WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.080 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.050 --> 00:00:16.089 Surah al-Jumu'ah. 00:00:19.039 --> 00:00:23.239 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.480 --> 00:00:32.719 “All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth glorifieth Allah, the Sovereign Lord, the Holy One, the Mighty, the Wise.” (62:1) 00:00:33.859 --> 00:00:40.340 Everything in the seven heavens and everything on the earths, from among His creation, declares the perfection of Allah. 00:00:40.659 --> 00:00:43.140 They glorify Him, whether willingly or unwillingly. 00:00:43.759 --> 00:00:47.799 He is the One to whom belongs the dominion of this world and the Hereafter, and the authority over both. 00:00:48.280 --> 00:00:52.320 His command is effective in the heavens, the earth, and everything within them. 00:00:52.759 --> 00:00:56.719 He is pure and exalted above everything that the polytheists attribute to Him. 00:00:57.079 --> 00:01:00.320 They describe Him with attributes that do not befit His majesty. 00:01:00.799 --> 00:01:01.719 He is the Blessed. 00:01:02.240 --> 00:01:04.920 He is severe in His retribution against His enemies. 00:01:05.599 --> 00:01:08.000 He is the All-Wise in the governance of His creation. 00:01:08.480 --> 00:01:13.200 He directs them toward that which He knows is in their best interest. 00:01:14.920 --> 00:01:30.680 “He it is Who hath sent among the unlettered ones a messenger of their own, to recite unto them His revelations and to make them grow, and to teach them the Scripture and wisdom, though heretofore they were indeed in error manifest,” (62:2) 00:01:31.239 --> 00:01:40.560 He teaches them the Book and wisdom, even though they were previously in clear error. 00:01:42.159 --> 00:01:45.359 Allah is the One who sent among the Arabs a Messenger from among themselves. 00:01:45.920 --> 00:01:49.159 His statement is a metonymy for the Name of Allah. 00:01:49.799 --> 00:01:54.799 He recites to these unlettered people the verses of Allah that He revealed to him. 00:01:55.359 --> 00:01:57.519 He purifies them from the filth of disbelief. 00:01:58.000 --> 00:02:02.280 He teaches them the Book of Allah and what it contains of His commands and prohibitions. 00:02:02.719 --> 00:02:05.000 He teaches them the laws of His religion and the Sunnah. 00:02:05.719 --> 00:02:11.360 These unlettered people were, before Allah sent a Messenger among them, 00:02:11.800 --> 00:02:13.960 straying far from the straight path. 00:02:14.479 --> 00:02:20.120 It is clear to anyone who reflects upon it that it was a state of misguidance and deviation from the truth and the path of righteousness. 00:02:21.819 --> 00:02:25.979 “Along with others of them who have not yet joined them. He is the Mighty, the Wise.” (62:3) 00:02:26.419 --> 00:02:29.379 He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. 00:02:30.020 --> 00:02:35.180 That is the bounty of Allah, which He bestows upon whom He wills. 00:02:35.740 --> 00:02:39.379 And Allah is the possessor of great bounty. 00:02:40.889 --> 00:02:44.250 It is He who sent among the unlettered a Messenger from among themselves. 00:02:44.770 --> 00:02:53.169 Every subsequent person who joined those who accompanied the Prophet (peace be upon him) in their Islam, from any race, is included. 00:02:53.569 --> 00:02:56.250 They had not yet come, but they will come. 00:02:56.930 --> 00:03:01.050 Allah is Almighty in His retribution against those among them who disbelieved in Him. 00:03:01.530 --> 00:03:03.849 He is the All-Wise in the governance of His creation. 00:03:04.599 --> 00:03:05.879 This is the bounty of Allah. 00:03:06.439 --> 00:03:09.560 He favored them with it over others. 00:03:10.159 --> 00:03:13.919 Allah bestows His bounty upon whom He wills from among His creation. 00:03:14.520 --> 00:03:17.960 No one deserves blame for what Allah has withheld from them. 00:03:18.400 --> 00:03:21.759 For He did not deny them a right that was previously theirs. 00:03:22.319 --> 00:03:25.280 Nor did He wrong them by diverting it from them to another. 00:03:25.840 --> 00:03:28.479 Rather, He knew who was worthy of it. 00:03:29.080 --> 00:03:31.840 So He entrusted it to him and placed it with him. 00:03:32.520 --> 00:03:34.719 Allah is the possessor of bounty toward His servants. 00:03:35.120 --> 00:03:37.000 Both the righteous among them and the wicked. 00:03:37.639 --> 00:03:40.960 The bounty of any possessor of bounty is insignificant compared to His. 00:03:42.870 --> 00:03:52.110 “The likeness of those who are entrusted with the Law of Moses, yet apply it not, is as the likeness of the ass carrying books. Wretched is the likeness of folk who deny the revelations of Allah. And Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (62:5) 00:03:52.750 --> 00:03:58.389 “The likeness of those who are entrusted with the Law of Moses, yet apply it not, is as the likeness of the ass carrying books. Wretched is the likeness of folk who deny the revelations of Allah. And Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (62:5) 00:03:58.990 --> 00:04:02.990 And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people. 00:04:04.590 --> 00:04:08.270 The likeness of those who were given the Torah, from among the Jews and the Christians, 00:04:08.789 --> 00:04:12.629 who were entrusted to act upon it but then did not act upon what it contained, 00:04:13.229 --> 00:04:16.629 and who denied Muhammad (peace be upon him), 00:04:17.149 --> 00:04:21.870 even though they were commanded in it to believe in him, follow him, and attest to his truthfulness, 00:04:22.509 --> 00:04:26.709 is like that of a donkey carrying on its back volumes of knowledge. 00:04:27.230 --> 00:04:30.189 It does not benefit from them, nor does it understand what they contain. 00:04:30.990 --> 00:04:37.550 Likewise, those who were given the Torah, which contains the declaration of the affair of Muhammad (peace be upon him), 00:04:38.149 --> 00:04:40.910 their likeness, if they do not benefit from what is in it, 00:04:41.550 --> 00:04:45.310 is like the donkey that carries books containing knowledge. 00:04:45.910 --> 00:04:48.790 It does not understand them, nor does it benefit from them. 00:04:49.430 --> 00:04:55.670 Wretched is this example for the people who denied the signs, evidences, and proofs of Allah. 00:04:56.310 --> 00:05:02.389 And Allah does not grant success to the people who have wronged themselves by disbelieving in the signs of their Lord. 00:05:04.250 --> 00:05:32.410 “Say (O Muhammad): O ye who are Jews! If ye claim that ye are favoured of Allah apart from (all) mankind, then long for death if ye are truthful.” (62:6) 00:05:34.019 --> 00:05:35.779 Say, O Muhammad, to the Jews: 00:05:36.500 --> 00:05:43.060 “Say (O Muhammad): O ye who are Jews! If ye claim that ye are favoured of Allah apart from (all) mankind, then long for death if ye are truthful.” (62:6) 00:05:43.620 --> 00:05:50.899 "Then wish for death if you are truthful in your claim that you are the allies of Allah to the exclusion of all other people." 00:05:51.459 --> 00:05:56.420 For Allah does not punish His allies; rather, He honors them and bestows His favors upon them. 00:05:57.139 --> 00:06:10.100 If you are truthful in what you say, then wish for death so that you may be relieved of the hardships, anxieties, and sorrows of this world, and attain the comfort and bliss of Paradise through death. 00:06:11.689 --> 00:06:24.009 “But they will never long for it because of all that their own hands have sent before, and Allah is Aware of evil-doers.” (62:7) 00:06:25.430 --> 00:06:33.589 But the Jews will never wish for death because of the sins they have committed in this world and the evil deeds they have perpetrated. 00:06:34.310 --> 00:06:40.470 Allah is fully aware of those among His creation who have wronged themselves and brought about their own destruction through their disbelief in Allah. 00:06:41.800 --> 00:07:04.920 “Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Lo! the death from which ye shrink will surely meet you, and afterward ye will be returned unto the Knower of the Invisible and the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do.” (62:8) 00:07:06.620 --> 00:07:21.980 Say, O Muhammad, to the Jews: "Indeed, the death from which you flee, which you dislike and refuse to wish for, will surely meet you and descend upon you; then you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed." 00:07:22.540 --> 00:07:28.939 That is, your Lord will return you after your death to the realm of the unseen of the heavens and the earth. 00:07:29.769 --> 00:07:36.170 The "witnessed" is that which is manifest and apparent to the eye, not hidden from the sight of observers. 00:07:36.170 --> 00:07:53.850 He will then inform you of the deeds you did in the world, both the evil and the good, for He encompasses them all; then He will recompense you for them—the righteous for their righteousness and the wicked for what they deserve. 00:08:07.720 --> 00:08:26.279 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, when the call is made for the Friday prayer as the Imam sits on the pulpit for the sermon, hasten to the remembrance of Allah, work for Him, and abandon buying and selling when the call for prayer is made during the sermon. 00:08:26.519 --> 00:08:40.519 Your striving toward the remembrance of Allah when the call for prayer is made on Friday, and your abandonment of buying and selling, is better for you than buying and selling at that time, if you only knew the interests and harms of your own selves. 00:08:40.759 --> 00:08:46.759 “And when the prayer is ended, then disperse in the land and seek of Allah's bounty, and remember Allah much, that ye may be successful.” (62:10) 00:08:46.759 --> 00:08:51.080 When the Friday prayer has been concluded, disperse through the land if you wish. 00:08:51.080 --> 00:09:10.779 “And when the prayer is ended, then disperse in the land and seek of Allah's bounty, and remember Allah much, that ye may be successful.” (62:10) 00:09:10.779 --> 00:09:21.419 When the Friday prayer has been concluded, disperse through the land if you wish; this is a concession from Allah for you. 00:09:21.419 --> 00:09:30.419 Seek the bounty of Allah, in whose hand are the keys to the treasures of your worldly life and your Hereafter, and remember Allah with praise for Him. 00:09:30.419 --> 00:09:43.419 And be grateful for the favor He has bestowed upon you by enabling you to perform His obligatory duties, so that you may succeed, attain your requests from your Lord, and reach eternity in His gardens. 00:09:43.419 --> 00:10:07.029 “But when they spy some merchandise or pastime they break away to it and leave thee standing. Say: That which Allah hath is better than pastime and than merchandise, and Allah is the Best of providers.” (62:11) 00:10:07.029 --> 00:10:19.929 When the believers saw a caravan of trade or some entertainment, they rushed toward it—meaning they hurried toward the trade—and left you, O Muhammad, standing on the pulpit. 00:10:19.929 --> 00:10:28.929 This was because the trade they saw caused the people to disperse toward it, leaving the Prophet (peace be upon him) standing. 00:10:28.929 --> 00:10:44.090 It was oil brought by Dihyah ibn Khalifah from Syria; say to them, O Muhammad, that what is with Allah of reward for those who sit listening to the sermon of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:10:44.090 --> 00:11:03.039 is better for them than the entertainment and the trade toward which they disperse; Allah is the best of providers, so seek your provisions from Him, and ask Him alone to expand His bounty upon you, rather than anyone else. 00:11:03.039 --> 00:11:07.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.