1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,480 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,480 --> 00:00:06,440 Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,440 --> 00:00:09,640 for Humanities Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,640 --> 00:00:11,939 presents: 5 00:00:11,939 --> 00:00:16,239 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:16,239 --> 00:00:20,620 "Chapter: Performing Ghusl upon Embracing Islam, 7 00:00:20,620 --> 00:00:23,620 and Tethering a Captive in the Mosque." 8 00:00:23,620 --> 00:00:28,449 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 9 00:00:28,449 --> 00:00:33,520 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) dispatched a cavalry detachment toward Najd, 10 00:00:34,020 --> 00:00:37,020 and they brought back a man from the Banu Hanifah 11 00:00:37,020 --> 00:00:40,020 named Thumamah ibn Uthal. 12 00:00:40,020 --> 00:00:44,020 They tied him to one of the pillars of the Mosque, 13 00:00:44,020 --> 00:00:48,079 and the Prophet (peace be upon him) came out to him 14 00:00:48,079 --> 00:00:52,079 and asked, "What do you have to say for yourself, Thumamah?" 15 00:00:52,079 --> 00:00:56,140 He replied, "I have good expectations, O Muhammad. 16 00:00:56,140 --> 00:01:00,140 If you kill me, you kill a person of noble blood; 17 00:01:00,640 --> 00:01:04,140 and if you show favor, you show favor to an appreciative man. 18 00:01:04,140 --> 00:01:06,640 But if you desire wealth, 19 00:01:06,640 --> 00:01:09,140 then ask of it whatever you wish." 20 00:01:09,140 --> 00:01:12,640 He was left until the following day, 21 00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:16,640 when the Prophet asked him again, "What do you have to say for yourself, Thumamah?" 22 00:01:16,640 --> 00:01:19,709 He replied, "Only what I already told you: 23 00:01:19,709 --> 00:01:23,340 if you show favor, you show favor to an appreciative man." 24 00:01:23,340 --> 00:01:26,840 So he left him until the day after that, 25 00:01:27,340 --> 00:01:30,840 and again asked, "What do you have to say for yourself, Thumamah?" 26 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:34,459 He replied, "I have only what I already told you." 27 00:01:34,459 --> 00:01:38,060 The Prophet then said, "Release Thumamah." 28 00:01:38,060 --> 00:01:41,560 So he went to an enclosure with water near the Mosque, 29 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:45,060 performed ghusl, and then entered the Mosque, 30 00:01:45,060 --> 00:01:50,060 declaring, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, 31 00:01:50,060 --> 00:01:53,689 and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 32 00:01:53,689 --> 00:01:55,689 O Muhammad! 33 00:01:55,689 --> 00:01:58,689 By Allah, there was no face on the face of the earth 34 00:01:58,689 --> 00:02:01,689 more hateful to me than your face, 35 00:02:01,689 --> 00:02:05,939 but your face has now become the dearest of all faces to me! 36 00:02:05,939 --> 00:02:10,939 By Allah, there was no religion more hateful to me than your religion, 37 00:02:10,939 --> 00:02:14,939 but your religion has now become the dearest of all religions to me! 38 00:02:14,939 --> 00:02:19,939 By Allah, there was no land more hateful to me than your land, 39 00:02:19,939 --> 00:02:24,069 but your land has now become the dearest of all lands to me! 40 00:02:24,069 --> 00:02:27,509 Your horsemen captured me while I was intending to perform 'Umrah; 41 00:02:28,050 --> 00:02:29,330 so what do you advise?" 42 00:02:30,180 --> 00:02:33,759 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave him glad tidings 43 00:02:34,280 --> 00:02:36,159 and instructed him to perform 'Umrah. 44 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:38,599 When he arrived in Mecca, 45 00:02:39,240 --> 00:02:40,680 someone said to him, 46 00:02:41,159 --> 00:02:41,919 "Have you turned apostate?" 47 00:02:42,520 --> 00:02:43,400 He replied, "No! 48 00:02:44,000 --> 00:02:49,400 Rather, I have embraced Islam alongside Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 49 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:51,120 And no, by Allah! 50 00:02:51,599 --> 00:02:54,879 Not a single grain of wheat shall come to you from al-Yamamah 51 00:02:55,280 --> 00:02:59,639 until the Prophet (peace be upon him) gives permission for it." 52 00:03:00,780 --> 00:03:03,020 Commentary on the hadith: 53 00:03:04,199 --> 00:03:05,000 "A cavalry detachment" (khaylan): 54 00:03:05,439 --> 00:03:06,719 meaning horsemen, 55 00:03:07,199 --> 00:03:09,280 and they numbered thirty riders, 56 00:03:09,719 --> 00:03:13,280 under the command of Muhammad ibn Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him). 57 00:03:13,949 --> 00:03:14,870 "Toward Najd" (qibala Najd): 58 00:03:15,270 --> 00:03:16,389 meaning in the direction of Najd, 59 00:03:16,949 --> 00:03:19,229 and Najd is a region in the Arabian Peninsula. 60 00:03:20,099 --> 00:03:20,979 "And they brought back": 61 00:03:21,419 --> 00:03:24,259 meaning they returned after nineteen nights. 62 00:03:25,039 --> 00:03:25,919 "To one of the pillars" (bi-sariyah): 63 00:03:26,319 --> 00:03:27,360 meaning a column. 64 00:03:28,139 --> 00:03:29,300 "I have good expectations": 65 00:03:29,780 --> 00:03:31,780 meaning: you are not one to commit injustice; 66 00:03:32,139 --> 00:03:34,340 rather, you pardon and treat people kindly. 67 00:03:35,139 --> 00:03:37,580 "If you kill me, you kill a person of noble blood" (dha dam): 68 00:03:38,060 --> 00:03:40,419 meaning a person of status whose blood would be avenged. 69 00:03:41,259 --> 00:03:43,819 "And if you show favor, you show favor to an appreciative man": 70 00:03:44,500 --> 00:03:46,259 meaning: if you treat me kindly by pardoning me, 71 00:03:46,620 --> 00:03:48,539 then pardoning is among the traits of the noble, 72 00:03:48,900 --> 00:03:50,699 and your favor will not be wasted, 73 00:03:51,259 --> 00:03:56,699 for you will have bestowed it upon a noble man who remembers kindness and never forgets a good deed. 74 00:03:57,629 --> 00:03:59,469 "But if you desire wealth": 75 00:03:59,870 --> 00:04:00,949 meaning a ransom. 76 00:04:01,849 --> 00:04:03,169 "Release Thumamah": 77 00:04:03,689 --> 00:04:06,409 meaning untie his bonds and let him go. 78 00:04:07,259 --> 00:04:08,180 "To an enclosure with water" (ila najl): 79 00:04:08,740 --> 00:04:11,419 al-najl refers to spring water welling up from the earth. 80 00:04:12,580 --> 00:04:16,180 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave him glad tidings": 81 00:04:16,779 --> 00:04:19,060 meaning of the good of this worldly life and the Hereafter. 82 00:04:19,879 --> 00:04:20,680 "Have you turned apostate?" (sabawta): 83 00:04:21,160 --> 00:04:24,079 meaning: have you abandoned your religion for another? 84 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:25,839 "From al-Yamamah": 85 00:04:26,439 --> 00:04:28,800 al-Yamamah is a locality within Najd. 86 00:04:30,029 --> 00:04:32,389 Lessons derived from the hadith: 87 00:04:33,899 --> 00:04:35,459 From this hadith, we learn: 88 00:04:36,019 --> 00:04:39,139 Guidance toward treating people in accordance with their social status; 89 00:04:39,860 --> 00:04:45,180 An illustration of the Prophet's profound mercy toward creation; 90 00:04:45,889 --> 00:04:48,810 The permissibility of a non-Muslim entering the mosque; 91 00:04:49,569 --> 00:04:52,410 The recommendation of gentleness and clemency toward captives; 92 00:04:53,050 --> 00:04:55,649 That the ruler, regarding a rational adult captive, has the prerogative of: 93 00:04:56,170 --> 00:04:58,009 executing him, enslaving him, 94 00:04:58,490 --> 00:05:00,529 releasing him unconditionally as an act of grace, 95 00:05:00,930 --> 00:05:01,930 or setting him free for a ransom; 96 00:05:02,670 --> 00:05:06,110 The legitimacy of performing ghusl upon embracing Islam, 97 00:05:06,629 --> 00:05:08,269 though scholars differ as to whether it is obligatory; 98 00:05:09,199 --> 00:05:13,160 Guidance toward adopting excellence (ihsan) in dealing with people, 99 00:05:13,829 --> 00:05:17,550 for kindness erases enmity and solidifies love; 100 00:05:18,269 --> 00:05:22,149 And the permissibility of imposing economic sanctions for the public interest, 101 00:05:22,670 --> 00:05:27,829 provided that the boycott bears fruit without harming Muslims. 102 00:05:30,759 --> 00:05:34,439 "Chapter: Pitching a Tent in the Mosque for the Sick and Others." 103 00:05:36,060 --> 00:05:38,939 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 104 00:05:39,620 --> 00:05:41,860 Sa'd was wounded on the Day of the Trench. 105 00:05:42,459 --> 00:05:44,500 A man from Quraysh shot him, 106 00:05:44,980 --> 00:05:47,500 a man named Hibban ibn al-'Ariqah, 107 00:05:48,180 --> 00:05:49,620 striking him in the medial vein. 108 00:05:50,519 --> 00:05:56,680 So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) pitched a tent in the Mosque so he could visit him from close by. 109 00:05:57,649 --> 00:06:02,089 When the Messenger of Allah returned from the Trench, 110 00:06:02,730 --> 00:06:04,769 he laid down his arms and performed ghusl. 111 00:06:05,589 --> 00:06:07,910 Then Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him, 112 00:06:08,230 --> 00:06:10,629 shaking dust from his head, 113 00:06:11,310 --> 00:06:12,029 and said, 114 00:06:12,629 --> 00:06:14,029 "Have you laid down your weapons? 115 00:06:14,629 --> 00:06:16,310 By Allah, I have not laid them down! 116 00:06:16,949 --> 00:06:18,350 March out against them!" 117 00:06:19,069 --> 00:06:21,750 The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked, 118 00:06:22,389 --> 00:06:23,110 "To where?" 119 00:06:23,750 --> 00:06:25,870 Gabriel pointed toward Banu Qurayzah. 120 00:06:26,689 --> 00:06:30,290 So the Messenger of Allah set out against them, 121 00:06:30,850 --> 00:06:32,449 and they eventually surrendered to his judgment, 122 00:06:33,199 --> 00:06:35,160 but he referred the verdict to Sa'd. 123 00:06:35,990 --> 00:06:36,589 Sa'd said, 124 00:06:37,189 --> 00:06:38,910 "I rule concerning them 125 00:06:39,389 --> 00:06:41,110 that the combatants be killed, 126 00:06:41,709 --> 00:06:44,189 the women and children taken captive, 127 00:06:44,829 --> 00:06:46,949 and their properties distributed." 128 00:06:47,860 --> 00:06:48,980 And on the authority of 'A'ishah: 129 00:06:49,459 --> 00:06:50,939 Sa'd supplicated, 130 00:06:51,740 --> 00:06:57,699 "O Allah, You know that there is no one against whom I would love to fight in Your cause 131 00:06:58,259 --> 00:07:03,259 more than a people who denied Your Messenger (peace be upon him) and drove him out. 132 00:07:04,100 --> 00:07:09,740 O Allah, I think You have brought an end to the war between us and them; 133 00:07:10,560 --> 00:07:13,399 but if anything remains of war against Quraysh, 134 00:07:13,879 --> 00:07:17,079 then keep me alive for it so that I may fight them in Your cause. 135 00:07:17,910 --> 00:07:19,870 Yet if You have ended the war, 136 00:07:20,310 --> 00:07:23,430 then cause my wound to burst open and let my death be through it." 137 00:07:24,139 --> 00:07:26,139 Thereupon, it burst open at his upper chest. 138 00:07:26,779 --> 00:07:28,019 Nothing alarmed those 139 00:07:28,379 --> 00:07:31,339 in the neighboring tent belonging to the Banu Ghifar 140 00:07:31,819 --> 00:07:34,060 except blood flowing toward them. 141 00:07:34,660 --> 00:07:35,500 They cried out, 142 00:07:36,019 --> 00:07:37,379 "O people of the tent! 143 00:07:37,860 --> 00:07:41,019 What is this flowing to us from your direction?" 144 00:07:41,699 --> 00:07:44,860 And behold, Sa'd's wound was profusely bleeding; 145 00:07:45,579 --> 00:07:48,100 and he passed away from it (may Allah be pleased with him). 146 00:07:52,910 --> 00:07:53,949 "Sa'd was wounded": 147 00:07:54,470 --> 00:07:56,709 meaning Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him). 148 00:07:57,560 --> 00:07:58,480 "In the medial vein" (al-akhal): 149 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:01,639 al-akhal is a major vein in the middle of the arm, 150 00:08:02,160 --> 00:08:04,040 often described as the life vein. 151 00:08:04,920 --> 00:08:08,319 "The Prophet pitched a tent": 152 00:08:08,920 --> 00:08:13,800 meaning he erected a tent and secured it with stakes driven into the ground, 153 00:08:14,600 --> 00:08:15,600 "so he could visit him" (li-ya'udahu): 154 00:08:16,160 --> 00:08:18,519 'iyadah means visiting the sick, 155 00:08:19,389 --> 00:08:20,310 "from close by": 156 00:08:20,910 --> 00:08:23,310 meaning to make visiting him easier and proximate. 157 00:08:24,100 --> 00:08:25,220 "He laid down his arms": 158 00:08:25,740 --> 00:08:27,019 meaning he took off his weapons, 159 00:08:27,339 --> 00:08:28,860 because the battle had concluded. 160 00:08:29,730 --> 00:08:33,129 "So the Messenger of Allah set out against them": 161 00:08:33,690 --> 00:08:35,049 meaning he besieged them. 162 00:08:35,769 --> 00:08:37,289 "And they surrendered to his judgment": 163 00:08:37,970 --> 00:08:38,769 meaning: 164 00:08:39,129 --> 00:08:42,809 they consented and submitted to the judgment of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 165 00:08:43,620 --> 00:08:45,419 "He referred the verdict to Sa'd": 166 00:08:46,059 --> 00:08:49,419 meaning he placed the judgment in the hands of Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him). 167 00:08:50,269 --> 00:08:51,909 "That the combatants be killed": 168 00:08:52,429 --> 00:08:54,309 meaning those capable of fighting. 169 00:08:55,059 --> 00:08:56,019 "Taken captive": 170 00:08:56,539 --> 00:08:59,059 meaning made into bondservants and captives. 171 00:08:59,779 --> 00:09:01,539 "The women and children" (dhurriyyah): 172 00:09:02,220 --> 00:09:05,899 al-dhurriyyah refers to human offspring, male and female alike. 173 00:09:06,580 --> 00:09:07,740 "Ended the war": 174 00:09:08,220 --> 00:09:09,220 meaning brought it to a close. 175 00:09:10,049 --> 00:09:11,049 "From his upper chest" (labbah): 176 00:09:11,730 --> 00:09:13,529 al-labbah is the base of the neck where sacrifices are slaughtered, 177 00:09:13,809 --> 00:09:15,970 the place where a necklace rests on the chest. 178 00:09:16,750 --> 00:09:17,870 "Nothing alarmed them": 179 00:09:18,429 --> 00:09:21,629 meaning that while they were resting in peace and quiet, 180 00:09:22,029 --> 00:09:24,269 they were suddenly startled by the sight of blood, 181 00:09:24,629 --> 00:09:25,789 and it terrified them. 182 00:09:26,700 --> 00:09:28,580 "A tent belonging to Banu Ghifar": 183 00:09:29,139 --> 00:09:32,899 this was the tent of Rufaydah al-Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), 184 00:09:33,500 --> 00:09:35,340 who used to treat the wounded 185 00:09:35,820 --> 00:09:40,460 and dedicated her service to caring for destitute Muslims seeking Allah's reward. 186 00:09:41,279 --> 00:09:43,120 "Profusely bleeding" (yaghdu jurhuhu daman): 187 00:09:43,639 --> 00:09:45,759 meaning blood was steadily gushing from his wound. 188 00:09:46,740 --> 00:09:49,019 Lessons derived from the hadith: 189 00:09:50,299 --> 00:09:51,899 From this hadith, we learn: 190 00:09:52,460 --> 00:09:54,779 The permissibility of staying in the mosque out of necessity; 191 00:09:55,500 --> 00:10:00,019 The permissibility of using the mosque to treat the wounded and the sick; 192 00:10:00,779 --> 00:10:05,379 That a leader or scholar may order a sick person to be moved to a place 193 00:10:05,379 --> 00:10:08,340 that makes visiting him easier and nearer, 194 00:10:08,899 --> 00:10:13,299 especially if traveling to visit that patient would be burdensome for him; 195 00:10:14,149 --> 00:10:17,190 The permissibility of appointing an arbitrator in major matters; 196 00:10:17,909 --> 00:10:21,669 A demonstration of the great virtue of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him); 197 00:10:22,269 --> 00:10:25,710 An illustration of the virtue of striving in the cause of Allah Almighty; 198 00:10:26,509 --> 00:10:30,509 The permissibility of wishing for martyrdom in the cause of Allah Almighty; 199 00:10:31,340 --> 00:10:32,259 And in the hadith, 200 00:10:32,620 --> 00:10:37,220 it is shown that the angels fought alongside the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 201 00:10:38,009 --> 00:10:40,450 It also shows that Gabriel (peace be upon him) 202 00:10:40,769 --> 00:10:44,730 fought alongside the Prophet (peace be upon him). 203 00:10:47,860 --> 00:10:50,940 Chapter: Bringing a camel into the mosque due to an ailment. 204 00:10:52,580 --> 00:10:55,820 On the authority of Umm Salamah, who said in a narration: 205 00:10:56,539 --> 00:11:00,899 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said while he was in Makkah, 206 00:11:01,419 --> 00:11:02,659 when he intended to depart— 207 00:11:03,299 --> 00:11:07,740 and Umm Salamah had not yet performed the circumambulation (tawaf) around the House, though she intended to depart— 208 00:11:08,769 --> 00:11:13,730 "I complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) that I was ailing." 209 00:11:14,450 --> 00:11:18,490 He said, "Circumambulate behind the people while you are riding." 210 00:11:19,470 --> 00:11:24,990 "So I circumambulated while the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was praying beside the House, 211 00:11:25,669 --> 00:11:28,590 reciting Surah at-Tur: 'By the mount, and by a Book inscribed.'" 212 00:11:29,580 --> 00:11:33,299 In another narration: "So she did not pray until she departed." 213 00:11:34,820 --> 00:11:36,860 Commentary on the hadith: 214 00:11:38,200 --> 00:11:40,519 "I am ailing" (ashtaki) means: "I am sick." 215 00:11:41,580 --> 00:11:43,899 Among the benefits of the hadith: 216 00:11:45,009 --> 00:11:46,409 It is derived from the hadith 217 00:11:47,090 --> 00:11:51,929 that it is from the Sunnah for women to keep apart from men during circumambulation and prayer. 218 00:11:52,690 --> 00:11:55,809 It also contains the permissibility of circumambulating while riding for one who has an excuse, 219 00:11:56,330 --> 00:11:58,129 whereas regarding one without an excuse, there is scholarly disagreement. 220 00:11:58,970 --> 00:12:04,570 It also contains guidance for one riding a beast to avoid the passageway of people as much as possible. 221 00:12:07,500 --> 00:12:08,059 Chapter. 222 00:12:08,779 --> 00:12:10,659 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): 223 00:12:11,299 --> 00:12:15,899 Two men left the presence of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 224 00:12:16,340 --> 00:12:18,019 on a dark night, 225 00:12:18,539 --> 00:12:21,100 and behold, there was a light before them, 226 00:12:21,539 --> 00:12:23,139 until they separated, 227 00:12:23,740 --> 00:12:26,100 whereupon the light separated with each of them. 228 00:12:27,620 --> 00:12:29,820 Commentary on the hadith: 229 00:12:30,870 --> 00:12:31,950 "Two men": 230 00:12:32,429 --> 00:12:33,950 they were 'Abbad ibn Bishr 231 00:12:34,230 --> 00:12:37,350 and Usayd ibn Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with them both). 232 00:12:38,240 --> 00:12:39,559 "Before them" (bayna aydihima) 233 00:12:40,039 --> 00:12:41,480 means: in front of them. 234 00:12:42,620 --> 00:12:44,980 Among the benefits of the hadith: 235 00:12:45,990 --> 00:12:49,149 In the hadith is evidence for the miraculous graces (karamat) of the righteous. 236 00:12:49,870 --> 00:12:51,750 And the most entitled of people to these miraculous graces 237 00:12:52,110 --> 00:12:55,269 are the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 238 00:12:55,750 --> 00:12:57,590 and those who follow their guidance. 239 00:12:58,350 --> 00:13:02,629 It also demonstrates the virtue of walking to mosques and study circles. 240 00:13:05,720 --> 00:13:08,600 Chapter: The small door (khawkhah) and passageway in the mosque. 241 00:13:10,100 --> 00:13:13,019 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him): 242 00:13:13,580 --> 00:13:16,580 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 243 00:13:16,580 --> 00:13:18,860 sat upon the pulpit and said, 244 00:13:19,669 --> 00:13:21,789 "Allah has given a servant the choice 245 00:13:22,230 --> 00:13:25,909 between granting him whatever he wishes of the splendor of this world, 246 00:13:26,309 --> 00:13:27,750 and that which is with Him, 247 00:13:28,269 --> 00:13:29,990 and he chose that which is with Him." 248 00:13:30,799 --> 00:13:33,320 Abu Bakr wept and said, 249 00:13:33,879 --> 00:13:37,279 "May our fathers and our mothers be ransomed for you!" 250 00:13:38,049 --> 00:13:39,169 We were astonished at him, 251 00:13:39,649 --> 00:13:40,809 and the people said, 252 00:13:41,250 --> 00:13:43,049 "Look at this elder! 253 00:13:43,690 --> 00:13:46,769 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) informs 254 00:13:46,769 --> 00:13:51,610 of a servant given the choice by Allah between being granted the splendor of this world 255 00:13:52,090 --> 00:13:53,409 and that which is with Him, 256 00:13:54,049 --> 00:13:55,090 yet he says, 257 00:13:55,570 --> 00:13:58,769 'May our fathers and our mothers be ransomed for you!'" 258 00:13:59,659 --> 00:14:04,059 But it was the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) who was the one given the choice, 259 00:14:04,659 --> 00:14:07,580 and Abu Bakr was the most knowledgeable among us regarding him. 260 00:14:08,539 --> 00:14:11,860 And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said— 261 00:14:12,679 --> 00:14:13,559 in a narration: 262 00:14:14,159 --> 00:14:16,720 "O Abu Bakr, do not weep. 263 00:14:17,620 --> 00:14:22,700 Indeed, the person who has favored me the most with his companionship and his wealth is Abu Bakr. 264 00:14:23,500 --> 00:14:26,779 If I were to take an intimate friend (khalil) from my Ummah, 265 00:14:27,220 --> 00:14:28,980 I would have taken Abu Bakr, 266 00:14:29,620 --> 00:14:31,620 but there is the intimate bond of Islam." 267 00:14:32,539 --> 00:14:33,379 In another narration: 268 00:14:33,980 --> 00:14:37,179 "Rather, the brotherhood of Islam and its affection. 269 00:14:38,139 --> 00:14:43,019 Let no small door remain in the mosque except the small door of Abu Bakr." 270 00:14:44,570 --> 00:14:46,570 Commentary on the hadith: 271 00:14:48,210 --> 00:14:50,690 Chapter: The small door and passageway in the mosque. 272 00:14:51,519 --> 00:14:52,320 "Al-Khawkhah": 273 00:14:52,759 --> 00:14:55,039 a small door between two houses. 274 00:14:56,139 --> 00:14:57,059 "A servant": 275 00:14:57,620 --> 00:15:00,139 meaning the Prophet (peace be upon him). 276 00:15:01,070 --> 00:15:02,470 "The splendor of this world": 277 00:15:02,990 --> 00:15:05,710 meaning its delight, beauty, and adornment. 278 00:15:06,389 --> 00:15:07,149 The meaning is: 279 00:15:07,629 --> 00:15:12,669 as much as he wished of long life, staying in this world, and enjoying it. 280 00:15:13,600 --> 00:15:14,759 "And that which is with Him": 281 00:15:15,320 --> 00:15:20,360 meaning what Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, has prepared for him of enduring bliss. 282 00:15:21,190 --> 00:15:22,230 "We were astonished at him": 283 00:15:22,830 --> 00:15:28,429 meaning they wondered at his weeping and his offering ransom for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 284 00:15:29,070 --> 00:15:33,909 as they did not grasp what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intended by his words. 285 00:15:34,980 --> 00:15:39,460 "The person who has favored me the most with his companionship and wealth is Abu Bakr": 286 00:15:40,139 --> 00:15:44,059 meaning the most generous and liberal toward us with himself and his wealth; 287 00:15:44,620 --> 00:15:48,220 it does not denote reminding of favors or boasting of benevolence, 288 00:15:48,620 --> 00:15:50,580 as that invalidates the reward. 289 00:15:51,539 --> 00:15:53,100 "If I were to take..." 290 00:15:53,659 --> 00:15:54,539 "To take" (ittakhadha) 291 00:15:54,820 --> 00:15:56,299 means: to choose and elect. 292 00:15:57,100 --> 00:15:57,860 "An intimate friend" (khalil): 293 00:15:58,460 --> 00:16:00,539 intimacy (khullah) is the purest form of affection, 294 00:16:01,139 --> 00:16:01,899 and the intimate friend 295 00:16:02,259 --> 00:16:04,379 is the one who aligns with your inner traits 296 00:16:04,740 --> 00:16:06,659 and walks alongside you in your path. 297 00:16:07,639 --> 00:16:08,919 "The intimate bond of Islam": 298 00:16:09,440 --> 00:16:12,080 meaning the brotherhood of Islam and its affection. 299 00:16:12,940 --> 00:16:13,580 "Khawkhah": 300 00:16:14,139 --> 00:16:15,539 meaning a small door. 301 00:16:16,779 --> 00:16:19,059 Among the benefits of the hadith: 302 00:16:20,409 --> 00:16:21,929 It is derived from the hadith 303 00:16:22,750 --> 00:16:24,990 that one is urged to choose that which is with Allah 304 00:16:25,350 --> 00:16:26,789 and to renounce worldly desires, 305 00:16:27,269 --> 00:16:30,509 as well as making known those of the righteous who chose that. 306 00:16:31,269 --> 00:16:37,950 It also shows the intense love of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) for the Prophet (peace be upon him). 307 00:16:38,629 --> 00:16:40,309 It also proves the permissibility of saying, 308 00:16:40,750 --> 00:16:45,789 "May our fathers and mothers be ransomed for the Prophet (peace be upon him)." 309 00:16:46,659 --> 00:16:50,139 It also demonstrates the permissibility of weeping over someone suffering from a terminal illness. 310 00:16:50,929 --> 00:16:54,730 It also demonstrates the merit of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). 311 00:16:55,409 --> 00:16:58,929 Indeed, as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) has virtues and rights 312 00:16:59,370 --> 00:17:02,009 in which no other created being shares with him; 313 00:17:02,769 --> 00:17:05,609 for he is the most knowledgeable of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). 314 00:17:06,509 --> 00:17:11,470 In the hadith there is also an allusion to the caliphate of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). 315 00:17:12,339 --> 00:17:14,980 It also urges gratitude for good companionship, 316 00:17:15,539 --> 00:17:17,579 and the permissibility of praising a companion 317 00:17:17,940 --> 00:17:19,779 when fitnah (temptation or pride) is safely avoided for him. 318 00:17:20,640 --> 00:17:22,880 It also urges the harmonious union of souls 319 00:17:23,240 --> 00:17:25,920 and the offering of affection for the brotherhood of Islam. 320 00:17:26,789 --> 00:17:32,509 The hadith also indicates that mosques should be protected from people opening numerous entryways into them, 321 00:17:33,029 --> 00:17:35,029 except for an entrance that is genuinely needed. 322 00:17:35,900 --> 00:17:39,700 The hadith further indicates that the intimate friend (khalil) ranks above a close friend (siddiq) and a brother, 323 00:17:40,220 --> 00:17:41,980 though there is disagreement regarding their exact hierarchy. 324 00:17:42,859 --> 00:17:47,019 The hadith also indicates that no one truly attains the reality of knowledge 325 00:17:47,420 --> 00:17:48,619 except one who possesses deep understanding; 326 00:17:49,259 --> 00:17:52,819 and through such understanding, Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) rightly deserved it. 327 00:17:55,549 --> 00:17:57,309 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, who said: 328 00:17:58,029 --> 00:18:03,190 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came out during his terminal illness, 329 00:18:03,710 --> 00:18:05,710 having wrapped his head with a piece of cloth, 330 00:18:06,430 --> 00:18:07,950 and he sat upon the pulpit. 331 00:18:08,430 --> 00:18:10,630 He praised Allah and extolled Him, 332 00:18:11,069 --> 00:18:11,990 then said: 333 00:18:12,859 --> 00:18:20,299 "Indeed, there is no one among the people more generous to me with himself and his wealth than Abu Bakr ibn Abi Quhafah. 334 00:18:21,160 --> 00:18:24,160 And if I were to take an intimate friend from among mankind, 335 00:18:24,680 --> 00:18:27,160 I would have taken Abu Bakr as an intimate friend; 336 00:18:27,839 --> 00:18:30,759 but the intimate bond of Islam is superior." 337 00:18:31,730 --> 00:18:32,529 In another narration: 338 00:18:33,130 --> 00:18:35,289 "Rather, he is my brother and my companion. 339 00:18:36,289 --> 00:18:39,930 Close up from me every small door leading into this mosque 340 00:18:40,410 --> 00:18:42,410 except the small door of Abu Bakr." 341 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:44,200 In another narration: 342 00:18:44,880 --> 00:18:45,680 Or he said: 343 00:18:46,240 --> 00:18:46,759 "Khayr..." 344 00:18:47,519 --> 00:18:49,359 "For he appointed him..." 345 00:18:49,960 --> 00:18:50,759 or he said: 346 00:18:51,240 --> 00:18:52,400 "He decreed it..." 347 00:18:53,509 --> 00:18:55,509 Commentary on the hadith: 348 00:18:57,069 --> 00:18:58,269 "Having wrapped his head": 349 00:18:58,869 --> 00:19:00,670 meaning he bound and tied his head 350 00:19:01,430 --> 00:19:02,150 "with a piece of cloth": 351 00:19:02,589 --> 00:19:03,470 meaning a headband. 352 00:19:04,230 --> 00:19:04,950 "Close up": 353 00:19:05,470 --> 00:19:08,029 he intended the sealing and abolishing of these doors, 354 00:19:08,829 --> 00:19:10,589 "except the small door of Abu Bakr." 355 00:19:11,309 --> 00:19:15,829 Since he closed all the doors except the door of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), 356 00:19:16,349 --> 00:19:19,430 it indicated that he would come out from it to lead the prayer. 357 00:19:20,109 --> 00:19:22,470 Thus, it was as if he (peace be upon him) 358 00:19:22,910 --> 00:19:26,470 indicated that the one to succeed him would do likewise. 359 00:19:27,710 --> 00:19:30,029 Among the benefits of the hadith: 360 00:19:31,250 --> 00:19:32,769 It is derived from the hadith 361 00:19:33,450 --> 00:19:36,130 that it is permissible to wrap a bandage around the head. 362 00:19:36,730 --> 00:19:39,970 It also demonstrates the virtue of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). 363 00:19:40,759 --> 00:19:45,279 In the hadith is also an allusion to the caliphate of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). 364 00:19:46,079 --> 00:19:51,160 It also demonstrates the virtue of spending in the cause of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, and spreading the message. 365 00:19:51,950 --> 00:19:56,269 It also indicates the permissibility of opening doors to mosques according to need. 366 00:19:59,109 --> 00:20:01,430 Chapter: Raising the voice in mosques. 367 00:20:02,829 --> 00:20:05,109 On the authority of as-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, who said: 368 00:20:05,789 --> 00:20:07,710 While I was standing in the mosque, 369 00:20:08,349 --> 00:20:09,750 a man threw pebbles at me. 370 00:20:10,309 --> 00:20:11,069 I looked, 371 00:20:11,470 --> 00:20:13,349 and behold, it was 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. 372 00:20:14,109 --> 00:20:14,750 He said, 373 00:20:15,349 --> 00:20:17,589 "Go and bring me these two men." 374 00:20:18,269 --> 00:20:19,710 So I brought them to him. 375 00:20:20,430 --> 00:20:20,950 He asked, 376 00:20:21,430 --> 00:20:22,509 "Who are you?" 377 00:20:23,069 --> 00:20:24,990 or, "Where are you from?" 378 00:20:25,779 --> 00:20:26,420 They replied, 379 00:20:26,900 --> 00:20:28,380 "From the people of at-Ta'if." 380 00:20:29,369 --> 00:20:29,930 He said, 381 00:20:30,569 --> 00:20:34,009 "Had you been from the people of this city, I would have made it painful for you! 382 00:20:34,799 --> 00:20:40,160 You raise your voices in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?!" 383 00:20:41,200 --> 00:20:43,400 Commentary on the hadith: 384 00:20:44,650 --> 00:20:45,650 "He threw pebbles at me": 385 00:20:46,130 --> 00:20:48,569 meaning he tossed small stones at me. 386 00:20:49,460 --> 00:20:51,259 "Had you been from the people of this city": 387 00:20:51,819 --> 00:20:53,099 meaning from Madinah. 388 00:20:53,910 --> 00:20:55,230 "I would have made it painful for you": 389 00:20:55,549 --> 00:20:56,630 meaning by beating you. 390 00:20:57,950 --> 00:21:00,309 Among the benefits of the hadith: 391 00:21:01,490 --> 00:21:02,970 It is derived from the hadith 392 00:21:03,690 --> 00:21:07,089 that it is legitimate to accept the excuse of those who are ignorant of the ruling, 393 00:21:07,410 --> 00:21:10,009 whenever it concerns a matter that can easily be overlooked. 394 00:21:10,730 --> 00:21:16,690 It also shows the permissibility of the leader disciplining anyone who raises his voice in the mosque with clamor and the like. 395 00:21:17,549 --> 00:21:22,430 The ruler may also state the reason for which the offender deserved punishment. 396 00:21:23,259 --> 00:21:28,220 It also shows the obligation of venerating and revering the Prophet (peace be upon him). 397 00:21:30,890 --> 00:21:33,569 Chapter: Study Circles and Sitting in the Mosque. 398 00:21:34,970 --> 00:21:36,490 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar, who said: 399 00:21:37,089 --> 00:21:41,809 A man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he was upon the pulpit, 400 00:21:42,450 --> 00:21:44,609 "What do you say regarding the night prayer?" 401 00:21:45,369 --> 00:21:45,930 He replied, 402 00:21:46,490 --> 00:21:47,930 "It is offered two rak'ahs by two." 403 00:21:48,569 --> 00:21:49,970 "Then, if he fears the approach of dawn," 404 00:21:50,369 --> 00:21:51,650 "let him pray a single rak'ah," 405 00:21:52,250 --> 00:21:54,369 "which will make odd-numbered what he has prayed." 406 00:21:55,329 --> 00:21:56,970 And he used to say, 407 00:21:57,609 --> 00:22:00,289 "Make the last of your night prayer an odd number (witr)," 408 00:22:00,930 --> 00:22:04,569 for the Prophet (peace be upon him) commanded it. 409 00:22:05,900 --> 00:22:08,059 Commentary on the hadith: 410 00:22:09,299 --> 00:22:11,660 "Chapter: Study Circles and Sitting in the Mosque." 411 00:22:12,460 --> 00:22:14,220 What is meant by "circle" here 412 00:22:14,700 --> 00:22:17,539 is people sitting together in the form of a circle in the mosque. 413 00:22:18,579 --> 00:22:20,299 "What do you say regarding the night prayer?" 414 00:22:20,940 --> 00:22:23,259 That is: what is the manner of performing the night prayer? 415 00:22:24,220 --> 00:22:25,539 "Then, if he fears the approach of dawn," 416 00:22:26,220 --> 00:22:28,259 meaning that he might miss the Witr prayer, 417 00:22:29,140 --> 00:22:30,299 "let him pray a single rak'ah," 418 00:22:30,859 --> 00:22:32,500 meaning one rak'ah. 419 00:22:33,670 --> 00:22:35,789 Points of benefit from the hadith: 420 00:22:37,180 --> 00:22:38,619 It is derived from this hadith that: 421 00:22:39,339 --> 00:22:44,339 There is no harm in the khatib answering when asked about a religious matter while delivering the sermon, 422 00:22:44,940 --> 00:22:47,339 and doing so does not invalidate or disrupt his sermon. 423 00:22:48,089 --> 00:22:52,730 It also contains a clarification that the voluntary night prayer is performed two rak'ahs by two, 424 00:22:53,450 --> 00:22:55,410 and that Witr can be a single rak'ah, 425 00:22:55,930 --> 00:22:57,450 though there is scholarly disagreement on this matter. 426 00:22:58,410 --> 00:23:01,049 It also indicates that the time for the Witr prayer 427 00:23:01,450 --> 00:23:03,410 extends until the break of dawn. 428 00:23:04,269 --> 00:23:07,470 It also contains an encouragement to maintain the Witr prayer regularly. 429 00:23:08,230 --> 00:23:11,829 It also directs that asking questions is the key to knowledge. 430 00:23:14,710 --> 00:23:17,990 Chapter: Lying Down in the Mosque and Stretching Out the Legs. 431 00:23:19,549 --> 00:23:20,630 On the authority of Ibn Shihab, 432 00:23:21,109 --> 00:23:22,630 from 'Abbad Ibn Tamim, 433 00:23:22,990 --> 00:23:23,789 from his paternal uncle, 434 00:23:24,549 --> 00:23:29,549 that he saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) lying on his back in the mosque, 435 00:23:30,190 --> 00:23:32,910 placing one of his legs over the other. 436 00:23:33,859 --> 00:23:34,980 And from Ibn Shihab, 437 00:23:35,579 --> 00:23:37,740 from Sa'id Ibn al-Musayyib, who said: 438 00:23:38,380 --> 00:23:41,220 'Umar and 'Uthman used to do that as well. 439 00:23:42,619 --> 00:23:44,779 Commentary on the hadith: 440 00:23:46,000 --> 00:23:47,039 "Lying down" 441 00:23:47,440 --> 00:23:48,519 means lying flat on his back. 442 00:23:49,279 --> 00:23:49,920 "His paternal uncle" 443 00:23:50,480 --> 00:23:53,279 is 'Abdullah Ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him. 444 00:23:54,579 --> 00:23:56,859 Points of benefit from the hadith: 445 00:23:58,410 --> 00:23:59,930 It is derived from this hadith that: 446 00:24:00,690 --> 00:24:05,529 It is permissible to recline, lie down, and take all forms of rest in the mosque, 447 00:24:06,009 --> 00:24:07,130 provided one remains properly covered, 448 00:24:07,769 --> 00:24:10,170 and so long as it causes no inconvenience or harm to others. 449 00:24:11,059 --> 00:24:16,059 The hadith also serves as evidence for the authoritative legal status of the Sunnah of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs.