WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyadh al-Salihin from the Sayings of the Master of Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:17.329 Chapter on Scattered Sayings and Adages. 00:00:17.329 --> 00:00:23.329 And from Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:00:23.329 --> 00:00:28.329 I witnessed with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on the day of Hunayn. 00:00:28.329 --> 00:00:36.329 So, I and Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib clung to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:36.329 --> 00:00:38.329 And we did not separate from him. 00:00:38.329 --> 00:00:43.329 And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was on his white mule. 00:00:43.329 --> 00:00:47.420 And when the Muslims and the polytheists met, 00:00:47.420 --> 00:00:50.420 the Muslims turned back in retreat. 00:00:50.420 --> 00:00:56.420 So, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, began to urge his mule towards the disbelievers. 00:00:56.420 --> 00:01:05.420 And I held the reins of the Messenger of Allah's mule, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, restraining it so it would not go too fast. 00:01:05.420 --> 00:01:11.420 And Abu Sufyan held the stirrup of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:11.420 --> 00:01:15.459 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:15.459 --> 00:01:17.459 O Abbas! 00:01:17.459 --> 00:01:19.549 Call out to the companions of the tree. 00:01:19.549 --> 00:01:23.549 Al-Abbas said: And he was a man with a strong voice. 00:01:23.549 --> 00:01:25.549 So, I called out with my loudest voice: 00:01:25.549 --> 00:01:28.549 Where are the companions of the tree? 00:01:28.549 --> 00:01:32.549 By Allah, it was as if they turned back when they heard my voice, 00:01:32.549 --> 00:01:36.549 like cows returning to their calves. 00:01:36.549 --> 00:01:40.549 They said: O, here we are, O, here we are! 00:01:40.549 --> 00:01:43.549 So, they fought, they and the disbelievers. 00:01:43.549 --> 00:01:46.549 And the call was among the Ansar, saying: 00:01:46.549 --> 00:01:48.549 O, assembly of the Ansar! 00:01:48.549 --> 00:01:51.579 O, assembly of the Ansar! 00:01:51.579 --> 00:01:55.579 Then the call was narrowed down to the sons of Harith ibn al-Khazraj. 00:01:55.579 --> 00:01:58.650 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, looked, 00:01:58.650 --> 00:02:00.650 while he was on his mule, 00:02:00.650 --> 00:02:04.650 as if stretching himself over it towards their fighting. 00:02:04.650 --> 00:02:08.650 He said: This is when the furnace of war has been stoked. 00:02:08.650 --> 00:02:13.650 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took some pebbles, 00:02:13.650 --> 00:02:16.650 and threw them at the faces of the disbelievers. 00:02:16.650 --> 00:02:18.650 Then he said: 00:02:18.650 --> 00:02:20.650 If they are defeated, by the Lord of Muhammad! 00:02:20.650 --> 00:02:22.650 So, I went to look, 00:02:22.650 --> 00:02:26.650 and the fighting was as it was, as far as I could see. 00:02:26.650 --> 00:02:30.650 By Allah, it was nothing more than when he threw the pebbles at them, 00:02:30.650 --> 00:02:33.650 and I kept seeing their might weakened, 00:02:33.650 --> 00:02:35.650 and their affair in retreat. 00:02:35.650 --> 00:02:37.740 Narrated by Muslim. 00:02:37.740 --> 00:02:41.250 Al-watīs: 00:02:41.250 --> 00:02:42.250 The oven. 00:02:42.250 --> 00:02:45.250 And the meaning is: the war intensified. 00:02:45.250 --> 00:02:48.250 Hiddahum: meaning their might. 00:02:48.250 --> 00:02:50.310 Yarkudhu baghlatahu: 00:02:50.310 --> 00:02:55.310 Meaning he strikes it with his noble leg on its flank to make it speed up. 00:02:55.439 --> 00:02:56.439 Qabla: 00:02:56.439 --> 00:02:58.539 Meaning towards the direction of. 00:02:58.539 --> 00:02:59.539 Akuffuha: 00:02:59.539 --> 00:03:01.629 Meaning I prevent it. 00:03:01.629 --> 00:03:03.629 Ashab al-shajarah: 00:03:03.629 --> 00:03:05.629 Meaning the companions of the Pledge of Ridwan. 00:03:05.629 --> 00:03:08.699 And it was under a tree. 00:03:08.699 --> 00:03:09.699 Rajulun sayyitun: 00:03:09.699 --> 00:03:12.699 Meaning a man with a strong, loud voice. 00:03:12.699 --> 00:03:14.789 'Atfatuhum: 00:03:14.789 --> 00:03:16.789 Meaning their turning back and returning. 00:03:16.789 --> 00:03:19.789 'Atfat al-baqar 'ala awladiha: 00:03:19.789 --> 00:03:25.789 A simile for the speed of their return and their gathering around the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:03:25.789 --> 00:03:28.789 like a cow returning to its calves. 00:03:28.789 --> 00:03:31.020 Kalilan: 00:03:31.020 --> 00:03:33.020 Meaning weakened. 00:03:33.020 --> 00:03:35.909 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:35.909 --> 00:03:41.099 A reminder of the courage of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:03:41.099 --> 00:03:43.099 and his boldness in battles. 00:03:43.099 --> 00:03:48.550 Clarification of the compassion of relatives for each other during hardships, 00:03:48.550 --> 00:03:54.550 as Al-Abbas held the reins of the Messenger of Allah's mule, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:03:54.550 --> 00:03:59.129 and Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith held his stirrup. 00:03:59.129 --> 00:04:04.129 Clarification of the speed of the Muslims' return to the truth when reminded of it. 00:04:04.129 --> 00:04:07.610 The Muslims did not retreat far, 00:04:07.610 --> 00:04:10.610 because their return was swift. 00:04:10.610 --> 00:04:15.120 A miracle of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:04:15.120 --> 00:04:21.120 as it is not within human power to throw pebbles to all of their eyes. 00:04:21.120 --> 00:04:25.120 Nor can his noble hand encompass so many pebbles. 00:04:25.120 --> 00:04:29.660 True strength is not in numbers, 00:04:29.660 --> 00:04:32.660 but in faith in Allah the Almighty, 00:04:32.660 --> 00:04:35.660 and intense reliance upon Him. 00:04:35.660 --> 00:04:40.720 And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:04:40.720 --> 00:04:44.720 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:04:44.720 --> 00:04:46.720 O people! 00:04:46.720 --> 00:04:50.720 Indeed, Allah is pure and accepts only that which is pure. 00:04:50.720 --> 00:04:55.750 And indeed, Allah has commanded the believers with what He commanded the messengers. 00:04:55.750 --> 00:04:57.750 And He, the Almighty, said: 00:04:57.750 --> 00:05:02.819 “O ye messengers! Eat of the good things, and do right. Lo! I am Aware of what ye do.” (23:51) 00:05:02.819 --> 00:05:05.850 And He, the Almighty, said: 00:05:05.850 --> 00:05:11.850 “O ye who believe! Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you, and render thanks to Allah if it is (indeed) He Whom ye worship.” (2:172) 00:05:11.850 --> 00:05:15.139 Then he mentioned a man who travels long distances, 00:05:15.139 --> 00:05:17.139 disheveled and dusty, 00:05:17.139 --> 00:05:20.139 stretching his hands to the sky, 00:05:20.139 --> 00:05:23.139 "O Lord, O Lord!" 00:05:23.139 --> 00:05:25.139 While his food is unlawful, 00:05:25.139 --> 00:05:27.139 and his drink is unlawful, 00:05:27.139 --> 00:05:29.139 and his clothing is unlawful, 00:05:29.139 --> 00:05:32.139 and he has been nourished with the unlawful. 00:05:32.139 --> 00:05:35.139 How can he be answered? 00:05:35.139 --> 00:05:37.550 Narrated by Muslim. 00:05:37.550 --> 00:05:40.420 Innallaha tayyibun: 00:05:41.420 --> 00:05:47.420 Meaning Allah the Almighty is pure, transcendent from all imperfections and flaws. 00:05:47.420 --> 00:05:50.639 La yaqbalu illa tayyiban: 00:05:50.639 --> 00:05:55.639 Meaning He does not accept from charities except what is lawful and pure, 00:05:55.639 --> 00:06:00.639 and from deeds except what is sincere and correct. 00:06:00.639 --> 00:06:02.930 Ash'ath: 00:06:02.930 --> 00:06:04.930 Meaning his hair is scattered. 00:06:04.930 --> 00:06:06.930 Aghbar: 00:06:06.930 --> 00:06:08.930 Meaning his face is dusty. 00:06:08.930 --> 00:06:12.279 Fa'anna yustajabu lidhalik: 00:06:12.279 --> 00:06:16.279 Meaning how can the supplication of that man be answered? 00:06:16.279 --> 00:06:20.300 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:20.300 --> 00:06:24.459 The attributes of Allah, Glorified and Exalted, are attributes of perfection, 00:06:24.459 --> 00:06:27.459 transcendent from all imperfection and flaw. 00:06:27.459 --> 00:06:31.939 Encouragement to spend from lawful wealth. 00:06:31.939 --> 00:06:39.259 It is obligatory for a believer that his food, drink, and clothing be lawful and pure, 00:06:39.259 --> 00:06:41.259 with no doubt therein. 00:06:41.259 --> 00:06:45.939 Prophets and believers are equal in the rulings of religion, 00:06:45.939 --> 00:06:49.939 except for what is specific to the messengers, 00:06:49.939 --> 00:06:52.939 and that is exempted by a specific proof. 00:06:52.939 --> 00:06:58.509 All pure things from sustenance are permissible for believers. 00:06:58.740 --> 00:07:03.740 Among the impediments to the acceptance of supplication is consuming unlawful wealth. 00:07:03.740 --> 00:07:08.790 And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:07:08.790 --> 00:07:12.790 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:12.790 --> 00:07:18.790 “Lo! those who hide aught of the Scripture which Allah hath revealed and purchase a small gain therewith, they eat into their bellies nothing else than fire. Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow. Theirs will be a painful doom.” (2:174) 00:07:18.790 --> 00:07:22.790 And Allah will not look at them, and for them is a painful punishment. 00:07:22.790 --> 00:07:29.790 An old man who commits adultery, a king who lies, and a poor man who is arrogant. 00:07:29.790 --> 00:07:31.980 Narrated by Muslim. 00:07:31.980 --> 00:07:35.180 Al-'a'il: meaning the poor person. 00:07:35.180 --> 00:07:39.720 And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:07:39.720 --> 00:07:43.720 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:43.720 --> 00:07:48.720 Sayhan, Jayhan, the Euphrates, and the Nile. 00:07:48.720 --> 00:07:51.939 All are rivers of Paradise. 00:07:51.939 --> 00:07:53.939 Narrated by Muslim. 00:07:53.939 --> 00:08:00.000 Sayhan and Jayhan are two rivers in the land of Armenia, 00:08:00.000 --> 00:08:03.319 and they are very large. 00:08:04.319 --> 00:08:07.319 A river that separates between Sham and Al-Jazirah. 00:08:07.319 --> 00:08:12.500 The Nile is the river of Egypt. 00:08:12.500 --> 00:08:14.500 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:14.500 --> 00:08:17.790 This hadith is taken at its apparent meaning, 00:08:17.790 --> 00:08:20.790 and therefore the matter is as it is. 00:08:20.790 --> 00:08:24.790 And Allah knows best His secrets in His creation. 00:08:24.790 --> 00:08:29.240 Paradise is created and exists now. 00:08:29.240 --> 00:08:34.200 These rivers are blessed and auspicious. 00:08:34.200 --> 00:08:40.200 A prophetic indication that faith will encompass the land through which they flow, 00:08:40.200 --> 00:08:44.100 and most of its people will embrace Islam. 00:08:44.100 --> 00:08:48.100 And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:08:48.100 --> 00:08:53.190 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took my hand and said: 00:08:53.190 --> 00:08:56.190 Allah created the earth on Saturday. 00:08:56.190 --> 00:09:00.190 And He created the mountains in it on Sunday. 00:09:00.190 --> 00:09:03.190 And He created the trees on Monday. 00:09:03.190 --> 00:09:06.190 And He created the disliked things on Tuesday. 00:09:06.190 --> 00:09:09.190 And He created the light on Wednesday. 00:09:09.190 --> 00:09:13.190 And He spread the creatures in it on Thursday. 00:09:13.190 --> 00:09:16.190 And He created Adam, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:09:16.190 --> 00:09:19.190 after the afternoon on Friday, 00:09:19.190 --> 00:09:21.190 in the last of creation, 00:09:21.190 --> 00:09:24.190 in the last hour of the day, 00:09:24.190 --> 00:09:27.509 between the afternoon and night. 00:09:27.509 --> 00:09:30.570 Narrated by Muslim. 00:09:30.570 --> 00:09:32.860 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:09:32.860 --> 00:09:35.860 An indication of the good way to capture the listener's attention, 00:09:35.860 --> 00:09:37.860 so that they understand the speech, 00:09:37.860 --> 00:09:39.860 by taking their hand, 00:09:39.860 --> 00:09:41.860 or something similar. 00:09:41.860 --> 00:09:44.340 The desirability of deliberation, 00:09:44.340 --> 00:09:46.340 and not rushing in matters, 00:09:46.340 --> 00:09:48.340 because Allah, Glorified and Exalted, 00:09:48.340 --> 00:09:52.340 is capable of creating these creatures with a word, 00:09:52.340 --> 00:09:55.340 but wisdom is profound, 00:09:55.340 --> 00:09:58.820 as He created them gradually. 00:09:58.820 --> 00:10:00.820 There is no contradiction between the Qur'an 00:10:00.820 --> 00:10:02.820 and this hadith. 00:10:02.820 --> 00:10:05.820 The seven days in the hadith 00:10:05.820 --> 00:10:08.820 are different from the six days in the Qur'an. 00:10:08.820 --> 00:10:10.820 And this hadith 00:10:10.820 --> 00:10:12.820 speaks of some of the details 00:10:12.820 --> 00:10:15.850 that Allah has enacted upon the earth. 00:10:15.850 --> 00:10:17.850 So, it adds to the Qur'an 00:10:17.850 --> 00:10:19.850 and does not contradict it. 00:10:19.850 --> 00:10:22.940 And from Abu Sulayman, 00:10:22.940 --> 00:10:25.940 Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:10:25.940 --> 00:10:27.940 My swords broke in my hand 00:10:27.940 --> 00:10:30.940 on the day of Mu'tah, nine swords, 00:10:30.940 --> 00:10:32.940 and nothing remained in my hand 00:10:32.940 --> 00:10:36.059 except a Yamani sword. 00:10:36.059 --> 00:10:38.059 Narrated by Bukhari. 00:10:38.059 --> 00:10:41.929 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:41.929 --> 00:10:44.929 The courage of Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:10:44.929 --> 00:10:46.929 and the strength of his might, 00:10:46.929 --> 00:10:49.929 and his steadfastness in the thick of battles. 00:10:49.929 --> 00:10:53.929 That is why the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, nicknamed him 00:10:53.929 --> 00:10:57.309 "The unsheathed sword of Allah." 00:10:57.309 --> 00:11:00.309 The steadfastness of the Muslims on the battlefields, 00:11:00.309 --> 00:11:03.309 because they await one of two good things: 00:11:03.309 --> 00:11:05.309 victory or martyrdom. 00:11:05.309 --> 00:11:09.759 The great number of killings of the Romans in the Battle of Mu'tah, 00:11:09.759 --> 00:11:13.759 otherwise, how could nine swords have been broken in Khalid's hand? 00:11:13.759 --> 00:11:15.759 Nine swords. 00:11:15.759 --> 00:11:19.850 And from 'Amr ibn al-'As, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:11:19.850 --> 00:11:24.850 that he heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:11:24.850 --> 00:11:26.909 If a judge rules, 00:11:26.909 --> 00:11:28.909 and exerts his effort, and then is correct, 00:11:28.909 --> 00:11:30.909 he has two rewards. 00:11:30.909 --> 00:11:33.909 And if he rules and exerts his effort and errs, 00:11:33.909 --> 00:11:35.909 then he has a reward. 00:11:35.909 --> 00:11:38.039 Agreed upon. 00:11:38.039 --> 00:11:42.000 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:42.000 --> 00:11:44.289 Clarification of the permissibility of ijtihad (independent legal reasoning). 00:11:44.289 --> 00:11:47.289 From those who were qualified for it. 00:11:47.289 --> 00:11:51.289 And the issue was one where ijtihad was permissible. 00:11:51.289 --> 00:11:54.860 Every mujtahid has a share of the reward. 00:11:54.860 --> 00:11:57.860 And not every mujtahid is correct. 00:11:57.860 --> 00:12:02.860 Because the hadith affirmed that error and correctness can occur for the mujtahid. 00:12:02.860 --> 00:12:03.860 And despite that, 00:12:03.860 --> 00:12:06.860 it affirmed two rewards for the one who is correct, 00:12:06.860 --> 00:12:08.860 and one reward for the one who errs. 00:12:08.860 --> 00:12:12.379 An error in judgment, while striving for the truth, 00:12:12.379 --> 00:12:16.379 does not incur sin for its holder, if they are qualified. 00:12:16.379 --> 00:12:22.379 Rather, they have a reward for their striving and their exertion in reaching the truth. 00:12:22.379 --> 00:12:26.559 And from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:12:26.559 --> 00:12:30.559 that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:12:30.559 --> 00:12:33.559 "Fever is from the fiery blast of Hell." 00:12:33.559 --> 00:12:36.559 "So cool it with water." 00:12:36.559 --> 00:12:38.690 Agreed upon. 00:12:38.690 --> 00:12:41.580 Fiery blast of Hell. 00:12:41.580 --> 00:12:44.580 Meaning its intense heat and boiling. 00:12:44.580 --> 00:12:48.379 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:48.379 --> 00:12:52.610 Clarification that fever is from the intense heat of Hell. 00:12:52.610 --> 00:12:55.610 And therefore, when it afflicts a believer, 00:12:55.610 --> 00:12:58.610 it is their portion of the Fire. 00:12:58.610 --> 00:13:03.179 The recommendation to place cool water on the face of the feverish person 00:13:04.179 --> 00:13:06.179 and their limbs for treatment. 00:13:06.179 --> 00:13:11.179 And this medicine is from divine revelation. 00:13:11.179 --> 00:13:14.179 And from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:13:14.179 --> 00:13:18.240 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:13:18.240 --> 00:13:21.240 "Whoever dies while owing fasts," 00:13:21.240 --> 00:13:23.429 "his guardian shall fast on his behalf." 00:13:23.429 --> 00:13:26.710 Agreed upon. 00:13:26.710 --> 00:13:29.710 And the preferred view is the permissibility of fasting 00:13:29.710 --> 00:13:31.710 on behalf of one who dies while owing fasts, 00:13:31.710 --> 00:13:33.740 due to this hadith. 00:13:33.740 --> 00:13:35.740 And what is meant by the guardian 00:13:35.740 --> 00:13:36.740 is the relative, 00:13:36.740 --> 00:13:39.740 whether an heir or not. 00:13:40.870 --> 00:13:43.870 Riyadh al-Salihin.