WEBVTT 00:00:00.020 --> 00:00:03.180 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:04.019 --> 00:00:06.639 Treasures of the Prophetic Biography. 00:00:06.860 --> 00:00:11.500 The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. 00:00:11.679 --> 00:00:14.500 The sixth year of the Hijrah. 00:00:16.289 --> 00:00:18.570 When the Ahabish returned, 00:00:18.570 --> 00:00:20.609 a man from Quraysh stood up, 00:00:20.609 --> 00:00:22.989 named Mikraz ibn Hafs, 00:00:22.989 --> 00:00:25.730 and said, "Let me go to him." 00:00:25.920 --> 00:00:30.280 This demonstrates to us that Quraysh was fearful of war, 00:00:30.280 --> 00:00:32.920 and every so often they would send a man. 00:01:03.380 --> 00:01:05.920 "He has made your affair easy for you." 00:01:05.920 --> 00:01:09.680 This falls under taking good omens from good names. 00:01:09.680 --> 00:01:15.319 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) based the ease of the matter on two premises: 00:01:15.319 --> 00:01:19.379 the first was what he knew of Suhayl, 00:01:19.379 --> 00:01:23.379 and the second was the name "Suhayl," which is derived from ease (*suhulah*). 00:01:23.379 --> 00:01:28.310 Suhayl arrived and said to the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:01:28.310 --> 00:01:31.870 "Come, write a treaty between us and you." 00:01:32.219 --> 00:01:35.859 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) called for the scribe, 00:01:35.859 --> 00:01:38.180 who was 'Ali ibn Abi Talib. 00:01:38.180 --> 00:01:43.019 He said, "Write: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." 00:01:43.019 --> 00:01:47.819 Suhayl said, "As for 'the Most Gracious' (*Ar-Rahman*), I do not know what it is. 00:01:47.819 --> 00:01:52.739 Rather, write: 'In Your name, O Allah,' as you used to write." 00:01:52.739 --> 00:01:57.659 In some narrations, he said, "Write as your forefathers used to write." 00:01:57.659 --> 00:02:00.180 In some chains of transmission for this hadith, 00:02:00.219 --> 00:02:04.140 'Ali wrote: "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." 00:02:04.140 --> 00:02:07.780 Suhayl said, "Erase it!" The Muslims exclaimed, 00:02:07.780 --> 00:02:12.300 "By Allah, we will write nothing except: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful!" 00:02:12.300 --> 00:02:15.539 But the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:02:15.539 --> 00:02:18.180 "Write: In Your name, O Allah." 00:02:18.180 --> 00:02:21.659 Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:02:21.659 --> 00:02:25.819 "This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, has agreed upon." 00:02:25.819 --> 00:02:27.419 Suhayl said, 00:02:27.419 --> 00:02:33.759 "By Allah, if we knew that you were the Messenger of Allah, we would not have turned you away from the House, nor fought you. 00:02:34.240 --> 00:02:37.080 Rather, write: Muhammad ibn 'Abdillah." 00:02:37.819 --> 00:02:40.500 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:02:41.219 --> 00:02:44.919 "By Allah, I am indeed the Messenger of Allah, even if you disbelieve me. 00:02:45.539 --> 00:02:47.620 Write: Muhammad ibn 'Abdillah." 00:02:48.409 --> 00:02:50.210 'Ali ibn Abi Talib said, 00:02:50.650 --> 00:02:51.849 "I will not erase it." 00:02:52.530 --> 00:02:55.210 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:02:55.610 --> 00:02:56.409 "Erase it." 00:02:56.949 --> 00:02:57.669 He said, 00:02:58.030 --> 00:02:59.310 "I will not erase it." 00:02:59.949 --> 00:03:03.789 This was out of veneration for the Prophet's name (peace be upon him). 00:03:04.389 --> 00:03:05.550 In some narrations, 00:03:06.150 --> 00:03:09.150 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:03:09.590 --> 00:03:10.990 "Place my hand upon it," 00:03:11.550 --> 00:03:12.389 and he erased it himself, 00:03:12.669 --> 00:03:14.389 because he could not read. 00:03:15.180 --> 00:03:17.819 Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:03:18.419 --> 00:03:22.259 "On the condition that you leave us unhindered to access the House so that we may perform Tawaf around it." 00:03:22.900 --> 00:03:23.939 Suhayl replied, 00:03:24.439 --> 00:03:28.319 "By Allah, the Arabs shall never say that we were coerced into submission! 00:03:28.840 --> 00:03:31.319 Rather, that shall be for the coming year." 00:03:31.960 --> 00:03:32.680 He also said, 00:03:33.240 --> 00:03:37.400 "And on the condition that no man comes to you from us—even if he is upon your religion— 00:03:37.719 --> 00:03:39.599 except that you return him to us." 00:03:40.360 --> 00:03:41.599 The Muslims said, 00:03:42.000 --> 00:03:43.039 "Glory be to Allah! 00:03:43.599 --> 00:03:46.960 How can he be returned to the polytheists when he has come as a Muslim?" 00:03:47.719 --> 00:03:49.199 While they were in this state, 00:03:49.680 --> 00:03:52.319 Abu Jandal ibn Suhayl ibn 'Amr suddenly arrived, 00:03:52.740 --> 00:03:55.379 stumbling in his fetters, having accepted Islam. 00:03:55.900 --> 00:03:58.340 His father had bound him in his house. 00:03:59.150 --> 00:04:03.310 When his father saw him throw himself among the Muslims, 00:04:03.870 --> 00:04:04.909 Suhayl said, 00:04:05.509 --> 00:04:10.270 "This, O Muhammad, is the first person I hold you to, to return him to me." 00:04:11.150 --> 00:04:13.830 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:04:14.389 --> 00:04:16.670 "We have not finalized the written treaty yet." 00:04:17.350 --> 00:04:18.389 Suhayl said, 00:04:19.009 --> 00:04:22.730 "By Allah, then I will never agree to a treaty with you on anything at all!" 00:04:23.490 --> 00:04:26.129 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:04:26.649 --> 00:04:27.689 "Then grant him to me as an exception." 00:04:28.329 --> 00:04:29.329 Suhayl said, 00:04:29.850 --> 00:04:31.689 "I will not grant him to you." 00:04:32.680 --> 00:04:35.120 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:04:35.519 --> 00:04:36.759 "Nay, do so." 00:04:37.399 --> 00:04:37.899 Suhayl said, 00:04:38.319 --> 00:04:39.720 "I shall not." 00:04:40.519 --> 00:04:41.560 Mikraz said, 00:04:42.120 --> 00:04:43.920 "Nay, we grant him to you!" 00:04:44.720 --> 00:04:45.839 Abu Jandal cried out, 00:04:46.519 --> 00:04:48.000 "O assembly of Muslims! 00:04:48.500 --> 00:04:51.540 Am I to be returned to the polytheists when I have come as a Muslim?!" 00:04:52.339 --> 00:04:53.060 'Umar said, 00:04:53.779 --> 00:04:57.500 "I went to the Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him) and said, 00:04:58.180 --> 00:05:00.339 'Are you not truly the Prophet of Allah?' 00:05:00.980 --> 00:05:03.740 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to him, 00:05:04.259 --> 00:05:04.759 'Indeed I am.' 00:05:05.569 --> 00:05:06.069 I said, 00:05:06.610 --> 00:05:09.610 'Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?' 00:05:10.329 --> 00:05:11.129 He said, 'Indeed.' 00:05:11.850 --> 00:05:12.350 I said, 00:05:12.970 --> 00:05:15.810 'Why then should we yield to disgrace regarding our religion?' 00:05:16.689 --> 00:05:19.490 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied, 00:05:19.970 --> 00:05:21.370 'I am the Messenger of Allah, 00:05:22.009 --> 00:05:24.410 I will not disobey Him, and He is my Helper.' 00:05:25.129 --> 00:05:25.629 I said, 00:05:26.149 --> 00:05:30.449 'Did you not use to tell us that we would come to the House and perform Tawaf around it?' 00:05:31.170 --> 00:05:31.970 He said, 'Indeed, 00:05:32.529 --> 00:05:34.889 but did I inform you that we would come to it *this* year?' 00:05:35.529 --> 00:05:36.250 'Umar said, 00:05:36.649 --> 00:05:37.149 'No.' 00:05:37.879 --> 00:05:40.439 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:05:41.079 --> 00:05:43.800 'You shall surely come to it and perform Tawaf around it.' 00:05:44.620 --> 00:05:45.339 'Umar said, 00:05:46.000 --> 00:05:47.279 'So I went to Abu Bakr 00:05:48.040 --> 00:05:49.560 and said: O Abu Bakr, 00:05:50.160 --> 00:05:52.639 is this not truly the Prophet of Allah?' 00:05:53.279 --> 00:05:54.000 He said, 'Indeed.' 00:05:54.759 --> 00:05:55.259 I said, 00:05:55.759 --> 00:05:58.800 'Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?' 00:05:59.439 --> 00:06:00.199 He said, 'Indeed.' 00:06:00.920 --> 00:06:01.420 I said, 00:06:01.800 --> 00:06:04.199 'Why then should we yield to disgrace regarding our religion?' 00:06:04.959 --> 00:06:05.920 Abu Bakr said, 00:06:06.519 --> 00:06:07.480 'O man! 00:06:08.000 --> 00:06:11.480 He is indeed the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:06:12.120 --> 00:06:14.680 he will not disobey his Lord, and He is his Helper. 00:06:15.300 --> 00:06:16.660 So hold fast to his stirrup, 00:06:17.259 --> 00:06:19.019 for by Allah, he is upon the truth.' 00:06:20.240 --> 00:06:25.120 This demonstrates to us the exceptional wisdom of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:06:25.949 --> 00:06:26.670 'Umar said, 00:06:27.389 --> 00:06:31.430 'Did he not use to tell us that we would come to the House and perform Tawaf around it?' 00:06:32.189 --> 00:06:33.110 Abu Bakr said, 00:06:33.629 --> 00:06:34.129 'Indeed, 00:06:34.709 --> 00:06:37.069 but did he inform you that you would come to it *this* year?' 00:06:37.670 --> 00:06:38.430 I said, 'No.' 00:06:39.149 --> 00:06:39.649 He said, 00:06:40.230 --> 00:06:42.790 'You shall surely come to it and perform Tawaf around it.' 00:06:43.660 --> 00:06:44.379 'Umar said, 00:06:45.120 --> 00:06:47.120 'So I performed good deeds as an expiation for that outburst, 00:06:47.639 --> 00:06:49.879 continuing to fast and give charity ever since.'" 00:06:51.060 --> 00:06:53.300 When he finished concluding the written treaty, 00:06:53.939 --> 00:06:57.139 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to his Companions, 00:06:57.779 --> 00:06:59.939 "Stand up, slaughter your sacrifices, and shave your heads." 00:07:00.819 --> 00:07:03.500 This is known in Islamic jurisprudence (*fiqh*) as being prevented (*Ihsar*). 00:07:04.300 --> 00:07:05.819 When a person is prevented, 00:07:06.420 --> 00:07:08.540 they offer the sacrificial animal they have with them 00:07:09.139 --> 00:07:10.740 and exit their state of Ihram. 00:07:11.420 --> 00:07:13.420 This applies to whoever has brought a sacrificial animal with them, 00:07:14.079 --> 00:07:15.839 as Allah Almighty says: 00:07:16.360 --> 00:07:20.240 ﴿And complete the Hajj and 'Umrah for Allah. But if you are prevented, then [offer] whatever sacrificial animal is easy to obtain...﴾ [Al-Baqarah: 196] 00:07:20.720 --> 00:07:24.480 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:07:25.040 --> 00:07:29.879 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:07:30.439 --> 00:07:36.079 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:07:36.079 --> 00:07:40.920 ﴿...a ransom of fasting or charity or sacrifice...﴾ [Al-Baqarah: 196] 00:07:41.339 --> 00:07:46.259 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:07:46.259 --> 00:07:48.740 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:07:49.300 --> 00:07:54.259 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:07:54.259 --> 00:07:56.899 ﴿...and seven when you return.﴾ [Al-Baqarah: 196] 00:07:57.379 --> 00:08:00.019 ﴿That is ten complete [days].﴾ [Al-Baqarah: 196] 00:08:00.420 --> 00:08:05.899 “Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196) 00:08:05.899 --> 00:08:12.480 ﴿And fear Allah and know that Allah is severe in penalty.﴾ [Al-Baqarah: 196] 00:08:13.509 --> 00:08:15.750 By Allah, not a single man among them stood up, 00:08:16.189 --> 00:08:18.589 even though he repeated it three times. 