WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:15.220 --> 00:00:18.219 Mawaddah Association is pleased 00:00:18.219 --> 00:00:22.219 to present to you snapshots from the lives of the Companions, 00:00:22.219 --> 00:00:25.219 by 'Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha, 00:00:25.219 --> 00:00:27.260 may Allah have mercy on him. 00:00:27.260 --> 00:00:34.299 Khabbab ibn al-Aratt, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:00:47.899 --> 00:00:51.899 Umm Anmar al-Khuza'iyyah set out for the slave market in Makkah, 00:00:51.899 --> 00:00:55.899 intending to buy herself a young male servant 00:00:55.899 --> 00:00:58.899 who could serve her and whose labor she could exploit. 00:00:58.899 --> 00:01:02.899 She began closely inspecting the faces of the slaves offered for sale, 00:01:02.899 --> 00:01:06.900 until her choice settled upon a boy who had not yet reached puberty. 00:01:06.900 --> 00:01:11.900 She saw in his robust health and the marks of desert nobility upon his face 00:01:11.900 --> 00:01:13.900 that which enticed her to purchase him. 00:01:13.900 --> 00:01:16.900 She paid his price and set off with him. 00:01:16.900 --> 00:01:18.900 While they were on their way, 00:01:18.900 --> 00:01:21.900 Umm Anmar turned to the boy and asked, 00:01:21.900 --> 00:01:23.900 "What is your name, boy?" 00:01:23.900 --> 00:01:24.900 He replied, 00:01:24.900 --> 00:01:26.900 "Khabbab." 00:01:26.900 --> 00:01:27.900 She asked, 00:01:27.900 --> 00:01:29.900 "And what is your father's name?" 00:01:29.900 --> 00:01:30.900 He said, 00:01:30.900 --> 00:01:31.900 "Al-Aratt." 00:01:31.900 --> 00:01:32.900 She asked, 00:01:32.900 --> 00:01:34.900 "And where are you from?" 00:01:34.900 --> 00:01:36.900 He said, "From Najd." 00:01:36.900 --> 00:01:37.900 She remarked, 00:01:37.900 --> 00:01:39.900 "So you are an Arab, then?" 00:01:39.900 --> 00:01:40.900 He replied, "Yes, 00:01:40.900 --> 00:01:42.900 from the tribe of Banu Tamim." 00:01:42.900 --> 00:01:43.900 She asked, 00:01:43.900 --> 00:01:47.959 "And who brought you into the hands of the slave dealers in Makkah?" 00:01:47.959 --> 00:01:48.959 He explained, 00:01:48.959 --> 00:01:51.959 "An Arab tribe raided our settlement, 00:01:51.959 --> 00:01:54.959 drove off the livestock, captured the women, 00:01:54.959 --> 00:01:56.959 and seized the children. 00:01:56.959 --> 00:01:59.959 I was among the boys taken. 00:01:59.959 --> 00:02:02.959 Then I kept passing from hand to hand 00:02:02.959 --> 00:02:04.959 until I was brought to Makkah 00:02:04.959 --> 00:02:06.959 and ended up in your hands." 00:02:06.959 --> 00:02:10.990 Umm Anmar placed her young slave with a blacksmith in Makkah 00:02:10.990 --> 00:02:13.990 to learn the craft of sword-making. 00:02:13.990 --> 00:02:18.990 It was not long before the young boy mastered the trade and acquired complete proficiency in it. 00:02:18.990 --> 00:02:23.020 When Khabbab grew stronger and reached robust manhood, 00:02:23.020 --> 00:02:26.020 Umm Anmar rented a shop for him, 00:02:26.020 --> 00:02:28.020 purchased tools for him, 00:02:28.020 --> 00:02:32.090 and began exploiting his skill in crafting swords. 00:02:32.090 --> 00:02:37.090 It was only a short time before Khabbab became famous in Makkah, 00:02:37.090 --> 00:02:40.090 and people began flocking to buy his swords 00:02:40.090 --> 00:02:45.090 because of the honesty, truthfulness, and craftsmanship he displayed. 00:02:45.090 --> 00:02:48.090 Despite his youth, Khabbab 00:02:48.090 --> 00:02:52.090 possessed the mind of a mature man and the wisdom of elders. 00:02:52.090 --> 00:02:56.090 Whenever he finished his work and was alone with his thoughts, 00:02:56.090 --> 00:03:00.090 he would often reflect upon that pagan society 00:03:00.090 --> 00:03:05.090 that was steeped in corruption from head to toe. 00:03:05.090 --> 00:03:09.090 He was appalled by the dense ignorance and blind misguidance 00:03:09.090 --> 00:03:11.090 that had enveloped the life of the Arabs, 00:03:11.090 --> 00:03:14.090 of which he himself was one of the victims. 00:03:14.090 --> 00:03:19.090 He used to say to himself, "This dark night must surely come to an end." 00:03:19.090 --> 00:03:22.090 He wished for his life to be prolonged 00:03:22.090 --> 00:03:26.180 so that he might see with his own eyes the demise of darkness and the birth of light. 00:03:26.180 --> 00:03:29.180 Khabbab did not have to wait long, 00:03:29.180 --> 00:03:32.180 for word soon reached him that a ray of light 00:03:32.180 --> 00:03:36.180 had shone forth from the mouth of a youth from Banu Hashim, 00:03:36.180 --> 00:03:39.180 named Muhammad ibn 'Abdillah. 00:03:39.180 --> 00:03:41.180 So he went to him and listened to his message, 00:03:41.180 --> 00:03:45.250 and its radiance dazzled him and its light overwhelmed him. 00:03:45.250 --> 00:03:47.250 He extended his hand to the Prophet, 00:03:47.250 --> 00:03:50.250 testifying that there is no god but Allah 00:03:50.250 --> 00:03:53.250 and that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger. 00:03:53.250 --> 00:03:57.250 Thus he became the sixth person to embrace Islam on the face of the earth, 00:03:57.250 --> 00:04:03.379 to the extent that it was said a time passed when Khabbab represented one-sixth of Islam. 00:04:03.379 --> 00:04:06.379 Khabbab did not conceal his Islam from anyone, 00:04:06.379 --> 00:04:09.379 and news of his conversion soon reached Umm Anmar. 00:04:09.379 --> 00:04:12.379 She flew into a furious rage 00:04:12.379 --> 00:04:15.379 and gathered her brother, Siba' ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza, 00:04:15.379 --> 00:04:18.379 joined by a group of youths from the Khuza'ah tribe, 00:04:18.379 --> 00:04:21.379 and they all marched toward Khabbab. 00:04:21.379 --> 00:04:23.379 They found him busily engaged in his work. 00:04:23.379 --> 00:04:26.379 Siba' approached him and said, 00:04:26.379 --> 00:04:29.379 "We have received news about you that we could not believe." 00:04:29.379 --> 00:04:32.379 Khabbab asked, "And what is that?" 00:04:32.379 --> 00:04:37.379 Siba' said, "It is rumored that you have apostatized and followed the youth of Banu Hashim." 00:04:37.379 --> 00:04:40.439 Khabbab replied calmly, 00:04:40.439 --> 00:04:44.439 "I have not apostatized; rather, I have believed in Allah alone, without any partner, 00:04:44.439 --> 00:04:46.439 renounced your idols, 00:04:46.439 --> 00:04:50.439 and testified that Muhammad is the servant of Allah and His Messenger." 00:04:50.439 --> 00:04:54.439 No sooner had Khabbab's words struck the ears of Siba' and those with him 00:04:54.439 --> 00:04:58.439 than they set upon him, beating him with their hands, 00:04:58.439 --> 00:05:01.439 kicking him with their feet, 00:05:01.439 --> 00:05:06.439 and pelting him with whatever hammers and iron scraps they could reach, 00:05:06.439 --> 00:05:09.439 until he collapsed to the ground unconscious, 00:05:09.439 --> 00:05:12.439 bleeding profusely. 00:05:12.439 --> 00:05:18.439 The news of what transpired between Khabbab and his mistress spread through Makkah like wildfire, 00:05:18.439 --> 00:05:21.439 and the people were astonished by Khabbab's audacity. 00:05:21.439 --> 00:05:23.439 They had never heard before 00:05:23.439 --> 00:05:28.439 of anyone following Muhammad and standing among the people to declare his Islam 00:05:28.439 --> 00:05:31.439 with such openness and defiance. 00:05:31.439 --> 00:05:34.439 The elders of Quraysh were shaken by Khabbab's stance, 00:05:34.439 --> 00:05:39.439 for it had never crossed their minds that a blacksmith like Umm Anmar's slave— 00:05:39.439 --> 00:05:41.439 who had no clan to protect him 00:05:41.439 --> 00:05:44.439 and no tribal allegiance to defend or harbor him— 00:05:44.439 --> 00:05:48.439 would have the boldness to rebel against their authority, 00:05:48.439 --> 00:05:50.439 openly revile their gods, 00:05:50.439 --> 00:05:54.439 and mock the religion of their forefathers. 00:05:54.439 --> 00:05:58.439 They realized that this day would be followed by grave consequences. 00:05:58.439 --> 00:06:01.439 And Quraysh was not mistaken in its expectations, 00:06:01.439 --> 00:06:07.439 for Khabbab's boldness inspired many of his peers to proclaim their Islam, 00:06:07.439 --> 00:06:11.439 and they began openly declaring the word of truth, one after another. 00:06:11.439 --> 00:06:14.500 The leaders of Quraysh gathered at the Ka'bah, 00:06:14.500 --> 00:06:17.500 led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, 00:06:17.500 --> 00:06:19.500 al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah, 00:06:19.500 --> 00:06:21.500 and Abu Jahl ibn Hisham. 00:06:21.500 --> 00:06:23.500 They conferred regarding the affair of Muhammad, 00:06:23.500 --> 00:06:28.500 concluding that his matter was escalating day by day 00:06:28.500 --> 00:06:30.500 and hour by hour. 00:06:30.500 --> 00:06:34.660 So they resolved to eradicate the disease before it spread beyond control, 00:06:34.660 --> 00:06:39.660 deciding that every tribe should set upon its own followers of his, 00:06:39.660 --> 00:06:44.699 torturing them until they recanted their religion or died. 00:06:44.699 --> 00:06:50.699 The burden of torturing Khabbab fell upon Siba' ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza and his people. 00:06:50.699 --> 00:06:56.699 When the midday heat intensified and the sun's rays scorched the ground, 00:06:56.699 --> 00:06:58.699 they would take him out to the stony valley of Makkah, 00:06:58.699 --> 00:07:00.699 strip off his clothes, 00:07:00.699 --> 00:07:02.699 dress him in iron coats of armor, 00:07:02.699 --> 00:07:04.699 and deprive him of water. 00:07:04.699 --> 00:07:07.699 When exhaustion reached its absolute limit, 00:07:07.699 --> 00:07:09.699 they would come to him and ask, 00:07:09.699 --> 00:07:11.699 "What do you say about Muhammad?" 00:07:11.699 --> 00:07:15.699 He would reply, "He is the servant of Allah and His Messenger, 00:07:15.699 --> 00:07:17.699 who brought us the religion of guidance and truth 00:07:17.699 --> 00:07:20.699 to bring us out from darkness into light." 00:07:20.699 --> 00:07:23.699 Thereupon they would beat and punch him relentlessly, 00:07:23.699 --> 00:07:25.699 then say to him, 00:07:25.699 --> 00:07:27.699 "And what do you say about al-Lat and al-'Uzza?" 00:07:27.699 --> 00:07:31.699 He would say, "Two deaf, dumb idols 00:07:31.699 --> 00:07:34.699 that can neither harm nor benefit." 00:07:34.699 --> 00:07:37.699 So they would bring red-hot stones 00:07:37.699 --> 00:07:39.699 and press them against his back, 00:07:39.699 --> 00:07:43.699 holding them there until his own body fat melted to quench them. 00:07:43.699 --> 00:07:48.889 Umm Anmar was no less cruel to Khabbab than her brother Siba'. 00:07:48.889 --> 00:07:54.889 She saw the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passing by Khabbab's shop and speaking with him, 00:07:54.889 --> 00:07:57.889 which drove her to madness. 00:07:57.889 --> 00:08:00.889 She began coming to Khabbab day after day, 00:08:00.889 --> 00:08:03.889 taking a red-hot piece of iron from his furnace 00:08:03.889 --> 00:08:07.889 and placing it upon his head until his scalp smoked 00:08:07.889 --> 00:08:08.889 and he fell unconscious, 00:08:08.889 --> 00:08:12.889 while he continued to pray against her and her brother Siba'. 00:08:12.889 --> 00:08:16.019 When the Messenger, peace be upon him, gave permission 00:08:16.019 --> 00:08:19.019 to his Companions to migrate to Madinah, 00:08:19.019 --> 00:08:22.019 Khabbab prepared to depart. 00:08:22.019 --> 00:08:24.019 However, he did not leave Makkah 00:08:24.019 --> 00:08:29.019 until Allah answered his supplication against Umm Anmar. 00:08:29.019 --> 00:08:34.019 She was afflicted with a headache the likes of which had never been heard of in severity, 00:08:34.019 --> 00:08:39.019 causing her to howl from the intensity of the pain like a dog. 00:08:39.019 --> 00:08:43.019 Her sons sought medical treatment for her everywhere, 00:08:43.019 --> 00:08:48.019 but they were told that there was no cure for her pain 00:08:48.019 --> 00:08:51.019 except to regularly cauterize her head with fire. 00:08:51.019 --> 00:08:55.019 So she resorted to cauterizing her head with red-hot iron, 00:08:55.019 --> 00:09:00.110 enduring burning pain that made her forget the agony of her headache. 00:09:00.110 --> 00:09:04.110 In Madinah, under the care of the Ansar, Khabbab tasted the sweetness of rest 00:09:04.110 --> 00:09:07.110 of which he had been deprived for so long. 00:09:07.110 --> 00:09:12.110 His eyes were delighted by his proximity to his Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:09:12.110 --> 00:09:17.110 without anything to trouble him or disturb his peace. 00:09:17.110 --> 00:09:20.110 He fought alongside the noble Prophet at Badr, 00:09:20.110 --> 00:09:22.110 fighting under his banner, 00:09:22.110 --> 00:09:24.110 and marched with him to Uhud. 00:09:24.110 --> 00:09:28.110 There Allah delighted his eyes with the sight of Siba' ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza, 00:09:28.110 --> 00:09:30.110 the brother of Umm Anmar, 00:09:30.110 --> 00:09:33.110 meeting his death at the hands of the Lion of Allah, 00:09:33.110 --> 00:09:35.110 Hamzah ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib. 00:09:35.110 --> 00:09:37.139 His life was extended 00:09:37.139 --> 00:09:42.139 until he lived through the reigns of the four Rightly Guided Caliphs, 00:09:42.139 --> 00:09:46.139 living under their care, highly esteemed and renowned. 00:09:46.139 --> 00:09:50.399 One day during his caliphate, he visited 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, 00:09:50.399 --> 00:09:52.399 who elevated his seat 00:09:52.399 --> 00:09:55.399 and brought him very close, saying to him, 00:09:55.399 --> 00:09:59.399 "No one is more deserving of this assembly than you, except Bilal." 00:09:59.399 --> 00:10:03.460 Then he asked him about the worst torture he had endured at the hands of the polytheists, 00:10:03.460 --> 00:10:06.460 but Khabbab felt too shy to answer. 00:10:06.460 --> 00:10:10.460 When 'Umar insisted, Khabbab pulled his cloak back from his spine, 00:10:10.460 --> 00:10:12.460 and 'Umar recoiled in horror at what he saw, 00:10:12.460 --> 00:10:15.460 asking, "How did this happen?" 00:10:15.460 --> 00:10:17.460 Khabbab replied, 00:10:17.460 --> 00:10:21.460 "The polytheists lit a fire of firewood for me until it became glowing embers, 00:10:21.460 --> 00:10:24.460 then they stripped off my clothes 00:10:24.460 --> 00:10:26.460 and dragged me across it, 00:10:26.460 --> 00:10:29.460 until the flesh fell from my backbones, 00:10:29.460 --> 00:10:34.460 and nothing extinguished that fire except the fluid that oozed from my body." 00:10:34.460 --> 00:10:39.529 Khabbab became wealthy in the latter part of his life after a long period of poverty, 00:10:39.529 --> 00:10:43.529 acquiring gold and silver beyond what he had ever dreamed of. 00:10:43.529 --> 00:10:48.529 Yet he disposed of his wealth in a manner no one could imagine: 00:10:48.529 --> 00:10:52.529 he placed his dirhams and dinars in a known spot in his house, 00:10:52.529 --> 00:10:56.529 accessible to those in need among the poor and destitute. 00:10:56.529 --> 00:10:59.529 He did not tie it securely, 00:10:59.529 --> 00:11:01.529 nor did he lock it away, 00:11:01.529 --> 00:11:05.620 so they would come to his home and take whatever they wished, 00:11:05.620 --> 00:11:08.620 without asking or seeking permission. 00:11:08.620 --> 00:11:10.620 Even so, 00:11:10.620 --> 00:11:13.620 For he feared that he would be held to account for that wealth, 00:11:13.620 --> 00:11:15.620 and that he might be punished on its account. 00:11:15.620 --> 00:11:18.820 A group of his companions narrated, saying: 00:11:18.820 --> 00:11:21.820 "We entered upon Khabbab during the illness from which he died, 00:11:21.820 --> 00:11:26.820 and he said, 'There are eighty thousand dirhams in this spot. 00:11:26.820 --> 00:11:29.820 By Allah, I never tied its bag closed, 00:11:29.820 --> 00:11:32.820 nor did I ever turn away a beggar from it.' 00:11:32.820 --> 00:11:34.850 Then he wept. 00:11:34.850 --> 00:11:36.940 So they asked him, 'What makes you weep?' 00:11:36.940 --> 00:11:40.940 He replied, 'I weep because my companions have passed away 00:11:41.940 --> 00:11:45.940 without receiving any part of their reward in this world, 00:11:45.940 --> 00:11:47.940 whereas I have survived 00:11:47.940 --> 00:11:49.940 and received this wealth, 00:11:49.940 --> 00:11:54.039 which I fear may be the reward for those deeds of mine.'" 00:11:54.039 --> 00:11:57.039 And when Khabbab departed to the mercy of his Lord, 00:11:57.039 --> 00:12:03.039 the Commander of the Faithful, 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), stood at his grave 00:12:03.039 --> 00:12:06.039 and said: "May Allah have mercy on Khabbab. 00:12:06.039 --> 00:12:08.039 He embraced Islam willingly, 00:12:09.039 --> 00:12:11.039 emigrated obediently, 00:12:11.039 --> 00:12:13.039 and lived as a striver in the cause of Allah. 00:12:13.039 --> 00:12:18.639 And Allah will never cause the reward of those who do good to be lost." 00:12:18.639 --> 00:12:20.769 "May Allah have mercy on Khabbab. 00:12:20.769 --> 00:12:22.769 He embraced Islam willingly, 00:12:22.769 --> 00:12:24.769 emigrated obediently, 00:12:24.769 --> 00:12:27.769 and lived as a striver in the cause of Allah." 00:12:27.769 --> 00:12:31.950 — 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib.