WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:16.300 Chapter: The Prohibition of Treachery. 00:00:16.300 --> 00:00:18.300 Allah the Almighty said: 00:00:18.300 --> 00:00:23.530 “O ye who believe! Fulfil your indentures. The beast of cattle is made lawful unto you (for food) except that which is announced unto you (herein), game being unlawful when ye are on the pilgrimage. Lo! Allah ordaineth that which pleaseth Him.” (5:1) 00:00:23.530 --> 00:00:25.530 And the Almighty also said: 00:00:25.530 --> 00:00:27.530 "And fulfill every commitment." 00:00:27.530 --> 00:00:30.530 “Come not near the wealth of the orphan save with that which is better till he come to strength; and keep the covenant. Lo! of the covenant it will be asked.” (17:34) 00:00:32.619 --> 00:00:36.619 On the authority of Abdullah ibn Umar ibn al-As, may Allah be pleased with them both: 00:00:36.619 --> 00:00:40.619 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:00:40.619 --> 00:00:46.740 "There are four traits, whoever possesses them is a pure hypocrite; 00:00:46.740 --> 00:00:49.740 and whoever possesses one of them, 00:00:49.740 --> 00:00:54.740 possesses a trait of hypocrisy until he abandons it: 00:00:54.740 --> 00:00:56.939 when he is entrusted, he betrays; 00:00:56.939 --> 00:00:58.939 when he speaks, he lies; 00:00:58.939 --> 00:01:00.939 when he makes a covenant, he acts treacherously; 00:01:00.939 --> 00:01:03.939 and when he disputes, he behaves wickedly." 00:01:03.939 --> 00:01:06.189 Agreed upon. 00:01:06.189 --> 00:01:12.859 On the authority of Ibn Mas‘ud, Ibn Umar, and others, may Allah be pleased with them, they said: 00:01:12.859 --> 00:01:16.900 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:16.900 --> 00:01:20.930 "For every treacherous person, there shall be a banner on the Day of Resurrection, 00:01:20.930 --> 00:01:24.930 it will be said: 'This is the treachery of so-and-so.'" 00:01:24.930 --> 00:01:26.930 Agreed upon. 00:01:28.379 --> 00:01:32.379 On the authority of Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:01:32.379 --> 00:01:36.439 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:36.439 --> 00:01:41.439 "For every treacherous person, there shall be a banner at his posterior on the Day of Resurrection, 00:01:41.439 --> 00:01:44.439 raised for him in proportion to his treachery. 00:01:44.439 --> 00:01:49.730 Beware, there is no treachery greater than that of a general leader." 00:01:49.730 --> 00:01:51.730 Narrated by Muslim. 00:01:51.730 --> 00:01:54.620 The banner: 00:01:54.620 --> 00:01:58.620 Meaning the great flag held by the commander of an army. 00:01:58.620 --> 00:02:00.689 His posterior: 00:02:00.689 --> 00:02:03.489 Meaning his backside. 00:02:03.489 --> 00:02:05.489 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:05.489 --> 00:02:07.780 The severe prohibition of treachery, 00:02:07.780 --> 00:02:10.780 especially from one in a position of authority, 00:02:10.780 --> 00:02:12.780 because his treachery is greater, 00:02:12.780 --> 00:02:16.780 as it affects a great number of people. 00:02:16.780 --> 00:02:20.219 The intense condemnation of treachery, 00:02:20.219 --> 00:02:26.219 because it exposes the person before all creation on the Day of Resurrection with a sign, 00:02:26.219 --> 00:02:29.219 which is the banner that will be with him. 00:02:29.219 --> 00:02:33.669 People will be called on the Day of Resurrection by their fathers, 00:02:33.669 --> 00:02:35.669 because he said: 00:02:35.669 --> 00:02:38.669 "This is the treachery of so-and-so, son of so-and-so," 00:02:38.669 --> 00:02:42.669 as in the other narration of this hadith. 00:02:42.669 --> 00:02:45.150 It is a humiliation for the treacherous person, 00:02:45.150 --> 00:02:48.150 because the banner will be at his backside, 00:02:48.150 --> 00:02:53.150 knowing that a banner is usually held in front and raised high. 00:02:53.150 --> 00:02:55.150 As for the treacherous person, 00:02:55.150 --> 00:02:58.150 it is behind him and pointing downward, 00:02:58.150 --> 00:03:01.150 and this is an increase in his disgrace. 