00:08:19.310 --> 00:08:21.389 When none of them stood up, 00:08:21.910 --> 00:08:23.509 he entered upon Umm Salamah 00:08:23.990 --> 00:08:26.389 and mentioned to her what he had encountered from the people. 00:08:26.990 --> 00:08:30.430 She said, "O Prophet of Allah, would you like that? 00:08:31.069 --> 00:08:34.389 Go out and do not speak a single word to any of them 00:08:34.850 --> 00:08:36.450 until you slaughter your sacrificial camel, 00:08:36.850 --> 00:08:39.169 and call your barber to shave your head." 00:08:39.769 --> 00:08:42.610 The Prophet (peace be upon him) went out 00:08:43.009 --> 00:08:46.450 and did not speak to anyone among them until he had done so. 00:08:47.090 --> 00:08:48.450 When they saw that, 00:08:49.049 --> 00:08:50.330 they stood up, slaughtered their sacrifices, 00:08:50.570 --> 00:08:52.769 and began shaving one another's heads, 00:08:53.169 --> 00:08:56.690 to the point that they almost killed one another out of grief. 00:08:57.539 --> 00:09:01.779 We see here that the Prophet (peace be upon him) commanded the Companions, 00:09:02.179 --> 00:09:03.299 yet they did not carry it out. 00:09:03.799 --> 00:09:05.879 Is this considered disobedience? 00:09:06.480 --> 00:09:07.159 We say: 00:09:07.759 --> 00:09:11.360 They did not execute the command of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:09:11.840 --> 00:09:14.240 but why did they not execute his command? 00:09:14.840 --> 00:09:20.000 They were hoping that Allah, Blessed and Exalted, would send down His command to enter Mecca, 00:09:20.519 --> 00:09:24.200 or that the Prophet (peace be upon him) would change his mind 00:09:24.559 --> 00:09:26.039 and resolve to enter, 00:09:26.559 --> 00:09:30.039 because they were yearning to enter Mecca. 00:09:30.700 --> 00:09:35.019 However, Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) possessed great wisdom, 00:09:35.539 --> 00:09:38.299 and she understood that the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) 00:09:38.779 --> 00:09:42.179 had only hesitated due to these two reasons. 00:09:42.700 --> 00:09:45.419 So she advised him to slaughter and shave his head, 00:09:45.899 --> 00:09:48.620 and then observe what their reaction would be. 00:09:49.139 --> 00:09:51.940 He (peace be upon him) accepted her advice, 00:09:52.299 --> 00:09:53.580 so he slaughtered his sacrifice and shaved his head. 00:09:54.279 --> 00:09:56.080 When the Companions saw that, 00:09:56.519 --> 00:09:58.799 they slaughtered and shaved their heads without needing a further command. 00:09:59.559 --> 00:10:01.480 Then believing women came fleeing, 00:10:02.080 --> 00:10:04.480 so Allah, Blessed and Exalted, revealed: 00:10:05.350 --> 00:10:14.070 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:10:14.549 --> 00:10:17.710 ﴿Allah is most knowing as to their faith...﴾ [Al-Mumtahanah: 10] 00:10:18.029 --> 00:10:25.029 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:10:25.370 --> 00:10:30.610 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:10:30.970 --> 00:10:34.929 ﴿...and give their disbelieving husbands what they have spent.﴾ [Al-Mumtahanah: 10] 00:10:35.370 --> 00:10:43.330 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:10:43.889 --> 00:10:46.929 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:10:47.250 --> 00:10:52.529 ﴿And ask for what you have spent, and let them ask for what they have spent.﴾ [Al-Mumtahanah: 10] 00:10:52.909 --> 00:10:56.509 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:10:56.870 --> 00:11:00.029 ﴿And Allah is Knowing and Wise.﴾ [Al-Mumtahanah: 10] 00:11:00.789 --> 00:11:01.509 And His saying: 00:11:02.029 --> 00:11:04.070 ﴿...and give them what they have spent...