WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.109 --> 00:00:16.230 Surah al-Ma'idah. 00:00:17.820 --> 00:00:21.859 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.190 --> 00:00:28.589 “O Messenger! Make known that which hath been revealed unto thee from thy Lord, for if thou do it not, thou wilt not have conveyed His message. Allah will protect thee from mankind. Lo! Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (5:67) 00:00:28.829 --> 00:00:33.829 “O Messenger! Make known that which hath been revealed unto thee from thy Lord, for if thou do it not, thou wilt not have conveyed His message. Allah will protect thee from mankind. Lo! Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (5:67) 00:00:34.109 --> 00:00:39.829 “O Messenger! Make known that which hath been revealed unto thee from thy Lord, for if thou do it not, thou wilt not have conveyed His message. Allah will protect thee from mankind. Lo! Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (5:67) 00:00:40.189 --> 00:00:46.030 "Indeed, Allah does not guide the disbelieving people." 00:00:47.210 --> 00:00:53.409 This is a command from Allah—exalted be His mention—to His Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) 00:00:53.850 --> 00:00:58.609 to convey to these Jews and Christians what was revealed to him regarding them, 00:00:58.810 --> 00:01:02.810 concerning their faults, disparagement of them, and highlighting their shortcomings, 00:01:03.009 --> 00:01:05.810 as well as what He commanded them with and prohibited them from. 00:01:06.209 --> 00:01:14.409 Allah—exalted be His mention—informed him that if he should fall short of conveying any part of what was revealed to him to them, no matter how small, 00:01:14.810 --> 00:01:20.810 then in the gravity of what he committed by that, he would be in the position of one who conveyed nothing at all. 00:01:21.209 --> 00:01:24.810 "And Allah will protect you from the people." 00:01:25.209 --> 00:01:29.409 Indeed, Allah does not grant success toward right guidance to whoever swerves from the path of truth 00:01:29.409 --> 00:01:33.209 and denies what you have brought him from Allah, 00:01:59.730 --> 00:02:02.530 and from your Lord, out of transgression, 00:02:02.930 --> 00:02:06.329 out of transgression and disbelief. 00:02:06.730 --> 00:02:11.129 "So do not grieve over the disbelieving people." 00:02:12.759 --> 00:02:15.759 Say, O Muhammad, to the community of Jews and Christians: 00:02:16.360 --> 00:02:21.960 O people of the Torah and the Gospel! You stand upon nothing of what you claim to follow, 00:02:22.560 --> 00:02:27.560 of what Moses (peace be upon him) brought you, O community of Jews, 00:02:28.159 --> 00:02:32.159 nor of what Jesus brought you, O community of Christians, 00:02:32.560 --> 00:02:35.159 "until you uphold the Torah and the Gospel 00:02:35.360 --> 00:02:42.159 and what has been revealed to you from your Lord"—that is, what Muhammad (peace be upon him) brought you— 00:02:42.560 --> 00:02:44.560 by acting upon all of that, 00:02:44.960 --> 00:02:47.360 without making distinction between the messengers of Allah, 00:02:47.759 --> 00:02:50.560 believing in some and disbelieving in others. 00:02:50.960 --> 00:02:54.960 And it will surely increase many of these Jews and Christians— 00:02:54.960 --> 00:02:58.159 this Book that I have revealed to you, O Muhammad— 00:02:58.560 --> 00:03:01.360 in transgression and extreme denial of you, 00:03:01.759 --> 00:03:05.360 beyond what they were upon prior to the revelation of the Criterion (the Qur'an); 00:03:05.759 --> 00:03:08.759 and it will surely increase them in denial of your prophethood. 00:03:09.159 --> 00:03:15.560 So do not grieve, O Muhammad, over the denial of these disbelievers among the Jews and Christians. 00:03:21.490 --> 00:03:25.090 "And the Sabians and the Christians..." 00:03:25.490 --> 00:03:28.689 "And the Sabians and the Christians..." 00:03:28.689 --> 00:03:34.490 "...whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day and works righteousness..." 00:03:34.889 --> 00:03:42.490 “Lo! those who believe, and those who are Jews, and Sabaeans, and Christians - Whosoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right - there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (5:69) 00:03:43.789 --> 00:03:46.389 Indeed, those who believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:03:46.789 --> 00:03:49.590 and those who were Jews, Sabians, and Christians— 00:03:49.990 --> 00:03:54.389 whoever among them believed in Allah and affirmed resurrection after death, 00:03:54.789 --> 00:03:57.590 and performed righteous deeds for his ultimate return to Allah, 00:03:57.990 --> 00:04:02.990 "there shall be no fear upon them" regarding the terrors of the Day of Resurrection that they are heading toward, 00:04:03.590 --> 00:04:08.389 "nor shall they grieve" over what they left behind of the worldly life and its living, 00:04:08.789 --> 00:04:13.789 after beholding the abundant reward with which Allah has honored them. 00:04:20.139 --> 00:04:23.339 "And We sent to them messengers..." 00:04:23.939 --> 00:04:31.740 “We made a covenant of old with the Children of Israel and We sent unto them messengers. As often as a messenger came unto them with that which their souls desired not (they became rebellious). Some (of them) they denied and some they slew.” (5:70) 00:04:32.339 --> 00:04:41.939 “We made a covenant of old with the Children of Israel and We sent unto them messengers. As often as a messenger came unto them with that which their souls desired not (they became rebellious). Some (of them) they denied and some they slew.” (5:70) 00:04:43.790 --> 00:04:44.389 I swear, 00:04:44.990 --> 00:04:49.790 "We certainly took a covenant from the Children of Israel" to observe sincere devotion in worshipping Us alone, 00:04:50.189 --> 00:04:52.389 to act in accordance with what We commanded them, 00:04:52.790 --> 00:04:55.389 and to abstain from what We forbade them, 00:04:55.790 --> 00:04:58.589 "and We sent to them messengers" to convey that. 00:04:59.189 --> 00:05:05.389 Whenever there came to them a messenger from Us with what their souls did not desire and what did not accord with their inclinations, 00:05:05.790 --> 00:05:09.990 a group of messengers they denied, and another group they killed, 00:05:10.389 --> 00:05:13.790 in breach of Our covenant that We took upon them. 00:05:14.970 --> 00:05:37.370 "And they thought there would be no trial, so they became blind and deaf; then Allah turned to them in forgiveness, then many of them became blind and deaf." 00:05:37.769 --> 00:05:42.970 "And Allah is All-Seeing of what they do." 00:05:44.339 --> 00:05:46.939 And these Israelites assumed 00:05:47.339 --> 00:05:54.740 that there would be no trial or testing from Allah with severe punishments for what they used to do. 00:05:55.139 --> 00:05:56.540 So they turned blind to the truth 00:05:56.939 --> 00:06:03.540 and to fulfilling the covenant I took upon them to worship Me sincerely and act in obedience to Me; 00:06:04.139 --> 00:06:06.740 and they became deaf after My accepting their repentance. 00:06:07.339 --> 00:06:11.740 And Allah is All-Seeing, perceiving their deeds, both good and evil, 00:06:12.139 --> 00:06:15.540 and He will requite them for all of them on the Day of Resurrection. 00:06:16.329 --> 00:06:23.529 "They have certainly disbelieved who say, 'Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary.'" 00:06:23.930 --> 00:06:32.129 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. The Messiah (himself) said: O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Lo! whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, for him Allah hath forbidden paradise. His abode is the Fire. For evil-doers there will be no helpers.” (5:72) 00:06:32.529 --> 00:06:40.930 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. The Messiah (himself) said: O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Lo! whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, for him Allah hath forbidden paradise. His abode is the Fire. For evil-doers there will be no helpers.” (5:72) 00:06:41.329 --> 00:06:48.730 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. The Messiah (himself) said: O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Lo! whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, for him Allah hath forbidden paradise. His abode is the Fire. For evil-doers there will be no helpers.” (5:72) 00:06:49.129 --> 00:06:54.730 "And for the wrongdoers there will be no helpers." 00:06:56.129 --> 00:06:59.129 Among those with whom I tried and tested them— 00:06:59.529 --> 00:07:03.930 and regarding whom they broke My covenant—was My servant Jesus, son of Mary. 00:07:04.529 --> 00:07:05.930 For I created him 00:07:06.329 --> 00:07:11.329 and performed at his hands the likes of what I performed at the hands of many of My messengers; 00:07:11.930 --> 00:07:14.930 yet they said out of disbelief: He is Allah! 00:07:15.589 --> 00:07:18.790 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. The Messiah (himself) said: O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Lo! whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, for him Allah hath forbidden paradise. His abode is the Fire. For evil-doers there will be no helpers.” (5:72) 00:07:19.189 --> 00:07:24.389 Direct worship and humility to Allah, to Whom everything is humbled, 00:07:24.790 --> 00:07:26.790 my Lord and your Lord. 00:07:27.389 --> 00:07:33.589 "Indeed, whoever associates partners with Allah, Allah has forbidden Paradise to him" to dwell therein in the Hereafter, 00:07:34.189 --> 00:07:40.389 "and his refuge" and abode to which he will resort and return to in his ultimate end "is the Hellfire. 00:07:40.990 --> 00:07:45.589 And there is not for whoever commits what Allah has not permitted him and worships other than Allah 00:07:45.990 --> 00:07:49.790 any helpers" to assist him on the Day of Resurrection against Allah, 00:07:50.189 --> 00:07:53.790 or rescue him from Him when He admits him to Hell. 00:07:54.939 --> 00:08:01.339 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of three; when there is no Allah save the One Allah. If they desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve.” (5:73) 00:08:01.939 --> 00:08:07.139 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of three; when there is no Allah save the One Allah. If they desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve.” (5:73) 00:08:07.540 --> 00:08:16.339 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of three; when there is no Allah save the One Allah. If they desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve.” (5:73) 00:08:16.740 --> 00:08:24.339 “They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of three; when there is no Allah save the One Allah. If they desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve.” (5:73) 00:08:25.670 --> 00:08:29.670 They have certainly disbelieved who uttered disbelief against their Lord and committed polytheism, 00:08:30.069 --> 00:08:32.070 saying that Allah is the third of three. 00:08:32.700 --> 00:08:35.100 They used to say, according to what has reached us: 00:08:35.700 --> 00:08:38.299 The ancient Deity is one substance, 00:08:38.899 --> 00:08:40.899 comprehending three hypostases (persons): 00:08:41.500 --> 00:08:43.700 a Father who is a generator and unbegotten, 00:08:44.299 --> 00:08:46.700 a Son who is begotten and not a generator, 00:08:47.100 --> 00:08:49.899 and a Spouse linking between the two. 00:08:50.860 --> 00:08:54.659 You have no deity worthy of worship, O people, except One Deity. 00:08:55.460 --> 00:08:59.460 And if the one making this claim does not desist from what they say, 00:09:00.059 --> 00:09:04.860 a painful punishment will surely touch those who disbelieved among them due to their disbelief in Allah. 00:09:06.039 --> 00:09:11.039 “Will they not rather turn unto Allah and seek forgiveness of Him? For Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (5:74) 00:09:11.639 --> 00:09:15.440 "And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful." 00:09:16.879 --> 00:09:20.080 Will not these two disbelieving factions turn back— 00:09:20.480 --> 00:09:22.080 the one claiming 00:09:22.679 --> 00:09:25.080 that Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary, 00:09:25.879 --> 00:09:29.279 and the other claiming that Allah is the third of three— 00:09:29.879 --> 00:09:33.679 from what they said of that, and repent to Allah for what they uttered? 00:09:34.480 --> 00:09:37.879 For Allah is All-Forgiving of the sins of those who repent among His creation, 00:09:38.480 --> 00:09:41.279 Merciful to them in accepting their repentance. 00:10:04.289 --> 00:10:07.490 "The Messiah was no more than a messenger of Allah," 00:10:08.090 --> 00:10:11.090 like the rest of His messengers who preceded him; 00:10:11.690 --> 00:10:17.360 Allah performed at his hands whatever He willed to perform of signs and lessons. 00:10:17.960 --> 00:10:19.960 "And his mother was a truthful woman." 00:10:20.559 --> 00:10:23.559 Both of them were in need of what would nourish them 00:10:23.559 --> 00:10:27.559 and sustain their bodies, as part of the signs and lessons. 00:10:27.960 --> 00:10:30.360 "And his mother was a truthful woman." 00:10:30.960 --> 00:10:33.960 Both of them were in need of what would nourish them, 00:10:33.960 --> 00:10:36.960 sustaining their bodies with food and drink, 00:10:37.360 --> 00:10:39.960 just like all other human beings from the Children of Adam. 00:10:40.559 --> 00:10:46.159 See, O Muhammad, how We make clear to these disbelievers among the Jews and Christians 00:10:46.559 --> 00:10:51.559 the proofs and arguments demonstrating the falsehood of what they say regarding the prophets of Allah, 00:10:51.960 --> 00:10:53.960 and regarding their slander against Allah; 00:10:54.360 --> 00:10:59.360 then see how they are turned away from Our clear explanation that We clarify for them, 00:10:59.559 --> 00:11:04.559 and how they stray from the truth and guidance to which We guide them! 00:11:20.809 --> 00:11:23.809 Say, O Muhammad, to these disbelievers: 00:11:23.809 --> 00:11:25.809 Do you worship besides Allah 00:11:25.809 --> 00:11:28.809 that which possesses no power to harm or benefit you, 00:11:29.009 --> 00:11:32.009 while He is the One Who created you and provided for you? 00:11:32.009 --> 00:11:36.009 And Allah is the All-Hearing of their seeking forgiveness, should they seek His forgiveness; 00:11:36.009 --> 00:11:39.009 the All-Knowing of their repentance, should they repent from it, 00:11:39.009 --> 00:11:42.009 and of all other affairs of theirs. 00:11:42.009 --> 00:11:52.169 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Stress not in your religion other than the truth, and follow not the vain desires of folk who erred of old and led many astray, and erred from a plain road.” (5:77) 00:11:52.370 --> 00:12:00.370 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Stress not in your religion other than the truth, and follow not the vain desires of folk who erred of old and led many astray, and erred from a plain road.” (5:77) 00:12:00.370 --> 00:12:10.370 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Stress not in your religion other than the truth, and follow not the vain desires of folk who erred of old and led many astray, and erred from a plain road.” (5:77) 00:12:11.879 --> 00:12:15.879 Say, O Muhammad, to these extremists among the Christians: 00:12:15.879 --> 00:12:17.879 O people of the Gospel! 00:12:17.879 --> 00:12:20.879 Do not exceed the bounds in your speech concerning what you profess as religion 00:12:21.080 --> 00:12:23.080 regarding the matter of the Messiah, 00:12:23.080 --> 00:12:26.080 thereby transgressing from the truth into falsehood; 00:12:26.080 --> 00:12:30.080 nor follow, regarding the Messiah, the desires of the Jews 00:12:30.080 --> 00:12:33.080 who went astray before you from the path of right guidance 00:12:33.080 --> 00:12:35.080 in what they said concerning him. 00:12:35.080 --> 00:12:39.080 And these Jews led many people astray, 00:12:39.080 --> 00:12:41.080 turning them away from the path of truth, 00:12:41.080 --> 00:12:44.080 inducing them into disbelief in Allah 00:12:44.080 --> 00:12:46.080 and denial of the Messiah; 00:12:46.080 --> 00:12:49.080 and these Jews strayed from the right path, 00:12:49.279 --> 00:12:52.279 taking a course other than the highway of truth. 00:12:52.279 --> 00:12:59.269 “Those of the Children of Israel who went astray were cursed by the tongue of David, and of Jesus, son of Mary. That was because they rebelled and used to transgress.” (5:78) 00:12:59.269 --> 00:13:03.269 "...by the tongue of David and Jesus, son of Mary." 00:13:03.269 --> 00:13:09.269 "That was because they disobeyed and used to transgress." 00:13:09.269 --> 00:13:13.009 Say to these Christians: 00:13:13.009 --> 00:13:17.009 Allah had already cursed them by the tongue of His prophets and messengers, 00:13:17.009 --> 00:13:20.009 David and Jesus, son of Mary; 00:13:20.210 --> 00:13:24.210 that was because they disobeyed Allah, opposing His command, 00:13:24.210 --> 00:13:27.690 and used to exceed His limits. 00:13:27.690 --> 00:13:34.690 “They restrained not one another from the wickedness they did. Verily evil was that they used to do!” (5:79) 00:13:34.690 --> 00:13:38.690 “They restrained not one another from the wickedness they did. Verily evil was that they used to do!” (5:79) 00:13:38.690 --> 00:13:44.690 “Thou seest many of them making friends with those who disbelieve. Surely ill for them is that which they themselves send on before them: that Allah will be wroth with them and in the doom they will abide.” (5:80) 00:13:44.889 --> 00:13:48.889 “Thou seest many of them making friends with those who disbelieve. Surely ill for them is that which they themselves send on before them: that Allah will be wroth with them and in the doom they will abide.” (5:80) 00:13:48.889 --> 00:13:52.889 “Thou seest many of them making friends with those who disbelieve. Surely ill for them is that which they themselves send on before them: that Allah will be wroth with them and in the doom they will abide.” (5:80) 00:13:52.889 --> 00:13:56.889 “Thou seest many of them making friends with those who disbelieve. Surely ill for them is that which they themselves send on before them: that Allah will be wroth with them and in the doom they will abide.” (5:80) 00:13:56.889 --> 00:14:01.620 “Thou seest many of them making friends with those who disbelieve. Surely ill for them is that which they themselves send on before them: that Allah will be wroth with them and in the doom they will abide.” (5:80) 00:14:01.620 --> 00:14:05.620 These Jews whom Allah cursed 00:14:05.620 --> 00:14:09.620 used not to forbid one another from the wrong deeds they committed. 00:14:09.620 --> 00:14:11.620 I swear, 00:14:11.620 --> 00:14:14.690 how wretched was that which they used to do! 00:14:14.889 --> 00:14:17.889 You see, O Muhammad, many of the Children of Israel 00:14:17.889 --> 00:14:21.889 allying themselves with the polytheists who worship idols, 00:14:21.889 --> 00:14:24.919 while showing hostility toward the allies of Allah and His messengers. 00:14:24.919 --> 00:14:26.919 I swear, 00:14:26.919 --> 00:14:32.919 evil indeed is that which their souls sent forth ahead of them to their ultimate return in the Hereafter! 00:14:32.919 --> 00:14:37.919 Their souls sent forth ahead of them that which earned Allah's wrath upon them for what they did, 00:14:37.919 --> 00:14:43.919 and in the punishment of Allah on the Day of Resurrection they will abide eternally. 00:14:44.309 --> 00:14:49.309 “If they believed in Allah and the Prophet and that which is revealed unto him, they would not choose them for their friends. But many of them are of evil conduct.” (5:81) 00:14:49.309 --> 00:14:52.309 "...and what was revealed to him..." 00:14:52.309 --> 00:14:55.309 "...and what was revealed to him..." 00:14:55.309 --> 00:14:59.309 "...they would not have taken them as allies..." 00:14:59.309 --> 00:15:02.309 "...but many..." 00:15:02.309 --> 00:15:06.309 "...but many..." 00:15:06.309 --> 00:15:10.539 "...of them are defiantly disobedient." 00:15:10.539 --> 00:15:15.620 And if those who ally themselves— 00:15:15.820 --> 00:15:19.820 those among the Children of Israel who ally themselves with the disbelievers—truly believed in Allah 00:15:19.820 --> 00:15:23.820 and believed in His Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) 00:15:23.820 --> 00:15:27.820 as a messenger sent by Allah, 00:15:27.820 --> 00:15:31.820 and acknowledged what was revealed to Muhammad (peace be upon him) 00:15:31.820 --> 00:15:33.820 from Allah, 00:15:33.820 --> 00:15:36.820 they would not have taken them as companions and helpers 00:15:36.820 --> 00:15:38.820 to the exclusion of the believers; 00:15:38.820 --> 00:15:41.820 but many of them are people given to rebellion, 00:15:41.820 --> 00:15:46.259 departing from obedience to Allah into His disobedience. 00:15:46.259 --> 00:15:49.460 Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.