00:03:01.150 --> 00:03:05.689 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:03:05.689 --> 00:03:09.689 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:03:09.689 --> 00:03:11.719 Allah the Almighty said: 00:03:11.719 --> 00:03:15.939 "There are three whom I will oppose on the Day of Resurrection: 00:03:16.939 --> 00:03:20.099 a man who gave in My name then betrayed, 00:03:20.099 --> 00:03:24.259 a man who sold a free person and consumed his price, 00:03:24.259 --> 00:03:27.419 and a man who hired a worker, 00:03:27.419 --> 00:03:31.419 received full work from him, but did not pay his wage." 00:03:31.419 --> 00:03:34.710 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:03:34.710 --> 00:03:37.580 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:37.580 --> 00:03:43.860 The severity of Allah opposing these three specifically, above others. 00:03:43.860 --> 00:03:49.250 A warning against breaking a covenant made and sworn upon by Allah. 00:03:49.250 --> 00:03:52.699 A prohibition against enslaving free people. 00:03:52.699 --> 00:03:59.180 A warning against withholding the wage of a worker after receiving the work. 00:03:59.180 --> 00:04:05.860 Chapter: The Prohibition of Reminding Others of One's Charity and Similar Acts. 00:04:05.860 --> 00:04:09.860 Allah the Almighty said: 00:04:09.860 --> 00:04:17.050 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:04:17.050 --> 00:04:19.139 And the Almighty said: 00:04:19.139 --> 00:04:29.139 “Those who spend their wealth for the cause of Allah and afterward make not reproach and injury to follow that which they have spent; their reward is with their Lord, and there shall no fear come upon them, neither shall they grieve.” (2:262) 00:04:29.139 --> 00:04:33.199 On the authority of Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:04:33.199 --> 00:04:37.199 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:04:37.199 --> 00:04:42.259 "There are three to whom Allah will not speak on the Day of Resurrection, 00:04:42.259 --> 00:04:45.259 nor will He look at them, nor will He purify them, 00:04:46.259 --> 00:04:48.259 and for them is a painful punishment." 00:04:48.259 --> 00:04:55.360 He said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, repeated this three times. 00:04:55.360 --> 00:04:57.360 Abu Dharr said: 00:04:57.360 --> 00:05:02.360 "They are ruined and lost! Who are they, O Messenger of Allah?" 00:05:02.360 --> 00:05:10.490 He said: "The one who lets his garment trail, the one who reminds others of his charity, and the one who sells his merchandise by means of false oaths." 00:05:10.490 --> 00:05:12.620 Narrated by Muslim. 00:05:13.810 --> 00:05:17.810 In a narration of his: "The one who lets his lower garment trail." 00:05:17.810 --> 00:05:24.810 Meaning the one who lets his lower garment or robe hang below the ankles out of arrogance. 00:05:24.810 --> 00:05:30.819 Chapter: The Prohibition of Pride and Oppression. 00:05:30.819 --> 00:05:34.899 Allah the Almighty said: 00:05:34.899 --> 00:05:40.939 “Those who avoid enormities of sin and abominations, save the unwilled offences - (for them) lo! thy Lord is of vast mercy. He is Best Aware of you (from the time) when He created you from the earth, and when ye were hidden in the bellies of your mothers. Therefor ascribe not purity unto yourselves. He is Best Aware of him who wardeth off (evil).” (53:32) 00:05:40.939 --> 00:05:43.060 And the Almighty said: 00:05:43.060 --> 00:05:50.129 “The way (of blame) is only against those who oppress mankind, and wrongfully rebel in the earth. For such there is a painful doom.” (42:42) 00:05:50.129 --> 00:05:54.129 "For them is a painful punishment." 00:05:54.129 --> 00:05:59.310 On the authority of ‘Iyad ibn Himar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:05:59.310 --> 00:06:03.310 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:06:03.310 --> 00:06:08.339 "Verily, Allah the Almighty has revealed to me that you should be humble, 00:06:08.339 --> 00:06:12.339 so that no one oppresses another, 00:06:12.339 --> 00:06:16.500 and no one boasts over another." 00:06:16.500 --> 00:06:18.759 Narrated by Muslim. 00:06:18.759 --> 00:06:20.759 The linguists said: 00:06:20.759 --> 00:06:21.759 Oppression (al-baghy): 00:06:21.759 --> 00:06:25.689 Transgression and arrogance. 00:06:25.689 --> 00:06:27.689 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:27.689 --> 00:06:33.040 The prohibition of some servants considering themselves superior to others. 00:06:33.040 --> 00:06:37.420 The prohibition of boasting, which breeds oppression. 00:06:37.420 --> 00:06:40.970 The Sunnah is a revelation from Allah, 00:06:40.970 --> 00:06:45.089 but it is not recited (as Qur'an). 00:06:45.089 --> 00:06:48.089 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:06:48.089 --> 00:06:52.089 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:06:52.089 --> 00:06:58.310 "If a man says, 'The people are ruined,' then he is the most ruined among them." 00:06:58.310 --> 00:07:00.540 Narrated by Muslim. 00:07:00.540 --> 00:07:05.540 The famous narration is "ahlakuhum" (the most ruined of them) with a damma on the kaf. 00:07:05.540 --> 00:07:07.540 And it was narrated with a fatha (ahlakahum - he is the one who ruined them). 00:07:07.540 --> 00:07:11.540 This prohibition applies to one who says it out of self-admiration, 00:07:11.540 --> 00:07:15.540 belittling others and elevating himself above them. 00:07:15.540 --> 00:07:17.540 This is what is forbidden. 00:07:17.540 --> 00:07:22.540 As for one who says it because he sees a deficiency in the people regarding their religion, 00:07:22.540 --> 00:07:26.540 and says it out of sorrow for them and for the religion, 00:07:26.540 --> 00:07:28.569 then there is no harm in it. 00:07:28.569 --> 00:07:31.569 This is how the scholars interpreted and detailed it. 00:07:31.569 --> 00:07:35.569 Among those who said this from the leading Imams: 00:07:35.569 --> 00:07:38.569 Malik ibn Anas and al-Khattabi, 00:07:38.569 --> 00:07:41.569 and al-Humaydi and others. 00:07:41.569 --> 00:07:46.560 I have clarified this in the book *al-Adhkar*. 00:07:46.560 --> 00:07:48.560 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:07:48.560 --> 00:07:52.819 The prohibition of self-admiration and despising others, 00:07:52.819 --> 00:07:54.819 and preferring oneself over them, 00:07:54.819 --> 00:08:00.170 because one does not know the status of people before their Lord. 00:08:00.170 --> 00:08:03.170 Whoever does that is worse than them, 00:08:03.170 --> 00:08:08.709 due to the sin he incurs by finding fault with them and backbiting them. 00:08:08.709 --> 00:08:11.709 The Muslim fulfills the duty of calling to Allah 00:08:11.709 --> 00:08:14.709 when he sees the corruption of the people, 00:08:14.709 --> 00:08:18.709 and this situation requires compassion for those who differ, 00:08:18.709 --> 00:08:22.709 and not being hasty in wishing for punishment to befall them. 00:08:22.709 --> 00:08:28.620 Chapter: The Prohibition of Boycotting Between Muslims. 00:08:28.620 --> 00:08:30.620 Beyond three days, 00:08:30.620 --> 00:08:33.620 except for an innovation in the one being boycotted, 00:08:33.620 --> 00:08:38.460 or an open display of immorality, or similar reasons. 00:08:38.460 --> 00:08:40.460 Allah the Almighty said: 00:08:40.460 --> 00:08:46.519 “The believers are naught else than brothers. Therefore make peace between your brethren and observe your duty to Allah that haply ye may obtain mercy.” (49:10) 00:08:46.519 --> 00:08:48.519 And the Almighty said: 00:08:48.519 --> 00:08:52.519 “O ye who believe! Profane not Allah's monuments nor the Sacred Month nor the offerings nor the garlands, nor those repairing to the Sacred House, seeking the grace and pleasure of their Lord. But when ye have left the sacred territory, then go hunting (if ye will). And let not your hatred of a folk who (once) stopped your going to the inviolable place of worship seduce you to transgress; but help ye one another unto righteousness and pious duty. Help not one another unto sin and transgression, but keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is severe in punishment.” (5:2) 00:08:52.519 --> 00:08:56.769 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:08:56.769 --> 00:09:00.769 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:09:00.769 --> 00:09:02.769 "Do not cut off relations, 00:09:02.769 --> 00:09:04.769 do not turn your backs on one another, 00:09:04.769 --> 00:09:06.769 do not hate one another, 00:09:06.769 --> 00:09:08.769 and do not envy one another. 00:09:08.769 --> 00:09:11.769 And be, O servants of Allah, brothers. 00:09:11.769 --> 00:09:16.799 It is not lawful for a Muslim to boycott his brother for more than three days." 00:09:16.799 --> 00:09:18.990 Agreed upon. 00:09:18.990 --> 00:09:22.440 On the authority of Abu Ayyub, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:09:22.440 --> 00:09:27.440 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:09:27.440 --> 00:09:32.500 "It is not lawful for a Muslim to boycott his brother for more than three nights; 00:09:32.500 --> 00:09:34.500 they meet, 00:09:34.500 --> 00:09:37.500 and this one turns away, and that one turns away. 00:09:37.500 --> 00:09:40.500 The better of the two is the one who initiates the greeting." 00:09:40.500 --> 00:09:43.600 Agreed upon. 00:09:43.600 --> 00:09:46.500 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:09:46.500 --> 00:09:49.750 The permissibility of boycotting for the sake of one's own ego 00:09:49.750 --> 00:09:51.750 for three nights, 00:09:51.750 --> 00:09:53.750 and this is out of kindness, 00:09:53.750 --> 00:09:58.750 because it is in the nature of humans to have anger, bad temper, and the like, 00:09:58.750 --> 00:10:03.750 and usually, this fades or diminishes within three nights. 00:10:03.750 --> 00:10:07.200 The expression of "brotherhood" in the hadith 00:10:07.200 --> 00:10:10.200 encourages maintaining ties, 00:10:10.200 --> 00:10:13.200 and warns against turning away and cutting off relations. 00:10:13.200 --> 00:10:17.580 Boycotting and turning away are ended by the greeting, 00:10:17.580 --> 00:10:21.580 unless ceasing to speak causes harm to the other. 00:10:21.580 --> 00:10:24.029 The better of the two disputants 00:10:24.029 --> 00:10:28.029 is the one who initiates the greeting and conversation with his brother, 00:10:28.029 --> 00:10:32.029 thereby removing the causes of turning away and cutting off relations. 00:10:32.029 --> 00:10:37.090 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:10:37.090 --> 00:10:41.090 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:10:41.090 --> 00:10:45.149 "Deeds are presented every Monday and Thursday, 00:10:45.149 --> 00:10:50.149 and Allah forgives every person who does not associate anything with Allah, 00:10:50.149 --> 00:10:54.149 except for a person between whom and his brother there is animosity. 00:10:54.149 --> 00:10:56.149 He says: 00:10:56.149 --> 00:11:00.149 'Leave these two until they reconcile.'" 00:11:00.149 --> 00:11:02.279 Narrated by Muslim. 00:11:02.279 --> 00:11:05.759 On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:11:05.759 --> 00:11:10.759 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saying: 00:11:10.759 --> 00:11:14.759 "Satan has despaired that the worshippers will worship him 00:11:14.759 --> 00:11:16.759 in the Arabian Peninsula, 00:11:16.759 --> 00:11:20.759 but he is active in sowing discord among them." 00:11:20.759 --> 00:11:22.860 Narrated by Muslim. 00:11:22.860 --> 00:11:24.110 Sowing discord: 00:11:24.110 --> 00:11:29.110 Causing corruption, turning their hearts against each other, and causing them to cut off relations. 00:11:29.110 --> 00:11:33.909 "Despaired" (yaysa) comes from despair, which is hopelessness. 00:11:35.070 --> 00:11:38.070 "The worshippers" means the Muslims. 00:11:38.070 --> 00:11:41.809 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:41.970 --> 00:11:46.970 Iblis will not succeed in getting any of the Muslims to worship him. 00:11:46.970 --> 00:11:52.450 Satan has various methods he uses against the Muslims 00:11:52.450 --> 00:11:56.450 to divide their unity and scatter their gathering. 00:11:56.450 --> 00:12:01.899 Prayer is the greatest ritual of the religion after the good word, 00:12:01.899 --> 00:12:05.899 and therefore the Muslims were called "the worshippers." 00:12:05.899 --> 00:12:11.340 The Arabian Peninsula has characteristics distinct from other lands. 00:12:11.340 --> 00:12:14.759 The hadith is among the signs of Prophethood, 00:12:14.759 --> 00:12:19.759 for what the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, informed us of has come to pass; 00:12:19.759 --> 00:12:22.759 the Ummah has become many nations, 00:12:22.759 --> 00:12:25.759 and the religion has become many sects and factions. 00:12:25.759 --> 00:12:28.759 We seek refuge in Allah from an evil outcome. 00:12:28.759 --> 00:12:32.850 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:32.850 --> 00:12:36.850 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:12:36.850 --> 00:12:41.850 "It is not lawful for a Muslim to boycott his brother for more than three days. 00:12:41.850 --> 00:12:46.980 Whoever boycotts for more than three and dies, enters the Fire." 00:12:46.980 --> 00:12:53.230 Narrated by Abu Dawud with an isnad meeting the criteria of al-Bukhari and Muslim. 00:12:53.230 --> 00:12:56.059 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:56.059 --> 00:13:00.320 An explanation of the evil consequence of persisting in boycotting. 00:13:00.320 --> 00:13:04.860 Persisting in boycotting and cutting off relations without a legal reason 00:13:04.860 --> 00:13:10.860 is one of the major sins that casts its perpetrator into the Fire of Hell, 00:13:10.860 --> 00:13:12.860 we seek refuge in Allah. 00:13:12.860 --> 00:13:18.860 Narrated by Abu Khirash Hadrad Ibn Abi Hadrad al-Aslami, 00:13:18.860 --> 00:13:23.860 who is also said to be al-Sulami, a Companion, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:13:23.860 --> 00:13:28.860 that he heard the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:13:28.860 --> 00:13:33.860 "Whoever boycotts his brother for a year, it is as if he has shed his blood." 00:13:33.860 --> 00:13:36.950 It was recorded by Abu Dawud. 00:13:36.950 --> 00:13:41.690 "As if he has shed his blood" means he has killed him wrongfully. 00:13:41.690 --> 00:13:45.389 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:13:45.389 --> 00:13:47.620 It clarifies the gravity of the sin of boycotting others. 00:13:47.620 --> 00:13:50.620 It draws a parallel in terms of punishment 00:13:50.620 --> 00:13:52.620 to the punishment of a murderer, 00:13:52.620 --> 00:13:54.620 because boycotting is a form of spiritual killing 00:13:54.620 --> 00:13:58.620 that is no less evil than physical killing. 00:13:58.620 --> 00:14:02.700 Narrated by Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:14:02.700 --> 00:14:06.700 that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:14:06.700 --> 00:14:11.700 "It is not lawful for a believer to boycott a believer for more than three days." 00:14:11.700 --> 00:14:14.799 If three days have passed, 00:14:14.799 --> 00:14:17.799 he should meet him and offer him the greeting of peace (salam). 00:14:17.799 --> 00:14:19.860 If he returns the greeting, 00:14:19.860 --> 00:14:22.860 then both of them share in the reward. 00:14:22.860 --> 00:14:24.860 But if he does not return the greeting, 00:14:24.860 --> 00:14:26.860 then he (the one who refused) bears the sin, 00:14:27.860 --> 00:14:30.860 while the one who offered the greeting has cleared himself of the boycott. 00:14:30.860 --> 00:14:34.149 It was recorded by Abu Dawud. 00:14:34.149 --> 00:14:36.149 Abu Dawud said: 00:14:36.149 --> 00:14:39.149 "If the boycott is for the sake of Allah the Exalted, 00:14:39.149 --> 00:14:42.149 then it does not fall under this prohibition at all." 00:14:42.149 --> 00:14:46.399 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:14:46.399 --> 00:14:48.399 Whoever initiates the greeting 00:14:48.399 --> 00:14:49.399 is absolved of the boycott, 00:14:49.399 --> 00:14:52.399 even if his opponent does not return the greeting. 00:14:52.820 --> 00:14:55.820 It is permissible to boycott for the sake of Allah the Exalted. 00:14:55.820 --> 00:14:59.649 Riyad al-Salihin.