1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,759 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:02,759 --> 00:00:32,229 A brief and subtle commentary 3 00:00:32,229 --> 00:00:35,229 on the book *Bitaqat al-Ta'rif* (Identification Cards). 4 00:00:35,229 --> 00:00:38,229 with the surahs of the Noble Qur'an. 5 00:00:38,229 --> 00:00:42,229 by Dr. Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz Ibn 'Umar Nasif. 6 00:00:42,229 --> 00:00:44,390 May Allah preserve him. 7 00:00:44,390 --> 00:00:46,390 Surah An-Nur. 8 00:00:46,390 --> 00:00:51,390 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. All praise is due to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah. 9 00:00:51,390 --> 00:00:53,390 We are still following this subtle, gentle commentary. 10 00:00:53,390 --> 00:00:55,520 on identity cards 11 00:00:55,520 --> 00:00:58,030 with Surat al-Nur. 12 00:00:58,030 --> 00:01:00,100 I ask Allah to illuminate 13 00:01:00,100 --> 00:01:02,320 our homes. 14 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:04,319 our societies, and our Ummah. 15 00:01:04,319 --> 00:01:06,319 with the light of the Magnificent Qur'an. 16 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:09,510 And I have three reflections on this Surah: 17 00:01:09,510 --> 00:01:11,510 The first point of reflection concerns its virtues. 18 00:01:11,510 --> 00:01:13,640 And I have not found any specific virtue mentioned exclusively for it. 19 00:01:13,640 --> 00:01:15,670 and so he affirmed it. 20 00:01:15,670 --> 00:01:17,670 what 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab wrote, 21 00:01:17,670 --> 00:01:19,670 may Allah be pleased with him. 22 00:01:19,670 --> 00:01:21,829 This indicates that 23 00:01:21,829 --> 00:01:23,829 Among the things he counseled was 24 00:01:23,829 --> 00:01:25,829 the rulers, or 25 00:01:25,829 --> 00:01:27,829 across the various regions. 26 00:01:27,829 --> 00:01:29,829 He said, "'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote: 27 00:01:29,829 --> 00:01:31,829 Learn. 28 00:01:31,829 --> 00:01:33,829 Surat Bara'ah (at-Tawbah) 29 00:01:33,829 --> 00:01:35,829 and teach your women Surat an-Nur. 30 00:01:35,829 --> 00:01:38,310 And here, 31 00:01:38,310 --> 00:01:40,310 I would like to pause and address the issue of virtues. 32 00:01:40,310 --> 00:01:42,790 Thus, virtues 33 00:01:42,790 --> 00:01:44,790 it offers benefits across several dimensions, including the aspect of 34 00:01:44,790 --> 00:01:46,790 known to everyone, which is that a surah may have 35 00:01:46,790 --> 00:01:48,790 a specified reward 36 00:01:48,790 --> 00:01:50,790 is recorded for its reciter 37 00:01:50,790 --> 00:01:52,790 or had memorized it, for example. 38 00:01:52,790 --> 00:01:54,790 in a specific place, so a person should be keen 39 00:01:54,790 --> 00:01:57,109 Accordingly, 40 00:01:57,109 --> 00:01:59,109 However, there are aspects where I will merely touch upon them briefly. 41 00:01:59,109 --> 00:02:01,109 Right here beside me. 42 00:02:01,109 --> 00:02:03,140 actively realizing its virtue 43 00:02:03,140 --> 00:02:05,140 Thus, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab advises, 44 00:02:05,140 --> 00:02:07,140 Governors and officials 45 00:02:07,140 --> 00:02:09,139 to teach women 46 00:02:09,139 --> 00:02:11,340 Surat an-Nur. 47 00:02:11,340 --> 00:02:13,620 And this 48 00:02:13,620 --> 00:02:15,620 He realizes the importance of 49 00:02:15,620 --> 00:02:17,620 This Surah is for women. 50 00:02:17,620 --> 00:02:19,620 even though it was revealed for both men and women. 51 00:02:19,620 --> 00:02:21,620 Men are likewise called upon to learn this surah. 52 00:02:21,620 --> 00:02:23,780 Absolutely. 53 00:02:23,780 --> 00:02:25,780 However, women have a particular distinction. 