WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:13.919 --> 00:00:15.960 Surah al-Kahf. 00:00:15.960 --> 00:00:22.390 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.390 --> 00:00:27.460 Present to them the parable of the two men. 00:00:27.460 --> 00:00:33.020 “Coin for them a similitude: Two men, unto one of whom We had assigned two gardens of grapes, and We had surrounded both with date-palms and had put between them tillage.” (18:32) 00:00:33.259 --> 00:00:38.259 “Coin for them a similitude: Two men, unto one of whom We had assigned two gardens of grapes, and We had surrounded both with date-palms and had put between them tillage.” (18:32) 00:00:38.259 --> 00:00:41.259 We surrounded them both with date palms. 00:00:41.259 --> 00:00:44.780 And We placed crops between them. 00:00:44.780 --> 00:00:48.780 Both gardens yielded their produce. 00:00:48.780 --> 00:00:52.780 “Each of the gardens gave its fruit and withheld naught thereof. And We caused a river to gush forth therein.” (18:33) 00:00:52.780 --> 00:00:57.740 And We caused a river to flow through their midst. 00:00:57.740 --> 00:01:02.740 Present, O Muhammad, to these polytheists who associate partners with Allah, the parable of two men. 00:01:02.740 --> 00:01:06.739 We gave one of them two gardens of grapevines. 00:01:06.739 --> 00:01:09.739 We surrounded these two gardens with date palms. 00:01:09.739 --> 00:01:13.739 And we placed crops in the center of these two gardens. 00:01:13.739 --> 00:01:19.739 Both gardens yielded their fruits and whatever was planted within them, of palms and vines. 00:01:19.739 --> 00:01:22.739 They did not fall short in their yield at all. 00:01:22.739 --> 00:01:25.739 Rather, they produced it fully and completely. 00:01:25.739 --> 00:01:29.739 And We caused a river to flow through these two gardens. 00:01:29.739 --> 00:01:37.799 “And he had fruit. And he said unto his comrade, when he spake with him: I am more than thee in wealth, and stronger in respect of men.” (18:34) 00:01:37.799 --> 00:01:41.799 “And he had fruit. And he said unto his comrade, when he spake with him: I am more than thee in wealth, and stronger in respect of men.” (18:34) 00:01:41.799 --> 00:01:47.799 “And he had fruit. And he said unto his comrade, when he spake with him: I am more than thee in wealth, and stronger in respect of men.” (18:34) 00:01:47.799 --> 00:01:52.569 He possessed various types of fruits from his two gardens. 00:01:52.569 --> 00:01:56.569 He said to his companion, who possessed no wealth, while addressing him: 00:01:56.569 --> 00:02:00.569 "I am greater than you in wealth and mightier in number of people." 00:02:00.569 --> 00:02:05.569 "I am wealthier than you and have a more powerful clan and following." 00:02:05.569 --> 00:02:11.300 “And he went into his garden, while he (thus) wronged himself. He said: I think not that all this will ever perish.” (18:35) 00:02:11.300 --> 00:02:16.300 “And he went into his garden, while he (thus) wronged himself. He said: I think not that all this will ever perish.” (18:35) 00:02:16.300 --> 00:02:22.300 "And I do not think the Hour will ever come." 00:02:22.300 --> 00:02:28.300 "And even if I am returned to my Lord, I will surely find something better than this." 00:02:28.300 --> 00:02:35.300 “I think not that the Hour will ever come, and if indeed I am brought back unto my Lord I surely shall find better than this as a resort.” (18:36) 00:02:35.300 --> 00:02:39.979 He entered his garden while being a wrongdoer, disbelieving in the Resurrection. 00:02:39.979 --> 00:02:42.979 By doing so, he incurred the wrath of Allah. 00:02:42.979 --> 00:02:45.979 He said when he looked upon his garden: 00:02:45.979 --> 00:02:49.979 "I do not think this garden will ever perish." 00:02:49.979 --> 00:02:55.979 "And I do not think the Hour that Allah promised His creation will come to pass." 00:02:55.979 --> 00:02:58.979 "And if I am returned to my Lord, and brought back to Him," 00:02:58.979 --> 00:03:03.979 "I will surely find something better than this garden of mine with Allah." 