:38,049 --> 00:23:46,049 He would give the man one hundred dirhams every year for occasionally bringing him cucumbers." 394 00:23:46,049 --> 00:23:49,210 He said: "We were in Farabr, 395 00:23:49,210 --> 00:23:54,210 and Abu 'Abd Allah was building a ribat (fortified lodge) near Bukhara. 396 00:23:54,210 --> 00:24:00,210 A large number of people gathered to assist him, and he was carrying bricks. 397 00:24:00,210 --> 00:24:05,210 I used to say to him, "You have done enough, Abu 'Abdullah." 398 00:24:05,210 --> 00:24:09,210 He would reply, "This is what benefits us." 399 00:24:09,210 --> 00:24:12,210 Then he began to carry the baskets himself. 400 00:24:12,210 --> 00:24:19,210 By "baskets," I mean the containers used to collect dirt and the remnants of digging and construction. 401 00:24:19,210 --> 00:24:22,460 He had slaughtered a cow for them. 402 00:24:22,460 --> 00:24:28,460 When the pots were ready—meaning the food had cooked—he invited the people to eat. 403 00:24:28,460 --> 00:24:33,460 We had brought bread with us, which we placed before them. 404 00:24:33,460 --> 00:24:38,460 Everyone present ate, and there were still loaves of bread left over. 405 00:24:38,460 --> 00:24:44,660 He said that Abu 'Abdullah would sometimes go the entire day, 406 00:24:44,660 --> 00:24:47,660 without eating a single piece of bread. 407 00:24:47,660 --> 00:24:51,660 He would only eat, at times, two or three almonds. 408 00:24:51,660 --> 00:24:55,660 He said that he used to give much in charity. 409 00:24:55,660 --> 00:24:59,660 He would take a needy person from among the people of hadith by the hand, 410 00:24:59,660 --> 00:25:02,660 and slip him between twenty and thirty [dirhams], 411 00:25:02,660 --> 00:25:07,660 sometimes less or more, without anyone noticing. 412 00:25:07,660 --> 00:25:10,660 His purse never left his side. 413 00:25:10,660 --> 00:25:13,940 I saw him give a man, on several occasions, 414 00:25:13,940 --> 00:25:16,940 a pouch containing three hundred dirhams. 415 00:25:16,940 --> 00:25:21,940 The man later informed me of the exact amount that had been inside it. 416 00:25:21,940 --> 00:25:23,940 The man wanted to pray for him, 417 00:25:23,940 --> 00:25:27,940 but Abu 'Abdullah said to him, "Be gentle." 418 00:25:27,940 --> 00:25:33,039 He then busied himself with another hadith so that no one would know about what he had done. 419 00:25:33,039 --> 00:25:36,039 Al-Hasan Ibn al-Husayn al-Bazzaz said: 420 00:25:36,039 --> 00:25:39,039 "I saw Muhammad Ibn Isma'il, 421 00:25:39,039 --> 00:25:41,039 a thin, elderly man, 422 00:25:41,039 --> 00:25:46,089 neither tall nor short." 423 00:25:46,089 --> 00:25:48,730 Regarding the mention of his death: 424 00:25:48,730 --> 00:25:52,730 'Abd al-Quddus Ibn 'Abd al-Jabbar al-Samarqandi said: 425 00:25:52,730 --> 00:25:55,730 "Muhammad Ibn Isma'il came to Khartank, 426 00:25:55,730 --> 00:25:59,730 which is a village two leagues from Samarqand. 427 00:25:59,730 --> 00:26:02,730 He had relatives there, 428 00:26:02,730 --> 00:26:04,730 so he stayed with them. 429 00:26:04,730 --> 00:26:08,730 One night, I heard him supplicating after he had finished his night prayer: 430 00:26:08,730 --> 00:26:13,730 'O Allah, the earth, despite its vastness, has become constricted for me, 431 00:26:13,730 --> 00:26:15,730 so take me unto You.' 432 00:26:15,730 --> 00:26:18,730 The month had not yet ended before he passed away. 433 00:26:18,730 --> 00:26:20,730 His grave is in Khartank." 434 00:26:20,730 --> 00:26:26,730 The reason for this was that he was afflicted by the enmity of some of his contemporaries. 435 00:26:26,730 --> 00:26:30,730 Muhammad Ibn Yahya al-Dhuhli and some of his students were hostile toward him, 436 00:26:30,730 --> 00:26:34,730 and then Khalid Ibn Ahmad, the governor of Bukhara, was hostile toward him. 437 00:26:34,730 --> 00:26:37,730 They tested him until he was expelled from Bukhara. 438 00:26:37,730 --> 00:26:40,730 He then headed, grief-stricken, to Khartank, 439 00:26:40,730 --> 00:26:42,730 in the outskirts of Samarqand, 440 00:26:42,730 --> 00:26:44,730 where he passed away. 441 00:26:44,730 --> 00:26:47,789 Al-Hasan Ibn al-Husayn al-Bazzaz said: 442 00:26:47,789 --> 00:26:50,789 "Al-Bukhari passed away on the night of Saturday, 443 00:26:50,789 --> 00:26:52,789 the night of Eid al-Fitr, 444 00:26:52,789 --> 00:26:55,789 in the year 256 AH." 445 00:26:55,789 --> 00:26:58,789 He lived for 62 years, 446 00:26:58,789 --> 00:27:00,789 minus 13 days. 447 00:27:01,789 --> 00:27:06,049 [Poetry:] You travel among the authors of the books of the Saturday [the Sabbath of knowledge], 448 00:27:20,329 --> 00:27:29,329 at times I am filled with grief, and at times I am smiling. 449 00:27:29,329 --> 00:27:35,329 You have been comforted, yet humility appeared upon you, 450 00:27:35,329 --> 00:27:41,329 at times boasting of the Sunnah of Ahmad, 451 00:27:41,329 --> 00:27:47,329 at times ascetic with a gentle soul. 452 00:27:47,329 --> 00:27:53,619 Read, for I have made myself a ransom for you, and I wish, 453 00:27:53,619 --> 00:27:59,619 that if you read, your entire voice would be a minaret. 454 00:27:59,619 --> 00:28:05,619 I have bound my veins to the hadith and its people, 455 00:28:05,619 --> 00:28:11,619 so open your Sahih collections and quench my thirst with the chains of narration. 456 00:28:11,619 --> 00:28:17,619 With the "he said," and "he narrated," and "he informed us," 457 00:28:17,619 --> 00:28:23,619 and the eloquent, precise, and comprehensive words. 458 00:28:23,619 --> 00:28:29,619 For his words—peace and blessings of Allah be upon him—carry majesty, 459 00:28:29,619 --> 00:28:35,619 and his words possess authority over all other speech. 460 00:28:35,619 --> 00:28:41,619 Upon them is a light illuminated with tranquility, 461 00:28:41,619 --> 00:28:46,619 which flows into my soul and remains a source of joy.