WEBVTT 00:00:00.180 --> 00:00:03.540 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.540 --> 00:00:06.459 The Ifadah Center 00:00:06.459 --> 00:00:09.580 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.580 --> 00:00:10.939 presents: 00:00:10.939 --> 00:00:16.300 An Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:16.300 --> 00:00:20.030 The Book of Menstruation. 00:00:20.030 --> 00:00:25.260 Chapter: How Menstruation First Began. 00:00:25.260 --> 00:00:29.420 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 00:00:29.420 --> 00:00:34.859 "We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) during the months of Hajj, 00:00:34.859 --> 00:00:36.859 and during the sacred season of Hajj, 00:00:36.859 --> 00:00:38.859 and we camped at Sarif." 00:00:38.859 --> 00:00:40.299 She said: 00:00:40.299 --> 00:00:43.500 "He went out to his Companions and said: 00:00:43.500 --> 00:00:46.640 'Whoever among you does not have a sacrificial animal (hady) with him, 00:00:46.640 --> 00:00:50.640 and wishes to make it an 'Umrah, let him do so; 00:00:50.640 --> 00:00:54.420 but whoever has a sacrificial animal with him should not.'" 00:00:54.420 --> 00:00:55.939 In another narration: 00:00:55.939 --> 00:00:58.820 "Had I known beforehand what I came to know later, 00:00:58.820 --> 00:01:00.820 I would not have brought the sacrificial animal, 00:01:00.820 --> 00:01:04.019 and I would have exited ihram along with the people when they exited it." 00:01:04.450 --> 00:01:05.650 She said: 00:01:05.650 --> 00:01:10.129 "So among his Companions, there were those who adopted this concession and those who refrained." 00:01:10.129 --> 00:01:11.409 She said: 00:01:11.409 --> 00:01:17.010 "As for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and some men among his Companions, 00:01:17.010 --> 00:01:19.170 they were people of means, 00:01:19.170 --> 00:01:21.489 and they had sacrificial animals with them, 00:01:21.489 --> 00:01:24.299 so they were unable to perform 'Umrah." 00:01:24.299 --> 00:01:25.500 She said: 00:01:25.500 --> 00:01:31.340 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) entered upon me while I was weeping. 00:01:31.340 --> 00:01:32.700 He said: 00:01:32.780 --> 00:01:35.599 'What makes you weep, O little one?' 00:01:35.599 --> 00:01:36.799 I said: 00:01:36.799 --> 00:01:39.280 'I heard what you said to your Companions, 00:01:39.280 --> 00:01:41.489 and I have been prevented from performing 'Umrah.' 00:01:41.489 --> 00:01:42.609 He said: 00:01:42.609 --> 00:01:44.370 'What is the matter with you?' 00:01:44.370 --> 00:01:45.489 She said: 00:01:45.489 --> 00:01:47.489 'I cannot pray [due to menses].' 00:01:47.489 --> 00:01:48.609 He said: 00:01:48.609 --> 00:01:50.450 'That will not harm you. 00:01:50.450 --> 00:01:54.049 You are merely one of the daughters of Adam; 00:01:54.049 --> 00:01:57.810 Allah has ordained for you what He has ordained for them. 00:01:57.810 --> 00:02:00.579 So continue with your Hajj rites.'" 00:02:00.579 --> 00:02:01.939 In another narration: 00:02:02.019 --> 00:02:03.540 "'Abandon your 'Umrah, 00:02:03.540 --> 00:02:05.299 undo your hair, 00:02:05.299 --> 00:02:08.689 comb it, and enter ihram for Hajj.' 00:02:08.689 --> 00:02:10.370 And in another narration: 00:02:10.370 --> 00:02:12.449 'Cast off your 'Umrah.' 00:02:12.449 --> 00:02:14.050 And in another narration: 00:02:14.050 --> 00:02:16.449 'Perform all that a pilgrim performs, 00:02:16.449 --> 00:02:19.860 except that you do not circumambulate the House, 00:02:19.860 --> 00:02:23.360 and may Allah grant you that 'Umrah later.' 00:02:23.360 --> 00:02:24.800 In another narration: 00:02:24.800 --> 00:02:26.080 'Wait; 00:02:26.080 --> 00:02:29.439 then, when you become pure, go out to al-Tan'im, 00:02:29.439 --> 00:02:30.800 enter ihram for 'Umrah, 00:02:30.800 --> 00:02:33.759 and meet us at such-and-such a place. 00:02:33.759 --> 00:02:38.210 However, its reward is in proportion to your expenditure or your exertion.' 00:02:38.210 --> 00:02:39.810 And in another narration: 00:02:39.810 --> 00:02:41.009 She said: 00:02:41.009 --> 00:02:47.340 'The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sacrificed cattle on behalf of his wives.' 00:02:47.340 --> 00:02:48.620 She said: 00:02:48.620 --> 00:02:50.620 'So we proceeded with his Hajj 00:02:50.620 --> 00:02:52.780 until we reached Mina, 00:02:52.780 --> 00:02:54.219 where I became pure. 00:02:54.219 --> 00:02:56.379 Then I departed from Mina 00:02:56.379 --> 00:02:58.620 and performed the Ifadah circumambulation around the House.' 00:02:58.620 --> 00:02:59.979 She said: 00:03:00.060 --> 00:03:02.939 'Then I departed with him on the final day of departure (an-Nafr al-Akhir) 00:03:02.939 --> 00:03:05.419 until he camped at al-Muhassab, 00:03:05.419 --> 00:03:07.460 and we camped with him. 00:03:07.460 --> 00:03:10.500 He summoned 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr 00:03:10.500 --> 00:03:11.780 and said: 00:03:11.780 --> 00:03:14.259 'Take your sister outside the sacred precinct (Haram), 00:03:14.259 --> 00:03:16.419 let her enter ihram for 'Umrah, 00:03:16.419 --> 00:03:17.939 and when you both finish, 00:03:17.939 --> 00:03:20.340 come to this place, 00:03:20.340 --> 00:03:24.500 for I will wait for you both until you return to me.' 00:03:24.500 --> 00:03:25.699 She said: 00:03:25.699 --> 00:03:27.060 'So we set out, 00:03:27.060 --> 00:03:29.139 and when I had finished 00:03:29.219 --> 00:03:31.539 and completed the circumambulation, 00:03:31.539 --> 00:03:34.099 I returned to him in the late hours of the night before dawn.' 00:03:34.099 --> 00:03:35.460 He asked: 00:03:35.460 --> 00:03:37.139 'Have you finished?' 00:03:37.139 --> 00:03:39.169 I said: 'Yes.' 00:03:39.169 --> 00:03:40.610 In another narration: 00:03:40.610 --> 00:03:46.819 'And there was no requirement in any of that for a sacrificial animal, charity, or fasting.' 00:03:46.819 --> 00:03:49.860 Then he announced the departure among his Companions, 00:03:49.860 --> 00:03:51.939 so the people set out, 00:03:51.939 --> 00:03:55.710 and he passed by [the Ka'bah] heading toward Medina." 00:03:55.710 --> 00:03:57.229 In another narration: 00:03:57.229 --> 00:03:58.430 She said: 00:03:58.430 --> 00:04:02.270 "Those who had entered ihram for 'Umrah circumambulated the House 00:04:02.270 --> 00:04:04.750 and walked between al-Safa and al-Marwah, 00:04:04.750 --> 00:04:06.270 and then exited ihram. 00:04:06.270 --> 00:04:11.259 They then performed another circumambulation after returning from Mina. 00:04:11.259 --> 00:04:14.300 As for those who combined Hajj and 'Umrah (Qiran), 00:04:14.300 --> 00:04:18.670 they performed only a single circumambulation." 00:04:18.670 --> 00:04:21.839 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:04:21.839 --> 00:04:23.040 "At Sarif": 00:04:23.040 --> 00:04:26.290 It is a place near Mecca. 00:04:26.290 --> 00:04:27.410 "Hady": 00:04:27.410 --> 00:04:30.939 That is, the livestock driven as an offering to Mecca. 00:04:30.939 --> 00:04:33.259 "So they were unable to perform 'Umrah": 00:04:33.259 --> 00:04:35.939 Meaning, it was not permissible for them to do so. 00:04:35.939 --> 00:04:37.459 "Ya hantah": 00:04:37.459 --> 00:04:39.060 An expression meaning: "O you," 00:04:39.060 --> 00:04:42.779 used without implying either praise or blame. 00:04:42.779 --> 00:04:44.459 "And I have been prevented from performing 'Umrah": 00:04:44.459 --> 00:04:46.939 She wished to perform 'Umrah, 00:04:46.939 --> 00:04:48.980 but was prevented by menstruation. 00:04:48.980 --> 00:04:50.420 "I cannot pray": 00:04:50.420 --> 00:04:52.660 That is, on account of menstruation. 00:04:52.660 --> 00:04:54.180 "That will not harm you": 00:04:54.180 --> 00:04:55.699 Meaning, it causes you no detriment, 00:04:55.699 --> 00:04:57.439 derived from "darar" (harm). 00:04:57.439 --> 00:05:00.720 "Allah has ordained for you what He has ordained for them": 00:05:00.720 --> 00:05:02.670 That is, of menstruation. 00:05:02.670 --> 00:05:05.470 "And may Allah grant you that 'Umrah later": 00:05:05.470 --> 00:05:07.310 Meaning, the 'Umrah. 00:05:07.310 --> 00:05:08.509 "Where I became pure": 00:05:08.509 --> 00:05:10.430 That is, from menstruation. 00:05:10.430 --> 00:05:12.350 "And performed the Ifadah circumambulation around the House": 00:05:12.350 --> 00:05:15.949 Meaning: I performed the Ifadah Tawaf around the Ka'bah. 00:05:15.949 --> 00:05:17.790 "On the final day of departure (an-Nafr al-Akhir)": 00:05:17.790 --> 00:05:21.519 It is the thirteenth day of Dhu al-Hijjah. 00:05:21.519 --> 00:05:23.839 "Until he camped at al-Muhassab": 00:05:23.839 --> 00:05:27.519 Al-Abtah, al-Muhassab, and Khayf Bani Kinanah 00:05:27.519 --> 00:05:30.000 all refer to a single location, 00:05:30.000 --> 00:05:32.980 situated between Mecca and Mina. 00:05:32.980 --> 00:05:35.540 "Take your sister outside the sacred precinct (Haram)": 00:05:35.540 --> 00:05:37.860 He took her out to al-Tan'im, 00:05:37.860 --> 00:05:40.660 which is a place located one parasang from Mecca 00:05:40.660 --> 00:05:42.819 along the road to Medina, 00:05:42.819 --> 00:05:46.980 where the Mosque of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) stands today. 00:05:46.980 --> 00:05:48.899 "Let her enter ihram for 'Umrah": 00:05:48.899 --> 00:05:51.569 Meaning, let her assume ihram for 'Umrah. 00:05:51.569 --> 00:05:53.250 "Anzurukuma": 00:05:53.250 --> 00:05:55.730 Meaning: I will wait for the two of you. 00:05:55.730 --> 00:05:57.970 "Then I returned to him in the late hours of the night before dawn": 00:05:57.970 --> 00:06:01.939 Al-Sahar refers to the time shortly before the true dawn. 00:06:01.939 --> 00:06:03.620 "And undo your hair": 00:06:03.620 --> 00:06:05.759 Meaning, the hair of your head. 00:06:05.759 --> 00:06:07.600 "Cast off your 'Umrah": 00:06:07.600 --> 00:06:09.519 Meaning: abandon your 'Umrah rites. 00:06:09.519 --> 00:06:11.079 "Have you finished?": 00:06:11.079 --> 00:06:13.279 That is, from the pilgrimage rites. 00:06:13.279 --> 00:06:15.360 "Then he announced the departure": 00:06:15.360 --> 00:06:17.680 Meaning, he notified the people. 00:06:17.680 --> 00:06:20.560 "And he passed by heading toward Medina": 00:06:20.560 --> 00:06:25.019 Meaning, he passed by the House on his way toward Medina. 00:06:25.019 --> 00:06:28.860 Key Benefits Derived from the Hadith: 00:06:28.939 --> 00:06:31.100 Among the lessons drawn from this hadith are: 00:06:31.100 --> 00:06:35.680 The permissibility of weeping when one is impeded from performing acts of worship; 00:06:35.680 --> 00:06:40.160 that menstruation precludes ritual prayer and circumambulating the House; 00:06:40.160 --> 00:06:45.629 the permissibility of a man sacrificing a single cow on behalf of all his wives; 00:06:45.629 --> 00:06:49.060 the permissibility of a man offering a sacrifice on behalf of his wife; 00:06:49.060 --> 00:06:53.220 the observance of proper etiquette and gracious companionship; 00:06:53.220 --> 00:06:58.100 that whoever is within Mecca and intends to perform 'Umrah must assume ihram from the non-sacred area (al-Hill); 00:06:58.100 --> 00:07:01.620 the permissibility of a man traveling with his wives; 00:07:01.620 --> 00:07:04.500 the permissibility of aspiring to lofty matters 00:07:04.500 --> 00:07:08.209 that involve obedience to Allah, the Exalted and Glorious; 00:07:08.209 --> 00:07:11.730 and that hardship brings about ease, 00:07:11.730 --> 00:07:14.689 as shown by his statement (peace be upon him): 00:07:14.689 --> 00:07:16.459 "That will not harm you." 00:07:16.459 --> 00:07:19.899 Furthermore, al-Bukhari's chapter headings for this hadith 00:07:19.899 --> 00:07:23.740 reflect many of his juridical preferences regarding the rulings of Hajj, 00:07:23.740 --> 00:07:27.759 so let the student ponder them. 00:07:27.839 --> 00:07:32.670 Chapter: A Menstruating Woman Washing and Combing Her Husband's Hair. 00:07:32.670 --> 00:07:34.189 On the authority of 'Urwah, 00:07:34.189 --> 00:07:35.870 who was asked: 00:07:35.870 --> 00:07:37.870 "May a menstruating woman serve me, 00:07:37.870 --> 00:07:41.420 or may a woman approach me while she is in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah)?" 00:07:41.420 --> 00:07:43.100 'Urwah replied: 00:07:43.100 --> 00:07:45.899 "All of that is inconsequential to me, 00:07:45.899 --> 00:07:48.540 and in all such states she may serve me; 00:07:48.540 --> 00:07:52.139 there is no harm in that for anyone. 00:07:52.139 --> 00:07:54.220 'A'ishah informed me 00:07:54.220 --> 00:07:56.620 that she used to comb 00:07:56.620 --> 00:08:00.540 the hair of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:08:00.540 --> 00:08:02.379 while she was menstruating, 00:08:02.379 --> 00:08:05.180 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:08:05.180 --> 00:08:08.220 would be secluded in i'tikaf in the mosque at the time; 00:08:08.220 --> 00:08:10.459 he would lean his head toward her 00:08:10.459 --> 00:08:12.699 while she remained in her chamber, 00:08:12.699 --> 00:08:16.100 and she would comb his hair while menstruating." 00:08:16.100 --> 00:08:17.620 In another narration: 00:08:17.620 --> 00:08:20.819 "And he would not enter the house except to relieve a need 00:08:20.819 --> 00:08:24.139 whenever he was in i'tikaf." 00:08:24.139 --> 00:08:27.519 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:08:27.519 --> 00:08:29.199 "Approach me": 00:08:29.199 --> 00:08:31.420 Meaning, come near me. 00:08:31.420 --> 00:08:32.860 "All of that": 00:08:32.860 --> 00:08:35.259 Meaning, whether menstruating or in major ritual impurity. 00:08:35.259 --> 00:08:36.940 "Is inconsequential to me": 00:08:36.940 --> 00:08:39.100 Meaning: it is completely permissible and uncomplicated for me. 00:08:39.100 --> 00:08:42.299 and no one is at fault for doing so; 00:08:42.299 --> 00:08:45.600 meaning there is no blame in being served by a menstruating woman. 00:08:45.600 --> 00:08:46.960 "She combs": 00:08:46.960 --> 00:08:49.549 meaning she grooms and styles his hair. 00:08:49.549 --> 00:08:50.750 "Observing i'tikaf": 00:08:50.750 --> 00:08:52.590 meaning remaining in seclusion in the mosque. 00:08:52.590 --> 00:08:54.669 "He would bring his head near to her": 00:08:54.669 --> 00:08:58.049 meaning he would draw his head close to 'A'ishah. 00:09:01.840 --> 00:09:03.919 Derived from this hadith: 00:09:03.919 --> 00:09:07.279 the permissibility of a menstruating woman serving her husband; 00:09:07.279 --> 00:09:10.399 the permissibility for men to groom and comb their hair 00:09:10.399 --> 00:09:12.960 and engage in similar forms of proper grooming; 00:09:12.960 --> 00:09:15.679 and that a menstruating woman does not enter the mosque, 00:09:15.679 --> 00:09:18.480 out of veneration and keeping it purified. 00:09:18.480 --> 00:09:20.960 It also establishes the ritual purity of the menstruating woman's body, 00:09:20.960 --> 00:09:23.279 apart from the site of bleeding. 00:09:23.279 --> 00:09:24.559 Furthermore, the hadith shows 00:09:24.639 --> 00:09:27.759 that the physical intimacy prohibited for the person in i'tikaf 00:09:27.759 --> 00:09:30.000 is strictly sexual intercourse. 00:09:30.000 --> 00:09:32.399 It also contains an analogy comparing one in major ritual impurity to a menstruating woman 00:09:32.399 --> 00:09:34.159 regarding physical closeness and being served, 00:09:34.159 --> 00:09:39.059 because both share the state of major ritual impurity. 00:09:39.059 --> 00:09:42.259 Chapter: A Man Reciting in His Wife's Lap 00:09:42.259 --> 00:09:44.659 While She Is Menstruating. 00:09:44.659 --> 00:09:46.820 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: 00:09:46.820 --> 00:09:49.620 "The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:09:49.620 --> 00:09:51.299 used to recite the Qur'an 00:09:51.299 --> 00:09:53.139 with his head resting in my lap 00:09:53.139 --> 00:09:55.779 while I was menstruating." 00:09:55.860 --> 00:09:59.149 Commentary on the hadith: 00:09:59.149 --> 00:10:02.379 "My lap" refers to her bosom or lap. 00:10:02.379 --> 00:10:06.129 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:10:06.129 --> 00:10:08.370 it is derived from the hadith 00:10:08.370 --> 00:10:10.370 that the body of a menstruating woman is ritually pure, 00:10:10.370 --> 00:10:12.529 except for the site of bleeding; 00:10:12.529 --> 00:10:18.769 and it indicates the permissibility of a menstruating woman listening to the Qur'an. 00:10:18.769 --> 00:10:21.490 Chapter: Calling Postnatal Bleeding Menstruation, 00:10:21.490 --> 00:10:24.539 and Menstruation Postnatal Bleeding. 00:10:24.539 --> 00:10:27.100 On the authority of Zaynab bint Abi Salamah, 00:10:27.100 --> 00:10:29.580 that Umm Salamah said: 00:10:29.580 --> 00:10:33.340 "My menses began while I was lying with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:10:33.340 --> 00:10:34.860 under a plush wool blanket, 00:10:34.860 --> 00:10:37.740 so I slipped away and stepped out from it, 00:10:37.740 --> 00:10:41.419 took my menstruation garments, and put them on. 00:10:41.419 --> 00:10:45.419 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to me: 00:10:45.419 --> 00:10:46.940 'Has your bleeding begun?' 00:10:46.940 --> 00:10:48.620 I said, 'Yes.' 00:10:48.620 --> 00:10:49.899 So he called me 00:10:49.899 --> 00:10:52.860 and had me enter with him under the plush blanket." 00:10:52.860 --> 00:10:54.059 She said: 00:10:54.059 --> 00:10:57.980 "And she narrated to me that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:10:58.059 --> 00:11:01.179 used to kiss her while he was fasting, 00:11:01.179 --> 00:11:05.419 and the Prophet, peace be upon him, and I used to perform ghusl 00:11:05.419 --> 00:11:09.539 from a single vessel following major ritual impurity." 00:11:09.539 --> 00:11:13.149 Commentary on the hadith: 00:11:13.149 --> 00:11:14.509 "The plush blanket" (al-khamilah) 00:11:14.509 --> 00:11:16.509 is a garment with a plush, velvety nap, 00:11:16.509 --> 00:11:18.110 resembling velvet; 00:11:18.110 --> 00:11:19.230 and it is said 00:11:19.230 --> 00:11:22.450 that the term specifically denotes a black plush garment. 00:11:22.450 --> 00:11:23.809 "So I slipped away": 00:11:23.809 --> 00:11:25.730 meaning she withdrew quietly and inconspicuously, 00:11:25.730 --> 00:11:29.090 out of concern that any of her blood might touch him, 00:11:29.090 --> 00:11:31.250 or fearing that revelation might descend, 00:11:31.250 --> 00:11:33.139 so she slipped away. 00:11:33.139 --> 00:11:34.500 "Has your bleeding begun?": 00:11:34.500 --> 00:11:36.850 meaning, has your menstruation started? 00:11:36.850 --> 00:11:40.419 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:11:40.419 --> 00:11:42.500 it is derived from the hadith 00:11:42.500 --> 00:11:47.330 that one is guided to treat wives with kindness and gentleness during menstruation; 00:11:47.330 --> 00:11:49.409 the ritual purity of the menstruating woman's body, 00:11:49.409 --> 00:11:51.649 except for the site of bleeding; 00:11:51.649 --> 00:11:55.970 and an indication that the legal rulings of menstruation and postnatal bleeding are the same 00:11:55.970 --> 00:11:59.009 regarding the prohibition of prayer, the invalidity of fasting, 00:11:59.090 --> 00:12:00.929 and similar matters. 00:12:00.929 --> 00:12:04.850 It also shows the permissibility of a woman purifying herself with leftover water from a man, 00:12:04.850 --> 00:12:07.169 while scholars differ regarding the reverse; 00:12:07.169 --> 00:12:14.129 and the permissibility of a man looking at his wife's private parts and vice versa. 00:12:14.129 --> 00:12:17.629 Chapter: Physical Intimacy with a Menstruating Wife. 00:12:17.629 --> 00:12:19.870 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: 00:12:19.870 --> 00:12:23.389 "Whenever one of us was menstruating 00:12:23.389 --> 00:12:28.750 and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, wished to be intimate with her, 00:12:28.750 --> 00:12:32.669 he would tell her to wrap an izar tightly around her waist at the height of her menses, 00:12:32.669 --> 00:12:34.909 and then be intimate with her." 00:12:34.909 --> 00:12:36.110 She added: 00:12:36.110 --> 00:12:43.580 "And which of you can master his desires as the Prophet, peace be upon him, mastered his?" 00:12:43.580 --> 00:12:45.899 And on the authority of Maymunah, who said: 00:12:45.899 --> 00:12:53.100 "Whenever the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, wished to be intimate with one of his wives, 00:12:53.100 --> 00:12:57.600 he would instruct her to wear an izar while she was menstruating." 00:12:57.679 --> 00:13:01.100 Commentary on the hadith: 00:13:01.100 --> 00:13:03.730 Chapter: Physical Intimacy with a Menstruating Wife. 00:13:03.730 --> 00:13:09.409 Intimacy here refers to skin-to-skin contact and the foreplay 00:13:09.409 --> 00:13:10.850 leading up to intercourse, 00:13:10.850 --> 00:13:14.029 because intercourse with a menstruating woman is unlawful. 00:13:14.029 --> 00:13:15.549 "To wrap an izar": 00:13:15.549 --> 00:13:18.740 meaning to tie a waist-wrapper firmly around herself. 00:13:18.740 --> 00:13:20.659 "At the height of her menses": 00:13:20.659 --> 00:13:22.500 meaning when the bleeding is at its heaviest; 00:13:22.500 --> 00:13:23.460 and it is said: 00:13:23.460 --> 00:13:26.620 at the very onset of her menstrual cycle. 00:13:26.620 --> 00:13:28.940 "And which of you can master his desires": 00:13:28.940 --> 00:13:30.139 the word "irb" 00:13:30.139 --> 00:13:32.779 refers to the physical urge for sexual intercourse; 00:13:32.779 --> 00:13:33.980 and the intended meaning is 00:13:33.980 --> 00:13:38.750 that he possessed complete self-control, never lapsing into what is prohibited. 00:13:38.750 --> 00:13:42.129 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:13:42.129 --> 00:13:44.289 it is derived from the hadith 00:13:44.289 --> 00:13:47.970 that physical intimacy with a menstruating wife is permissible short of intercourse; 00:13:47.970 --> 00:13:50.450 and it establishes the ritual purity of the menstruating woman's body, 00:13:50.450 --> 00:13:52.610 except for the site of bleeding; 00:13:52.610 --> 00:13:55.730 and that intercourse with a menstruating woman is explicitly unlawful by textual proof, 00:13:55.730 --> 00:13:58.049 though scholars differ regarding expiation. 00:13:58.049 --> 00:14:01.009 It also highlights the great right of the husband, 00:14:01.009 --> 00:14:03.090 as the wife serves her husband 00:14:03.090 --> 00:14:07.840 even during her period of menstruation. 00:14:07.840 --> 00:14:11.490 Chapter: The Menstruating Woman Abstaining from Fasting. 00:14:11.490 --> 00:14:15.809 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:14:15.809 --> 00:14:18.929 "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out 00:14:18.929 --> 00:14:22.529 on the day of Adha or Fitr to the prayer ground. 00:14:22.529 --> 00:14:24.129 Then he turned, 00:14:24.129 --> 00:14:27.649 exhorted the people, and commanded them to give charity, 00:14:27.649 --> 00:14:29.009 saying: 00:14:29.009 --> 00:14:32.139 'O people, give charity!' 00:14:32.139 --> 00:14:34.059 Then he passed by the women 00:14:34.059 --> 00:14:35.340 and said: 00:14:35.340 --> 00:14:38.460 'O gathering of women, give charity, 00:14:38.460 --> 00:14:42.529 for I have seen that you constitute the majority of the dwellers of the Fire.' 00:14:42.529 --> 00:14:46.289 We said, 'And why is that, O Messenger of Allah?' 00:14:46.289 --> 00:14:47.490 He said: 00:14:47.490 --> 00:14:49.250 'You curse frequently 00:14:49.250 --> 00:14:51.740 and are ungrateful to your husbands. 00:14:51.740 --> 00:14:55.259 I have never seen anyone deficient in intellect and religion 00:14:55.259 --> 00:15:01.740 more capable of swaying the mind of a resolute man than one of you, O women.' 00:15:01.740 --> 00:15:03.179 In one narration: 00:15:03.179 --> 00:15:08.179 'We said, "And what is the deficiency of our religion and our intellect, O Messenger of Allah?" 00:15:08.179 --> 00:15:09.379 He said: 00:15:09.379 --> 00:15:14.100 "Is not the testimony of a woman equal to half the testimony of a man?" 00:15:14.100 --> 00:15:15.700 We said, "Yes." 00:15:15.700 --> 00:15:16.740 He said: 00:15:16.740 --> 00:15:20.000 "That is from the deficiency of her intellect. 00:15:20.000 --> 00:15:24.080 Is it not so that when she menstruates, she neither prays nor fasts?" 00:15:24.159 --> 00:15:25.840 We said, "Yes." 00:15:25.840 --> 00:15:27.039 He said: 00:15:27.039 --> 00:15:30.720 "That is from the deficiency of her religion."' 00:15:30.720 --> 00:15:32.320 Then he departed. 00:15:32.320 --> 00:15:34.799 When he arrived at his home, 00:15:34.799 --> 00:15:36.559 Zaynab, 00:15:36.559 --> 00:15:38.480 the wife of Ibn Mas'ud, arrived, 00:15:38.480 --> 00:15:40.480 asking permission to enter upon him. 00:15:40.480 --> 00:15:41.519 It was said: 00:15:41.519 --> 00:15:43.120 'O Messenger of Allah, 00:15:43.120 --> 00:15:45.039 here is Zaynab.' 00:15:45.039 --> 00:15:46.240 He asked: 00:15:46.240 --> 00:15:48.080 'Which of the Zaynabs?' 00:15:48.080 --> 00:15:49.200 It was said: 00:15:49.200 --> 00:15:51.440 'The wife of Ibn Mas'ud.' 00:15:51.440 --> 00:15:52.480 He said: 00:15:52.480 --> 00:15:53.279 'Yes, 00:15:53.279 --> 00:15:55.039 permit her to enter.' 00:15:55.039 --> 00:15:56.639 So she was granted permission, 00:15:56.639 --> 00:15:57.919 and she said: 00:15:57.919 --> 00:15:59.679 'O Prophet of Allah, 00:15:59.679 --> 00:16:02.720 you commanded charity today, 00:16:02.720 --> 00:16:05.600 and I had some jewelry belonging to me 00:16:05.600 --> 00:16:08.320 which I intended to give away as charity, 00:16:08.320 --> 00:16:10.240 but Ibn Mas'ud claimed 00:16:10.240 --> 00:16:15.360 that he and his children are more deserving of what I give in charity.' 00:16:15.360 --> 00:16:18.799 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:16:18.799 --> 00:16:21.039 'Ibn Mas'ud has spoken the truth; 00:16:21.120 --> 00:16:27.149 your husband and your children are most entitled to what you give in charity.'" 00:16:27.149 --> 00:16:30.700 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:30.700 --> 00:16:31.980 "He exhorted": 00:16:31.980 --> 00:16:36.539 exhortation is reminding people of good and warning against evil, 00:16:36.539 --> 00:16:40.909 and similar speech that softens the heart of the listener. 00:16:40.909 --> 00:16:43.070 "O gathering of women": 00:16:43.070 --> 00:16:47.860 a gathering (ma'shar) refers to any group sharing a common state. 00:16:47.860 --> 00:16:49.539 "You curse frequently": 00:16:49.539 --> 00:16:50.899 cursing here 00:16:50.980 --> 00:16:53.539 means invoking banishment from Allah's mercy 00:16:53.539 --> 00:16:56.129 and distance from good. 00:16:56.129 --> 00:16:58.129 "And are ungrateful to your husbands": 00:16:58.129 --> 00:17:00.210 the word "ashir" means the husband, 00:17:00.210 --> 00:17:02.450 and it is also said to mean anyone with whom one associates closely; 00:17:02.450 --> 00:17:04.369 and the meaning of ingratitude (kufr) here 00:17:04.369 --> 00:17:06.210 is denial of good treatment. 00:17:06.210 --> 00:17:08.289 For he is a maintainer over her, 00:17:08.289 --> 00:17:09.569 yet she denies his kindness 00:17:09.569 --> 00:17:13.390 owing to the vulnerability of her intellect and her limited discernment. 00:17:13.390 --> 00:17:16.349 "More capable of swaying the mind of a resolute man": 00:17:16.349 --> 00:17:18.509 "lubb" means the intellect, 00:17:18.509 --> 00:17:19.789 and "resolute" 00:17:19.869 --> 00:17:22.990 refers to one who is cautious, firm, and discerning in his affairs. 00:17:22.990 --> 00:17:24.720 Zaynab: 00:17:24.720 --> 00:17:28.559 it is said she is Zaynab bint Mu'awiyah al-Thaqafiyyah, 00:17:28.559 --> 00:17:31.119 the wife of 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, 00:17:31.119 --> 00:17:33.519 and her agnomen was Ra'itah; 00:17:33.519 --> 00:17:35.599 other opinions have also been stated. 00:17:35.599 --> 00:17:37.119 "He claimed": 00:17:37.119 --> 00:17:38.559 Meaning that he said: 00:17:38.559 --> 00:17:43.339 "Your husband and your child are the most deserving of those upon whom you bestow charity." 00:17:43.339 --> 00:17:46.220 That is, as long as the need exists, 00:17:46.220 --> 00:17:48.940 and the charity is voluntary charity, 00:17:49.099 --> 00:17:51.579 then spending it upon the husband and the child 00:17:51.579 --> 00:17:54.619 is better than spending it upon others. 00:17:54.619 --> 00:17:59.250 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:17:59.250 --> 00:18:01.329 It is derived from the hadith: 00:18:01.329 --> 00:18:05.250 Going out to the prayer place (musalla) to perform the 'Eid prayer; 00:18:05.250 --> 00:18:09.250 The prescribed nature of women attending the 'Eid prayer; 00:18:09.250 --> 00:18:12.529 Singling out women for exhortation and reminder 00:18:12.529 --> 00:18:15.250 in a gathering separate from that of men, 00:18:15.250 --> 00:18:18.210 provided it does not lead to any harm or corruption; 00:18:18.369 --> 00:18:22.450 In it is the command for those guilty of sins and infractions to give charity, 00:18:22.450 --> 00:18:25.809 because it is among the means of repelling the punishment of Hellfire; 00:18:25.809 --> 00:18:29.250 In it is the permissibility of interceding on behalf of the destitute; 00:18:29.250 --> 00:18:33.579 The permissibility of applying the term "kufr" to ingratitude for blessings (kufr al-ni'mah); 00:18:33.579 --> 00:18:37.900 In the hadith is an indication toward firmness in admonishing by highlighting the underlying flaw 00:18:37.900 --> 00:18:44.240 that prompts the removal of the defect and sin with which a person is characterized; 00:18:44.319 --> 00:18:49.839 In it is taking care to mention matters most urgently needed by the addressees; 00:18:49.839 --> 00:18:53.200 Offering sincere advice to whoever needs it 00:18:53.200 --> 00:18:55.440 and taking the initiative to go to them with it; 00:18:55.440 --> 00:18:58.240 Addressing people in general terms 00:18:58.240 --> 00:19:01.440 rather than singling out a specific individual, 00:19:01.440 --> 00:19:05.279 for in generality there is comfort and ease of acceptance; 00:19:05.279 --> 00:19:09.119 The prescribed nature of women seeking permission to enter upon men; 00:19:09.119 --> 00:19:13.920 The prescribed nature of inquiring about the one seeking permission and asking for their lineage or identity; 00:19:13.920 --> 00:19:19.119 And the permissibility of a woman giving in charity from her own wealth without her husband's permission. 00:19:19.119 --> 00:19:24.609 Chapter: Washing Menstrual Blood. 00:19:24.609 --> 00:19:26.849 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: 00:19:26.849 --> 00:19:29.170 "One of us would menstruate, 00:19:29.170 --> 00:19:33.410 then she would pinch the blood from her garment upon attaining purity, 00:19:33.410 --> 00:19:37.009 wash it, sprinkle water over the rest of the garment, 00:19:37.009 --> 00:19:40.019 and then pray in it." 00:19:40.019 --> 00:19:43.390 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:19:43.390 --> 00:19:45.150 "She would pinch the blood" (taqrusuhu), 00:19:45.390 --> 00:19:48.990 meaning she would rub it with the fingertips and fingernails 00:19:48.990 --> 00:19:52.829 while pouring water over it until it was removed. 00:19:52.829 --> 00:19:55.630 "Tandahu", meaning she would sprinkle water 00:19:55.630 --> 00:19:59.650 "over the rest of it", meaning over the remainder of the garment. 00:20:03.460 --> 00:20:05.700 It is derived from the hadith: 00:20:05.700 --> 00:20:08.900 A menstruating woman does not have to wash her entire garment, 00:20:08.900 --> 00:20:13.089 but rather only washes the part where impurity is confirmed; 00:20:13.089 --> 00:20:17.250 And the practice of the Mothers of the Believers in acts of worship 00:20:17.250 --> 00:20:21.890 carries the ruling of being marfu' (raised to the Prophet). 00:20:21.890 --> 00:20:25.730 Chapter: I'tikaf for the Woman Experiencing Chronic Vaginal Bleeding (Istihadah). 00:20:25.730 --> 00:20:29.410 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 00:20:29.410 --> 00:20:33.170 "A woman from among the Prophet's wives who was experiencing istihadah 00:20:33.170 --> 00:20:36.769 performed i'tikaf with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:20:36.769 --> 00:20:39.980 She would see red and yellowish discharge, 00:20:39.980 --> 00:20:45.660 and we would sometimes place a basin beneath her while she was praying." 00:20:45.740 --> 00:20:49.230 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:20:49.230 --> 00:20:52.380 Chapter: I'tikaf for the Woman Experiencing Istihadah. 00:20:52.380 --> 00:20:57.069 I'tikaf is remaining in the mosque with a specific intention. 00:20:57.069 --> 00:21:03.140 Istihadah is the continuation of bleeding in a woman beyond the days of her menstrual period. 00:21:03.140 --> 00:21:05.460 "A woman from among his wives": 00:21:05.460 --> 00:21:09.700 It is said she was Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:21:09.700 --> 00:21:14.019 and it is said Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:21:14.099 --> 00:21:20.819 and it is said Ramlah, Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with her). 00:21:20.819 --> 00:21:26.670 "The basin" (tast) is like a pot made of brass or stone. 00:21:26.670 --> 00:21:30.299 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:21:30.299 --> 00:21:36.019 It is derived from the hadith that the status of a woman experiencing istihadah is like that of a pure woman; 00:21:36.019 --> 00:21:46.299 And in it is the permissibility of i'tikaf for someone suffering from urinary incontinence or a bleeding wound, by analogy to the woman with istihadah. 00:21:46.380 --> 00:21:52.130 Chapter: May a Woman Pray in a Garment in Which She Menstruated? 00:21:52.130 --> 00:21:59.970 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: "None of us had more than a single garment in which she would menstruate. 00:21:59.970 --> 00:22:08.259 If any blood got onto it, she would moisten it with her saliva and scrape it off with her fingernail." 00:22:08.259 --> 00:22:11.630 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:22:11.630 --> 00:22:20.829 "She used her saliva", meaning she wetted it with her saliva and rubbed it; "al-qas'" means rubbing and working it out. 00:22:25.359 --> 00:22:31.119 It is derived from the hadith that it is permissible to remove impurity with something other than water, 00:22:31.119 --> 00:22:39.819 and that removing impurity does not require a specific number of washings; rather, what matters is achieving cleanliness. 00:22:39.819 --> 00:22:45.710 Chapter: Perfume for a Woman When Purifying Herself from Menses. 00:22:45.710 --> 00:22:53.490 On the authority of Umm 'Atiyyah: In a narration, a son of Umm 'Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) passed away, 00:22:53.490 --> 00:22:59.940 and when the third day arrived, she called for a yellowish perfume (sufrah) and wiped it over herself. 00:22:59.940 --> 00:23:09.059 Reporting from the Prophet (peace be upon him), she said: "We were forbidden to mourn for any deceased person beyond three days, 00:23:09.140 --> 00:23:13.779 except for a husband, which is four months and ten days; 00:23:13.779 --> 00:23:17.380 and we were not to wear kohl, apply perfume, 00:23:17.380 --> 00:23:22.690 or wear dyed clothes, except for patterned Yemeni garments ('asb). 00:23:22.690 --> 00:23:28.289 But we were granted a concession, upon attaining purity when one of us washed after her menses, 00:23:28.289 --> 00:23:31.789 to use a small piece of costus and 'azfar perfume. 00:23:31.789 --> 00:23:36.059 And we were forbidden from following funeral processions," 00:23:36.140 --> 00:23:40.720 and in a narration: "though it was not made strictly binding upon us." 00:23:40.720 --> 00:23:44.579 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:23:44.579 --> 00:23:49.730 "We were forbidden", meaning prevented from mourning over a deceased person. 00:23:49.730 --> 00:23:54.049 Mourning (ihdad) is for a woman to abandon adornment, perfume, 00:23:54.049 --> 00:23:58.829 and anything that invites marriage proposals for a specified duration. 00:23:58.829 --> 00:24:03.809 "Beyond three", meaning three nights along with their days. 00:24:03.890 --> 00:24:07.970 "Except for a husband, four months and ten days", 00:24:07.970 --> 00:24:12.910 because usually the movement of the fetus becomes evident within that period. 00:24:12.910 --> 00:24:18.190 "Except a garment of 'asb", which refers to striped Yemeni cloaks. 00:24:18.190 --> 00:24:21.710 "A small piece" (nubdhah), meaning a small amount. 00:24:21.710 --> 00:24:25.309 "Costus" (qust/kust) is a type of perfume. 00:24:25.309 --> 00:24:28.750 "'Azfar" is attributed to Dhafar, 00:24:28.750 --> 00:24:31.710 which is a coastal region of Aden; 00:24:31.789 --> 00:24:34.430 and it is also said that "qust azfar" 00:24:34.430 --> 00:24:37.230 is a type of black fragrance, 00:24:37.230 --> 00:24:41.140 a piece of which resembles a fingernail (zufur). 00:24:41.140 --> 00:24:44.859 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:24:44.859 --> 00:24:46.940 It is derived from the hadith: 00:24:46.940 --> 00:24:50.859 A Companion's statement "we were forbidden" or "we were granted a concession" 00:24:50.859 --> 00:24:53.279 carries the ruling of being marfu' (raised to the Prophet); 00:24:53.279 --> 00:24:54.880 The scholars are unanimously agreed 00:24:54.880 --> 00:25:00.240 that it is impermissible for a mourning woman to wear safflower-dyed or brightly colored garments, 00:25:00.240 --> 00:25:02.960 except for what is dyed black; 00:25:02.960 --> 00:25:06.000 The general rule for a woman observing the post-bereavement waiting period ('iddat al-wafat) 00:25:06.000 --> 00:25:08.640 is that she observes it by months, 00:25:08.640 --> 00:25:11.039 but if she is pregnant, 00:25:11.039 --> 00:25:13.710 then her waiting period ends with the delivery of the child; 00:25:13.710 --> 00:25:15.230 And the apparent meaning of the hadith 00:25:15.230 --> 00:25:18.430 indicates that following funeral processions for women is disliked (makruh), 00:25:18.430 --> 00:25:21.710 due to the statement of Umm 'Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her): 00:25:21.710 --> 00:25:26.559 "Though it was not made strictly binding upon us." 00:25:26.559 --> 00:25:28.720 Chapter: A Woman Rubbing Her Body 00:25:28.720 --> 00:25:31.279 When Purifying Herself from Menses, 00:25:31.279 --> 00:25:33.200 How She Performs Ghusl, 00:25:33.279 --> 00:25:35.920 and Takes a Piece of Cloth Scented with Musk 00:25:35.920 --> 00:25:39.759 to Trace the Traces of Blood. 00:25:39.759 --> 00:25:41.279 On the authority of 'A'ishah, 00:25:41.279 --> 00:25:45.200 that a woman asked the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:25:45.200 --> 00:25:47.839 about her ghusl from menses. 00:25:47.839 --> 00:25:50.640 So he instructed her on how to perform ghusl, 00:25:50.640 --> 00:25:51.839 and said: 00:25:51.839 --> 00:25:54.160 "Take a piece of cloth scented with musk 00:25:54.160 --> 00:25:56.539 and purify yourself with it." 00:25:56.539 --> 00:25:57.900 In a narration: 00:25:57.900 --> 00:26:00.420 "And perform ablution three times." 00:26:00.420 --> 00:26:01.460 She asked: 00:26:01.460 --> 00:26:03.460 "How do I purify myself with it?" 00:26:03.460 --> 00:26:04.500 He said: 00:26:04.500 --> 00:26:06.660 "Purify yourself with it." 00:26:06.660 --> 00:26:07.700 She asked: 00:26:07.700 --> 00:26:08.980 "How?" 00:26:08.980 --> 00:26:10.019 He said: 00:26:10.019 --> 00:26:11.700 "Glory be to Allah (Subhan Allah)! 00:26:11.700 --> 00:26:13.380 Purify yourself!" 00:26:13.380 --> 00:26:14.900 In a narration: 00:26:14.900 --> 00:26:19.220 Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) felt shy 00:26:19.220 --> 00:26:21.440 and turned his face away, 00:26:21.440 --> 00:26:23.869 so I pulled her toward me. 00:26:23.869 --> 00:26:25.230 In a narration, 00:26:25.230 --> 00:26:26.990 'A'ishah said: 00:26:26.990 --> 00:26:32.029 "I understood what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) meant, 00:26:32.029 --> 00:26:33.230 so I said: 00:26:33.230 --> 00:26:37.250 'Trace the traces of blood with it.'" 00:26:37.250 --> 00:26:40.559 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:26:40.559 --> 00:26:41.759 "A woman": 00:26:41.759 --> 00:26:44.539 She was Asma' bint Shakl. 00:26:44.539 --> 00:26:46.460 "A piece of cloth scented with musk" (firsah min misk), 00:26:46.460 --> 00:26:48.059 meaning a piece of cotton 00:26:48.059 --> 00:26:50.380 or a rag scented with musk 00:26:50.380 --> 00:26:53.180 with which a woman cleanses herself after menstruation; 00:26:53.180 --> 00:26:56.220 and it is also said to be a piece of scented leather. 00:26:56.220 --> 00:26:58.299 "I pulled her toward me", 00:26:58.299 --> 00:27:00.960 meaning I drew her close to myself. 00:27:00.960 --> 00:27:03.680 "Trace the traces of blood with it", 00:27:03.759 --> 00:27:06.339 meaning with that scented piece. 00:27:06.339 --> 00:27:10.109 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:27:10.109 --> 00:27:12.349 It is derived from the hadith: 00:27:12.349 --> 00:27:18.349 Modesty does not prevent asking about essential matters of religious law; 00:27:18.349 --> 00:27:21.549 Expressing astonishment by saying "Subhan Allah"; 00:27:21.549 --> 00:27:25.230 That women are better suited to teach other women; 00:27:25.230 --> 00:27:29.710 The recommendation of perfuming oneself for a woman performing ghusl from menses and post-natal bleeding, 00:27:29.710 --> 00:27:34.430 applied to all areas of her body touched by blood; 00:27:34.430 --> 00:27:38.829 The recommendation of using euphemisms for sensitive body parts ('awrah); 00:27:38.829 --> 00:27:41.710 And explaining a scholar's words in his presence 00:27:41.710 --> 00:27:43.470 to someone who did not understand them, 00:27:43.470 --> 00:27:48.779 if it is known that the scholar would welcome that. 00:27:48.779 --> 00:27:51.579 Chapter: The Statement of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic: 00:27:51.579 --> 00:27:56.109 "Formed and unformed." 00:27:56.109 --> 00:27:57.869 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, 00:27:57.869 --> 00:28:02.130 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:28:02.130 --> 00:28:06.690 "Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, has appointed an angel over the womb, 00:28:06.849 --> 00:28:08.289 who says: 00:28:08.289 --> 00:28:10.210 'O Lord, a drop of semen (nutfah); 00:28:10.210 --> 00:28:12.289 O Lord, a clinging clot ('alaqah); 00:28:12.289 --> 00:28:14.460 O Lord, a lump of flesh (mudghah).' 00:28:14.460 --> 00:28:18.140 Then, when He wills to decree its creation, the angel says: 00:28:18.140 --> 00:28:20.619 'Male or female? 00:28:20.619 --> 00:28:23.180 Wretched or blessed? 00:28:23.180 --> 00:28:25.740 What is the provision and the lifespan?' 00:28:25.740 --> 00:28:29.170 And that is recorded while it is in its mother's womb." 00:28:29.170 --> 00:28:32.369 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:28:32.369 --> 00:28:34.450 Chapter: The Statement of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic: 00:28:34.450 --> 00:28:37.599 "Formed and unformed." 00:28:37.599 --> 00:28:42.319 "Formed" means shaped into a complete human form, 00:28:42.319 --> 00:28:44.160 and "unformed" 00:28:44.160 --> 00:28:47.920 means cast out by the womb before complete development. 00:28:47.920 --> 00:28:49.200 "'Alaqah" 00:28:49.200 --> 00:28:52.160 means thick, congealed blood. 00:28:52.160 --> 00:28:53.359 "Mudghah" 00:28:53.359 --> 00:28:55.039 means a piece of flesh 00:28:55.039 --> 00:28:58.380 the size of what a person can chew. 00:28:58.380 --> 00:29:01.950 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:29:01.950 --> 00:29:03.150 In the hadith 00:29:03.150 --> 00:29:06.750 is an indication that a pregnant woman does not menstruate, 00:29:06.910 --> 00:29:09.390 because the womb's containment of the fetus 00:29:09.390 --> 00:29:12.109 prevents the discharge of menstrual blood; 00:29:12.109 --> 00:29:14.589 In it is belief in the angels 00:29:14.589 --> 00:29:17.710 and mention of one of their assigned duties; 00:29:17.710 --> 00:29:21.309 and the obligation of believing in divine decree and predestination.