WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.550 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.169 --> 00:00:16.329 Surah Luqman. 00:00:18.309 --> 00:00:22.269 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.589 --> 00:00:29.870 Alif, Lam, Mim. 00:00:29.870 --> 00:00:34.070 These are the verses of the Wise Book. 00:00:34.390 --> 00:00:38.549 A guidance and a mercy for the righteous. 00:00:38.909 --> 00:00:43.350 Those who establish prayer and give zakat. 00:00:43.350 --> 00:00:47.390 And they are certain of the Hereafter. 00:00:47.789 --> 00:00:52.149 They are upon guidance from their Lord. 00:00:52.149 --> 00:00:56.229 And it is they who are the successful. 00:00:58.219 --> 00:00:59.859 Alif, Lam, Mim. 00:01:00.380 --> 00:01:04.420 These are the verses of the Wise Book, providing clarification and detail. 00:01:04.859 --> 00:01:07.939 They are verses of guidance and mercy from Allah. 00:01:08.299 --> 00:01:13.540 Through them, He has shown mercy to those who excel in acting upon what Allah has revealed in this Qur'an. 00:01:14.019 --> 00:01:17.739 Those who perform the obligatory prayers according to their prescribed limits. 00:01:18.260 --> 00:01:21.540 And who give the obligatory zakat from their wealth. 00:01:22.019 --> 00:01:26.459 And they are certain of Allah’s recompense and reward in the Hereafter. 00:01:27.209 --> 00:01:29.890 These are the ones whose qualities we have described. 00:01:30.250 --> 00:01:32.730 They are upon clear guidance and light from their Lord. 00:01:33.400 --> 00:01:37.519 And these are the successful ones who shall attain the reward of their Lord. 00:01:39.689 --> 00:01:47.650 And among the people is he who buys idle talk to lead others astray from the way of Allah. 00:01:48.129 --> 00:01:54.930 “And of mankind is he who payeth for mere pastime of discourse, that he may mislead from Allah's way without knowledge, and maketh it the butt of mockery. For such there is a shameful doom.” (31:6) 00:01:55.409 --> 00:02:01.209 For them is a humiliating punishment. 00:02:02.859 --> 00:02:05.500 And among the people is he who buys idle talk. 00:02:05.980 --> 00:02:12.020 This refers to everything that distracts from the way of Allah, which Allah or His Messenger has forbidden us to listen to. 00:02:12.539 --> 00:02:14.539 Singing and polytheism are included in this. 00:02:15.099 --> 00:02:21.219 The one who buys this idle talk does so to divert people from the religion of Allah and obedience to Him, without knowledge. 00:02:21.740 --> 00:02:26.979 And in his ignorance of the burden and sin that awaits him in the end before Allah. 00:02:27.620 --> 00:02:30.139 And he takes the verses of Allah in mockery. 00:02:30.900 --> 00:02:36.699 These people, whom we have described as buying idle talk to lead others astray from the way of Allah, 00:02:37.259 --> 00:02:42.259 Shall have on the Day of Resurrection a humiliating and disgraceful punishment in the Fire of Hell. 00:02:44.379 --> 00:02:57.620 “And when Our revelations are recited unto him he turneth away in pride as if he heard them not, as if there were a deafness in his ears. So give him tidings of a painful doom.” (31:7) 00:02:58.180 --> 00:03:01.379 Then give him tidings of a painful punishment. 00:03:03.020 --> 00:03:09.219 And when the verses of the Book of Allah are recited to this person who bought idle talk, 00:03:09.740 --> 00:03:12.219 He turns away from them as if he did not hear them. 00:03:12.900 --> 00:03:17.379 As if there were deafness in his ears, such that he cannot bear to listen to them. 00:03:18.020 --> 00:03:23.020 So give tidings of a grievous punishment to this person who turns away, and that is the punishment of the Fire. 00:03:25.159 --> 00:03:33.520 “Lo! those who believe and do good works, for them are the gardens of delight,” (31:8) 00:03:34.080 --> 00:03:41.960 “Wherein they will abide. It is a promise of Allah in truth. He is the Mighty, the Wise.” (31:9) 00:03:43.740 --> 00:03:46.620 Indeed, those who believe in Allah and affirm His Oneness. 00:03:47.219 --> 00:03:51.219 And act upon what He commanded them in His Book and upon the tongue of His Messenger. 00:03:51.860 --> 00:03:53.740 For them are the Gardens of Bliss. 00:03:54.379 --> 00:03:59.659 Abiding therein, a true promise from Allah in which there is no doubt. 00:04:00.419 --> 00:04:06.419 And He is the Mighty in His retribution against those who associate partners with Him, and the Wise in the management of His creation. 00:04:08.740 --> 00:04:13.699 “He hath created the heavens without supports that ye can see, and hath cast into the earth firm hills, so that it quake not with you; and He hath dispersed therein all kinds of beasts. And We send down water from the sky and We cause (plants) of every goodly kind to grow therein.” (31:10) 00:04:14.219 --> 00:04:23.620 And He cast into the earth firm mountains, lest it should shake with you, and He dispersed therein every kind of creature. 00:04:24.180 --> 00:04:38.220 “He hath created the heavens without supports that ye can see, and hath cast into the earth firm hills, so that it quake not with you; and He hath dispersed therein all kinds of beasts. And We send down water from the sky and We cause (plants) of every goodly kind to grow therein.” (31:10) 00:04:40.050 --> 00:04:45.810 Among His wisdom is that He created the seven heavens with pillars you cannot see. 00:04:46.569 --> 00:04:50.730 And He placed firm mountains upon the surface of the earth so that it would not sway with you. 00:04:51.290 --> 00:04:53.810 And it does not move to the right or to the left. 00:04:54.750 --> 00:04:57.750 And He dispersed upon the earth every kind of creature. 00:04:58.670 --> 00:05:00.910 And We sent down rain from the sky. 00:05:01.589 --> 00:05:06.750 And by that rain, We caused to grow every kind of good and beautiful plant. 00:05:08.509 --> 00:05:16.430 “This is the Creation of Allah. Now show me that which those (ye worship) beside Him have created. Nay, but the wrong-doers are in error manifest!” (31:11) 00:05:16.949 --> 00:05:21.709 But the wrongdoers are in clear error. 00:05:23.149 --> 00:05:26.069 This which I have enumerated for you, O people, 00:05:26.589 --> 00:05:30.389 Is the creation of Allah, to Whom belongs the divinity of all things. 00:05:31.069 --> 00:05:33.589 And for Whom worship is not appropriate for anyone else. 00:05:34.149 --> 00:05:36.189 Nor is it fitting for anything other than Him. 00:05:37.029 --> 00:05:42.589 So show me, O polytheists, what have those whom you worship besides Him—your idols—created? 00:05:43.189 --> 00:05:46.829 That they should deserve worship from you, so you worshipped them? 00:05:47.589 --> 00:05:51.990 Rather, the polytheists are in clear deviation from the truth and far from the straight path. 00:05:52.470 --> 00:05:56.350 It is made clear to whoever contemplates it, looks into it, and reflects with intellect. 00:05:56.670 --> 00:05:58.910 That it is error, not guidance. 00:06:00.470 --> 00:06:06.310 And We certainly gave Luqman wisdom, saying: "Give thanks to Allah." 00:06:06.829 --> 00:06:11.750 “And verily We gave Luqman wisdom, saying: Give thanks unto Allah; and whosoever giveth thanks, he giveth thanks for (the good of) his soul. And whosoever refuseth - Lo! Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (31:12) 00:06:12.230 --> 00:06:17.589 “And verily We gave Luqman wisdom, saying: Give thanks unto Allah; and whosoever giveth thanks, he giveth thanks for (the good of) his soul. And whosoever refuseth - Lo! Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (31:12) 00:06:19.040 --> 00:06:22.519 And We certainly gave Luqman understanding of the religion and intellect. 00:06:22.839 --> 00:06:24.360 And correctness in speech. 00:06:24.959 --> 00:06:27.959 "Give thanks to Allah for what He has given you of His bounty." 00:06:28.519 --> 00:06:32.639 And whoever gives thanks to Allah for His blessings, he only gives thanks for his own soul. 00:06:33.240 --> 00:06:37.079 Because Allah multiplies the reward for him for his gratitude to Him. 00:06:37.560 --> 00:06:39.680 And saves him thereby from destruction. 00:06:40.439 --> 00:06:44.439 And whoever denies the blessing of Allah upon him, he has wronged his own soul. 00:06:45.000 --> 00:06:48.279 Because Allah will punish him for his ingratitude toward Him. 00:06:49.000 --> 00:06:52.360 And Allah is free of need of his gratitude for His blessings. 00:06:52.839 --> 00:06:54.600 He has no need of it. 00:06:55.199 --> 00:06:57.079 He is praised in every circumstance. 00:06:57.600 --> 00:07:01.040 Whether the servant denies His blessing or gives thanks for it. 00:07:02.860 --> 00:07:06.819 And when Luqman said to his son while he was advising him: 00:07:06.819 --> 00:07:10.300 “And (remember) when Luqman said unto his son, when he was exhorting him: O my dear son! Ascribe no partners unto Allah. Lo! to ascribe partners (unto Him) is a tremendous wrong -” (31:13) 00:07:10.819 --> 00:07:15.259 “And (remember) when Luqman said unto his son, when he was exhorting him: O my dear son! Ascribe no partners unto Allah. Lo! to ascribe partners (unto Him) is a tremendous wrong -” (31:13) 00:07:17.019 --> 00:07:18.220 And remember, O Muhammad, 00:07:18.220 --> 00:07:21.139 When Luqman said to his son while he was advising him: 00:07:21.740 --> 00:07:23.860 “And (remember) when Luqman said unto his son, when he was exhorting him: O my dear son! Ascribe no partners unto Allah. Lo! to ascribe partners (unto Him) is a tremendous wrong -” (31:13) 00:07:24.540 --> 00:07:27.579 Indeed, polytheism is a great injustice in speech. 00:07:29.269 --> 00:07:32.790 And We have enjoined upon man concerning his parents. 00:07:32.790 --> 00:07:36.629 “And We have enjoined upon man concerning his partners - His mother beareth him in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years - Give thanks unto Me and unto thy parents. Unto Me is the journeying.” (31:14) 00:07:37.110 --> 00:07:40.790 “And We have enjoined upon man concerning his partners - His mother beareth him in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years - Give thanks unto Me and unto thy parents. Unto Me is the journeying.” (31:14) 00:07:40.790 --> 00:07:43.949 And his weaning is in two years. 00:07:43.949 --> 00:07:45.350 "Give thanks to Me." 00:07:45.870 --> 00:07:47.110 "Give thanks to Me." 00:07:47.110 --> 00:07:50.910 "And to your parents; to Me is the final destination." 00:07:52.579 --> 00:07:55.019 And We commanded man to be dutiful to his parents. 00:07:55.500 --> 00:07:58.379 His mother carried him, weakness upon weakness. 00:07:58.379 --> 00:08:00.220 And hardship upon hardship. 00:08:00.779 --> 00:08:03.259 And his weaning is at the end of two years. 00:08:03.899 --> 00:08:05.939 And We made a covenant with him: "Give thanks to Me." 00:08:05.939 --> 00:08:07.339 For My blessings upon you. 00:08:07.779 --> 00:08:10.459 And to your parents for their raising of you. 00:08:11.170 --> 00:08:13.730 To Allah is your return, O man. 00:08:14.209 --> 00:08:16.970 And He will ask you about your gratitude. 00:08:16.970 --> 00:08:18.730 To Him for His blessings upon you. 00:08:19.250 --> 00:08:21.889 And about your gratitude to your parents. 00:08:23.490 --> 00:08:27.529 “But if they strive with thee to make thee ascribe unto Me as partner that of which thou hast no knowledge, then obey them not. Consort with them in the world kindly, and follow the path of him who repenteth unto Me. Then unto Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what ye used to do -” (31:15) 00:08:27.529 --> 00:08:30.170 That of which you have no knowledge. 00:08:30.170 --> 00:08:32.049 Then do not obey them. 00:08:32.490 --> 00:08:36.169 “But if they strive with thee to make thee ascribe unto Me as partner that of which thou hast no knowledge, then obey them not. Consort with them in the world kindly, and follow the path of him who repenteth unto Me. Then unto Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what ye used to do -” (31:15) 00:08:36.649 --> 00:08:40.049 “But if they strive with thee to make thee ascribe unto Me as partner that of which thou hast no knowledge, then obey them not. Consort with them in the world kindly, and follow the path of him who repenteth unto Me. Then unto Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what ye used to do -” (31:15) 00:08:40.529 --> 00:08:43.129 Then to Me is your return. 00:08:43.129 --> 00:08:48.450 And I will inform you of what you used to do. 00:08:50.190 --> 00:08:52.269 And if they strive against you, O man, 00:08:52.309 --> 00:08:54.789 And your parents, that you should associate with Me. 00:08:54.789 --> 00:08:57.789 In your worship of Me, someone other than Me. 00:08:57.789 --> 00:09:00.710 Of which you have no knowledge that I have a partner. 00:09:00.710 --> 00:09:02.309 Then do not obey them. 00:09:02.789 --> 00:09:05.269 But accompany them in the world with kindness. 00:09:05.269 --> 00:09:07.750 In matters where there is no sin upon you. 00:09:08.110 --> 00:09:10.590 And follow the path of those who have repented from their polytheism. 00:09:10.590 --> 00:09:12.309 And returned to Islam. 00:09:12.870 --> 00:09:15.990 For to Me is your return after your death. 00:09:16.389 --> 00:09:19.309 And I will inform you of everything you used to do in the world. 00:09:19.309 --> 00:09:21.669 Of good and evil. 00:09:23.259 --> 00:09:29.740 “O my dear son! Lo! though it be but the weight of a grain of mustard-seed, and though it be in a rock, or in the heavens, or in the earth, Allah will bring it forth. Lo! Allah is Subtile, Aware.” (31:16) 00:09:29.740 --> 00:09:36.379 “O my dear son! Lo! though it be but the weight of a grain of mustard-seed, and though it be in a rock, or in the heavens, or in the earth, Allah will bring it forth. Lo! Allah is Subtile, Aware.” (31:16) 00:09:36.379 --> 00:09:40.500 Or in the earth, Allah will bring it forth. 00:09:40.500 --> 00:09:44.659 Indeed, Allah is Subtle, Acquainted. 00:09:46.360 --> 00:09:50.879 "O my son, indeed, if an act is the weight of a mustard seed," 00:09:50.879 --> 00:09:53.080 "Of good or evil that you have done," 00:09:53.559 --> 00:09:57.320 “O my dear son! Lo! though it be but the weight of a grain of mustard-seed, and though it be in a rock, or in the heavens, or in the earth, Allah will bring it forth. Lo! Allah is Subtile, Aware.” (31:16) 00:09:57.759 --> 00:10:00.120 "Allah will bring it forth on the Day of Resurrection." 00:10:00.480 --> 00:10:02.519 So that He may give you your full recompense. 00:10:03.159 --> 00:10:07.200 Indeed, Allah is Subtle in extracting the seed from its place. 00:10:07.200 --> 00:10:10.320 Wherever it may be, and He is Acquainted with its location. 00:10:12.169 --> 00:10:16.570 “O my dear son! Establish worship and enjoin kindness and forbid iniquity, and persevere whatever may befall thee. Lo! that is of the steadfast heart of things.” (31:17) 00:10:16.570 --> 00:10:21.129 And enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and be patient over what befalls you. 00:10:21.610 --> 00:10:25.529 Indeed, that is of the matters requiring determination. 00:10:27.039 --> 00:10:29.879 O my son, establish prayer according to its limits. 00:10:30.320 --> 00:10:33.679 And command people to obey Allah and follow His command. 00:10:34.279 --> 00:10:38.360 And forbid people from the disobedience of Allah and committing His prohibitions. 00:10:38.960 --> 00:10:42.600 And be patient over what befalls you from the people for the sake of Allah. 00:10:43.120 --> 00:10:47.639 Indeed, that is among the matters that Allah has commanded as a sign of determination. 00:10:49.370 --> 00:10:55.529 “Turn not thy cheek in scorn toward folk, nor walk with pertness in the land. Lo! Allah loveth not each braggart boaster.” (31:18) 00:10:55.970 --> 00:11:01.730 “Turn not thy cheek in scorn toward folk, nor walk with pertness in the land. Lo! Allah loveth not each braggart boaster.” (31:18) 00:11:02.990 --> 00:11:08.669 And do not turn your cheek away from those you speak to, out of arrogance and contempt for them. 00:11:09.149 --> 00:11:11.309 And do not walk upon the earth exultantly. 00:11:11.870 --> 00:11:15.750 Indeed, Allah does not like everyone who is arrogant and boastful. 00:11:17.019 --> 00:11:22.220 And be moderate in your walking and lower your voice. 00:11:22.740 --> 00:11:28.580 “Be modest in thy bearing and subdue thy voice. Lo! the harshest of all voices is the voice of the ass.” (31:19) 00:11:30.190 --> 00:11:32.669 And be humble in your walking when you walk. 00:11:33.190 --> 00:11:35.509 Do not be arrogant and do not be hasty. 00:11:36.029 --> 00:11:39.269 But be composed and lower your voice. 00:11:39.789 --> 00:11:42.750 Indeed, the harshest of sounds is the voice of donkeys. 00:11:44.120 --> 00:11:51.279 “See ye not how Allah hath made serviceable unto you whatsoever is in the skies and whatsoever is in the earth and hath loaded you with His favours both without and within? Yet of mankind is he who disputeth concerning Allah, without knowledge or guidance or a scripture giving light.” (31:20) 00:11:51.279 --> 00:11:58.879 “See ye not how Allah hath made serviceable unto you whatsoever is in the skies and whatsoever is in the earth and hath loaded you with His favours both without and within? Yet of mankind is he who disputeth concerning Allah, without knowledge or guidance or a scripture giving light.” (31:20) 00:11:59.360 --> 00:12:11.759 And among the people is he who disputes about Allah without knowledge, without guidance, and without an illuminating book. 00:12:13.259 --> 00:12:18.940 Do you not see, O people, that Allah has subjected for you whatever is in the heavens, such as the sun and the moon? 00:12:19.419 --> 00:12:20.779 And the stars and the clouds. 00:12:21.379 --> 00:12:23.940 And whatever is on the earth of creatures and trees. 00:12:24.419 --> 00:12:26.259 And water, the sea, and ships. 00:12:26.820 --> 00:12:30.820 All of that runs for your benefit and your sustenance. 00:12:31.299 --> 00:12:36.940 And He has bestowed upon you His blessings, which He has subjected for His servants, from what is in the heavens and the earth. 00:12:37.379 --> 00:12:39.860 Manifest upon the tongues and the limbs. 00:12:40.340 --> 00:12:43.740 And hidden in the hearts as belief and knowledge. 00:12:44.299 --> 00:12:49.860 And among the people is he who disputes concerning the Oneness of Allah and the sincerity of obedience and worship to Him. 00:12:50.179 --> 00:12:52.820 Without any knowledge on his part regarding what he disputes. 00:12:53.299 --> 00:12:56.580 Nor any evidence by which he can clarify the truth of what he says. 00:12:57.179 --> 00:13:02.500 Nor any revelation from Allah that came with what he claims to clarify the truth of his claim. 00:13:24.539 --> 00:13:29.799 And when it is said to those who dispute about the Oneness of Allah: 00:13:30.279 --> 00:13:34.039 "Follow, O people, what Allah has revealed to His Messenger." 00:13:34.519 --> 00:13:35.240 They say: 00:13:35.720 --> 00:13:39.960 “And if it be said unto them: Follow that which Allah hath revealed, they say: Nay, but we follow that wherein we found our fathers. What! Even though the devil were inviting them unto the doom of flame?” (31:21) 00:13:40.600 --> 00:13:45.559 Even if Satan is inviting them, by his beautification of their evil deeds to them, 00:13:46.039 --> 00:13:49.639 To the punishment of the Fire that rages and blazes. 00:13:50.279 --> 00:13:55.059 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:13:55.059 --> 00:13:58.019 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.