WEBVTT 00:00:00.180 --> 00:00:03.480 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.480 --> 00:00:06.440 Ifadah Center 00:00:06.440 --> 00:00:09.640 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.640 --> 00:00:11.939 presents: 00:00:11.939 --> 00:00:16.239 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:16.239 --> 00:00:20.620 "Chapter: Performing Ghusl upon Embracing Islam, 00:00:20.620 --> 00:00:23.620 and Tethering a Captive in the Mosque." 00:00:23.620 --> 00:00:28.449 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:00:28.449 --> 00:00:33.520 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) dispatched a cavalry detachment toward Najd, 00:00:34.020 --> 00:00:37.020 and they brought back a man from the Banu Hanifah 00:00:37.020 --> 00:00:40.020 named Thumamah ibn Uthal. 00:00:40.020 --> 00:00:44.020 They tied him to one of the pillars of the Mosque, 00:00:44.020 --> 00:00:48.079 and the Prophet (peace be upon him) came out to him 00:00:48.079 --> 00:00:52.079 and asked, "What do you have to say for yourself, Thumamah?" 00:00:52.079 --> 00:00:56.140 He replied, "I have good expectations, O Muhammad. 00:00:56.140 --> 00:01:00.140 If you kill me, you kill a person of noble blood; 00:01:00.640 --> 00:01:04.140 and if you show favor, you show favor to an appreciative man. 00:01:04.140 --> 00:01:06.640 But if you desire wealth, 00:01:06.640 --> 00:01:09.140 then ask of it whatever you wish." 00:01:09.140 --> 00:01:12.640 He was left until the following day, 00:01:12.640 --> 00:01:16.640 when the Prophet asked him again, "What do you have to say for yourself, Thumamah?" 00:01:16.640 --> 00:01:19.709 He replied, "Only what I already told you: 00:01:19.709 --> 00:01:23.340 if you show favor, you show favor to an appreciative man." 00:01:23.340 --> 00:01:26.840 So he left him until the day after that, 00:01:27.340 --> 00:01:30.840 and again asked, "What do you have to say for yourself, Thumamah?" 00:01:30.840 --> 00:01:34.459 He replied, "I have only what I already told you." 00:01:34.459 --> 00:01:38.060 The Prophet then said, "Release Thumamah." 00:01:38.060 --> 00:01:41.560 So he went to an enclosure with water near the Mosque, 00:01:41.560 --> 00:01:45.060 performed ghusl, and then entered the Mosque, 00:01:45.060 --> 00:01:50.060 declaring, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, 00:01:50.060 --> 00:01:53.689 and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:01:53.689 --> 00:01:55.689 O Muhammad! 00:01:55.689 --> 00:01:58.689 By Allah, there was no face on the face of the earth 00:01:58.689 --> 00:02:01.689 more hateful to me than your face, 00:02:01.689 --> 00:02:05.939 but your face has now become the dearest of all faces to me! 00:02:05.939 --> 00:02:10.939 By Allah, there was no religion more hateful to me than your religion, 00:02:10.939 --> 00:02:14.939 but your religion has now become the dearest of all religions to me! 00:02:14.939 --> 00:02:19.939 By Allah, there was no land more hateful to me than your land, 00:02:19.939 --> 00:02:24.069 but your land has now become the dearest of all lands to me! 00:02:24.069 --> 00:02:27.509 Your horsemen captured me while I was intending to perform 'Umrah; 00:02:28.050 --> 00:02:29.330 so what do you advise?" 00:02:30.180 --> 00:02:33.759 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave him glad tidings 00:02:34.280 --> 00:02:36.159 and instructed him to perform 'Umrah. 00:02:37.080 --> 00:02:38.599 When he arrived in Mecca, 00:02:39.240 --> 00:02:40.680 someone said to him, 00:02:41.159 --> 00:02:41.919 "Have you turned apostate?" 00:02:42.520 --> 00:02:43.400 He replied, "No! 00:02:44.000 --> 00:02:49.400 Rather, I have embraced Islam alongside Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:02:50.120 --> 00:02:51.120 And no, by Allah! 00:02:51.599 --> 00:02:54.879 Not a single grain of wheat shall come to you from al-Yamamah 00:02:55.280 --> 00:02:59.639 until the Prophet (peace be upon him) gives permission for it." 00:03:00.780 --> 00:03:03.020 Commentary on the hadith: 00:03:04.199 --> 00:03:05.000 "A cavalry detachment" (khaylan): 00:03:05.439 --> 00:03:06.719 meaning horsemen, 00:03:07.199 --> 00:03:09.280 and they numbered thirty riders, 00:03:09.719 --> 00:03:13.280 under the command of Muhammad ibn Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:03:13.949 --> 00:03:14.870 "Toward Najd" (qibala Najd): 00:03:15.270 --> 00:03:16.389 meaning in the direction of Najd, 00:03:16.949 --> 00:03:19.229 and Najd is a region in the Arabian Peninsula. 