1 00:00:00,430 --> 00:00:03,430 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2 00:00:03,430 --> 00:00:08,429 The best of generations in stance and example, 3 00:00:08,429 --> 00:00:13,429 Who followed the Messenger in his endeavors and words. 4 00:00:13,429 --> 00:00:15,429 Mawaddah Association 5 00:00:15,429 --> 00:00:17,429 Presents: 6 00:00:17,429 --> 00:00:21,429 Portraits from the Lives of the Tabi'un, 7 00:00:21,429 --> 00:00:25,850 By Dr. Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha, 8 00:00:25,850 --> 00:00:27,850 May Allah have mercy on him. 9 00:00:27,850 --> 00:00:33,340 Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah, 10 00:00:33,340 --> 00:00:35,630 May Allah have mercy on him. 11 00:00:42,729 --> 00:00:47,729 A rift once occurred between Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah and his brother al-Hasan Ibn Ali, 12 00:00:47,729 --> 00:00:51,729 So Ibn al-Hanafiyyah sent a message to al-Hasan, saying: 13 00:00:51,729 --> 00:00:53,729 "Allah has favored you over me; 14 00:00:53,729 --> 00:00:59,729 For your mother is Fatimah, daughter of Muhammad Ibn Abd Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 15 00:00:59,729 --> 00:01:02,729 While my mother is a woman from the tribe of Banu Hanifah. 16 00:01:02,729 --> 00:01:06,730 Your maternal grandfather is the Messenger of Allah, the elite of His creation, 17 00:01:06,730 --> 00:01:09,730 While my maternal grandfather is Ja'far Ibn Qays. 18 00:01:09,730 --> 00:01:12,730 Therefore, when this letter of mine reaches you, 19 00:01:12,730 --> 00:01:14,730 Come to me and reconcile with me, 20 00:01:14,730 --> 00:01:18,730 So that the virtue of precedence may remain yours over me in everything." 21 00:01:18,730 --> 00:01:21,920 No sooner had his message reached al-Hasan 22 00:01:21,920 --> 00:01:25,920 Than he hastened to his house and reconciled with him. 23 00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:29,019 Who, then, was this refined, astute, and tactful man? 24 00:01:29,019 --> 00:01:31,019 He was Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah. 25 00:01:31,019 --> 00:01:36,140 Come, let us review the story of his life from its very beginning. 26 00:01:36,140 --> 00:01:43,650 This story begins during the final days of the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 27 00:01:43,650 --> 00:01:45,650 For one day, 28 00:01:45,650 --> 00:01:51,650 Ali Ibn Abi Talib was sitting in a gathering with the Prophet, peace be upon him, 29 00:01:51,650 --> 00:01:53,650 And said, "O Messenger of Allah, 30 00:01:53,650 --> 00:01:56,650 Tell me, if a son is born to me after you, 31 00:01:56,650 --> 00:01:58,650 May I name him with your name, 32 00:01:58,650 --> 00:02:00,650 And give him your kunyah?" 33 00:02:00,650 --> 00:02:02,650 He replied, "Yes." 34 00:02:02,650 --> 00:02:05,810 Then the days turned their full course, 35 00:02:05,810 --> 00:02:11,810 And the noble Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, joined the Highest Companion. 36 00:02:11,810 --> 00:02:17,810 A few months later, he was followed by his daughter and fragrant blossom, Fatimah al-Batul, 37 00:02:17,810 --> 00:02:20,810 The mother of al-Hasan and al-Husayn. 38 00:02:20,810 --> 00:02:23,810 Afterwards, Ali married into the Banu Hanifah, 39 00:02:23,810 --> 00:02:27,810 Wedding Khawlah bint Ja'far Ibn Qays al-Hanafiyyah, 40 00:02:27,810 --> 00:02:30,810 And she bore him a male child. 41 00:02:30,810 --> 00:02:32,810 He named him Muhammad, 42 00:02:32,810 --> 00:02:34,810 And gave him the kunyah Abu al-Qasim, 43 00:02:34,810 --> 00:02:38,810 By permission granted from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 44 00:02:38,810 --> 00:02:43,840 However, people began calling him Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah, 45 00:02:43,840 --> 00:02:47,840 To distinguish him from his brothers, al-Hasan and al-Husayn, 46 00:02:47,840 --> 00:02:49,840 The sons of Fatimah al-Zahra', 47 00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:52,840 And thus he became known in history by that name. 48 00:02:52,840 --> 00:03:00,469 Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah was born toward the end of the caliphate of al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, 49 00:03:00,469 --> 00:03:05,469 And was raised and nurtured under the care of his father, Ali Ibn Abi Talib. 50 00:03:05,469 --> 00:03:07,469 He was tutored under his direct guidance, 51 00:03:07,469 --> 00:03:10,469 Adopting from him his worship and asceticism, 52 00:03:10,469 --> 00:03:13,469 Inheriting from him his strength and valor, 53 00:03:13,469 --> 00:03:17,469 And acquiring from him his eloquence and rhetoric. 54 00:03:17,469 --> 00:03:21,469 Thus, he was an igniter of war on the battlefields, 55 00:03:21,469 --> 00:03:24,469 A knight of the pulpit in the assemblies of men, 56 00:03:24,469 --> 00:03:27,469 And a monk among the monks of the night, 57 00:03:27,469 --> 00:03:32,469 When darkness draped its veils over the universe and eyes went to sleep. 58 00:03:32,469 --> 00:03:38,539 His father, may Allah be pleased with him, thrust him into the wars he waged, 59 00:03:38,539 --> 00:03:44,539 Imposing burdens upon him that he did not impose on his brothers, al-Hasan and al-Husayn, 60 00:03:44,539 --> 00:03:47,539 Yet his resolve never softened, 61 00:03:47,539 --> 00:03:49,539 Nor did his determination ever weaken. 62 00:03:49,539 --> 00:03:52,539 It was once said to him: 63 00:03:52,539 --> 00:03:57,539 "Why does your father thrust you into perils and force you into tight straits, 64 00:03:57,539 --> 00:04:00,539 To the exclusion of your brothers al-Hasan and al-Husayn?" 65 00:04:00,539 --> 00:04:06,539 He replied, "That is because my two brothers hold the status of his eyes, 66 00:04:06,539 --> 00:04:09,539 Whereas I hold the status of his hands; 67 00:04:09,539 --> 00:04:14,139 And a man shields his eyes with his hands." 68 00:04:14,139 --> 00:04:16,139 At the Battle of Siffin, 69 00:04:16,139 --> 00:04:23,139 Which raged between Ali Ibn Abi Talib and Mu'awiyah Ibn Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with them both, 70 00:04:23,139 --> 00:04:27,139 Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah carried his father's standard. 71 00:04:27,139 --> 00:04:33,139 As the millstone of war was turning, fiercely grinding down the men of both factions, 72 00:04:33,139 --> 00:04:37,139 An event occurred involving him which he recounted himself, saying: 73 00:04:37,139 --> 00:04:40,139 "I remember us at Siffin, 74 00:04:40,139 --> 00:04:43,139 When we clashed with the companions of Mu'awiyah, 75 00:04:44,139 --> 00:04:49,139 And fought so fiercely that I thought not a single soul would survive from either of us. 76 00:04:49,139 --> 00:04:52,139 I was horrified by the magnitude of the horror and deemed it an immense calamity. 77 00:04:52,139 --> 00:04:56,139 Before long, I heard a crier shouting from behind me: 78 00:04:56,139 --> 00:04:58,139 'O gathering of Muslims! 79 00:04:58,139 --> 00:05:00,139 Fear Allah, fear Allah! 80 00:05:00,139 --> 00:05:02,139 O gathering of Muslims! 81 00:05:02,139 --> 00:05:04,139 Who will be left for the women and children? 82 00:05:04,139 --> 00:05:07,139 Who will be left for religion and honors? 83 00:05:07,139 --> 00:05:09,139 Who will be left to face the Byzantines and the Daylamites? 84 00:05:09,139 --> 00:05:11,139 O gathering of Muslims! 85 00:05:11,139 --> 00:05:15,139 Fear Allah, fear Allah, and spare one another, O gathering of Muslims!' 86 00:05:15,139 --> 00:05:19,139 That is, fear Allah and have mercy upon the Muslims. 87 00:05:19,139 --> 00:05:25,139 Thereupon, I pledged to myself that my sword would never be raised against a Muslim after that day." 88 00:05:25,139 --> 00:05:32,699 Later, Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, was martyred by a sinful, transgressing hand, 89 00:05:32,699 --> 00:05:35,699 And the leadership devolved to Mu'awiyah Ibn Abi Sufyan. 90 00:05:35,699 --> 00:05:41,699 Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah pledged allegiance to him to listen and obey, in ease and hardship, 91 00:05:41,699 --> 00:05:44,699 Desiring to mend the rift, unite the ranks, 92 00:05:44,699 --> 00:05:47,699 And uphold the honor of Islam and the Muslims. 93 00:05:47,699 --> 00:05:53,699 Mu'awiyah, may Allah be pleased with him, sensed the sincerity and purity of this pledge, 94 00:05:53,699 --> 00:05:57,699 And felt completely reassured regarding him, 95 00:05:57,699 --> 00:06:01,699 Which prompted him to invite Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah to visit him. 96 00:06:01,699 --> 00:06:04,829 Thus, he visited him in Damascus more than once, 97 00:06:04,829 --> 00:06:06,829 And for more than one reason. 98 00:06:07,829 --> 00:06:11,829 Among those occasions was that the Roman Emperor wrote to Mu'awiyah, saying: 99 00:06:11,829 --> 00:06:14,829 "Kings among us correspond with kings, 100 00:06:14,829 --> 00:06:18,829 Presenting each other with the curiosities they possess, 101 00:06:18,829 --> 00:06:23,829 And vying with one another over the wonders of their realms. 102 00:06:23,829 --> 00:06:28,829 Would you permit the same exchange to take place between me and you?" 103 00:06:28,829 --> 00:06:32,829 Mu'awiyah replied in the affirmative and granted him permission. 104 00:06:32,829 --> 00:06:37,829 So the Roman Emperor dispatched to him two extraordinary men: 105 00:06:37,829 --> 00:06:40,829 One was an excessively tall man, 106 00:06:40,829 --> 00:06:43,829 Immense and profoundly gigantic in build, 107 00:06:43,829 --> 00:06:47,829 Such that he looked like a towering tree in a forest, 108 00:06:47,829 --> 00:06:49,829 Or a firmly erected structure. 109 00:06:49,829 --> 00:06:52,990 The second was exceptionally powerful, 110 00:06:52,990 --> 00:06:56,990 Robust and solid, as if he were a ferocious beast. 111 00:06:56,990 --> 00:07:01,060 He sent a letter with them, in which he said: 112 00:07:02,060 --> 00:07:07,060 "Is there anyone in your realm who equals these two men in height and strength?" 113 00:07:07,060 --> 00:07:10,089 Mu'awiyah said to 'Amr Ibn al-'As: 114 00:07:10,089 --> 00:07:15,089 "As for the tall one, I have found someone who matches him and even surpasses him, 115 00:07:15,089 --> 00:07:18,089 And that is Qays Ibn Sa'd Ibn 'Ubadah. 116 00:07:18,089 --> 00:07:22,089 But as for the strong one, I need your counsel regarding him." 117 00:07:22,089 --> 00:07:26,089 'Amr said, "There are two men fit for this matter, 118 00:07:26,089 --> 00:07:29,089 Yet both of them are far removed from you: 119 00:07:29,089 --> 00:07:32,089 Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah 120 00:07:32,089 --> 00:07:34,120 And Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr." 121 00:07:34,120 --> 00:07:36,120 Mu'awiyah said: 122 00:07:36,120 --> 00:07:40,120 "Indeed, Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah is not far from us." 123 00:07:40,120 --> 00:07:42,120 'Amr said: 124 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:48,120 "Yet do you think that, despite his exalted stature and lofty station, he would consent 125 00:07:48,120 --> 00:07:52,120 To wrestle a Roman man in full view of the people?" 126 00:07:52,120 --> 00:07:54,120 Mu'awiyah replied: 127 00:07:54,120 --> 00:07:58,120 "He would do that and even more than that, 128 00:07:58,120 --> 00:08:01,120 If he sees in it glory for Islam." 129 00:08:01,120 --> 00:08:05,250 Then Mu'awiyah summoned both Qays Ibn Sa'd 130 00:08:05,250 --> 00:08:07,250 And Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah. 131 00:08:07,250 --> 00:08:09,310 When the assembly convened, 132 00:08:09,310 --> 00:08:11,310 Qays Ibn Sa'd stood up, 133 00:08:11,310 --> 00:08:13,310 Took off his trousers, 134 00:08:13,310 --> 00:08:15,310 Threw them to the Roman giant, 135 00:08:15,310 --> 00:08:17,310 And commanded him to put them on. 136 00:08:17,310 --> 00:08:19,310 The man put them on, 137 00:08:19,310 --> 00:08:22,310 And they reached all the way up above his chest, 138 00:08:22,310 --> 00:08:24,410 So the people laughed at him. 139 00:08:24,410 --> 00:08:26,410 As for Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah, 140 00:08:26,410 --> 00:08:28,410 He said to the interpreter: 141 00:08:28,410 --> 00:08:29,410 "Tell the Roman 142 00:08:29,410 --> 00:08:33,409 That if he wishes, he may sit while I remain standing, 143 00:08:33,409 --> 00:08:35,409 Then he can give me his hand, 144 00:08:35,409 --> 00:08:39,409 And either I will pull him to his feet, or he will pull me down to a sit. 145 00:08:39,409 --> 00:08:40,409 And if he wishes, 146 00:08:40,409 --> 00:08:43,409 He may be the one standing while I am the one seated." 147 00:08:43,409 --> 00:08:46,409 The Roman chose to sit, 148 00:08:46,409 --> 00:08:50,409 So Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah took him by the hand and pulled him to his feet, 149 00:08:50,409 --> 00:08:52,409 While the Roman failed to pull him down. 150 00:08:52,409 --> 00:08:55,409 Pride and indignation surged in the Roman's chest, 151 00:08:55,409 --> 00:08:58,409 And he chose to be the one standing 152 00:08:58,409 --> 00:09:00,409 While Muhammad was seated. 153 00:09:00,409 --> 00:09:02,409 So Muhammad took him by the hand 154 00:09:02,409 --> 00:09:04,409 And gave him such a wrenching pull 155 00:09:04,409 --> 00:09:07,409 That it nearly dislocated his forearm from his shoulder, 156 00:09:07,409 --> 00:09:09,409 Bringing him crashing down to the ground. 157 00:09:09,409 --> 00:09:11,470 Thus, the two Roman brutes departed, 158 00:09:11,470 --> 00:09:17,100 Returning to their emperor defeated and humiliated. 159 00:09:17,100 --> 00:09:21,100 Then the days turned their full course once again, 160 00:09:21,100 --> 00:09:24,100 And Mu'awiyah, his son Yazid, 161 00:09:24,100 --> 00:09:27,100 And Marwan Ibn al-Hakam all departed to the presence of their Lord. 162 00:09:27,100 --> 00:09:32,100 The leadership of the Umayyads passed to Abd al-Malik Ibn Marwan, 163 00:09:32,100 --> 00:09:35,100 Who proclaimed himself Caliph of the Muslims, 164 00:09:35,100 --> 00:09:38,139 And the people of the Levant pledged allegiance to him. 165 00:09:38,139 --> 00:09:41,139 Meanwhile, the people of the Hijaz and Iraq 166 00:09:41,139 --> 00:09:44,139 Had already pledged allegiance to Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr. 167 00:09:44,139 --> 00:09:48,139 Each of them began calling those who had not sworn allegiance to give him their pledge, 168 00:09:48,139 --> 00:09:53,139 Claiming to the people that he had a greater right to the caliphate than his rival. 169 00:09:53,139 --> 00:09:56,139 Thus, the ranks of the Muslims were split once more. 170 00:09:56,139 --> 00:09:59,139 At this point, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr demanded 171 00:09:59,139 --> 00:10:02,139 That Muhammad Ibn al-Hanafiyyah pledge allegiance to him, 172 00:10:02,139 --> 00:10:05,139 Just as the people of the Hijaz had done. 173 00:10:05,139 --> 00:10:08,139 Yet it was not lost on Ibn al-Hanafiyyah 174 00:10:08,139 --> 00:10:11,139 That giving a pledge of allegiance placed upon his neck 175 00:10:11,139 --> 00:10:14,169 Numerous obligations toward the one he pledged to, 176 00:10:14,169 --> 00:10:17,169 Among which was unsheathing his sword in his defense 177 00:10:17,169 --> 00:10:19,169 And fighting against those who opposed him— 178 00:10:19,169 --> 00:10:22,169 While those opponents were none other than Muslims who had exercised their judgment 179 00:10:22,169 --> 00:10:25,169 And pledged allegiance to someone other than the one he would pledge to. 180 00:10:25,169 --> 00:10:28,169 And this wise, consummate man 181 00:10:28,169 --> 00:10:30,169 Had never forgotten the day of Siffin, 182 00:10:30,169 --> 00:10:32,169 Nor had the long years 183 00:10:32,169 --> 00:10:34,169 Erased from his ears that 184 00:10:34,169 --> 00:10:37,169 Husky, piercing, and sorrowful voice 185 00:10:37,169 --> 00:10:40,169 As it cried out from behind him: 186 00:10:40,169 --> 00:10:42,169 "O gathering of Muslims! 187 00:10:42,169 --> 00:10:45,169 Fear Allah, fear Allah, O gathering of Muslims! 188 00:10:45,169 --> 00:10:48,169 Who will be left for the women and children? 189 00:10:48,169 --> 00:10:50,169 Who will be left for religion and honors? 190 00:10:50,169 --> 00:10:52,169 Who will be left to face the Byzantines and the Daylamites?" 191 00:10:52,169 --> 00:10:53,169 Yes, 192 00:10:53,169 --> 00:10:57,259 He had never forgotten any of that at all. 193 00:10:57,259 --> 00:11:00,259 So he said to Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr: 194 00:11:00,259 --> 00:11:02,259 "You know with absolute certainty 195 00:11:02,259 --> 00:11:06,259 That I have no ambition nor pursuit in this matter, 196 00:11:06,259 --> 00:11:09,259 But am merely an ordinary man among the Muslims. 197 00:11:09,259 --> 00:11:11,259 If their consensus unites behind you, 198 00:11:11,259 --> 00:11:13,259 Or behind Abd al-Malik, 199 00:11:13,259 --> 00:11:16,259 He pledged allegiance to the one upon whom the people had reached a consensus. 200 00:11:16,259 --> 00:11:17,259 But now, 201 00:11:17,259 --> 00:11:20,259 I will neither pledge allegiance to you nor to him. 202 00:11:20,259 --> 00:11:23,259 So, ‘Abdullah [ibn al-Zubayr] began to treat him with a mixture of familiarity, 203 00:11:23,259 --> 00:11:25,259 and at times, gentleness, 204 00:11:25,259 --> 00:11:28,259 while at other times, he would turn away from him and treat him coldly. 205 00:11:28,259 --> 00:11:31,330 However, Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, 206 00:11:31,330 --> 00:11:34,330 soon found many men rallying to his side. 207 00:11:34,330 --> 00:11:36,330 They shared his perspective, 208 00:11:36,330 --> 00:11:38,330 and entrusted their leadership to him, 209 00:11:38,330 --> 00:11:41,330 until they numbered seven thousand men, 210 00:11:41,330 --> 00:11:43,330 all of whom had chosen to withdraw from the strife (fitnah). 211 00:11:43,330 --> 00:11:46,330 They refused to allow themselves 212 00:11:46,330 --> 00:11:49,330 to become fuel for its raging fire. 213 00:11:49,330 --> 00:11:53,330 As the number of followers of Ibn al-Hanafiyyah grew, 214 00:11:53,330 --> 00:11:56,330 so too did the resentment of Ibn al-Zubayr toward him, 215 00:11:56,330 --> 00:11:59,419 and he pressed him insistently to pledge allegiance. 216 00:11:59,419 --> 00:12:01,419 When he despaired of that, 217 00:12:01,419 --> 00:12:05,419 he ordered him, along with those who were with him from the Banu Hashim and others, 218 00:12:05,419 --> 00:12:08,419 to remain confined to their mountain pass in Makkah. 219 00:12:08,419 --> 00:12:10,419 He placed guards over them, 220 00:12:10,419 --> 00:12:12,419 and then said to them: 221 00:12:12,419 --> 00:12:16,419 "By Allah, you shall pledge allegiance, or I will burn you with fire!" 222 00:12:16,419 --> 00:12:19,419 He then imprisoned them in their homes, 223 00:12:19,419 --> 00:12:21,419 and gathered firewood for them, 224 00:12:21,419 --> 00:12:25,419 piling it around their dwellings until it reached the tops of the walls, 225 00:12:25,419 --> 00:12:29,419 to the point that had he ignited a single branch, 226 00:12:29,419 --> 00:12:31,519 he would have burned them all. 227 00:12:31,519 --> 00:12:35,519 At that moment, a group of his followers stood up to him, 228 00:12:35,519 --> 00:12:38,519 and said, "Let us kill Ibn al-Zubayr, 229 00:12:38,519 --> 00:12:40,549 and relieve the people of him." 230 00:12:40,549 --> 00:12:46,549 He replied, "Shall we kindle with our own hands the fire of strife for which we withdrew? 231 00:12:46,549 --> 00:12:51,549 And shall we kill a man from among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 232 00:12:51,549 --> 00:12:53,549 and the sons of his Companions? 233 00:12:53,549 --> 00:13:00,309 No, by Allah, we will not do anything that angers Allah and His Messenger." 234 00:13:00,309 --> 00:13:03,309 When news reached ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan 235 00:13:03,309 --> 00:13:06,309 of the hardship Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah was enduring, 236 00:13:06,309 --> 00:13:09,309 and the severity he and his companions faced from ‘Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, 237 00:13:10,309 --> 00:13:15,309 he sent a letter to him via a messenger of his own. 238 00:13:15,309 --> 00:13:18,309 Had he written it to one of his own sons, 239 00:13:18,309 --> 00:13:22,309 it could not have been more tender in tone or more gracious in address. 240 00:13:22,309 --> 00:13:24,309 Among the things it contained was: 241 00:13:24,309 --> 00:13:30,309 "It has reached me that Ibn al-Zubayr has tightened the noose around you and those with you, 242 00:13:30,309 --> 00:13:33,309 severed your kinship, and belittled your rights. 243 00:13:33,309 --> 00:13:37,309 These lands of the Levant are open before you; 244 00:13:37,309 --> 00:13:41,309 they welcome you and those with you with open arms. 245 00:13:41,309 --> 00:13:44,309 Settle wherever you wish within them, 246 00:13:44,309 --> 00:13:46,309 and you shall find family among family, 247 00:13:46,309 --> 00:13:48,309 and loved ones among neighbors. 248 00:13:48,309 --> 00:13:51,309 You will find us mindful of your rights, 249 00:13:51,309 --> 00:13:53,309 appreciative of your merit, 250 00:13:53,309 --> 00:13:56,309 and upholding the ties of kinship, if Allah wills." 251 00:13:56,309 --> 00:14:02,299 Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah and those with him set out, 252 00:14:02,299 --> 00:14:05,299 turning their faces toward the lands of the Levant. 253 00:14:06,299 --> 00:14:10,299 When they reached the place where they were to settle, 254 00:14:10,299 --> 00:14:13,299 its people received them with the most honorable hospitality, 255 00:14:13,299 --> 00:14:15,299 and lived alongside them as the best of neighbors. 256 00:14:15,299 --> 00:14:19,299 They loved Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah and held him in high esteem, 257 00:14:19,299 --> 00:14:23,299 having witnessed the depth of his devotion and the sincerity of his asceticism. 258 00:14:23,299 --> 00:14:27,299 He began to enjoin good upon them and forbid them from evil, 259 00:14:27,299 --> 00:14:29,299 established the religious rites among them, 260 00:14:29,299 --> 00:14:32,299 reconciled their differences, 261 00:14:32,299 --> 00:14:36,460 and would not allow anyone to oppress another. 262 00:14:36,460 --> 00:14:39,460 When this reached ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, 263 00:14:39,460 --> 00:14:41,460 the matter weighed heavily upon him, 264 00:14:41,460 --> 00:14:43,460 and he consulted his inner circle. 265 00:14:43,460 --> 00:14:45,460 They said to him: 266 00:14:45,460 --> 00:14:49,460 "We do not think you should allow him to reside in your kingdom, 267 00:14:49,460 --> 00:14:51,460 given his conduct as you know it. 268 00:14:51,460 --> 00:14:53,460 Either he pledges allegiance to you, 269 00:14:53,460 --> 00:14:56,460 or he must return from whence he came." 270 00:14:56,460 --> 00:14:59,580 So ‘Abd al-Malik wrote to him, saying: 271 00:15:00,580 --> 00:15:04,580 "You came to my lands and settled in a corner of them, 272 00:15:04,580 --> 00:15:09,580 and this war is ongoing between me and ‘Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr. 273 00:15:09,580 --> 00:15:13,580 You are a man of status and standing among the Muslims, 274 00:15:13,580 --> 00:15:18,580 and I have decided that you should not remain in my territory unless you pledge allegiance to me. 275 00:15:18,580 --> 00:15:20,580 If you pledge allegiance to me, 276 00:15:20,580 --> 00:15:24,580 then you shall have from me one hundred ships that arrived to me yesterday 277 00:15:24,580 --> 00:15:26,580 from al-Qulzum, 278 00:15:26,580 --> 00:15:28,580 take them with all that is in them and all who are on them. 279 00:15:28,580 --> 00:15:31,580 And you shall have with them one million dirhams, 280 00:15:31,580 --> 00:15:35,580 along with whatever stipend you designate for yourself and your children, 281 00:15:35,580 --> 00:15:39,580 and for your relatives, your clients, and those with you. 282 00:15:39,580 --> 00:15:41,580 But if you refuse, 283 00:15:41,580 --> 00:15:45,580 then move away from me to a place over which I have no authority." 284 00:15:45,580 --> 00:15:49,809 Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah wrote back to him, saying: 285 00:15:49,809 --> 00:15:53,809 "From Muhammad ibn ‘Ali to ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, 286 00:15:53,809 --> 00:15:55,809 peace be upon you. 287 00:15:56,870 --> 00:16:00,870 I praise Allah, other than Whom there is no god, to you. 288 00:16:00,870 --> 00:16:02,870 To proceed: 289 00:16:02,870 --> 00:16:05,870 Perhaps you fear me, 290 00:16:05,870 --> 00:16:10,870 though I thought you were aware of the reality of my position regarding this matter. 291 00:16:10,870 --> 00:16:14,870 By Allah, even if this entire Ummah were to gather against me, 292 00:16:14,870 --> 00:16:18,870 save for the people of a single village, I would not accept it, 293 00:16:18,870 --> 00:16:20,870 nor would I fight them for it. 294 00:16:20,870 --> 00:16:22,940 I had settled in Makkah, 295 00:16:22,940 --> 00:16:26,940 and ‘Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr wanted me to pledge allegiance to him. 296 00:16:26,940 --> 00:16:29,940 When I refused, he made my stay difficult. 297 00:16:29,940 --> 00:16:34,940 Then you wrote to me, inviting me to reside in the Levant, 298 00:16:34,940 --> 00:16:37,940 so I settled in a town on the outskirts of your land, 299 00:16:37,940 --> 00:16:41,940 because of its low prices and its distance from the center of your authority. 300 00:16:41,940 --> 00:16:44,970 Now you have written to me what you have written, 301 00:16:44,970 --> 00:16:48,970 and we are departing from you, if Allah wills." 302 00:16:48,970 --> 00:16:55,289 Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah departed with his men and his family from the Levant, 303 00:16:55,289 --> 00:16:59,289 and whenever he settled in a place, he would be disturbed, 304 00:16:59,289 --> 00:17:01,289 and called upon to leave it. 305 00:17:01,289 --> 00:17:06,859 As if his own troubles were not enough, 306 00:17:06,859 --> 00:17:10,859 Allah willed to test him with other burdens, 307 00:17:10,859 --> 00:17:13,859 more severe in impact and heavier to bear. 308 00:17:13,859 --> 00:17:18,859 This was because a group of his followers, those in whose hearts was a disease, 309 00:17:18,859 --> 00:17:21,859 and others who were simple-minded, 310 00:17:21,859 --> 00:17:23,859 began to say: 311 00:17:23,859 --> 00:17:26,859 "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 312 00:17:26,859 --> 00:17:31,859 entrusted the heart of ‘Ali and his family with many secrets of knowledge, 313 00:17:31,859 --> 00:17:34,859 the foundations of the religion, and the treasures of the Shari'ah, 314 00:17:34,859 --> 00:17:38,859 and that he singled out the Household with what he did not disclose to others." 315 00:17:38,859 --> 00:17:42,859 The man of knowledge, action, and wisdom realized 316 00:17:42,859 --> 00:17:46,859 the deviation this talk carried within it, 317 00:17:46,859 --> 00:17:52,859 and the dangers and harm it could bring upon Islam and the Muslims. 318 00:17:52,859 --> 00:17:55,859 So he gathered the people and stood among them to deliver a sermon. 319 00:17:55,859 --> 00:17:59,859 He praised Allah, the Majestic and Exalted, and extolled Him, 320 00:17:59,859 --> 00:18:04,859 and invoked blessings upon His Prophet Muhammad, may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him. 321 00:18:04,859 --> 00:18:06,859 Then he said: 322 00:18:06,859 --> 00:18:10,859 "Some people claim that we, the Household, possess knowledge 323 00:18:10,859 --> 00:18:14,859 that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, confided in us, 324 00:18:14,859 --> 00:18:17,859 and did not disclose to anyone else. 325 00:18:17,859 --> 00:18:22,859 By Allah, we have not inherited from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 326 00:18:22,859 --> 00:18:25,859 anything except what is between these two covers," 327 00:18:25,859 --> 00:18:27,859 and he pointed to the Mushaf (Qur'an). 328 00:18:27,859 --> 00:18:32,859 "And whoever claims that we have anything to read other than the Book of Allah, 329 00:18:32,859 --> 00:18:36,299 has lied." 330 00:18:36,299 --> 00:18:40,299 Some of his followers would greet him by saying: 331 00:18:40,299 --> 00:18:43,299 "Peace be upon you, O Mahdi!" 332 00:18:43,299 --> 00:18:45,299 He would reply: 333 00:18:45,299 --> 00:18:48,299 "Yes, I am a guide (mahdi) to goodness, 334 00:18:48,299 --> 00:18:51,299 and you are guided to it, if Allah wills. 335 00:18:51,299 --> 00:18:54,299 But when one of you greets me, 336 00:18:54,299 --> 00:18:56,299 let him call me by my name, 337 00:18:56,299 --> 00:19:01,700 and let him say: 'Peace be upon you, O Muhammad.'" 338 00:19:01,700 --> 00:19:08,700 The uncertainty of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah regarding where he and his companions should settle did not last long, 339 00:19:08,700 --> 00:19:12,700 for Allah willed that al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi should finish off 340 00:19:12,700 --> 00:19:14,700 ‘Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, 341 00:19:14,700 --> 00:19:19,700 and that all the people should pledge allegiance to ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. 342 00:19:19,700 --> 00:19:23,700 He had no choice but to write to ‘Abd al-Malik, saying: 343 00:19:23,700 --> 00:19:28,700 "To ‘Abdullah ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Commander of the Faithful, 344 00:19:28,700 --> 00:19:31,740 from Muhammad ibn ‘Ali. 345 00:19:31,740 --> 00:19:32,740 To proceed: 346 00:19:32,740 --> 00:19:36,740 When I saw that this matter had devolved to you, 347 00:19:36,740 --> 00:19:38,740 and the people had pledged allegiance to you, 348 00:19:38,740 --> 00:19:40,740 I became one of them. 349 00:19:40,740 --> 00:19:43,740 I have pledged my allegiance to your governor in the Hijaz, 350 00:19:43,740 --> 00:19:47,740 and I have sent this pledge of mine to you in writing. 351 00:19:47,740 --> 00:19:49,799 Peace be upon you." 352 00:19:49,799 --> 00:19:53,799 When ‘Abd al-Malik read the letter to his companions, 353 00:19:53,799 --> 00:19:54,799 they said: 354 00:19:54,799 --> 00:19:59,799 "If he had wanted to break the staff of obedience and cause a rift in the affair, 355 00:19:59,799 --> 00:20:01,799 he would have been capable of it, 356 00:20:01,799 --> 00:20:04,799 and you would have had no way to stop him. 357 00:20:04,799 --> 00:20:07,799 So write to him with a covenant, a pledge, and a guarantee of safety, 358 00:20:07,799 --> 00:20:12,799 and the protection of Allah and His Messenger, peace be upon him, 359 00:20:12,799 --> 00:20:16,799 that he or any of his companions will not be disturbed or harassed." 360 00:20:16,799 --> 00:20:18,799 So he wrote to him accordingly, 361 00:20:18,799 --> 00:20:22,799 and wrote to al-Hajjaj ordering him to honor him, 362 00:20:22,799 --> 00:20:26,799 to respect his sanctity, and to go to great lengths in showing him hospitality. 363 00:20:26,799 --> 00:20:31,799 However, Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah did not live long after that, 364 00:20:31,799 --> 00:20:36,799 for Allah chose him to be in His presence, well-pleased and pleasing. 365 00:20:36,799 --> 00:20:42,210 May Allah illuminate the grave of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, 366 00:20:42,210 --> 00:20:45,210 and may Allah look upon his soul in Paradise. 367 00:20:45,210 --> 00:20:49,210 For he was among those who did not desire corruption on earth, 368 00:20:49,210 --> 00:20:52,210 nor arrogance among the people. 369 00:20:52,210 --> 00:21:02,069 I do not know of anyone who learned from ‘Ali and benefited from him 370 00:21:02,069 --> 00:21:06,359 more than Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah. 371 00:21:06,359 --> 00:21:08,779 Ibn al-Junayd: 372 00:21:39,500 --> 00:21:44,500 They filled life with pride through their deeds, 373 00:21:44,500 --> 00:21:48,569 and the world of the ego flourished because of them.