1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:15,259 --> 00:00:18,260 The Mawaddah Association is pleased 3 00:00:18,260 --> 00:00:22,260 to present to you portraits from the lives of the Companions, 4 00:00:22,260 --> 00:00:25,260 by Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha, 5 00:00:25,260 --> 00:00:27,289 may Allah have mercy upon him. 6 00:00:27,289 --> 00:00:30,280 Thumamah ibn Uthal, 7 00:00:30,280 --> 00:00:33,789 may Allah be pleased with him. 8 00:00:44,340 --> 00:00:47,170 In the sixth year of the Hijrah, 9 00:00:47,170 --> 00:00:51,170 the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 10 00:00:51,170 --> 00:00:54,170 resolved to expand the scope of his call to Allah. 11 00:00:54,170 --> 00:00:58,170 He wrote eight letters to the kings of the Arabs and non-Arabs, 12 00:00:58,170 --> 00:01:01,170 and sent them to them, inviting them to Islam. 13 00:01:01,170 --> 00:01:04,170 Among those to whom he wrote 14 00:01:04,170 --> 00:01:07,170 was Thumamah ibn Uthal al-Hanafi. 15 00:01:07,170 --> 00:01:09,230 This is no surprise, 16 00:01:09,230 --> 00:01:13,230 for Thumamah was one of the chieftains of the Arabs during the Jahiliyyah, 17 00:01:13,230 --> 00:01:16,230 a prominent leader among the Banu Hanifah, 18 00:01:16,230 --> 00:01:21,230 and a king of the Yamamah whose commands were never disobeyed. 19 00:01:21,230 --> 00:01:25,299 Thumamah received the letter of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 20 00:01:25,299 --> 00:01:27,299 with disdain and aversion. 21 00:01:27,299 --> 00:01:29,299 His pride drove him to sin, 22 00:01:29,299 --> 00:01:33,299 and he deafened his ears to the call of truth and goodness. 23 00:01:33,299 --> 00:01:36,299 Then, his devil spurred him on, 24 00:01:36,299 --> 00:01:40,299 inciting him to kill the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 25 00:01:40,299 --> 00:01:42,299 and to bury his message along with him. 26 00:01:42,299 --> 00:01:46,299 He began seeking opportunities to eliminate the Prophet, 27 00:01:46,299 --> 00:01:48,299 until he found a moment of vulnerability. 28 00:01:48,299 --> 00:01:51,299 The heinous crime was nearly committed, 29 00:01:52,299 --> 00:01:57,299 had one of Thumamah’s uncles not dissuaded him at the last moment. 30 00:01:57,299 --> 00:02:00,299 Thus, Allah saved His Prophet from his evil. 31 00:02:00,299 --> 00:02:06,299 However, even if Thumamah had refrained from harming the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 32 00:02:06,299 --> 00:02:09,300 he did not refrain from harming his Companions. 33 00:02:09,300 --> 00:02:11,300 He began to lie in wait for them, 34 00:02:11,300 --> 00:02:13,300 until he captured a number of them 35 00:02:13,300 --> 00:02:16,300 and killed them in the most brutal manner. 36 00:02:16,300 --> 00:02:19,300 Consequently, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, declared his blood forfeit, 37 00:02:19,300 --> 00:02:21,300 and announced this to his Companions. 38 00:02:21,300 --> 00:02:24,300 Not much time passed after that 39 00:02:24,300 --> 00:02:28,300 before Thumamah ibn Uthal resolved to perform Umrah. 40 00:02:28,300 --> 00:02:32,300 He set out from the land of Yamamah, turning his face toward Makkah, 41 00:02:32,300 --> 00:02:36,300 hoping to circumambulate the Ka'bah 42 00:02:36,300 --> 00:02:38,300 and sacrifice to its idols. 43 00:02:38,300 --> 00:02:43,460 While Thumamah was on his way, near Madinah, 44 00:02:43,460 --> 00:02:47,460 a calamity befell him that he had not anticipated. 45 00:02:47,460 --> 00:02:53,460 A detachment of the Messenger of Allah’s, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, scouts 46 00:02:53,460 --> 00:02:55,460 was patrolling the area, 47 00:02:55,460 --> 00:02:58,460 fearing that someone might approach Madinah, 48 00:02:58,460 --> 00:03:01,460 or that an aggressor might intend it harm. 49 00:03:01,460 --> 00:03:03,460 The detachment captured Thumamah, 50 00:03:03,460 --> 00:03:05,460 not knowing who he was, 51 00:03:05,460 --> 00:03:07,460 and brought him to Madinah. 52 00:03:07,460 --> 00:03:10,460 They tied him to one of the pillars of the Mosque, 53 00:03:10,460 --> 00:03:15,460 waiting for the noble Prophet himself to oversee the prisoner’s affair 54 00:03:15,460 --> 00:03:17,460 and issue his command regarding him. 55 00:03:17,460 --> 00:03:21,460 When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, came out to the Mosque, 56 00:03:21,460 --> 00:03:23,460 and was about to enter it, 57 00:03:23,460 --> 00:03:26,460 he saw Thumamah tied to the pillar. 58 00:03:26,460 --> 00:03:28,460 He said to his Companions, 59 00:03:28,460 --> 00:03:30,460 "Do you know whom you have captured?" 60 00:03:30,460 --> 00:03:33,460 They replied, "No, O Messenger of Allah." 61 00:03:33,460 --> 00:03:38,460 He said, "This is Thumamah ibn Uthal al-Hanafi. 62 00:03:38,460 --> 00:03:40,460 Treat him well in his captivity." 63 00:03:40,460 --> 00:03:43,460 Then, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, returned to his family 64 00:03:43,460 --> 00:03:45,460 and said, 65 00:03:45,460 --> 00:03:48,460 "Gather whatever food you have," 66 00:03:48,460 --> 00:03:51,460 and they sent it to Thumamah ibn Uthal. 67 00:03:51,460 --> 00:03:55,460 He then ordered that his she-camel be milked for him morning and evening, 68 00:03:55,460 --> 00:03:58,460 and that her milk be brought to him. 69 00:03:58,460 --> 00:04:04,460 All of this was done before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, met him 70 00:04:04,460 --> 00:04:06,520 or spoke to him. 71 00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:10,520 Then, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, approached Thumamah, 72 00:04:10,520 --> 00:04:13,520 wishing to draw him toward Islam, 73 00:04:13,520 --> 00:04:16,519 and said, "What do you have, O Thumamah?" 74 00:04:16,519 --> 00:04:18,519 He replied, 75 00:04:18,519 --> 00:04:20,519 "I have good, O Muhammad. 76 00:04:20,519 --> 00:04:22,519 If you kill me, you kill one who has blood to be avenged. 77 00:04:22,519 --> 00:04:25,519 If you show favor, you show favor to one who is grateful. 78 00:04:25,519 --> 00:04:27,519 And if you desire wealth, 79 00:04:27,519 --> 00:04:30,519 ask, and you shall be given whatever you wish." 80 00:04:30,519 --> 00:04:35,519 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, left him for two days in that state, 81 00:04:35,519 --> 00:04:38,519 with food and drink brought to him, 82 00:04:38,519 --> 00:04:41,519 and the she-camel’s milk delivered to him. 83 00:04:41,519 --> 00:04:43,519 Then he came to him and said, 84 00:04:43,519 --> 00:04:45,519 "What do you have, O Thumamah?" 85 00:04:45,519 --> 00:04:46,519 He said, 86 00:04:46,519 --> 00:04:49,519 "I have nothing but what I told you before: 87 00:04:49,519 --> 00:04:52,519 If you show favor, you show favor to one who is grateful. 88 00:04:52,519 --> 00:04:55,519 If you kill me, you kill one who has blood to be avenged. 89 00:04:55,519 --> 00:04:57,519 And if you desire wealth, 90 00:04:57,519 --> 00:04:59,519 ask, and you shall be given whatever you wish." 91 00:04:59,519 --> 00:05:03,519 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, left him, 92 00:05:03,519 --> 00:05:06,519 and when the next day came, 93 00:05:06,519 --> 00:05:08,519 he came to him and said, 94 00:05:08,519 --> 00:05:10,519 "What do you have, O Thumamah?" 95 00:05:10,519 --> 00:05:11,519 He said, 96 00:05:11,519 --> 00:05:13,519 "I have what I told you: 97 00:05:13,519 --> 00:05:16,519 If you show favor, you show favor to one who is grateful. 98 00:05:16,519 --> 00:05:19,519 If you kill me, you kill one who has blood to be avenged. 99 00:05:19,519 --> 00:05:21,519 And if you desire wealth, 100 00:05:21,519 --> 00:05:24,519 I will give you whatever you wish." 101 00:05:24,519 --> 00:05:27,550 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, turned 102 00:05:27,550 --> 00:05:29,550 to his Companions and said, 103 00:05:29,550 --> 00:05:31,550 "Release Thumamah." 104 00:05:31,550 --> 00:05:34,550 They untied his bonds and released him. 105 00:05:35,550 --> 00:05:39,579 Thumamah left the Mosque of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 106 00:05:39,579 --> 00:05:41,579 and went on his way, 107 00:05:41,579 --> 00:05:44,579 until he reached a palm grove on the outskirts of Madinah, 108 00:05:44,579 --> 00:05:47,579 near al-Baqi', where there was water. 109 00:05:47,579 --> 00:05:49,579 He made his mount kneel there, 110 00:05:49,579 --> 00:05:52,579 and performed a thorough ritual purification. 111 00:05:52,579 --> 00:05:55,579 Then he retraced his steps to the Mosque. 112 00:05:55,579 --> 00:06:00,709 As soon as he reached it, he stood before a gathering of Muslims 113 00:06:00,709 --> 00:06:01,709 and said, 114 00:06:01,709 --> 00:06:04,709 "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, 115 00:06:04,709 --> 00:06:08,709 and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger." 116 00:06:08,709 --> 00:06:12,709 Then he turned to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 117 00:06:12,709 --> 00:06:13,709 and said, 118 00:06:13,709 --> 00:06:14,709 "O Muhammad, 119 00:06:14,709 --> 00:06:19,709 by Allah, there was no face on the face of the earth more hateful to me than yours, 120 00:06:19,709 --> 00:06:24,709 but now your face has become the most beloved of all faces to me. 121 00:06:24,709 --> 00:06:28,709 By Allah, there was no religion more hateful to me than yours, 122 00:06:28,709 --> 00:06:32,709 but now your religion has become the most beloved of all religions to me. 123 00:06:32,709 --> 00:06:36,709 By Allah, there was no land more hateful to me than yours, 124 00:06:36,709 --> 00:06:40,709 but now your land has become the most beloved of all lands to me." 125 00:06:40,709 --> 00:06:42,870 Then he added, 126 00:06:42,870 --> 00:06:45,870 "I had shed the blood of some of your Companions; 127 00:06:45,870 --> 00:06:48,939 what is the judgment upon me for that?" 128 00:06:48,939 --> 00:06:50,939 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 129 00:06:50,939 --> 00:06:53,939 "There is no blame upon you, O Thumamah, 130 00:06:53,939 --> 00:06:56,939 for Islam wipes away what came before it." 131 00:06:56,939 --> 00:07:01,939 He gave him glad tidings of the good that Allah had written for him through his Islam. 132 00:07:01,939 --> 00:07:04,939 Thumamah’s face beamed with joy, and he said, 133 00:07:04,939 --> 00:07:10,939 "By Allah, I will kill as many of the polytheists as I have killed of your Companions, 134 00:07:10,939 --> 00:07:15,939 and I will dedicate myself, my sword, and those with me to your support and the support of your religion." 135 00:07:15,939 --> 00:07:17,939 Then he said, 136 00:07:17,939 --> 00:07:19,939 "O Messenger of Allah, 137 00:07:19,939 --> 00:07:22,939 your cavalry captured me while I was intending to perform Umrah; 138 00:07:22,939 --> 00:07:24,939 what do you think I should do?" 139 00:07:24,939 --> 00:07:27,939 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 140 00:07:27,939 --> 00:07:29,939 "Go and perform your Umrah, 141 00:07:29,939 --> 00:07:32,939 but according to the law of Allah and His Messenger." 142 00:07:32,939 --> 00:07:35,939 He taught him the rites he was to perform. 143 00:07:35,939 --> 00:07:38,970 Thumamah proceeded to his destination, 144 00:07:38,970 --> 00:07:41,970 and when he reached the heart of Makkah, 145 00:07:41,970 --> 00:07:44,970 he stood and proclaimed in a loud voice, 146 00:07:44,970 --> 00:07:47,970 "Labbayk Allahumma Labbayk, 147 00:07:47,970 --> 00:07:50,970 Labbayk, la sharika laka Labbayk, 148 00:07:50,970 --> 00:07:53,970 Inna al-hamda wa al-ni'mata laka wa al-mulk, 149 00:07:53,970 --> 00:07:55,970 La sharika lak." 150 00:07:55,970 --> 00:07:59,000 Thus, he was the first Muslim on the face of the earth 151 00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:02,000 to enter Makkah reciting the Talbiyah. 152 00:08:02,000 --> 00:08:04,060 The Quraysh heard the sound of the Talbiyah, 153 00:08:04,060 --> 00:08:07,060 and they rose up, angry and alarmed. 154 00:08:07,060 --> 00:08:09,060 They drew their swords from their sheaths 155 00:08:09,060 --> 00:08:11,060 and headed toward the sound, 156 00:08:11,060 --> 00:08:15,060 intending to strike down the one who had invaded their sanctuary. 157 00:08:15,060 --> 00:08:18,060 When the people approached Thumamah, 158 00:08:18,060 --> 00:08:20,060 he raised his voice with the Talbiyah, 159 00:08:20,060 --> 00:08:22,060 looking at them with pride. 160 00:08:23,060 --> 00:08:25,060 Some of the young men of Quraysh intended 161 00:08:25,060 --> 00:08:27,060 to shoot him with an arrow, 162 00:08:27,060 --> 00:08:29,060 but they restrained them, saying, 163 00:08:29,060 --> 00:08:32,059 "Woe to you! Do you know who this is? 164 00:08:32,059 --> 00:08:34,059 It is Thumamah ibn Uthal, 165 00:08:34,059 --> 00:08:36,059 the king of Yamamah! 166 00:08:36,059 --> 00:08:38,059 By Allah, if you harm him, 167 00:08:38,059 --> 00:08:40,059 his people will cut off our grain supplies, 168 00:08:40,059 --> 00:08:42,059 and we will die of hunger." 169 00:08:42,059 --> 00:08:45,059 Then the people approached Thumamah, 170 00:08:45,059 --> 00:08:48,059 after returning their swords to their sheaths, 171 00:08:48,059 --> 00:08:50,059 and said, "What is the matter with you, O Thumamah? 172 00:08:50,059 --> 00:08:54,059 Have you apostatized and abandoned your religion and the religion of your forefathers?" 173 00:08:54,059 --> 00:08:56,059 He replied, 174 00:08:56,059 --> 00:08:58,059 "I have not apostatized, 175 00:08:58,059 --> 00:09:00,059 but I have followed the best religion; 176 00:09:00,059 --> 00:09:02,059 I have followed the religion of Muhammad." 177 00:09:02,059 --> 00:09:04,059 Then he added, 178 00:09:04,059 --> 00:09:06,059 "I swear by the Lord of this House, 179 00:09:06,059 --> 00:09:10,059 that after I return to Yamamah, 180 00:09:10,059 --> 00:09:12,059 not a single grain of wheat 181 00:09:12,059 --> 00:09:14,059 or any of its produce shall reach you, 182 00:09:14,059 --> 00:09:18,059 until you all follow Muhammad." 183 00:09:18,059 --> 00:09:20,059 Thumamah ibn Uthal performed his Umrah 184 00:09:20,059 --> 00:09:22,059 in the sight of the Quraysh, 185 00:09:22,059 --> 00:09:26,059 just as the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had commanded him 186 00:09:26,059 --> 00:09:27,059 to perform it, 187 00:09:27,059 --> 00:09:29,059 and he sacrificed to draw closer to Allah, 188 00:09:29,059 --> 00:09:32,059 not to idols or statues. 189 00:09:32,059 --> 00:09:34,059 He returned to his land, 190 00:09:34,059 --> 00:09:38,059 and ordered his people to withhold grain from the Quraysh. 191 00:09:38,059 --> 00:09:41,059 They obeyed his command and responded to him, 192 00:09:41,059 --> 00:09:44,129 and they withheld their produce from the people of Makkah. 193 00:09:44,129 --> 00:09:47,129 The blockade that Thumamah imposed on the Quraysh 194 00:09:47,129 --> 00:09:49,129 began to tighten little by little. 195 00:09:49,129 --> 00:09:51,129 Prices rose, 196 00:09:51,129 --> 00:09:54,129 hunger spread among the people, 197 00:09:54,129 --> 00:09:56,129 and their distress intensified, 198 00:09:56,129 --> 00:09:59,129 until they feared for themselves and their children 199 00:09:59,129 --> 00:10:01,129 lest they perish from hunger. 200 00:10:01,129 --> 00:10:03,129 At that point, 201 00:10:03,129 --> 00:10:06,129 they wrote to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 202 00:10:06,129 --> 00:10:07,129 saying: 203 00:10:07,129 --> 00:10:09,129 "We have always known you 204 00:10:09,129 --> 00:10:11,129 to uphold ties of kinship, 205 00:10:11,129 --> 00:10:13,129 and to encourage others to do the same. 206 00:10:13,129 --> 00:10:16,129 Yet here you are, having severed our ties, 207 00:10:16,129 --> 00:10:18,129 killing our fathers with the sword, 208 00:10:18,129 --> 00:10:21,129 and starving our children. 209 00:10:21,129 --> 00:10:23,129 Thumamah Ibn Uthal 210 00:10:23,129 --> 00:10:25,129 has cut off our supplies, 211 00:10:25,129 --> 00:10:27,129 and has harmed us. 212 00:10:27,129 --> 00:10:29,129 If you see fit to write to him 213 00:10:29,129 --> 00:10:31,129 to send us 214 00:10:31,129 --> 00:10:32,129 what we need, 215 00:10:32,129 --> 00:10:33,129 then please do so." 216 00:10:33,129 --> 00:10:35,129 So he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, wrote 217 00:10:35,129 --> 00:10:37,129 to Thumamah, 218 00:10:37,129 --> 00:10:39,129 instructing him to release their supplies to them, 219 00:10:39,129 --> 00:10:41,129 and he did so. 220 00:10:41,129 --> 00:10:43,129 Thumamah Ibn Uthal remained, 221 00:10:43,129 --> 00:10:45,129 for as long as he lived, 222 00:10:45,129 --> 00:10:47,129 loyal to his religion, 223 00:10:47,129 --> 00:10:49,129 and faithful to the covenant of his Prophet. 224 00:10:49,129 --> 00:10:52,129 When the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, joined 225 00:10:52,129 --> 00:10:54,129 the Highest Companion, 226 00:10:54,129 --> 00:10:56,129 and the Arabs began to depart 227 00:10:56,129 --> 00:10:59,129 from the religion of Allah in throngs and groups, 228 00:10:59,129 --> 00:11:01,129 and Musaylimah the Liar arose 229 00:11:01,129 --> 00:11:03,129 among the Banu Hanifah, 230 00:11:03,129 --> 00:11:05,129 calling them to believe in him, 231 00:11:05,129 --> 00:11:07,129 Thumamah stood against him 232 00:11:07,129 --> 00:11:09,129 and said to his people: 233 00:11:09,129 --> 00:11:11,129 "O Banu Hanifah, 234 00:11:11,129 --> 00:11:13,129 beware of this dark affair, 235 00:11:13,129 --> 00:11:15,129 which contains no light. 236 00:11:15,129 --> 00:11:17,129 By Allah, it is a misery 237 00:11:17,129 --> 00:11:19,129 that Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, has decreed 238 00:11:19,129 --> 00:11:21,129 for those among you who adopt it, 239 00:11:21,129 --> 00:11:23,129 and a trial for those who do not." 240 00:11:23,129 --> 00:11:25,159 Then he said: 241 00:11:25,159 --> 00:11:27,159 "O Banu Hanifah, 242 00:11:27,159 --> 00:11:29,159 two prophets cannot coexist 243 00:11:29,159 --> 00:11:31,159 at the same time, 244 00:11:31,159 --> 00:11:33,159 and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, 245 00:11:33,159 --> 00:11:35,159 with no prophet after him, 246 00:11:35,159 --> 00:11:37,159 nor any prophet to share his mission." 247 00:11:37,159 --> 00:11:39,159 Then he recited to them: 248 00:11:39,159 --> 00:11:41,159 "Ha-Mim. 249 00:11:41,159 --> 00:11:45,909 The revelation of the Book 250 00:11:45,909 --> 00:11:47,909 “The revelation of the Scripture is from Allah, the Mighty, the Knower,” (40:2) 251 00:11:52,490 --> 00:11:54,490 the Forgiver of sin, 252 00:11:54,490 --> 00:11:56,490 the Acceptor of repentance, 253 00:11:56,490 --> 00:11:58,490 the Severe in punishment, 254 00:11:58,490 --> 00:12:00,490 the Possessor of bounty. There is no 255 00:12:00,490 --> 00:12:02,490 deity except Him; 256 00:12:02,490 --> 00:12:04,490 to Him is the final destination." 257 00:12:04,490 --> 00:12:07,379 Then he said: 258 00:12:07,379 --> 00:12:09,379 "How does this Word of Allah compare 259 00:12:09,379 --> 00:12:11,379 to the words of Musaylimah: 260 00:12:11,379 --> 00:12:13,379 'O frog, croak as you will, 261 00:12:13,379 --> 00:12:15,379 you do not prevent the drink, 262 00:12:15,379 --> 00:12:17,379 nor do you muddy the water'?" 263 00:12:17,379 --> 00:12:19,379 Then he withdrew 264 00:12:19,379 --> 00:12:21,379 with those of his people who remained upon Islam, 265 00:12:21,379 --> 00:12:23,379 and set out to fight 266 00:12:23,379 --> 00:12:25,379 the apostates, striving 267 00:12:25,379 --> 00:12:27,379 in the way of Allah, 268 00:12:27,379 --> 00:12:29,379 and to exalt His word upon the earth. 269 00:12:29,379 --> 00:12:31,539 May Allah reward Thumamah 270 00:12:31,539 --> 00:12:33,539 Ibn Uthal on behalf of Islam 271 00:12:33,539 --> 00:12:35,539 and the Muslims with goodness, 272 00:12:35,539 --> 00:12:37,539 and honor him with the Paradise that 273 00:12:37,539 --> 00:12:39,539 has been promised to the righteous. 274 00:12:39,539 --> 00:12:41,899 Thumamah Ibn Uthal 275 00:12:41,899 --> 00:12:43,899 imposes an economic blockade 276 00:12:43,899 --> 00:12:45,899 upon Quraysh.