00:03:03.979 --> 00:03:06.979 "For He would not have given me this garden in this world," 00:03:06.979 --> 00:03:11.979 "Unless I had something better with Him in the Hereafter, if I were to be returned to Him." 00:03:11.979 --> 00:03:17.259 “His comrade, when he (thus) spake with him, exclaimed: Disbelievest thou in Him Who created thee of dust, then of a drop (of seed), and then fashioned thee a man?” (18:37) 00:03:17.259 --> 00:03:25.259 Have you disbelieved in the One who created you from dust? 00:03:25.259 --> 00:03:35.259 “His comrade, when he (thus) spake with him, exclaimed: Disbelievest thou in Him Who created thee of dust, then of a drop (of seed), and then fashioned thee a man?” (18:37) 00:03:35.259 --> 00:03:39.259 But as for me, Allah is my Lord. 00:03:39.259 --> 00:03:43.259 “But He is Allah, my Lord, and I ascribe unto my Lord no partner.” (18:38) 00:03:43.259 --> 00:03:48.180 The one who was lesser than him in wealth and children said to him, 00:03:48.180 --> 00:03:51.180 While addressing and speaking to him: 00:03:51.180 --> 00:03:55.180 "Have you disbelieved in the One who created your father Adam from dust," 00:03:55.180 --> 00:03:58.180 "Then fashioned you from a drop of man and woman," 00:03:58.180 --> 00:04:01.180 "Then fashioned you into a complete human being," 00:04:01.180 --> 00:04:04.180 "A man, not a woman?" 00:04:04.180 --> 00:04:08.180 "As for me, I do not disbelieve in my Lord." 00:04:08.180 --> 00:04:10.180 "But I say:" 00:04:10.180 --> 00:04:15.180 “But He is Allah, my Lord, and I ascribe unto my Lord no partner.” (18:38) 00:04:15.180 --> 00:04:21.860 “If only, when thou enteredst thy garden, thou hadst said: That which Allah willeth (will come to pass)! There is no strength save in Allah! Though thou seest me as less than thee in wealth and children,” (18:39) 00:04:21.860 --> 00:04:26.860 "There is no power except by Allah." 00:04:26.860 --> 00:04:33.860 "If you see me as less than you in wealth and children," 00:04:33.860 --> 00:04:41.079 "Then perhaps my Lord will give me something better than your garden," 00:04:41.079 --> 00:04:50.079 “Yet it may be that my Lord will give me better than thy garden, and will send on it a bolt from heaven, and some morning it will be a smooth hillside,” (18:40) 00:04:50.079 --> 00:04:54.079 "And it will become a slippery, barren ground." 00:04:54.079 --> 00:04:58.079 “Or some morning the water thereof will be lost in the earth so that thou canst not make search for it.” (18:41) 00:04:58.079 --> 00:05:02.079 “Or some morning the water thereof will be lost in the earth so that thou canst not make search for it.” (18:41) 00:05:02.079 --> 00:05:05.660 "And why, when you entered your garden," 00:05:05.660 --> 00:05:07.660 "And were amazed by what you saw of it," 00:05:07.660 --> 00:05:10.660 "Did you not say: 'What Allah wills comes to pass'?" 00:05:10.660 --> 00:05:15.660 "There is no power to perform His obedience except through Him." 00:05:15.660 --> 00:05:17.689 "If you see me, O man," 00:05:17.689 --> 00:05:20.689 “If only, when thou enteredst thy garden, thou hadst said: That which Allah willeth (will come to pass)! There is no strength save in Allah! Though thou seest me as less than thee in wealth and children,” (18:39) 00:05:20.689 --> 00:05:25.689 "Then perhaps my Lord will provide me with something better than this garden of yours," 00:05:25.689 --> 00:05:30.689 "And send upon your garden a calamity from the sky, striking it down," 00:05:30.689 --> 00:05:34.689 "So that your garden becomes a smooth, barren land with nothing in it," 00:05:34.689 --> 00:05:38.689 "Slippery, where no foot can find purchase due to its smoothness," 00:05:38.689 --> 00:05:42.689 "And the vegetation that was growing in it is wiped away," 00:05:42.689 --> 00:05:46.689 "Or its water becomes gone, having sunk deep into the earth," 00:05:46.689 --> 00:05:49.689 "So that you are unable to reach the water after it has sunk." 00:05:49.689 --> 00:05:53.550 And his fruits were encompassed by destruction. 00:05:53.550 --> 00:06:04.550 “And his fruit was beset (with destruction). Then began he to wring his hands for all that he had spent upon it, when (now) it was all ruined on its trellises, and to say: Would that I had ascribed no partner to my Lord!” (18:42) 00:06:04.550 --> 00:06:08.550 While it was collapsed upon its trellises. 00:06:08.550 --> 00:06:14.550 “And his fruit was beset (with destruction). Then began he to wring his hands for all that he had spent upon it, when (now) it was all ruined on its trellises, and to say: Would that I had ascribed no partner to my Lord!” (18:42) 00:06:14.550 --> 00:06:19.420 Destruction and calamities surrounded his fruits. 00:06:19.420 --> 00:06:23.420 So this disbeliever began to wring his hands, 00:06:23.420 --> 00:06:29.420 In regret and sorrow for the loss of the wealth he had spent on his garden, 00:06:29.420 --> 00:06:33.420 While it lay empty, stripped of its vegetation and structures. 00:06:33.420 --> 00:06:38.420 “And his fruit was beset (with destruction). Then began he to wring his hands for all that he had spent upon it, when (now) it was all ruined on its trellises, and to say: Would that I had ascribed no partner to my Lord!” (18:42) 00:06:38.420 --> 00:06:50.220 “And he had no troop of men to help him as against Allah, nor could he save himself.” (18:43) 00:06:50.220 --> 00:06:54.220 There, the true authority belongs to Allah. 00:06:54.220 --> 00:07:00.220 “In this case is protection only from Allah, the True, He is Best for reward, and best for consequence.” (18:44) 00:07:00.220 --> 00:07:06.819 The owner of these two gardens had no group to protect him from the punishment of Allah. 00:07:06.819 --> 00:07:10.819 Nor could he defend himself against the punishment of Allah when He punished him. 00:07:10.819 --> 00:07:14.819 And that true loyalty belongs to Allah. 00:07:14.819 --> 00:07:18.819 Allah is the best in reward for those who turn to Him in repentance, in this world and the Hereafter. 00:07:18.819 --> 00:07:24.819 And He is the best in outcome in the Hereafter when the obedient servant returns to Him. 00:07:24.819 --> 00:07:40.500 “And coin for them the similitude of the life of the world as water which We send down from the sky, and the vegetation of the earth mingleth with it and then becometh dry twigs that the winds scatter. Allah is able to do all things.” (18:45) 00:07:40.500 --> 00:07:46.500 So the vegetation of the earth mingled with it. 00:07:46.500 --> 00:07:52.500 “And coin for them the similitude of the life of the world as water which We send down from the sky, and the vegetation of the earth mingleth with it and then becometh dry twigs that the winds scatter. Allah is able to do all things.” (18:45) 00:07:52.500 --> 00:07:58.500 “And coin for them the similitude of the life of the world as water which We send down from the sky, and the vegetation of the earth mingleth with it and then becometh dry twigs that the winds scatter. Allah is able to do all things.” (18:45) 00:07:58.500 --> 00:08:04.389 And present to them the likeness of the life of these arrogant ones: 00:08:04.389 --> 00:08:07.389 Like rain We sent down from the sky, 00:08:07.389 --> 00:08:10.389 Whereby the vegetation of the earth mingled with the water, 00:08:10.389 --> 00:08:16.389 Then the vegetation became dry, broken pieces that the winds scatter and disperse. 00:08:16.389 --> 00:08:22.389 And Allah is ever, over all things, powerful; nothing He wills can frustrate Him. 00:08:22.389 --> 00:08:28.000 “Wealth and children are an ornament of the life of the world. But the good deeds which endure are better in thy Lord's sight for reward, and better in respect of hope.” (18:46) 00:08:28.000 --> 00:08:38.000 “Wealth and children are an ornament of the life of the world. But the good deeds which endure are better in thy Lord's sight for reward, and better in respect of hope.” (18:46) 00:08:38.000 --> 00:08:44.610 Wealth and children, O people, are things with which one adorns oneself in the life of this world. 00:08:44.610 --> 00:08:47.610 And they are not part of the provisions of the Hereafter. 00:08:47.610 --> 00:08:52.610 And all righteous deeds that remain for their doer in the Hereafter, 00:08:52.610 --> 00:08:59.610 Are better, O Muhammad, in the sight of your Lord in reward than the wealth and children these polytheists boast of, 00:08:59.610 --> 00:09:01.610 And better in hope. 00:09:01.610 --> 00:09:15.539 “And (bethink you of) the Day when we remove the hills and ye see the earth emerging, and We gather them together so as to leave not one of them behind.” (18:47) 00:09:15.539 --> 00:09:24.539 “And they are set before thy Lord in ranks (and it is said unto them): Now verily have ye come unto Us as We created you at the first. But ye thought that We had set no tryst for you.” (18:48) 00:09:24.539 --> 00:09:32.179 Rather, you claimed that We would not appoint a time for you. 00:09:32.179 --> 00:09:38.179 And the Day We move the mountains across the earth and you see it as scattered dust. 00:09:38.179 --> 00:09:43.179 And you see the earth exposed, with no mountain or tree to conceal it. 00:09:43.179 --> 00:09:49.179 And We gathered them to the place of reckoning, leaving no one beneath the earth. 00:09:49.179 --> 00:09:53.179 And they were presented to your Lord, O Muhammad, in rows. 00:09:53.179 --> 00:09:56.179 It is said to them when they are presented to Allah: 00:09:56.179 --> 00:10:04.179 "You have come to Us, O people, alive, just as We created you the first time." 00:10:04.179 --> 00:10:11.179 "Rather, you claimed that We would not appoint a time for you for resurrection after death and gathering for the Day of Judgment." 00:10:11.179 --> 00:10:35.850 “And the Book is placed, and thou seest the guilty fearful of that which is therein, and they say: What kind of a Book is this that leaveth not a small thing nor a great thing but hath counted it! And they find all that they did confronting them, and thy Lord wrongeth no-one.” (18:49) 00:10:35.850 --> 00:10:39.850 “And the Book is placed, and thou seest the guilty fearful of that which is therein, and they say: What kind of a Book is this that leaveth not a small thing nor a great thing but hath counted it! And they find all that they did confronting them, and thy Lord wrongeth no-one.” (18:49) 00:10:39.850 --> 00:10:44.649 “And the Book is placed, and thou seest the guilty fearful of that which is therein, and they say: What kind of a Book is this that leaveth not a small thing nor a great thing but hath counted it! And they find all that they did confronting them, and thy Lord wrongeth no-one.” (18:49) 00:10:44.649 --> 00:10:49.649 And on that day, Allah will place the book of His servants' deeds in their hands. 00:10:49.649 --> 00:10:52.649 And you will see the criminals who associated partners with Allah, 00:10:52.649 --> 00:10:57.649 Fearful of what is written therein of their evil deeds. 00:10:57.649 --> 00:11:00.649 And they will say when they read their book: 00:11:00.649 --> 00:11:02.649 "Woe to us!" 00:11:02.649 --> 00:11:10.649 "What is this book that leaves out nothing, small or great, of our sins without recording it?" 00:11:10.649 --> 00:11:17.649 And they will find what they did in the world present in that book, written and confirmed. 00:11:17.649 --> 00:11:22.649 And your Lord does not treat anyone unjustly, O Muhammad, in anything. 00:11:22.649 --> 00:11:26.649 He does not reward with goodness except the people of goodness, 00:11:26.649 --> 00:11:29.649 And He does not punish with evil except the people of evil. 00:11:29.649 --> 00:11:33.289 And that is justice. 00:11:33.289 --> 00:11:47.289 “And (remember) when We said unto the angels: Fall prostrate before Adam, and they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He was of the jinn, so he rebelled against his Lord's command. Will ye choose him and his seed for your protecting friends instead of Me, when they are an enemy unto you? Calamitous is the exchange for evil-doers.” (18:50) 00:11:47.289 --> 00:11:56.289 “And (remember) when We said unto the angels: Fall prostrate before Adam, and they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He was of the jinn, so he rebelled against his Lord's command. Will ye choose him and his seed for your protecting friends instead of Me, when they are an enemy unto you? Calamitous is the exchange for evil-doers.” (18:50) 00:11:56.289 --> 00:12:00.700 An evil substitute for the wrongdoers. 00:12:00.700 --> 00:12:04.700 And remember, O Muhammad, when We said to the angels: 00:12:04.700 --> 00:12:08.700 "Prostrate to Adam," and they prostrated, except Iblis. 00:12:08.700 --> 00:12:16.700 For he did not prostrate to him, out of arrogance toward Allah and envy for Adam, and he was of the jinn. 00:12:16.700 --> 00:12:20.700 So he departed from the command of his Lord and deviated and turned away. 00:12:20.700 --> 00:12:25.700 Will you then take him, O children of Adam, and his offspring as allies instead of Allah, while he was arrogant toward your father? 00:12:25.700 --> 00:12:29.700 And will you obey him and his offspring instead of Allah? 00:12:29.700 --> 00:12:33.700 Despite his enmity toward you, both in the past and the present. 00:12:33.700 --> 00:12:40.700 An evil substitute for those who disbelieve in Allah is taking Iblis and his offspring as allies instead of Allah. 00:12:40.700 --> 00:12:46.590 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.