54 00:02:25,780 --> 00:02:27,780 Perhaps what points to its particularity, 55 00:02:27,780 --> 00:02:29,780 women in this surah. 56 00:02:29,780 --> 00:02:31,780 what he pointed out 57 00:02:31,780 --> 00:02:33,780 Sidi al-Tahir Ibn 'Ashur. 58 00:02:33,780 --> 00:02:35,780 in his Tafsir. 59 00:02:35,780 --> 00:02:37,780 In his commentary on the words of Allah Almighty: 60 00:02:37,780 --> 00:02:39,780 "The woman and the man guilty of unlawful sexual intercourse..." 61 00:02:39,780 --> 00:02:41,780 So they were each flogged one hundred lashes. 62 00:02:41,780 --> 00:02:43,780 for he indeed spoke. 63 00:02:43,780 --> 00:02:45,780 as was his habit of meticulous scrutiny 64 00:02:45,780 --> 00:02:47,780 It is a highly recommended book. 65 00:02:47,780 --> 00:02:49,780 for someone who receives questions regarding the Qur'an. 66 00:02:49,780 --> 00:02:51,780 Why is one mentioned first here and deferred there? 67 00:02:51,780 --> 00:02:53,780 and it was made definite here and indefinite there. 68 00:02:53,780 --> 00:02:55,780 And he mentioned here 69 00:02:55,780 --> 00:02:57,780 you find that he possesses scholarly discourse. 70 00:02:57,780 --> 00:02:59,979 Just a minute. 71 00:02:59,979 --> 00:03:01,979 He explained the reason for mentioning the female adulterer before the male adulterer, 72 00:03:01,979 --> 00:03:03,979 The norm is that the man is mentioned first. 73 00:03:03,979 --> 00:03:05,979 Then the woman—why was the woman specifically mentioned? 74 00:03:05,979 --> 00:03:07,979 Here, he first said: 75 00:03:07,979 --> 00:03:09,979 And the female adulterer was mentioned before the male adulterer. 76 00:03:09,979 --> 00:03:11,979 for paying close attention to the ruling. 77 00:03:11,979 --> 00:03:13,979 because a woman 78 00:03:13,979 --> 00:03:15,979 It is the motive behind 79 00:03:15,979 --> 00:03:17,979 the man. 80 00:03:17,979 --> 00:03:19,979 and that the man had not seen the woman. 81 00:03:19,979 --> 00:03:21,979 he did not mix with the woman. 82 00:03:21,979 --> 00:03:23,979 He did not interact with women. 83 00:03:23,979 --> 00:03:25,979 Indeed, regarding the motive behind her committing adultery, it was said, 84 00:03:25,979 --> 00:03:28,009 He said, "And by her assisting the man..." 85 00:03:28,009 --> 00:03:30,009 by helping her. 86 00:03:30,009 --> 00:03:32,009 and her assisting the man. 87 00:03:32,009 --> 00:03:34,039 unlawful sexual intercourse (zina) occurs. 88 00:03:34,039 --> 00:03:36,039 And if a woman refuses her husband intimacy, 89 00:03:36,039 --> 00:03:38,330 in her hijab. 90 00:03:38,330 --> 00:03:40,460 and her modesty, covering, and chastity. 91 00:03:40,460 --> 00:03:42,460 and say whatever you wish. 92 00:03:42,460 --> 00:03:44,460 Among what is required of a woman 93 00:03:44,460 --> 00:03:46,460 a man would find no way to commit adultery. 94 00:03:47,939 --> 00:03:49,939 Thus, mentioning the woman first in this context 95 00:03:49,939 --> 00:03:51,939 Because it conveys a stronger warning against it. 96 00:03:51,939 --> 00:03:53,939 When it is mentioned first, you know that it holds greater importance here. 97 00:03:53,939 --> 00:03:55,939 and she should take care of herself. 98 00:03:55,939 --> 00:03:58,129 Then observe, 99 00:03:58,129 --> 00:04:00,129 ...the remainder of his words, for they are truly invaluable. 100 00:04:00,129 --> 00:04:02,129 He said: "And the statement of each one of them..." 101 00:04:02,129 --> 00:04:04,129 Meaning, Allah said: 102 00:04:04,129 --> 00:04:06,129 "The female fornicator and the male fornicator," so He mentioned the female first, 103 00:04:06,129 --> 00:04:08,129 of a woman over a man. 104 00:04:08,129 --> 00:04:10,129 flog each of them 105 00:04:10,129 --> 00:04:12,129 Each one of them 106 00:04:12,129 --> 00:04:14,129 He said: And regarding his statement, "Each of the two..." 107 00:04:14,129 --> 00:04:16,129 to indicate that neither of them is 108 00:04:17,129 --> 00:04:19,129 In terms of punishment, they are equal. 109 00:04:19,129 --> 00:04:21,129 And in terms of warning, 110 00:04:21,129 --> 00:04:23,129 A woman must be even more cautious. 111 00:04:23,129 --> 00:04:25,129 For had she preserved her modesty and chastity, 112 00:04:25,129 --> 00:04:27,129 as long as men could find a way to it. 113 00:04:27,129 --> 00:04:29,420 a way. 114 00:04:29,420 --> 00:04:31,420 The second pause pertains to what you mentioned 115 00:04:31,420 --> 00:04:33,420 Under the dating of the surah's revelation, 116 00:04:33,420 --> 00:04:35,420 namely, that 117 00:04:35,420 --> 00:04:37,420 regarding the occasions of revelation. 118 00:04:37,420 --> 00:04:39,420 The verses of the surah. 119 00:04:39,420 --> 00:04:41,420 and the legal rulings mentioned therein. 120 00:04:41,420 --> 00:04:43,420 what helps in understanding 121 00:04:43,420 --> 00:04:45,420 History. 122 00:04:45,420 --> 00:04:47,420 regarding specific individuals and events. 123 00:04:47,420 --> 00:04:49,480 specific. 124 00:04:49,480 --> 00:04:51,480 Note that there are contexts of revelation for the surah. 125 00:04:51,480 --> 00:04:53,480 Furthermore, there are legal rulings 126 00:04:53,480 --> 00:04:55,540 are mentioned in the surah. 127 00:04:55,540 --> 00:04:57,540 both this and that 128 00:04:57,540 --> 00:04:59,699 It aids in understanding chronology and historical context. 129 00:04:59,699 --> 00:05:01,699 However, the question remains: 130 00:05:01,699 --> 00:05:03,699 Why did I not specify the date? 131 00:05:03,699 --> 00:05:05,699 Because this requires careful study. 132 00:05:05,699 --> 00:05:07,699 in which the occasions of revelation (asbab al-nuzul) are printed. 133 00:05:07,699 --> 00:05:09,699 due to its various transmission routes which 134 00:05:09,699 --> 00:05:11,699 clarifies the names of individuals. 135 00:05:11,699 --> 00:05:13,699 as well as events and places. 136 00:05:13,699 --> 00:05:15,699 And this, of course, 137 00:05:15,699 --> 00:05:17,699 It does not mean that the entire surah becomes 138 00:05:17,699 --> 00:05:19,699 were revealed all at once. 139 00:05:19,699 --> 00:05:21,699 Rather, it may be—and this is most often the case— 140 00:05:21,699 --> 00:05:23,699 revealed separately at different times. 141 00:05:23,699 --> 00:05:25,699 Thus, he suffers sleeplessness over each and every part of it, 142 00:05:25,699 --> 00:05:27,699 a specific dating system. 143 00:05:27,699 --> 00:05:29,699 It is known by what I have mentioned. 144 00:05:29,699 --> 00:05:31,699 because of its connection to specific people and events. 145 00:05:31,699 --> 00:05:33,699 Therefore, the occasions of revelation and the legal rulings 146 00:05:33,699 --> 00:05:35,699 ...is tied to specific individuals and events. 147 00:05:35,699 --> 00:05:37,769 Once these individuals are identified, 148 00:05:37,769 --> 00:05:39,769 and knew the events. 149 00:05:39,769 --> 00:05:41,769 We came to know a history 150 00:05:41,769 --> 00:05:43,769 to the various verses of the surah. 151 00:05:43,769 --> 00:05:45,769 Of course, some of them are very clear. 152 00:05:45,769 --> 00:05:47,769 such as the incident of the slander (Ifk), 153 00:05:47,769 --> 00:05:49,769 and some of them were revealed concerning the punishment of 154 00:05:49,769 --> 00:05:51,769 Take, for instance, the Incident of the Slander (al-Ifk). 155 00:05:51,769 --> 00:05:53,769 "And let not those of virtue and abundance among you swear..." 156 00:05:53,769 --> 00:05:55,769 All of this requires thorough inductive investigation. 157 00:05:55,769 --> 00:05:57,769 Rather, my intention was simply to open the door to this topic. 158 00:05:57,769 --> 00:05:59,990 As I have often mentioned, 159 00:05:59,990 --> 00:06:01,990 The final issue: 160 00:06:01,990 --> 00:06:03,990 brings us to the third and final reflection. 161 00:06:03,990 --> 00:06:06,019 along with dividing the surah into thematic sections. 162 00:06:06,019 --> 00:06:08,279 and the way it is structured is truly remarkable. 163 00:06:08,279 --> 00:06:11,050 Thus, they are divided into three categories. 164 00:06:11,050 --> 00:06:13,050 The first of these consists of legislation and legal rulings, 165 00:06:13,050 --> 00:06:17,689 The second is gaining knowledge of Allah, the Possessor of Majesty and Honor. 166 00:06:17,689 --> 00:06:19,819 And thirdly, 167 00:06:19,819 --> 00:06:21,819 It is a nurture rooted in complete submission to Allah. 168 00:06:21,819 --> 00:06:23,819 while mentioning additional rulings. 169 00:06:23,819 --> 00:06:26,100 Rulings in their initial stages 170 00:06:26,100 --> 00:06:28,100 And at the end of it, 171 00:06:28,100 --> 00:06:30,100 And right in the middle of it lies the Verse of Light. 172 00:06:30,100 --> 00:06:32,100 Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth. 173 00:06:32,100 --> 00:06:34,100 along with other verses. 174 00:06:34,100 --> 00:06:36,100 Come to know Allah, glorified and exalted be He. 175 00:06:36,100 --> 00:06:38,139 This is because surrender 176 00:06:38,139 --> 00:06:40,139 The sought-after category in the third division. 177 00:06:40,139 --> 00:06:42,139 It cannot be 178 00:06:42,139 --> 00:06:44,139 except through the knowledge of Allah. 179 00:06:44,139 --> 00:06:46,139 Glory be to Him, the Exalted, first and foremost. 180 00:06:46,139 --> 00:06:48,139 And the more one's knowledge increases, 181 00:06:48,139 --> 00:06:50,139 She gave birth. 182 00:06:50,139 --> 00:06:52,139 Submit entirely to Allah. 183 00:06:52,139 --> 00:06:54,139 And out of eagerness to implement 184 00:06:54,139 --> 00:06:56,139 The rulings of Allah, glorified and exalted be He. 185 00:06:56,139 --> 00:06:59,160 And we notice here 186 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:01,160 And you will notice 187 00:07:01,160 --> 00:07:03,160 The first category is at its end 188 00:07:03,160 --> 00:07:05,160 And concluding by emphasizing the revelation [of the Scripture], 189 00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:07,160 clear, illuminating verses 190 00:07:07,160 --> 00:07:09,160 For the Muslims 191 00:07:09,160 --> 00:07:11,160 Let us examine the words of Allah Almighty: 192 00:07:11,160 --> 00:07:13,160 And We have certainly sent down to you clarifying verses 193 00:07:13,160 --> 00:07:15,160 The word "to you" occurs in it. 194 00:07:15,160 --> 00:07:17,160 It is for this reason that these verses were revealed. 195 00:07:17,160 --> 00:07:19,610 for Muslims, and these are the rulings. 196 00:07:19,610 --> 00:07:21,610 and an admonition for the God-fearing. 197 00:07:21,610 --> 00:07:23,610 Because the remainder of the verse—for example, "And among those who"— 198 00:07:23,610 --> 00:07:25,610 made them an exemplary punishment for those who came before them and a lesson for the righteous. 199 00:07:25,610 --> 00:07:27,610 However, in the second section, 200 00:07:27,610 --> 00:07:29,610 he mentioned concluding with an emphasis on 201 00:07:29,610 --> 00:07:31,610 the revelation of clear, clarifying verses. 202 00:07:31,610 --> 00:07:33,610 These verses are not exclusive to Muslims, 203 00:07:33,610 --> 00:07:35,610 because they are verses that introduce Allah. 204 00:07:35,610 --> 00:07:37,610 For while introducing legal rulings is tailored specifically [for believers], 205 00:07:37,610 --> 00:07:39,610 introducing Allah and His signs 206 00:07:39,610 --> 00:07:41,610 is suitable for all humanity. 207 00:07:41,610 --> 00:07:43,610 And that is why it came in this form; 208 00:07:43,610 --> 00:07:45,610 “Verily We have sent down revelations and explained them. Allah guideth whom He will unto a straight path.” (24:46) 209 00:07:45,610 --> 00:07:47,610 the phrase "for you" was not mentioned in it. 210 00:07:47,610 --> 00:07:49,610 For this reason, I did not specify here 211 00:07:49,610 --> 00:07:51,610 that it was exclusively "for Muslims," because the verse 212 00:07:51,610 --> 00:07:53,610 is general, emphasizing that guidance is entirely in Allah's hands. 213 00:07:53,610 --> 00:07:55,610 Furthermore, conclude with an addition 214 00:07:55,610 --> 00:07:57,610 that we place at the end of the third section, 215 00:07:57,610 --> 00:07:59,800 which is: 216 00:07:59,800 --> 00:08:01,800 concluding with the truth that whatever 217 00:08:01,800 --> 00:08:03,800 is in the heavens and the earth 218 00:08:03,800 --> 00:08:05,829 belongs to Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, 219 00:08:05,829 --> 00:08:07,829 and that He, Glorified is He, 220 00:08:07,829 --> 00:08:09,829 is Knowing of all things. 221 00:08:09,829 --> 00:08:11,829 Thus, Allah said at the end of this surah: 222 00:08:11,829 --> 00:08:13,829 "Unquestionably, to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. 223 00:08:13,829 --> 00:08:15,829 “Lo! verily unto Allah belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth. He knoweth your condition. And (He knoweth) the Day when they are returned unto Him so that He may inform them of what they did. Allah is Knower of all things.” (24:64) 224 00:08:15,829 --> 00:08:17,829 And [know] the Day they are returned to Him, He will inform them 225 00:08:17,829 --> 00:08:19,829 of what they did. And Allah 226 00:08:19,829 --> 00:08:21,829 is Knowing of all things." 227 00:08:21,829 --> 00:08:23,829 This reminds us of Surah 228 00:08:23,829 --> 00:08:25,829 al-Ma'idah alongside al-An'am. 229 00:08:25,829 --> 00:08:27,829 For the end of al-Ma'idah states: "To Allah belongs 230 00:08:27,829 --> 00:08:29,829 the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is within them, 231 00:08:29,829 --> 00:08:31,829 and He is over all things competent." 232 00:08:31,829 --> 00:08:33,830 Then it was followed by Surah al-An'am, 233 00:08:33,830 --> 00:08:35,830 which introduces Allah, Glorified 234 00:08:35,830 --> 00:08:37,830 and Exalted is He. 235 00:08:37,830 --> 00:08:39,830 And here, the surah concluded with this verse, 236 00:08:39,830 --> 00:08:42,470 which is a verse that suits 237 00:08:42,470 --> 00:08:44,470 the preceding rulings, just as 238 00:08:44,470 --> 00:08:46,470 the verse in al-Ma'idah suited the preceding rulings 239 00:08:46,470 --> 00:08:48,470 and harmonized with the next surah—the Meccan surah 240 00:08:48,470 --> 00:08:50,470 that extols and praises Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He— 241 00:08:50,470 --> 00:08:52,470 [such as Surah al-Furqan]: 242 00:08:52,470 --> 00:08:54,470 “Blessed is He Who hath revealed unto His slave the Criterion (of right and wrong), that he may be a warner to the peoples.” (25:1) 243 00:08:54,470 --> 00:08:56,470 "that he may be to the worlds a warner," 244 00:08:56,470 --> 00:08:58,470 and in al-An'am: "Praise be to Allah, 245 00:08:58,470 --> 00:09:00,470 Who created the heavens and the earth 246 00:09:00,470 --> 00:09:02,470 and made the darkness and the light. 247 00:09:02,470 --> 00:09:04,470 Then those who disbelieve equate others with their Lord." 248 00:09:04,470 --> 00:09:06,470 What has been presented is sufficient. 249 00:09:06,470 --> 00:09:08,470 May the peace and blessings of my Lord be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions 250 00:09:08,470 --> 00:09:10,470 all together, and praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.