﴾ 00:11:04.389 --> 00:11:05.269 means: from the dowry (*mahr*), 00:11:06.090 --> 00:11:08.889 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:11:09.450 --> 00:11:12.450 meaning after the annulment of the marriage contract and the completion of the waiting period (*'iddah*): 00:11:13.210 --> 00:11:15.889 ﴿...when you give them their due compensation...﴾ 00:11:16.330 --> 00:11:17.129 meaning the dowry. 00:11:17.919 --> 00:11:19.240 Then Almighty Allah said: 00:11:19.720 --> 00:11:22.000 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:11:22.500 --> 00:11:25.379 ﴿...and do not hold to marriage bonds with disbelieving women...﴾ [Al-Mumtahanah: 10] meaning: do not keep disbelieving women under your marital protection, 00:11:25.899 --> 00:11:30.019 just as a believing woman is not permitted to live with a disbeliever. 00:11:30.779 --> 00:11:32.139 Then Almighty Allah said: 00:11:32.700 --> 00:11:34.539 ﴿And ask for what you have spent,﴾ 00:11:35.139 --> 00:11:38.259 That is, just as you reimburse them for what they spent, 00:11:38.779 --> 00:11:43.700 likewise, you may demand back what you spent from the disbelieving women whose marriage ties you dissolve, 00:11:44.460 --> 00:11:46.539 and let them demand back what they spent. 00:11:47.059 --> 00:11:49.940 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:11:50.240 --> 00:11:52.240 And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. 00:11:53.100 --> 00:11:57.100 On that day, 'Umar divorced two wives he had married during the period of polytheism; 00:11:57.700 --> 00:12:01.100 Mu'awiyah Ibn Abi Sufyan married one of them, 00:12:01.500 --> 00:12:03.700 and Safwan Ibn Umayyah married the other. 00:12:04.379 --> 00:12:06.100 After the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah, 00:12:06.500 --> 00:12:08.700 Surat al-Fath was revealed in its entirety, 00:12:09.340 --> 00:12:13.100 and the scholars refer to the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah as a victory. 00:12:14.460 --> 00:12:16.139 Treasures of the Seerah: 00:12:19.809 --> 00:12:22.409 Terms of the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah: 00:12:24.899 --> 00:12:25.700 First: 00:12:26.100 --> 00:12:28.580 That the Muslims must return that year 00:12:28.779 --> 00:12:30.379 and not enter Mecca. 00:12:31.330 --> 00:12:32.129 Second: 00:12:32.730 --> 00:12:36.129 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and those with him 00:12:36.529 --> 00:12:39.929 shall perform 'Umrah the following year at the same time, 00:12:40.490 --> 00:12:43.929 remaining in Mecca for only three days. 00:12:44.830 --> 00:12:45.629 Third: 00:12:46.149 --> 00:12:49.230 They shall not enter Mecca except with the arms of a traveler— 00:12:49.629 --> 00:12:50.830 swords in their sheaths only. 00:12:51.669 --> 00:12:52.470 Fourth: 00:12:52.970 --> 00:12:57.970 Whoever comes to the Prophet, peace be upon him, from the Quraysh without the permission of his guardian, 00:12:58.370 --> 00:13:00.370 he must return him to them if they demand him; 00:13:00.970 --> 00:13:03.370 but whoever among the Muslims comes to the Quraysh, 00:13:03.669 --> 00:13:05.370 they shall not return him to the Muslims. 00:13:06.100 --> 00:13:06.980 Fifth: 00:13:07.500 --> 00:13:12.299 Whoever wishes to enter into a pact and treaty with the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:13:12.700 --> 00:13:15.100 may do so and will share in his conditions; 00:13:15.700 --> 00:13:19.100 and whoever wishes to enter into a pact and treaty with the Quraysh 00:13:19.500 --> 00:13:22.100 may do so and will share in their conditions. 00:13:22.600 --> 00:13:25.440 Thus, Banu Bakr aligned themselves with the Quraysh, 00:13:25.440 --> 00:13:30.149 while Khuza'ah aligned themselves with the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:13:30.149 --> 00:13:31.669 Sixth: 00:13:31.669 --> 00:13:37.549 That between the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Mecca there shall be an intact, covered chest— 00:13:37.549 --> 00:13:40.090 meaning a binding pact of mutual security. 00:13:40.090 --> 00:13:41.490 Seventh: 00:13:41.490 --> 00:13:44.889 That there shall be no secret hostility nor treachery. 00:13:44.889 --> 00:13:47.929 The meaning of the sixth and seventh conditions 00:13:47.929 --> 00:13:50.889 is that between us and them in this treaty, 00:13:51.049 --> 00:13:54.889 there is a shared commitment to honor what is in the document, 00:13:54.889 --> 00:13:58.500 free from malice, treachery, and deception. 00:13:58.500 --> 00:13:59.820 Eighth: 00:13:59.820 --> 00:14:03.870 War between them shall be suspended for ten years. 00:14:03.870 --> 00:14:09.059 Treasures of the Seerah: 00:14:09.059 --> 00:14:15.210 The divine wisdoms contained within the truce: 00:14:15.210 --> 00:14:21.889 This truce appeared on its surface to be unfavorable to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and those with him; 00:14:21.889 --> 00:14:24.490 however, that was not the reality. 00:14:24.610 --> 00:14:31.809 Ibn al-Qayyim, may Allah have mercy on him, stated regarding some of the divine wisdoms contained in this truce: 00:14:31.809 --> 00:14:38.529 "They are greater and more magnificent than can be encompassed by any save Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, Who decreed its causes, 00:14:38.529 --> 00:14:44.409 and the ultimate outcome transpired in the exact manner dictated by His wisdom, Glorified and Exalted is He. 00:14:44.409 --> 00:14:45.649 Among them: 00:14:45.649 --> 00:14:49.769 It served as a prelude to the Supreme Victory, 00:14:49.769 --> 00:14:53.490 through which Allah granted glory to His Messenger and His army, 00:14:53.490 --> 00:14:57.330 and by which people entered the religion of Allah in crowds. 00:14:57.330 --> 00:15:03.389 Thus, this truce was its portal, its key, and its harbinger. 00:15:03.389 --> 00:15:04.590 Among them: 00:15:04.590 --> 00:15:08.509 This truce was itself one of the greatest victories, 00:15:08.509 --> 00:15:11.509 for people felt secure with one another, 00:15:11.509 --> 00:15:14.309 Muslims mingled freely with the disbelievers, 00:15:14.309 --> 00:15:16.269 initiated the call to Islam among them, 00:15:16.269 --> 00:15:18.350 recited the Qur'an to them, 00:15:18.350 --> 00:15:22.309 and openly debated them on Islam in safety. 00:15:22.309 --> 00:15:25.669 Those who had kept their Islam concealed were able to manifest it, 00:15:25.669 --> 00:15:30.509 and whomever Allah willed to enter Islam did so during the period of the truce. 00:15:30.509 --> 00:15:34.309 Among the most prominent figures who embraced Islam during this period 00:15:34.309 --> 00:15:35.990 were Khalid Ibn al-Walid, 00:15:35.990 --> 00:15:37.429 'Amr Ibn al-'As, 00:15:37.429 --> 00:15:40.090 and other Companions. 00:15:40.090 --> 00:15:41.330 Among them: 00:15:41.330 --> 00:15:45.210 What Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, granted the believers 00:15:45.210 --> 00:15:47.169 of an increase in faith, 00:15:47.169 --> 00:15:51.330 submission, and compliance in matters they liked and disliked, 00:15:51.370 --> 00:15:56.330 as well as the contentment they achieved regarding Allah's decree, Blessed and Exalted is He, 00:15:56.330 --> 00:15:58.750 and their affirmation of His promise. 00:15:58.750 --> 00:16:00.029 Among them: 00:16:00.029 --> 00:16:02.549 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:16:02.549 --> 00:16:07.070 was able to devote himself fully to calling people to the religion of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He. 00:16:07.070 --> 00:16:11.029 He, peace be upon him, began sending his emissaries: 00:16:11.029 --> 00:16:13.669 he sent messages to Heraclius, the Roman Emperor, 00:16:13.669 --> 00:16:16.990 to the Negus, to the Muqawqis, 00:16:16.990 --> 00:16:20.029 and to other leaders of various tribes, 00:16:20.029 --> 00:16:22.590 calling them all to Islam."