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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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The foundations for arriving at the truth.

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There are three essential foundations for arriving at the truth in any given issue or discussion.

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Sincerity for the sake of Allah and distancing oneself from the influence of the masses.

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And the application of thought and reason.

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All of this is encapsulated in the words of Allah the Almighty:

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Say, "I only advise you of one thing:

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That you stand for Allah, in pairs and individually, and then reflect."

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“Say (unto them, O Muhammad): I exhort you unto one thing only: that ye awake, for Allah's sake, by twos and singly, and then reflect: There is no madness in your comrade. He is naught else than a warner unto you in face of a terrific doom.” (34:46)

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“Say (unto them, O Muhammad): I exhort you unto one thing only: that ye awake, for Allah's sake, by twos and singly, and then reflect: There is no madness in your comrade. He is naught else than a warner unto you in face of a terrific doom.” (34:46)

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Its explanation is as follows:

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First:

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Sincerity for the sake of Allah and devotion to Him in the search for truth.

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This is indicated by the words of Allah the Almighty:

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"That you stand for Allah,"

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Meaning, purely for the sake of Allah.

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Not out of tribalism or partisanship.

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Rather, it is to seek the truth and its manifestation, even if it comes from the tongue of an opponent.

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Second:

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Distancing oneself from the influence of the masses.

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This is guided by the words of Allah the Almighty:

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"In pairs and individually,"

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Because large numbers and crowds cloud one's thoughts.

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They obscure insight.

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They hinder deliberation.

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Fairness diminishes within them.

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And fanaticism and tribalism increase.

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Therefore, a person should examine the issue by themselves,

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Or with one other person at most,

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So that they may review one another,

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Far removed from the influence of the mob mentality,

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Which follows impulsive reactions.

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Third:

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Knowledge and the application of thought and reason.

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This is guided by the words of Allah the Almighty:

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"Then reflect."

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For reflection, knowledge, and the application of reason

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Are what complete the divine methodology

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For arriving at the truth,

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And distinguishing guidance from misguidance.

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Thus, it is necessary for a person

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To be qualified from a scholarly perspective

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To research the matter or issue in which they wish

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To know the truth.

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And they must be well-informed

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Regarding the state of this issue,

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And the aspects of disagreement within it,

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Otherwise, there would be no hoped-for benefit in reflection.