00:03:20.099 --> 00:03:20.979 "And they brought back": 00:03:21.419 --> 00:03:24.259 meaning they returned after nineteen nights. 00:03:25.039 --> 00:03:25.919 "To one of the pillars" (bi-sariyah): 00:03:26.319 --> 00:03:27.360 meaning a column. 00:03:28.139 --> 00:03:29.300 "I have good expectations": 00:03:29.780 --> 00:03:31.780 meaning: you are not one to commit injustice; 00:03:32.139 --> 00:03:34.340 rather, you pardon and treat people kindly. 00:03:35.139 --> 00:03:37.580 "If you kill me, you kill a person of noble blood" (dha dam): 00:03:38.060 --> 00:03:40.419 meaning a person of status whose blood would be avenged. 00:03:41.259 --> 00:03:43.819 "And if you show favor, you show favor to an appreciative man": 00:03:44.500 --> 00:03:46.259 meaning: if you treat me kindly by pardoning me, 00:03:46.620 --> 00:03:48.539 then pardoning is among the traits of the noble, 00:03:48.900 --> 00:03:50.699 and your favor will not be wasted, 00:03:51.259 --> 00:03:56.699 for you will have bestowed it upon a noble man who remembers kindness and never forgets a good deed. 00:03:57.629 --> 00:03:59.469 "But if you desire wealth": 00:03:59.870 --> 00:04:00.949 meaning a ransom. 00:04:01.849 --> 00:04:03.169 "Release Thumamah": 00:04:03.689 --> 00:04:06.409 meaning untie his bonds and let him go. 00:04:07.259 --> 00:04:08.180 "To an enclosure with water" (ila najl): 00:04:08.740 --> 00:04:11.419 al-najl refers to spring water welling up from the earth. 00:04:12.580 --> 00:04:16.180 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave him glad tidings": 00:04:16.779 --> 00:04:19.060 meaning of the good of this worldly life and the Hereafter. 00:04:19.879 --> 00:04:20.680 "Have you turned apostate?" (sabawta): 00:04:21.160 --> 00:04:24.079 meaning: have you abandoned your religion for another? 00:04:24.800 --> 00:04:25.839 "From al-Yamamah": 00:04:26.439 --> 00:04:28.800 al-Yamamah is a locality within Najd. 00:04:30.029 --> 00:04:32.389 Lessons derived from the hadith: 00:04:33.899 --> 00:04:35.459 From this hadith, we learn: 00:04:36.019 --> 00:04:39.139 Guidance toward treating people in accordance with their social status; 00:04:39.860 --> 00:04:45.180 An illustration of the Prophet's profound mercy toward creation; 00:04:45.889 --> 00:04:48.810 The permissibility of a non-Muslim entering the mosque; 00:04:49.569 --> 00:04:52.410 The recommendation of gentleness and clemency toward captives; 00:04:53.050 --> 00:04:55.649 That the ruler, regarding a rational adult captive, has the prerogative of: 00:04:56.170 --> 00:04:58.009 executing him, enslaving him, 00:04:58.490 --> 00:05:00.529 releasing him unconditionally as an act of grace, 00:05:00.930 --> 00:05:01.930 or setting him free for a ransom; 00:05:02.670 --> 00:05:06.110 The legitimacy of performing ghusl upon embracing Islam, 00:05:06.629 --> 00:05:08.269 though scholars differ as to whether it is obligatory; 00:05:09.199 --> 00:05:13.160 Guidance toward adopting excellence (ihsan) in dealing with people, 00:05:13.829 --> 00:05:17.550 for kindness erases enmity and solidifies love; 00:05:18.269 --> 00:05:22.149 And the permissibility of imposing economic sanctions for the public interest, 00:05:22.670 --> 00:05:27.829 provided that the boycott bears fruit without harming Muslims. 00:05:30.759 --> 00:05:34.439 "Chapter: Pitching a Tent in the Mosque for the Sick and Others." 00:05:36.060 --> 00:05:38.939 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 00:05:39.620 --> 00:05:41.860 Sa'd was wounded on the Day of the Trench. 00:05:42.459 --> 00:05:44.500 A man from Quraysh shot him, 00:05:44.980 --> 00:05:47.500 a man named Hibban ibn al-'Ariqah, 00:05:48.180 --> 00:05:49.620 striking him in the medial vein. 00:05:50.519 --> 00:05:56.680 So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) pitched a tent in the Mosque so he could visit him from close by. 00:05:57.649 --> 00:06:02.089 When the Messenger of Allah returned from the Trench, 00:06:02.730 --> 00:06:04.769 he laid down his arms and performed ghusl. 00:06:05.589 --> 00:06:07.910 Then Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him, 00:06:08.230 --> 00:06:10.629 shaking dust from his head, 00:06:11.310 --> 00:06:12.029 and said, 00:06:12.629 --> 00:06:14.029 "Have you laid down your weapons? 00:06:14.629 --> 00:06:16.310 By Allah, I have not laid them down! 00:06:16.949 --> 00:06:18.350 March out against them!" 00:06:19.069 --> 00:06:21.750 The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked, 00:06:22.389 --> 00:06:23.110 "To where?" 00:06:23.750 --> 00:06:25.870 Gabriel pointed toward Banu Qurayzah. 00:06:26.689 --> 00:06:30.290 So the Messenger of Allah set out against them, 00:06:30.850 --> 00:06:32.449 and they eventually surrendered to his judgment, 00:06:33.199 --> 00:06:35.160 but he referred the verdict to Sa'd. 00:06:35.990 --> 00:06:36.589 Sa'd said, 00:06:37.189 --> 00:06:38.910 "I rule concerning them 00:06:39.389 --> 00:06:41.110 that the combatants be killed, 00:06:41.709 --> 00:06:44.189 the women and children taken captive, 00:06:44.829 --> 00:06:46.949 and their properties distributed." 00:06:47.860 --> 00:06:48.980 And on the authority of 'A'ishah: 00:06:49.459 --> 00:06:50.939 Sa'd supplicated, 00:06:51.740 --> 00:06:57.699 "O Allah, You know that there is no one against whom I would love to fight in Your cause 00:06:58.259 --> 00:07:03.259 more than a people who denied Your Messenger (peace be upon him) and drove him out. 00:07:04.100 --> 00:07:09.740 O Allah, I think You have brought an end to the war between us and them; 00:07:10.560 --> 00:07:13.399 but if anything remains of war against Quraysh, 00:07:13.879 --> 00:07:17.079 then keep me alive for it so that I may fight them in Your cause. 00:07:17.910 --> 00:07:19.870 Yet if You have ended the war, 00:07:20.310 --> 00:07:23.430 then cause my wound to burst open and let my death be through it." 00:07:24.139 --> 00:07:26.139 Thereupon, it burst open at his upper chest. 00:07:26.779 --> 00:07:28.019 Nothing alarmed those 00:07:28.379 --> 00:07:31.339 in the neighboring tent belonging to the Banu Ghifar 00:07:31.819 --> 00:07:34.060 except blood flowing toward them. 00:07:34.660 --> 00:07:35.500 They cried out, 00:07:36.019 --> 00:07:37.379 "O people of the tent! 00:07:37.860 --> 00:07:41.019 What is this flowing to us from your direction?" 00:07:41.699 --> 00:07:44.860 And behold, Sa'd's wound was profusely bleeding; 00:07:45.579 --> 00:07:48.100 and he passed away from it (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:07:52.910 --> 00:07:53.949 "Sa'd was wounded": 00:07:54.470 --> 00:07:56.709 meaning Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:07:57.560 --> 00:07:58.480 "In the medial vein" (al-akhal): 00:07:59.160 --> 00:08:01.639 al-akhal is a major vein in the middle of the arm, 00:08:02.160 --> 00:08:04.040 often described as the life vein. 00:08:04.920 --> 00:08:08.319 "The Prophet pitched a tent": 00:08:08.920 --> 00:08:13.800 meaning he erected a tent and secured it with stakes driven into the ground, 00:08:14.600 --> 00:08:15.600 "so he could visit him" (li-ya'udahu): 00:08:16.160 --> 00:08:18.519 'iyadah means visiting the sick, 00:08:19.389 --> 00:08:20.310 "from close by": 00:08:20.910 --> 00:08:23.310 meaning to make visiting him easier and proximate. 00:08:24.100 --> 00:08:25.220 "He laid down his arms": 00:08:25.740 --> 00:08:27.019 meaning he took off his weapons, 00:08:27.339 --> 00:08:28.860 because the battle had concluded. 00:08:29.730 --> 00:08:33.129 "So the Messenger of Allah set out against them": 00:08:33.690 --> 00:08:35.049 meaning he besieged them. 00:08:35.769 --> 00:08:37.289 "And they surrendered to his judgment": 00:08:37.970 --> 00:08:38.769 meaning: 00:08:39.129 --> 00:08:42.809 they consented and submitted to the judgment of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:08:43.620 --> 00:08:45.419 "He referred the verdict to Sa'd": 00:08:46.059 --> 00:08:49.419 meaning he placed the judgment in the hands of Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:08:50.269 --> 00:08:51.909 "That the combatants be killed": 00:08:52.429 --> 00:08:54.309 meaning those capable of fighting. 00:08:55.059 --> 00:08:56.019 "Taken captive": 00:08:56.539 --> 00:08:59.059 meaning made into bondservants and captives. 00:08:59.779 --> 00:09:01.539 "The women and children" (dhurriyyah): 00:09:02.220 --> 00:09:05.899 al-dhurriyyah refers to human offspring, male and female alike. 00:09:06.580 --> 00:09:07.740 "Ended the war": 00:09:08.220 --> 00:09:09.220 meaning brought it to a close. 00:09:10.049 --> 00:09:11.049 "From his upper chest" (labbah): 00:09:11.730 --> 00:09:13.529 al-labbah is the base of the neck where sacrifices are slaughtered, 00:09:13.809 --> 00:09:15.970 the place where a necklace rests on the chest. 00:09:16.750 --> 00:09:17.870 "Nothing alarmed them": 00:09:18.429 --> 00:09:21.629 meaning that while they were resting in peace and quiet, 00:09:22.029 --> 00:09:24.269 they were suddenly startled by the sight of blood, 00:09:24.629 --> 00:09:25.789 and it terrified them. 00:09:26.700 --> 00:09:28.580 "A tent belonging to Banu Ghifar": 00:09:29.139 --> 00:09:32.899 this was the tent of Rufaydah al-Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:09:33.500 --> 00:09:35.340 who used to treat the wounded 00:09:35.820 --> 00:09:40.460 and dedicated her service to caring for destitute Muslims seeking Allah's reward. 00:09:41.279 --> 00:09:43.120 "Profusely bleeding" (yaghdu jurhuhu daman): 00:09:43.639 --> 00:09:45.759 meaning blood was steadily gushing from his wound. 00:09:46.740 --> 00:09:49.019 Lessons derived from the hadith: 00:09:50.299 --> 00:09:51.899 From this hadith, we learn: 00:09:52.460 --> 00:09:54.779 The permissibility of staying in the mosque out of necessity; 00:09:55.500 --> 00:10:00.019 The permissibility of using the mosque to treat the wounded and the sick; 00:10:00.779 --> 00:10:05.379 That a leader or scholar may order a sick person to be moved to a place 00:10:05.379 --> 00:10:08.340 that makes visiting him easier and nearer, 00:10:08.899 --> 00:10:13.299 especially if traveling to visit that patient would be burdensome for him; 00:10:14.149 --> 00:10:17.190 The permissibility of appointing an arbitrator in major matters; 00:10:17.909 --> 00:10:21.669 A demonstration of the great virtue of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him); 00:10:22.269 --> 00:10:25.710 An illustration of the virtue of striving in the cause of Allah Almighty; 00:10:26.509 --> 00:10:30.509 The permissibility of wishing for martyrdom in the cause of Allah Almighty; 00:10:31.340 --> 00:10:32.259 And in the hadith, 00:10:32.620 --> 00:10:37.220 it is shown that the angels fought alongside the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:10:38.009 --> 00:10:40.450 It also shows that Gabriel (peace be upon him) 00:10:40.769 --> 00:10:44.730 fought alongside the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:10:47.860 --> 00:10:50.940 Chapter: Bringing a camel into the mosque due to an ailment. 00:10:52.580 --> 00:10:55.820 On the authority of Umm Salamah, who said in a narration: 00:10:56.539 --> 00:11:00.899 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said while he was in Makkah, 00:11:01.419 --> 00:11:02.659 when he intended to depart— 00:11:03.299 --> 00:11:07.740 and Umm Salamah had not yet performed the circumambulation (tawaf) around the House, though she intended to depart— 00:11:08.769 --> 00:11:13.730 "I complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) that I was ailing." 00:11:14.450 --> 00:11:18.490 He said, "Circumambulate behind the people while you are riding." 00:11:19.470 --> 00:11:24.990 "So I circumambulated while the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was praying beside the House, 00:11:25.669 --> 00:11:28.590 reciting Surah at-Tur: 'By the mount, and by a Book inscribed.'" 00:11:29.580 --> 00:11:33.299 In another narration: "So she did not pray until she departed." 00:11:34.820 --> 00:11:36.860 Commentary on the hadith: 00:11:38.200 --> 00:11:40.519 "I am ailing" (ashtaki) means: "I am sick." 00:11:41.580 --> 00:11:43.899 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:45.009 --> 00:11:46.409 It is derived from the hadith 00:11:47.090 --> 00:11:51.929 that it is from the Sunnah for women to keep apart from men during circumambulation and prayer. 00:11:52.690 --> 00:11:55.809 It also contains the permissibility of circumambulating while riding for one who has an excuse, 00:11:56.330 --> 00:11:58.129 whereas regarding one without an excuse, there is scholarly disagreement. 00:11:58.970 --> 00:12:04.570 It also contains guidance for one riding a beast to avoid the passageway of people as much as possible. 00:12:07.500 --> 00:12:08.059 Chapter. 00:12:08.779 --> 00:12:10.659 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:12:11.299 --> 00:12:15.899 Two men left the presence of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:12:16.340 --> 00:12:18.019 on a dark night, 00:12:18.539 --> 00:12:21.100 and behold, there was a light before them, 00:12:21.539 --> 00:12:23.139 until they separated, 00:12:23.740 --> 00:12:26.100 whereupon the light separated with each of them. 00:12:27.620 --> 00:12:29.820 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:30.870 --> 00:12:31.950 "Two men": 00:12:32.429 --> 00:12:33.950 they were 'Abbad ibn Bishr 00:12:34.230 --> 00:12:37.350 and Usayd ibn Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with them both). 00:12:38.240 --> 00:12:39.559 "Before them" (bayna aydihima) 00:12:40.039 --> 00:12:41.480 means: in front of them. 00:12:42.620 --> 00:12:44.980 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:45.990 --> 00:12:49.149 In the hadith is evidence for the miraculous graces (karamat) of the righteous. 00:12:49.870 --> 00:12:51.750 And the most entitled of people to these miraculous graces 00:12:52.110 --> 00:12:55.269 are the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:12:55.750 --> 00:12:57.590 and those who follow their guidance. 00:12:58.350 --> 00:13:02.629 It also demonstrates the virtue of walking to mosques and study circles. 00:13:05.720 --> 00:13:08.600 Chapter: The small door (khawkhah) and passageway in the mosque. 00:13:10.100 --> 00:13:13.019 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:13:13.580 --> 00:13:16.580 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:13:16.580 --> 00:13:18.860 sat upon the pulpit and said, 00:13:19.669 --> 00:13:21.789 "Allah has given a servant the choice 00:13:22.230 --> 00:13:25.909 between granting him whatever he wishes of the splendor of this world, 00:13:26.309 --> 00:13:27.750 and that which is with Him, 00:13:28.269 --> 00:13:29.990 and he chose that which is with Him." 00:13:30.799 --> 00:13:33.320 Abu Bakr wept and said, 00:13:33.879 --> 00:13:37.279 "May our fathers and our mothers be ransomed for you!" 00:13:38.049 --> 00:13:39.169 We were astonished at him, 00:13:39.649 --> 00:13:40.809 and the people said, 00:13:41.250 --> 00:13:43.049 "Look at this elder! 00:13:43.690 --> 00:13:46.769 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) informs 00:13:46.769 --> 00:13:51.610 of a servant given the choice by Allah between being granted the splendor of this world 00:13:52.090 --> 00:13:53.409 and that which is with Him, 00:13:54.049 --> 00:13:55.090 yet he says, 00:13:55.570 --> 00:13:58.769 'May our fathers and our mothers be ransomed for you!'" 00:13:59.659 --> 00:14:04.059 But it was the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) who was the one given the choice, 00:14:04.659 --> 00:14:07.580 and Abu Bakr was the most knowledgeable among us regarding him. 00:14:08.539 --> 00:14:11.860 And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said— 00:14:12.679 --> 00:14:13.559 in a narration: 00:14:14.159 --> 00:14:16.720 "O Abu Bakr, do not weep. 00:14:17.620 --> 00:14:22.700 Indeed, the person who has favored me the most with his companionship and his wealth is Abu Bakr. 00:14:23.500 --> 00:14:26.779 If I were to take an intimate friend (khalil) from my Ummah, 00:14:27.220 --> 00:14:28.980 I would have taken Abu Bakr, 00:14:29.620 --> 00:14:31.620 but there is the intimate bond of Islam." 00:14:32.539 --> 00:14:33.379 In another narration: 00:14:33.980 --> 00:14:37.179 "Rather, the brotherhood of Islam and its affection. 00:14:38.139 --> 00:14:43.019 Let no small door remain in the mosque except the small door of Abu Bakr." 00:14:44.570 --> 00:14:46.570 Commentary on the hadith: 00:14:48.210 --> 00:14:50.690 Chapter: The small door and passageway in the mosque. 00:14:51.519 --> 00:14:52.320 "Al-Khawkhah": 00:14:52.759 --> 00:14:55.039 a small door between two houses. 00:14:56.139 --> 00:14:57.059 "A servant": 00:14:57.620 --> 00:15:00.139 meaning the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:15:01.070 --> 00:15:02.470 "The splendor of this world": 00:15:02.990 --> 00:15:05.710 meaning its delight, beauty, and adornment. 00:15:06.389 --> 00:15:07.149 The meaning is: 00:15:07.629 --> 00:15:12.669 as much as he wished of long life, staying in this world, and enjoying it. 00:15:13.600 --> 00:15:14.759 "And that which is with Him": 00:15:15.320 --> 00:15:20.360 meaning what Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, has prepared for him of enduring bliss. 00:15:21.190 --> 00:15:22.230 "We were astonished at him": 00:15:22.830 --> 00:15:28.429 meaning they wondered at his weeping and his offering ransom for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:15:29.070 --> 00:15:33.909 as they did not grasp what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intended by his words. 00:15:34.980 --> 00:15:39.460 "The person who has favored me the most with his companionship and wealth is Abu Bakr": 00:15:40.139 --> 00:15:44.059 meaning the most generous and liberal toward us with himself and his wealth; 00:15:44.620 --> 00:15:48.220 it does not denote reminding of favors or boasting of benevolence, 00:15:48.620 --> 00:15:50.580 as that invalidates the reward. 00:15:51.539 --> 00:15:53.100 "If I were to take..." 00:15:53.659 --> 00:15:54.539 "To take" (ittakhadha) 00:15:54.820 --> 00:15:56.299 means: to choose and elect. 00:15:57.100 --> 00:15:57.860 "An intimate friend" (khalil): 00:15:58.460 --> 00:16:00.539 intimacy (khullah) is the purest form of affection, 00:16:01.139 --> 00:16:01.899 and the intimate friend 00:16:02.259 --> 00:16:04.379 is the one who aligns with your inner traits 00:16:04.740 --> 00:16:06.659 and walks alongside you in your path. 00:16:07.639 --> 00:16:08.919 "The intimate bond of Islam": 00:16:09.440 --> 00:16:12.080 meaning the brotherhood of Islam and its affection. 00:16:12.940 --> 00:16:13.580 "Khawkhah": 00:16:14.139 --> 00:16:15.539 meaning a small door. 00:16:16.779 --> 00:16:19.059 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:16:20.409 --> 00:16:21.929 It is derived from the hadith 00:16:22.750 --> 00:16:24.990 that one is urged to choose that which is with Allah 00:16:25.350 --> 00:16:26.789 and to renounce worldly desires, 00:16:27.269 --> 00:16:30.509 as well as making known those of the righteous who chose that. 00:16:31.269 --> 00:16:37.950 It also shows the intense love of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) for the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:16:38.629 --> 00:16:40.309 It also proves the permissibility of saying, 00:16:40.750 --> 00:16:45.789 "May our fathers and mothers be ransomed for the Prophet (peace be upon him)." 00:16:46.659 --> 00:16:50.139 It also demonstrates the permissibility of weeping over someone suffering from a terminal illness. 00:16:50.929 --> 00:16:54.730 It also demonstrates the merit of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:16:55.409 --> 00:16:58.929 Indeed, as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) has virtues and rights 00:16:59.370 --> 00:17:02.009 in which no other created being shares with him; 00:17:02.769 --> 00:17:05.609 for he is the most knowledgeable of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). 00:17:06.509 --> 00:17:11.470 In the hadith there is also an allusion to the caliphate of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:17:12.339 --> 00:17:14.980 It also urges gratitude for good companionship, 00:17:15.539 --> 00:17:17.579 and the permissibility of praising a companion 00:17:17.940 --> 00:17:19.779 when fitnah (temptation or pride) is safely avoided for him. 00:17:20.640 --> 00:17:22.880 It also urges the harmonious union of souls 00:17:23.240 --> 00:17:25.920 and the offering of affection for the brotherhood of Islam. 00:17:26.789 --> 00:17:32.509 The hadith also indicates that mosques should be protected from people opening numerous entryways into them, 00:17:33.029 --> 00:17:35.029 except for an entrance that is genuinely needed. 00:17:35.900 --> 00:17:39.700 The hadith further indicates that the intimate friend (khalil) ranks above a close friend (siddiq) and a brother, 00:17:40.220 --> 00:17:41.980 though there is disagreement regarding their exact hierarchy. 00:17:42.859 --> 00:17:47.019 The hadith also indicates that no one truly attains the reality of knowledge 00:17:47.420 --> 00:17:48.619 except one who possesses deep understanding; 00:17:49.259 --> 00:17:52.819 and through such understanding, Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) rightly deserved it. 00:17:55.549 --> 00:17:57.309 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, who said: 00:17:58.029 --> 00:18:03.190 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came out during his terminal illness, 00:18:03.710 --> 00:18:05.710 having wrapped his head with a piece of cloth, 00:18:06.430 --> 00:18:07.950 and he sat upon the pulpit. 00:18:08.430 --> 00:18:10.630 He praised Allah and extolled Him, 00:18:11.069 --> 00:18:11.990 then said: 00:18:12.859 --> 00:18:20.299 "Indeed, there is no one among the people more generous to me with himself and his wealth than Abu Bakr ibn Abi Quhafah. 00:18:21.160 --> 00:18:24.160 And if I were to take an intimate friend from among mankind, 00:18:24.680 --> 00:18:27.160 I would have taken Abu Bakr as an intimate friend; 00:18:27.839 --> 00:18:30.759 but the intimate bond of Islam is superior." 00:18:31.730 --> 00:18:32.529 In another narration: 00:18:33.130 --> 00:18:35.289 "Rather, he is my brother and my companion. 00:18:36.289 --> 00:18:39.930 Close up from me every small door leading into this mosque 00:18:40.410 --> 00:18:42.410 except the small door of Abu Bakr." 00:18:43.440 --> 00:18:44.200 In another narration: 00:18:44.880 --> 00:18:45.680 Or he said: 00:18:46.240 --> 00:18:46.759 "Khayr..." 00:18:47.519 --> 00:18:49.359 "For he appointed him..." 00:18:49.960 --> 00:18:50.759 or he said: 00:18:51.240 --> 00:18:52.400 "He decreed it..." 00:18:53.509 --> 00:18:55.509 Commentary on the hadith: 00:18:57.069 --> 00:18:58.269 "Having wrapped his head": 00:18:58.869 --> 00:19:00.670 meaning he bound and tied his head 00:19:01.430 --> 00:19:02.150 "with a piece of cloth": 00:19:02.589 --> 00:19:03.470 meaning a headband. 00:19:04.230 --> 00:19:04.950 "Close up": 00:19:05.470 --> 00:19:08.029 he intended the sealing and abolishing of these doors, 00:19:08.829 --> 00:19:10.589 "except the small door of Abu Bakr." 00:19:11.309 --> 00:19:15.829 Since he closed all the doors except the door of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:19:16.349 --> 00:19:19.430 it indicated that he would come out from it to lead the prayer. 00:19:20.109 --> 00:19:22.470 Thus, it was as if he (peace be upon him) 00:19:22.910 --> 00:19:26.470 indicated that the one to succeed him would do likewise. 00:19:27.710 --> 00:19:30.029 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:19:31.250 --> 00:19:32.769 It is derived from the hadith 00:19:33.450 --> 00:19:36.130 that it is permissible to wrap a bandage around the head. 00:19:36.730 --> 00:19:39.970 It also demonstrates the virtue of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:19:40.759 --> 00:19:45.279 In the hadith is also an allusion to the caliphate of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:19:46.079 --> 00:19:51.160 It also demonstrates the virtue of spending in the cause of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, and spreading the message. 00:19:51.950 --> 00:19:56.269 It also indicates the permissibility of opening doors to mosques according to need. 00:19:59.109 --> 00:20:01.430 Chapter: Raising the voice in mosques. 00:20:02.829 --> 00:20:05.109 On the authority of as-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, who said: 00:20:05.789 --> 00:20:07.710 While I was standing in the mosque, 00:20:08.349 --> 00:20:09.750 a man threw pebbles at me. 00:20:10.309 --> 00:20:11.069 I looked, 00:20:11.470 --> 00:20:13.349 and behold, it was 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. 00:20:14.109 --> 00:20:14.750 He said, 00:20:15.349 --> 00:20:17.589 "Go and bring me these two men." 00:20:18.269 --> 00:20:19.710 So I brought them to him. 00:20:20.430 --> 00:20:20.950 He asked, 00:20:21.430 --> 00:20:22.509 "Who are you?" 00:20:23.069 --> 00:20:24.990 or, "Where are you from?" 00:20:25.779 --> 00:20:26.420 They replied, 00:20:26.900 --> 00:20:28.380 "From the people of at-Ta'if." 00:20:29.369 --> 00:20:29.930 He said, 00:20:30.569 --> 00:20:34.009 "Had you been from the people of this city, I would have made it painful for you! 00:20:34.799 --> 00:20:40.160 You raise your voices in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?!" 00:20:41.200 --> 00:20:43.400 Commentary on the hadith: 00:20:44.650 --> 00:20:45.650 "He threw pebbles at me": 00:20:46.130 --> 00:20:48.569 meaning he tossed small stones at me. 00:20:49.460 --> 00:20:51.259 "Had you been from the people of this city": 00:20:51.819 --> 00:20:53.099 meaning from Madinah. 00:20:53.910 --> 00:20:55.230 "I would have made it painful for you": 00:20:55.549 --> 00:20:56.630 meaning by beating you. 00:20:57.950 --> 00:21:00.309 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:21:01.490 --> 00:21:02.970 It is derived from the hadith 00:21:03.690 --> 00:21:07.089 that it is legitimate to accept the excuse of those who are ignorant of the ruling, 00:21:07.410 --> 00:21:10.009 whenever it concerns a matter that can easily be overlooked. 00:21:10.730 --> 00:21:16.690 It also shows the permissibility of the leader disciplining anyone who raises his voice in the mosque with clamor and the like. 00:21:17.549 --> 00:21:22.430 The ruler may also state the reason for which the offender deserved punishment. 00:21:23.259 --> 00:21:28.220 It also shows the obligation of venerating and revering the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:21:30.890 --> 00:21:33.569 Chapter: Study Circles and Sitting in the Mosque. 00:21:34.970 --> 00:21:36.490 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar, who said: 00:21:37.089 --> 00:21:41.809 A man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he was upon the pulpit, 00:21:42.450 --> 00:21:44.609 "What do you say regarding the night prayer?" 00:21:45.369 --> 00:21:45.930 He replied, 00:21:46.490 --> 00:21:47.930 "It is offered two rak'ahs by two." 00:21:48.569 --> 00:21:49.970 "Then, if he fears the approach of dawn," 00:21:50.369 --> 00:21:51.650 "let him pray a single rak'ah," 00:21:52.250 --> 00:21:54.369 "which will make odd-numbered what he has prayed." 00:21:55.329 --> 00:21:56.970 And he used to say, 00:21:57.609 --> 00:22:00.289 "Make the last of your night prayer an odd number (witr)," 00:22:00.930 --> 00:22:04.569 for the Prophet (peace be upon him) commanded it. 00:22:05.900 --> 00:22:08.059 Commentary on the hadith: 00:22:09.299 --> 00:22:11.660 "Chapter: Study Circles and Sitting in the Mosque." 00:22:12.460 --> 00:22:14.220 What is meant by "circle" here 00:22:14.700 --> 00:22:17.539 is people sitting together in the form of a circle in the mosque. 00:22:18.579 --> 00:22:20.299 "What do you say regarding the night prayer?" 00:22:20.940 --> 00:22:23.259 That is: what is the manner of performing the night prayer? 00:22:24.220 --> 00:22:25.539 "Then, if he fears the approach of dawn," 00:22:26.220 --> 00:22:28.259 meaning that he might miss the Witr prayer, 00:22:29.140 --> 00:22:30.299 "let him pray a single rak'ah," 00:22:30.859 --> 00:22:32.500 meaning one rak'ah. 00:22:33.670 --> 00:22:35.789 Points of benefit from the hadith: 00:22:37.180 --> 00:22:38.619 It is derived from this hadith that: 00:22:39.339 --> 00:22:44.339 There is no harm in the khatib answering when asked about a religious matter while delivering the sermon, 00:22:44.940 --> 00:22:47.339 and doing so does not invalidate or disrupt his sermon. 00:22:48.089 --> 00:22:52.730 It also contains a clarification that the voluntary night prayer is performed two rak'ahs by two, 00:22:53.450 --> 00:22:55.410 and that Witr can be a single rak'ah, 00:22:55.930 --> 00:22:57.450 though there is scholarly disagreement on this matter. 00:22:58.410 --> 00:23:01.049 It also indicates that the time for the Witr prayer 00:23:01.450 --> 00:23:03.410 extends until the break of dawn. 00:23:04.269 --> 00:23:07.470 It also contains an encouragement to maintain the Witr prayer regularly. 00:23:08.230 --> 00:23:11.829 It also directs that asking questions is the key to knowledge. 00:23:14.710 --> 00:23:17.990 Chapter: Lying Down in the Mosque and Stretching Out the Legs. 00:23:19.549 --> 00:23:20.630 On the authority of Ibn Shihab, 00:23:21.109 --> 00:23:22.630 from 'Abbad Ibn Tamim, 00:23:22.990 --> 00:23:23.789 from his paternal uncle, 00:23:24.549 --> 00:23:29.549 that he saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) lying on his back in the mosque, 00:23:30.190 --> 00:23:32.910 placing one of his legs over the other. 00:23:33.859 --> 00:23:34.980 And from Ibn Shihab, 00:23:35.579 --> 00:23:37.740 from Sa'id Ibn al-Musayyib, who said: 00:23:38.380 --> 00:23:41.220 'Umar and 'Uthman used to do that as well. 00:23:42.619 --> 00:23:44.779 Commentary on the hadith: 00:23:46.000 --> 00:23:47.039 "Lying down" 00:23:47.440 --> 00:23:48.519 means lying flat on his back. 00:23:49.279 --> 00:23:49.920 "His paternal uncle" 00:23:50.480 --> 00:23:53.279 is 'Abdullah Ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:23:54.579 --> 00:23:56.859 Points of benefit from the hadith: 00:23:58.410 --> 00:23:59.930 It is derived from this hadith that: 00:24:00.690 --> 00:24:05.529 It is permissible to recline, lie down, and take all forms of rest in the mosque, 00:24:06.009 --> 00:24:07.130 provided one remains properly covered, 00:24:07.769 --> 00:24:10.170 and so long as it causes no inconvenience or harm to others. 00:24:11.059 --> 00:24:16.059 The hadith also serves as evidence for the authoritative legal status of the Sunnah of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs.