1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:15,220 --> 00:00:18,219 Mawaddah Association is pleased 3 00:00:18,219 --> 00:00:22,219 to present to you snapshots from the lives of the Companions, 4 00:00:22,219 --> 00:00:25,219 by 'Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha, 5 00:00:25,219 --> 00:00:27,260 may Allah have mercy on him. 6 00:00:27,260 --> 00:00:34,299 Khabbab ibn al-Aratt, may Allah be pleased with him. 7 00:00:47,899 --> 00:00:51,899 Umm Anmar al-Khuza'iyyah set out for the slave market in Makkah, 8 00:00:51,899 --> 00:00:55,899 intending to buy herself a young male servant 9 00:00:55,899 --> 00:00:58,899 who could serve her and whose labor she could exploit. 10 00:00:58,899 --> 00:01:02,899 She began closely inspecting the faces of the slaves offered for sale, 11 00:01:02,899 --> 00:01:06,900 until her choice settled upon a boy who had not yet reached puberty. 12 00:01:06,900 --> 00:01:11,900 She saw in his robust health and the marks of desert nobility upon his face 13 00:01:11,900 --> 00:01:13,900 that which enticed her to purchase him. 14 00:01:13,900 --> 00:01:16,900 She paid his price and set off with him. 15 00:01:16,900 --> 00:01:18,900 While they were on their way, 16 00:01:18,900 --> 00:01:21,900 Umm Anmar turned to the boy and asked, 17 00:01:21,900 --> 00:01:23,900 "What is your name, boy?" 18 00:01:23,900 --> 00:01:24,900 He replied, 19 00:01:24,900 --> 00:01:26,900 "Khabbab." 20 00:01:26,900 --> 00:01:27,900 She asked, 21 00:01:27,900 --> 00:01:29,900 "And what is your father's name?" 22 00:01:29,900 --> 00:01:30,900 He said, 23 00:01:30,900 --> 00:01:31,900 "Al-Aratt." 24 00:01:31,900 --> 00:01:32,900 She asked, 25 00:01:32,900 --> 00:01:34,900 "And where are you from?" 26 00:01:34,900 --> 00:01:36,900 He said, "From Najd." 27 00:01:36,900 --> 00:01:37,900 She remarked, 28 00:01:37,900 --> 00:01:39,900 "So you are an Arab, then?" 29 00:01:39,900 --> 00:01:40,900 He replied, "Yes, 30 00:01:40,900 --> 00:01:42,900 from the tribe of Banu Tamim." 31 00:01:42,900 --> 00:01:43,900 She asked, 32 00:01:43,900 --> 00:01:47,959 "And who brought you into the hands of the slave dealers in Makkah?" 33 00:01:47,959 --> 00:01:48,959 He explained, 34 00:01:48,959 --> 00:01:51,959 "An Arab tribe raided our settlement, 35 00:01:51,959 --> 00:01:54,959 drove off the livestock, captured the women, 36 00:01:54,959 --> 00:01:56,959 and seized the children. 37 00:01:56,959 --> 00:01:59,959 I was among the boys taken. 38 00:01:59,959 --> 00:02:02,959 Then I kept passing from hand to hand 39 00:02:02,959 --> 00:02:04,959 until I was brought to Makkah 40 00:02:04,959 --> 00:02:06,959 and ended up in your hands." 41 00:02:06,959 --> 00:02:10,990 Umm Anmar placed her young slave with a blacksmith in Makkah 42 00:02:10,990 --> 00:02:13,990 to learn the craft of sword-making. 43 00:02:13,990 --> 00:02:18,990 It was not long before the young boy mastered the trade and acquired complete proficiency in it. 44 00:02:18,990 --> 00:02:23,020 When Khabbab grew stronger and reached robust manhood, 45 00:02:23,020 --> 00:02:26,020 Umm Anmar rented a shop for him, 46 00:02:26,020 --> 00:02:28,020 purchased tools for him, 47 00:02:28,020 --> 00:02:32,090 and began exploiting his skill in crafting swords. 48 00:02:32,090 --> 00:02:37,090 It was only a short time before Khabbab became famous in Makkah, 49 00:02:37,090 --> 00:02:40,090 and people began flocking to buy his swords 50 00:02:40,090 --> 00:02:45,090 because of the honesty, truthfulness, and craftsmanship he displayed. 51 00:02:45,090 --> 00:02:48,090 Despite his youth, Khabbab 52 00:02:48,090 --> 00:02:52,090 possessed the mind of a mature man and the wisdom of elders. 53 00:02:52,090 --> 00:02:56,090 Whenever he finished his work and was alone with his thoughts, 54 00:02:56,090 --> 00:03:00,090 he would often reflect upon that pagan society 55 00:03:00,090 --> 00:03:05,090 that was steeped in corruption from head to toe. 56 00:03:05,090 --> 00:03:09,090 He was appalled by the dense ignorance and blind misguidance 57 00:03:09,090 --> 00:03:11,090 that had enveloped the life of the Arabs, 58 00:03:11,090 --> 00:03:14,090 of which he himself was one of the victims. 59 00:03:14,090 --> 00:03:19,090 He used to say to himself, "This dark night must surely come to an end." 60 00:03:19,090 --> 00:03:22,090 He wished for his life to be prolonged 61 00:03:22,090 --> 00:03:26,180 so that he might see with his own eyes the demise of darkness and the birth of light. 62 00:03:26,180 --> 00:03:29,180 Khabbab did not have to wait long, 63 00:03:29,180 --> 00:03:32,180 for word soon reached him that a ray of light 64 00:03:32,180 --> 00:03:36,180 had shone forth from the mouth of a youth from Banu Hashim, 65 00:03:36,180 --> 00:03:39,180 named Muhammad ibn 'Abdillah. 66 00:03:39,180 --> 00:03:41,180 So he went to him and listened to his message, 67 00:03:41,180 --> 00:03:45,250 and its radiance dazzled him and its light overwhelmed him. 68 00:03:45,250 --> 00:03:47,250 He extended his hand to the Prophet, 69 00:03:47,250 --> 00:03:50,250 testifying that there is no god but Allah 70 00:03:50,250 --> 00:03:53,250 and that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger. 71 00:03:53,250 --> 00:03:57,250 Thus he became the sixth person to embrace Islam on the face of the earth, 72 00:03:57,250 --> 00:04:03,379 to the extent that it was said a time passed when Khabbab represented one-sixth of Islam. 73 00:04:03,379 --> 00:04:06,379 Khabbab did not conceal his Islam from anyone, 74 00:04:06,379 --> 00:04:09,379 and news of his conversion soon reached Umm Anmar. 75 00:04:09,379 --> 00:04:12,379 She flew into a furious rage 76 00:04:12,379 --> 00:04:15,379 and gathered her brother, Siba' ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza, 77 00:04:15,379 --> 00:04:18,379 joined by a group of youths from the Khuza'ah tribe, 78 00:04:18,379 --> 00:04:21,379 and they all marched toward Khabbab. 79 00:04:21,379 --> 00:04:23,379 They found him busily engaged in his work. 80 00:04:23,379 --> 00:04:26,379 Siba' approached him and said, 81 00:04:26,379 --> 00:04:29,379 "We have received news about you that we could not believe." 82 00:04:29,379 --> 00:04:32,379 Khabbab asked, "And what is that?" 83 00:04:32,379 --> 00:04:37,379 Siba' said, "It is rumored that you have apostatized and followed the youth of Banu Hashim." 84 00:04:37,379 --> 00:04:40,439 Khabbab replied calmly, 85 00:04:40,439 --> 00:04:44,439 "I have not apostatized; rather, I have believed in Allah alone, without any partner, 86 00:04:44,439 --> 00:04:46,439 renounced your idols, 87 00:04:46,439 --> 00:04:50,439 and testified that Muhammad is the servant of Allah and His Messenger." 88 00:04:50,439 --> 00:04:54,439 No sooner had Khabbab's words struck the ears of Siba' and those with him 89 00:04:54,439 --> 00:04:58,439 than they set upon him, beating him with their hands, 90 00:04:58,439 --> 00:05:01,439 kicking him with their feet, 91 00:05:01,439 --> 00:05:06,439 and pelting him with whatever hammers and iron scraps they could reach, 92 00:05:06,439 --> 00:05:09,439 until he collapsed to the ground unconscious, 93 00:05:09,439 --> 00:05:12,439 bleeding profusely. 94 00:05:12,439 --> 00:05:18,439 The news of what transpired between Khabbab and his mistress spread through Makkah like wildfire, 95 00:05:18,439 --> 00:05:21,439 and the people were astonished by Khabbab's audacity. 96 00:05:21,439 --> 00:05:23,439 They had never heard before 97 00:05:23,439 --> 00:05:28,439 of anyone following Muhammad and standing among the people to declare his Islam 98 00:05:28,439 --> 00:05:31,439 with such openness and defiance. 99 00:05:31,439 --> 00:05:34,439 The elders of Quraysh were shaken by Khabbab's stance, 100 00:05:34,439 --> 00:05:39,439 for it had never crossed their minds that a blacksmith like Umm Anmar's slave— 101 00:05:39,439 --> 00:05:41,439 who had no clan to protect him 102 00:05:41,439 --> 00:05:44,439 and no tribal allegiance to defend or harbor him— 103 00:05:44,439 --> 00:05:48,439 would have the boldness to rebel against their authority, 104 00:05:48,439 --> 00:05:50,439 openly revile their gods, 105 00:05:50,439 --> 00:05:54,439 and mock the religion of their forefathers. 106 00:05:54,439 --> 00:05:58,439 They realized that this day would be followed by grave consequences. 107 00:05:58,439 --> 00:06:01,439 And Quraysh was not mistaken in its expectations, 108 00:06:01,439 --> 00:06:07,439 for Khabbab's boldness inspired many of his peers to proclaim their Islam, 109 00:06:07,439 --> 00:06:11,439 and they began openly declaring the word of truth, one after another. 110 00:06:11,439 --> 00:06:14,500 The leaders of Quraysh gathered at the Ka'bah, 111 00:06:14,500 --> 00:06:17,500 led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, 112 00:06:17,500 --> 00:06:19,500 al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah, 113 00:06:19,500 --> 00:06:21,500 and Abu Jahl ibn Hisham. 114 00:06:21,500 --> 00:06:23,500 They conferred regarding the affair of Muhammad, 115 00:06:23,500 --> 00:06:28,500 concluding that his matter was escalating day by day 116 00:06:28,500 --> 00:06:30,500 and hour by hour. 117 00:06:30,500 --> 00:06:34,660 So they resolved to eradicate the disease before it spread beyond control, 118 00:06:34,660 --> 00:06:39,660 deciding that every tribe should set upon its own followers of his, 119 00:06:39,660 --> 00:06:44,699 torturing them until they recanted their religion or died. 120 00:06:44,699 --> 00:06:50,699 The burden of torturing Khabbab fell upon Siba' ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza and his people. 121 00:06:50,699 --> 00:06:56,699 When the midday heat intensified and the sun's rays scorched the ground, 122 00:06:56,699 --> 00:06:58,699 they would take him out to the stony valley of Makkah, 123 00:06:58,699 --> 00:07:00,699 strip off his clothes, 124 00:07:00,699 --> 00:07:02,699 dress him in iron coats of armor, 125 00:07:02,699 --> 00:07:04,699 and deprive him of water. 126 00:07:04,699 --> 00:07:07,699 When exhaustion reached its absolute limit, 127 00:07:07,699 --> 00:07:09,699 they would come to him and ask, 128 00:07:09,699 --> 00:07:11,699 "What do you say about Muhammad?" 129 00:07:11,699 --> 00:07:15,699 He would reply, "He is the servant of Allah and His Messenger, 130 00:07:15,699 --> 00:07:17,699 who brought us the religion of guidance and truth 131 00:07:17,699 --> 00:07:20,699 to bring us out from darkness into light." 132 00:07:20,699 --> 00:07:23,699 Thereupon they would beat and punch him relentlessly, 133 00:07:23,699 --> 00:07:25,699 then say to him, 134 00:07:25,699 --> 00:07:27,699 "And what do you say about al-Lat and al-'Uzza?" 135 00:07:27,699 --> 00:07:31,699 He would say, "Two deaf, dumb idols 136 00:07:31,699 --> 00:07:34,699 that can neither harm nor benefit." 137 00:07:34,699 --> 00:07:37,699 So they would bring red-hot stones 138 00:07:37,699 --> 00:07:39,699 and press them against his back, 139 00:07:39,699 --> 00:07:43,699 holding them there until his own body fat melted to quench them. 140 00:07:43,699 --> 00:07:48,889 Umm Anmar was no less cruel to Khabbab than her brother Siba'. 141 00:07:48,889 --> 00:07:54,889 She saw the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passing by Khabbab's shop and speaking with him, 142 00:07:54,889 --> 00:07:57,889 which drove her to madness. 143 00:07:57,889 --> 00:08:00,889 She began coming to Khabbab day after day, 144 00:08:00,889 --> 00:08:03,889 taking a red-hot piece of iron from his furnace 145 00:08:03,889 --> 00:08:07,889 and placing it upon his head until his scalp smoked 146 00:08:07,889 --> 00:08:08,889 and he fell unconscious, 147 00:08:08,889 --> 00:08:12,889 while he continued to pray against her and her brother Siba'. 148 00:08:12,889 --> 00:08:16,019 When the Messenger, peace be upon him, gave permission 149 00:08:16,019 --> 00:08:19,019 to his Companions to migrate to Madinah, 150 00:08:19,019 --> 00:08:22,019 Khabbab prepared to depart. 151 00:08:22,019 --> 00:08:24,019 However, he did not leave Makkah 152 00:08:24,019 --> 00:08:29,019 until Allah answered his supplication against Umm Anmar. 153 00:08:29,019 --> 00:08:34,019 She was afflicted with a headache the likes of which had never been heard of in severity, 154 00:08:34,019 --> 00:08:39,019 causing her to howl from the intensity of the pain like a dog. 155 00:08:39,019 --> 00:08:43,019 Her sons sought medical treatment for her everywhere, 156 00:08:43,019 --> 00:08:48,019 but they were told that there was no cure for her pain 157 00:08:48,019 --> 00:08:51,019 except to regularly cauterize her head with fire. 158 00:08:51,019 --> 00:08:55,019 So she resorted to cauterizing her head with red-hot iron, 159 00:08:55,019 --> 00:09:00,110 enduring burning pain that made her forget the agony of her headache. 160 00:09:00,110 --> 00:09:04,110 In Madinah, under the care of the Ansar, Khabbab tasted the sweetness of rest 161 00:09:04,110 --> 00:09:07,110 of which he had been deprived for so long. 162 00:09:07,110 --> 00:09:12,110 His eyes were delighted by his proximity to his Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 163 00:09:12,110 --> 00:09:17,110 without anything to trouble him or disturb his peace. 164 00:09:17,110 --> 00:09:20,110 He fought alongside the noble Prophet at Badr, 165 00:09:20,110 --> 00:09:22,110 fighting under his banner, 166 00:09:22,110 --> 00:09:24,110 and marched with him to Uhud. 167 00:09:24,110 --> 00:09:28,110 There Allah delighted his eyes with the sight of Siba' ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza, 168 00:09:28,110 --> 00:09:30,110 the brother of Umm Anmar, 169 00:09:30,110 --> 00:09:33,110 meeting his death at the hands of the Lion of Allah, 170 00:09:33,110 --> 00:09:35,110 Hamzah ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib. 171 00:09:35,110 --> 00:09:37,139 His life was extended 172 00:09:37,139 --> 00:09:42,139 until he lived through the reigns of the four Rightly Guided Caliphs, 173 00:09:42,139 --> 00:09:46,139 living under their care, highly esteemed and renowned. 174 00:09:46,139 --> 00:09:50,399 One day during his caliphate, he visited 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, 175 00:09:50,399 --> 00:09:52,399 who elevated his seat 176 00:09:52,399 --> 00:09:55,399 and brought him very close, saying to him, 177 00:09:55,399 --> 00:09:59,399 "No one is more deserving of this assembly than you, except Bilal." 178 00:09:59,399 --> 00:10:03,460 Then he asked him about the worst torture he had endured at the hands of the polytheists, 179 00:10:03,460 --> 00:10:06,460 but Khabbab felt too shy to answer. 180 00:10:06,460 --> 00:10:10,460 When 'Umar insisted, Khabbab pulled his cloak back from his spine, 181 00:10:10,460 --> 00:10:12,460 and 'Umar recoiled in horror at what he saw, 182 00:10:12,460 --> 00:10:15,460 asking, "How did this happen?" 183 00:10:15,460 --> 00:10:17,460 Khabbab replied, 184 00:10:17,460 --> 00:10:21,460 "The polytheists lit a fire of firewood for me until it became glowing embers, 185 00:10:21,460 --> 00:10:24,460 then they stripped off my clothes 186 00:10:24,460 --> 00:10:26,460 and dragged me across it, 187 00:10:26,460 --> 00:10:29,460 until the flesh fell from my backbones, 188 00:10:29,460 --> 00:10:34,460 and nothing extinguished that fire except the fluid that oozed from my body." 189 00:10:34,460 --> 00:10:39,529 Khabbab became wealthy in the latter part of his life after a long period of poverty, 190 00:10:39,529 --> 00:10:43,529 acquiring gold and silver beyond what he had ever dreamed of. 191 00:10:43,529 --> 00:10:48,529 Yet he disposed of his wealth in a manner no one could imagine: 192 00:10:48,529 --> 00:10:52,529 he placed his dirhams and dinars in a known spot in his house, 193 00:10:52,529 --> 00:10:56,529 accessible to those in need among the poor and destitute. 194 00:10:56,529 --> 00:10:59,529 He did not tie it securely, 195 00:10:59,529 --> 00:11:01,529 nor did he lock it away, 196 00:11:01,529 --> 00:11:05,620 so they would come to his home and take whatever they wished, 197 00:11:05,620 --> 00:11:08,620 without asking or seeking permission. 198 00:11:08,620 --> 00:11:10,620 Even so, 199 00:11:10,620 --> 00:11:13,620 For he feared that he would be held to account for that wealth, 200 00:11:13,620 --> 00:11:15,620 and that he might be punished on its account. 201 00:11:15,620 --> 00:11:18,820 A group of his companions narrated, saying: 202 00:11:18,820 --> 00:11:21,820 "We entered upon Khabbab during the illness from which he died, 203 00:11:21,820 --> 00:11:26,820 and he said, 'There are eighty thousand dirhams in this spot. 204 00:11:26,820 --> 00:11:29,820 By Allah, I never tied its bag closed, 205 00:11:29,820 --> 00:11:32,820 nor did I ever turn away a beggar from it.' 206 00:11:32,820 --> 00:11:34,850 Then he wept. 207 00:11:34,850 --> 00:11:36,940 So they asked him, 'What makes you weep?' 208 00:11:36,940 --> 00:11:40,940 He replied, 'I weep because my companions have passed away 209 00:11:41,940 --> 00:11:45,940 without receiving any part of their reward in this world, 210 00:11:45,940 --> 00:11:47,940 whereas I have survived 211 00:11:47,940 --> 00:11:49,940 and received this wealth, 212 00:11:49,940 --> 00:11:54,039 which I fear may be the reward for those deeds of mine.'" 213 00:11:54,039 --> 00:11:57,039 And when Khabbab departed to the mercy of his Lord, 214 00:11:57,039 --> 00:12:03,039 the Commander of the Faithful, 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), stood at his grave 215 00:12:03,039 --> 00:12:06,039 and said: "May Allah have mercy on Khabbab. 216 00:12:06,039 --> 00:12:08,039 He embraced Islam willingly, 217 00:12:09,039 --> 00:12:11,039 emigrated obediently, 218 00:12:11,039 --> 00:12:13,039 and lived as a striver in the cause of Allah. 219 00:12:13,039 --> 00:12:18,639 And Allah will never cause the reward of those who do good to be lost." 220 00:12:18,639 --> 00:12:20,769 "May Allah have mercy on Khabbab. 221 00:12:20,769 --> 00:12:22,769 He embraced Islam willingly, 222 00:12:22,769 --> 00:12:24,769 emigrated obediently, 223 00:12:24,769 --> 00:12:27,769 and lived as a striver in the cause of Allah." 224 00:12:27,769 --> 00:12:31,950 — 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib.