WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.050 --> 00:00:16.329 Surah Ibrahim. 00:00:18.600 --> 00:00:22.600 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.550 --> 00:00:28.949 “Hast thou not seen those who gave the grace of Allah in exchange for thanklessness and led their people down to the Abode of Loss,” (14:28) 00:00:28.949 --> 00:00:33.149 “Hast thou not seen those who gave the grace of Allah in exchange for thanklessness and led their people down to the Abode of Loss,” (14:28) 00:00:33.549 --> 00:00:37.350 They shall enter Hell. 00:00:37.710 --> 00:00:40.350 And what an evil place to settle. 00:00:41.820 --> 00:00:47.780 Have you not considered, O Muhammad, those who altered the favor of Allah that He bestowed upon them? 00:00:48.140 --> 00:00:49.899 They turned it into disbelief in Him. 00:00:50.500 --> 00:00:57.179 Their substitution of Allah’s favor with disbelief was regarding the Prophet of Allah, Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:00:57.899 --> 00:01:00.140 Allah had bestowed this favor upon the Quraysh. 00:01:00.500 --> 00:01:01.939 Yet they cast it away from themselves. 00:01:02.219 --> 00:01:04.340 Even though He sent a messenger to them from among them. 00:01:04.659 --> 00:01:05.739 But they disbelieved in him. 00:01:06.219 --> 00:01:09.700 Thus, they replaced the favor of Allah upon them with disbelief. 00:01:10.219 --> 00:01:14.140 They led their people, the polytheists of Quraysh, into the abode of destruction. 00:01:14.620 --> 00:01:16.260 They shall enter Hell. 00:01:16.579 --> 00:01:19.180 And what an evil resting place for those who enter it. 00:01:20.760 --> 00:01:27.200 “And they set up rivals to Allah that they may mislead (men) from His way. Say: Enjoy life (while ye may) for lo! your journey's end will be the Fire.” (14:30) 00:01:27.640 --> 00:01:34.959 I say: Enjoy yourselves, for your ultimate destination is the Fire. 00:01:36.480 --> 00:01:41.879 These people who replaced the favor of Allah with disbelief have associated partners with their Lord. 00:01:42.400 --> 00:01:44.719 In order to lead people astray from the path of Allah. 00:01:45.569 --> 00:01:48.930 Say, O Muhammad, to them, by way of threat and rebuke: 00:01:49.609 --> 00:01:51.810 Enjoy yourselves in the life of this world. 00:01:52.329 --> 00:01:54.890 For it will quickly pass away from you. 00:01:55.450 --> 00:01:57.849 And you shall soon arrive at the Fire. 00:01:58.450 --> 00:02:03.250 Then you will know the consequence of your enjoyment in this world through disobedience to Allah. 00:02:03.730 --> 00:02:05.450 And your disbelief in Him while in it. 00:02:06.959 --> 00:02:11.360 “Tell My bondmen who believe to establish worship and spend of that which We have given them, secretly and publicly, before a day cometh wherein there will be neither traffick nor befriending.” (14:31) 00:02:11.360 --> 00:02:16.000 And spend from what We have provided for them. 00:02:16.479 --> 00:02:21.000 And spend from what We have provided for them. 00:02:21.039 --> 00:02:24.360 Say, O Muhammad, to My servants who believe in you: 00:02:24.840 --> 00:02:27.840 Let them establish the five prayers within their prescribed limits. 00:02:28.400 --> 00:02:33.280 And let them spend from what We have provided for them out of Our bounty, both secretly and openly. 00:02:33.759 --> 00:02:36.360 Before there comes a Day. 00:02:36.879 --> 00:02:42.340 “Tell My bondmen who believe to establish worship and spend of that which We have given them, secretly and publicly, before a day cometh wherein there will be neither traffick nor befriending.” (14:31) 00:02:43.139 --> 00:02:46.460 Say, O Muhammad, to My servants who believe in you: 00:02:46.939 --> 00:02:50.020 Let them establish the five prayers within their prescribed limits. 00:02:51.020 --> 00:02:58.379 Before there comes a Day in which no ransom or compensation will be accepted from any soul upon whom the punishment of Allah has become due. 00:02:59.020 --> 00:03:01.539 And there will be no close friend. 00:03:01.979 --> 00:03:06.740 To intercede for the one who deserves punishment for his disobedience. 00:03:07.379 --> 00:03:09.699 Rather, there will only be justice and fairness. 00:03:11.610 --> 00:03:15.650 It is Allah who created the heavens and the earth. 00:03:15.650 --> 00:03:21.250 And sent down water from the sky. 00:03:21.250 --> 00:03:25.770 And brought forth with it fruits as provision for you. 00:03:26.210 --> 00:03:31.169 “Allah is He Who created the heavens and the earth, and causeth water to descend from the sky, thereby producing fruits as food for you, and maketh the ships to be of service unto you, that they may run upon the sea at His command, and hath made of service unto you the rivers;” (14:32) 00:03:31.169 --> 00:03:34.210 And He subjected the rivers for you. 00:03:34.729 --> 00:03:37.930 “And maketh the sun and the moon, constant in their courses, to be of service unto you, and hath made of service unto you the night and the day.” (14:33) 00:03:37.930 --> 00:03:41.849 And He subjected the sun and the moon, both constantly moving. 00:03:41.849 --> 00:03:48.000 And He subjected the night and the day for you. 00:03:48.000 --> 00:03:53.800 It is Allah who originated the heavens and the earth from nothing, O people. 00:03:53.800 --> 00:03:59.000 And He sent down rain for you from the sky, by which He revived the trees and the crops. 00:03:59.000 --> 00:04:02.229 So they produced fruits as provision for you to eat. 00:04:02.229 --> 00:04:08.550 And He subjected the ships for you to sail upon the sea by His command, so that you may ride them. 00:04:08.750 --> 00:04:10.949 And He subjected the rivers for you. 00:04:10.949 --> 00:04:13.509 Their water is a drink for you. 00:04:13.509 --> 00:04:16.310 “And maketh the sun and the moon, constant in their courses, to be of service unto you, and hath made of service unto you the night and the day.” (14:33) 00:04:16.310 --> 00:04:20.949 They alternate for you, O people, through the night and the day. 00:04:20.949 --> 00:04:24.189 For the benefit of your souls and your livelihood. 00:04:24.189 --> 00:04:27.589 Both constantly moving in their alternation for you. 00:04:27.589 --> 00:04:32.850 It has been said that this means they are both constantly moving in obedience to Allah. 00:04:32.850 --> 00:04:35.649 And He subjected the night and the day for you. 00:04:35.689 --> 00:04:41.569 They alternate for you for your benefit and the soundness of your affairs. 00:04:41.569 --> 00:04:44.360 And as a mercy from Him to you. 00:04:44.360 --> 00:04:49.040 So the One who deserves your worship and the sincerity of your obedience is He. 00:04:49.040 --> 00:04:51.160 The One who possesses these attributes. 00:04:51.160 --> 00:04:57.310 Not the one who has no power to cause harm or bring benefit to himself or to others. 00:04:57.310 --> 00:05:04.269 “And He giveth you of all ye ask of Him, and if ye would count the bounty of Allah ye cannot reckon it. Lo! man is verily a wrong-doer, an ingrate.” (14:34) 00:05:04.269 --> 00:05:10.709 “And if ye would count the favour of Allah ye cannot reckon it. Lo! Allah is indeed Forgiving, Merciful.” (16:18) 00:05:10.709 --> 00:05:19.879 “And He giveth you of all ye ask of Him, and if ye would count the bounty of Allah ye cannot reckon it. Lo! man is verily a wrong-doer, an ingrate.” (14:34) 00:05:19.879 --> 00:05:24.439 And He gave you from all that you asked of Him and desired. 00:05:24.439 --> 00:05:29.480 And if you were to count, O people, the favor of Allah that He has bestowed upon you. 00:05:29.480 --> 00:05:33.720 You would not be able to enumerate its number or fulfill the gratitude due for it. 00:05:33.720 --> 00:05:36.540 Except with the help of Allah for you. 00:05:36.540 --> 00:05:40.339 Indeed, the human being who replaced the favor of Allah with disbelief. 00:05:40.339 --> 00:05:43.579 Is ungrateful to the One who bestowed favor upon him. 00:05:43.579 --> 00:05:48.339 By this action, he has placed gratitude in the wrong place. 00:05:48.339 --> 00:05:53.220 And he is also denying the favor of Allah which He bestowed upon him. 00:05:53.220 --> 00:05:57.629 By directing worship to other than Allah. 00:05:57.629 --> 00:06:00.350 And when Ibrahim, peace be upon him, said: "My Lord..." 00:06:00.350 --> 00:06:09.029 “And when Abraham said: My Lord! Make safe this territory, and preserve me and my sons from serving idols.” (14:35) 00:06:09.029 --> 00:06:19.069 "My Lord, indeed they have led many people astray." 00:06:19.069 --> 00:06:25.829 “My Lord! Lo! they have led many of mankind astray. But whoso followeth me, he verily is of me. And whoso disobeyeth me - Still Thou art Forgiving, Merciful.” (14:36) 00:06:25.829 --> 00:06:33.540 “My Lord! Lo! they have led many of mankind astray. But whoso followeth me, he verily is of me. And whoso disobeyeth me - Still Thou art Forgiving, Merciful.” (14:36) 00:06:33.540 --> 00:06:37.019 And remember, O Muhammad, when Ibrahim said: 00:06:37.019 --> 00:06:42.329 "My Lord, make this city a place of security for its people and inhabitants." 00:06:42.329 --> 00:06:46.290 "And keep me and my sons away from worshipping idols." 00:06:46.290 --> 00:06:52.759 "O my Lord, indeed the idols have led many people astray from the path of guidance and the way of truth." 00:06:52.759 --> 00:06:55.040 "Until they worshipped them." 00:06:55.040 --> 00:07:01.040 "So whoever follows me in what I am upon of belief in You and sincerity of worship to You." 00:07:01.040 --> 00:07:04.269 "Then he is following my Sunnah." 00:07:04.269 --> 00:07:09.110 "And whoever disobeys my command, then You are Forgiving of the sins of the sinners." 00:07:09.110 --> 00:07:15.240 "And Merciful to Your servants, pardoning whom You will among them." 00:07:15.240 --> 00:07:25.439 “Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37) 00:07:25.480 --> 00:07:27.959 “Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37) 00:07:27.959 --> 00:07:37.040 "At Your Sacred House, our Lord, so that they may establish prayer." 00:07:37.040 --> 00:07:44.240 "So make the hearts of people incline toward them, and provide for them." 00:07:44.240 --> 00:07:52.060 “Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37) 00:07:52.060 --> 00:07:54.860 "Our Lord, I have settled some of my offspring..." 00:07:54.899 --> 00:07:57.379 “Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37) 00:07:57.379 --> 00:08:02.740 "At Your House, which You have sanctified for all Your creation, that they should not violate it." 00:08:02.740 --> 00:08:05.939 "So that Your obligations of prayer may be performed." 00:08:05.939 --> 00:08:11.300 "So make the hearts of people yearn for the dwellings of my descendants." 00:08:11.300 --> 00:08:16.910 This is his supplication for them that they be granted the pilgrimage to His Sacred House. 00:08:16.910 --> 00:08:20.589 "And provide for them from the fruits of plants and trees." 00:08:20.589 --> 00:08:26.240 "So that they may be grateful to You for what You have provided them and bestowed upon them." 00:08:26.240 --> 00:08:32.480 “Our Lord! Lo! Thou knowest that which we hide and that which we proclaim. Nothing in the earth or in the heaven is hidden from Allah.” (14:38) 00:08:32.480 --> 00:08:42.450 “Our Lord! Lo! Thou knowest that which we hide and that which we proclaim. Nothing in the earth or in the heaven is hidden from Allah.” (14:38) 00:08:42.450 --> 00:08:48.169 "Our Lord, You know what our hearts conceal when You ask us what we ask of You." 00:08:48.169 --> 00:08:51.129 And in other matters of our affairs. 00:08:51.169 --> 00:08:53.889 And what we declare of our supplication. 00:08:53.889 --> 00:09:00.740 And nothing is hidden from You, our Lord, in the earth or in the heavens. 00:09:00.740 --> 00:09:08.820 “Praise be to Allah Who hath given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! my Lord is indeed the Hearer of Prayer.” (14:39) 00:09:08.820 --> 00:09:16.870 “Praise be to Allah Who hath given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! my Lord is indeed the Hearer of Prayer.” (14:39) 00:09:16.870 --> 00:09:21.950 "Praise be to Allah, who has granted me, in my old age, children." 00:09:21.950 --> 00:09:24.309 "Isma'il and Ishaq." 00:09:24.309 --> 00:09:29.690 "Indeed, my Lord is the Hearer of the supplication that I call upon Him with." 00:09:29.690 --> 00:09:36.049 "My Lord, make me an establisher of prayer, and from my descendants." 00:09:36.049 --> 00:09:41.220 "Our Lord, and accept my supplication." 00:09:41.220 --> 00:09:51.740 “Our Lord! Forgive me and my parents and believers on the day when the account is cast.” (14:41) 00:09:51.779 --> 00:09:58.620 "My Lord, make me one who fulfills the obligation You have imposed upon me of prayer." 00:09:58.620 --> 00:10:02.980 "And make also from my descendants those who establish prayer for You." 00:10:02.980 --> 00:10:08.909 "Our Lord, and accept the work that I do for You and my worship of You." 00:10:08.909 --> 00:10:18.139 "Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believers on the day when the people stand for the reckoning." 00:10:18.139 --> 00:10:27.100 “Deem not that Allah is unaware of what the wicked do. He but giveth them a respite till a day when eyes will stare (in terror),” (14:42) 00:10:27.100 --> 00:10:35.179 “Deem not that Allah is unaware of what the wicked do. He but giveth them a respite till a day when eyes will stare (in terror),” (14:42) 00:10:35.179 --> 00:10:42.059 “As they come hurrying on in fear, their heads upraised, their gaze returning not to them, and their hearts as air.” (14:43) 00:10:42.059 --> 00:10:46.779 And their hearts are empty. 00:10:46.820 --> 00:10:53.899 And do not think, O Muhammad, that Allah is unaware or heedless of what these polytheists do. 00:10:53.899 --> 00:10:58.899 Rather, He is knowledgeable of them and their deeds, keeping an account of them. 00:10:58.899 --> 00:11:04.980 Your Lord, O Muhammad, only delays these wrongdoers who deny you. 00:11:04.980 --> 00:11:07.860 “Deem not that Allah is unaware of what the wicked do. He but giveth them a respite till a day when eyes will stare (in terror),” (14:42) 00:11:07.860 --> 00:11:10.539 And that is on the Day of Resurrection. 00:11:10.580 --> 00:11:17.659 Hastening, raising their heads, their eyes not returning to them due to the intensity of the sight. 00:11:17.659 --> 00:11:25.789 And their hearts are empty, containing no good, and they understand nothing. 00:11:25.789 --> 00:11:36.590 “And warn mankind of a day when the doom will come upon them, and those who did wrong will say: Our Lord! Reprieve us for a little while. We will obey Thy call and will follow the messengers. (It will be answered): Did ye not swear before that there would be no end for you?” (14:44) 00:11:36.590 --> 00:11:45.789 “And warn mankind of a day when the doom will come upon them, and those who did wrong will say: Our Lord! Reprieve us for a little while. We will obey Thy call and will follow the messengers. (It will be answered): Did ye not swear before that there would be no end for you?” (14:44) 00:11:45.789 --> 00:11:55.519 “And warn mankind of a day when the doom will come upon them, and those who did wrong will say: Our Lord! Reprieve us for a little while. We will obey Thy call and will follow the messengers. (It will be answered): Did ye not swear before that there would be no end for you?” (14:44) 00:11:55.519 --> 00:11:59.480 And warn, O Muhammad, the people of what is coming upon them. 00:11:59.480 --> 00:12:02.960 The day when the punishment of Allah comes to them on the Day of Resurrection. 00:12:02.960 --> 00:12:08.279 Then those who disbelieved in their Lord and wronged themselves by doing so will say: 00:12:08.279 --> 00:12:16.240 "Our Lord, delay our punishment for us and grant us respite for a short term, so we may answer Your call to the truth." 00:12:16.240 --> 00:12:20.799 "And we will believe in You and confirm Your messengers and follow them." 00:12:20.799 --> 00:12:28.240 "Did you not swear in the world before that you would have no transition from the world to the Hereafter?" 00:12:28.240 --> 00:12:33.789 "And that you would only die and then not be resurrected?" 00:12:33.789 --> 00:12:39.950 “And (have ye not) dwelt in the dwellings of those who wronged themselves (of old) and (hath it not) become plain to you how We dealt with them and made examples for you?” (14:45) 00:12:39.950 --> 00:12:50.029 “And (have ye not) dwelt in the dwellings of those who wronged themselves (of old) and (hath it not) become plain to you how We dealt with them and made examples for you?” (14:45) 00:12:51.149 --> 00:12:55.710 "And you dwelt in the world in the dwellings of those who disbelieved in Allah." 00:12:55.710 --> 00:13:00.950 "And wronged themselves by doing so, among the nations that were before you." 00:13:00.990 --> 00:13:05.509 "And you knew how We destroyed them when they were arrogant toward their Lord." 00:13:05.509 --> 00:13:09.629 "And We gave you examples of what you were upon of polytheism." 00:13:09.629 --> 00:13:13.629 "Yet you did not turn back, nor did you repent from your disbelief." 00:13:13.629 --> 00:13:16.750 "So now you ask for a delay to repent?" 00:13:16.750 --> 00:13:20.950 "When the punishment has already come upon you?" 00:13:20.950 --> 00:13:24.460 "That will not happen." 00:13:24.460 --> 00:13:30.379 “Verily they have plotted their plot, and their plot is with Allah, though their plot were one whereby the mountains should be moved.” (14:46) 00:13:30.379 --> 00:13:37.539 “Verily they have plotted their plot, and their plot is with Allah, though their plot were one whereby the mountains should be moved.” (14:46) 00:13:38.809 --> 00:13:42.970 And those who wronged themselves have associated partners with their Lord. 00:13:42.970 --> 00:13:45.970 And they have fabricated their lies against Him. 00:13:45.970 --> 00:13:50.250 And with Allah is the knowledge of their polytheism and their fabrication against Him. 00:13:50.250 --> 00:13:53.129 And He will punish them for that. 00:13:53.129 --> 00:13:58.409 And their polytheism and fabrication against Allah were not such that the mountains would be moved by them. 00:13:58.409 --> 00:14:02.009 Rather, they harmed no one by that but themselves. 00:14:02.009 --> 00:14:08.309 Meaning, their plotting was too weak to move the mountains. 00:14:23.269 --> 00:14:26.789 So do not think, O Muhammad, that Allah will fail in His promise. 00:14:26.789 --> 00:14:29.590 Which He promised them regarding their denial. 00:14:29.590 --> 00:14:32.830 And their rejection of what they were brought from Him. 00:14:32.830 --> 00:14:38.230 Indeed, Allah is Almighty; nothing can prevent Him if He wills to punish. 00:14:38.230 --> 00:14:41.070 Capable of everyone who seeks Him. 00:14:41.070 --> 00:14:45.389 An Avenger against those who disbelieved in His messengers and denied them. 00:14:45.389 --> 00:14:50.639 And associated partners with Him and took another god besides Him. 00:14:50.639 --> 00:14:57.000 “On the day when the earth will be changed to other than the earth, and the heavens (also will be changed) and they will come forth unto Allah, the One, the Almighty,” (14:48) 00:14:57.000 --> 00:15:03.480 “On the day when the earth will be changed to other than the earth, and the heavens (also will be changed) and they will come forth unto Allah, the One, the Almighty,” (14:48) 00:15:03.480 --> 00:15:09.240 Indeed, Allah is an Avenger against the polytheists of your people and all who disbelieve in Allah. 00:15:09.240 --> 00:15:14.679 On the day when the earth that we are upon is replaced on the Day of Resurrection with another. 00:15:14.679 --> 00:15:18.360 And likewise, the heavens will be replaced with others. 00:15:18.360 --> 00:15:21.960 And they will appear before Allah, the One who is unique in Lordship. 00:15:21.960 --> 00:15:24.200 The One who subdues everything. 00:15:24.200 --> 00:15:28.559 Overpowering it, directing it as He wills, however He wills. 00:15:55.649 --> 00:15:59.340 And you will see those who disbelieved in Allah. 00:15:59.340 --> 00:16:02.620 Having committed polytheism in the world, on that day. 00:16:02.620 --> 00:16:06.299 Their hands and feet bound to their necks. 00:16:06.299 --> 00:16:09.340 With shackles of iron and chains. 00:16:09.340 --> 00:16:13.460 Their garments which they wear will be of molten copper. 00:16:13.460 --> 00:16:17.299 And the Fire will cover their faces, burning them. 00:16:17.299 --> 00:16:19.860 That is what Allah does to them. 00:16:19.860 --> 00:16:23.179 As a recompense for them for what they earned of sins. 00:16:23.220 --> 00:16:27.139 As a recompense for them for what they earned of sins in the world. 00:16:27.139 --> 00:16:30.620 Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of the work of every worker. 00:16:30.620 --> 00:16:33.340 So He does not need, in counting their deeds. 00:16:33.340 --> 00:16:36.299 Any effort or difficulty. 00:16:36.299 --> 00:16:39.580 And He is swift in His reckoning of their deeds. 00:16:39.580 --> 00:16:41.899 He has encompassed them with His knowledge. 00:16:41.899 --> 00:16:48.360 And He will recompense them for all of that, both small and great. 00:16:48.360 --> 00:16:52.120 This is a notification for the people. 00:16:52.159 --> 00:16:54.519 And that they may be warned by it. 00:16:54.519 --> 00:16:56.519 And that they may know. 00:16:56.519 --> 00:17:03.080 And that they may know that He is but one God. 00:17:03.080 --> 00:17:09.470 And that those of understanding may take heed. 00:17:09.470 --> 00:17:12.309 This Qur'an is a notification for the people. 00:17:12.309 --> 00:17:16.349 Allah has conveyed it to them as a proof against them. 00:17:16.349 --> 00:17:18.789 And that they may be warned of the punishment of Allah. 00:17:18.789 --> 00:17:22.230 And that they may know that He is but one God. 00:17:22.269 --> 00:17:26.269 And that those of intellect and understanding may remember and take admonition. 00:17:26.269 --> 00:17:32.089 For they are the people of reflection and remembrance. 00:17:32.089 --> 00:17:35.490 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.