In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation
It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammari
Surah Al-Baqarah
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Do you command people to be righteous and forget yourselves while you recite the Book?
Do you not understand?
Do you command people to obey God and allow yourselves to disobey Him while you study and read the Torah?
Do you not understand and understand the ugliness of what you are coming?
And seek help from patience and prayer, for it is difficult except for the humble
And seek help in fulfilling the covenant you made with me of obeying me and following my command
By confining yourselves to obeying God and refraining from disobeying God
And by performing prayers that prevent indecency and evil
Prayer is intense and burdensome except for those who submit to His obedience
Those who fear His power and believe in His promise and threat
Those who think that they will meet their Lord and that to Him we will return
Those who are certain of meeting Me and returning to Me after their death
O Children of Israel, remember My blessing which I bestowed upon you, and that I have favored you over the worlds
O Children of Israel, remember My blessing which I bestowed upon you
It is that he chose the messengers from among them and sent down the books to them
And save them from Pharaoh
And I preferred your ancestors to the world of that time
And fear a Day when no soul will avail another at all, nor will intercession be accepted from it, nor will justice be taken from it, nor will they be helped.
And fear a day in which no soul will be sufficient, and no soul will pay anything for another, and God will not accept the intercession of an intercessor on her behalf, and will leave to her what is due to her, and no ransom will be taken from her, and no helper will help them.
And when We delivered you from the people of Pharaoh, who were inflicting on you a terrible torment, slaughtering your sons and sparing your women, and in that was a great trial from your Lord.
And when We delivered you from the people of Pharaoh, and before that they had brought you back and made you taste the torment that had afflicted you. They slaughtered your sons and spared young girls, so they would not be killed.
And in what we did to you, We brought to you a great blessing from the torment of Pharaoh’s family
And when We divided the sea for you, then We saved you, and We drowned Pharaoh's people while you looked on
And remember when We divided the sea into paths for you while you looked at God parting the sea for you and destroying it, the people of Pharaoh
And when We made an appointment with Moses for forty nights, then you took to the calf after him, and you were wrongdoers
What this means is that God Almighty promised Moses to meet the stage in order to converse with him for a full forty nights
Then you took the calf to her during the days of Moses’ appointment, as an injustice on your part and as a way of putting worship in a wrong place
Then We pardoned you after that, so that you might be grateful
Then we left off discussing the punishment with you after you took the calf to it so that you might thank Me for pardoning you
Since pardon requires gratitude from people of heart and reason
And when We gave Moses the Scripture and the Criterion, that you might be guided
Remember also when We gave Moses the Torah, which We wrote for him in the tablets and separated therewith between truth and falsehood
That you may be guided by it and follow the truth that is in it, because I have made it a guidance
And when Moses said to his people, “O my people, you have wronged yourselves by adopting the calf, so repent.”
So repent to your Creator and kill yourselves. That is better for you with your Creator, so He turned to you. Indeed, He is the One who repents, the Most Merciful.
And remember also when Moses said to his people from the Children of Israel
O my people, you have done to yourselves what has required you to be punished by God Almighty
From your apostasy by taking the calf as a usurer, then repent to your Creator. From your apostasy and your repentance by killing yourselves.
Your obedience to your Lord is better for you in the sight of your Creator, because by doing so you will escape from God’s punishment and become worthy of reward from Him.
It is He who returns to whomever He pardons, who returns to Him with His mercy, saving Him from His punishment
And remember when you said, “O Moses, we will not believe in you until we see God plainly,” so the thunderbolt took you while you were looking on
And remember when you said, “O Moses, we will not believe you and we will not acknowledge what you have brought us until we see God clearly with our eyes by lifting the veil between us and Him.”
And we look at it with our eyes, and you were struck by the thunderbolt, which is every tremendous matter, whether it be a sound, fire, earthquake, or tremor.
I caught your eyes openly as you looked at it
Then We revived you after your death with the thunderbolt that destroyed you, so that you might thank Me for the blessings I bestowed upon you.
And give us manna and quails for us. Eat of the good things We have provided for you, and they have not wronged Us, but they have wronged themselves
Then We resurrected you after your death and shaded you with the gloom of the sky, covering it with clouds and darkness
And We sent down to you honey and the quail, which is a bird resembling a quail
And We said to you, “Eat from the desires of Our provision which We have provided for you.”
So they disobeyed what we commanded them and disobeyed their Lord and then Our Messenger to them
They did not place their actions and disobedience as harmful to us or detracting from us
But they put themselves in a position that is harmful and detracts from it
And when We said, “Enter this town, eat from it wherever you wish.”
So eat from it wherever you wish, and enter the door prostrating and saying humility
And say: We will forgive you your sins, and We will increase the doers of good
And when We said, “Enter Bayt al-Maqdis, eat from it wherever you wish, and live comfortably and comfortably, without questioning.”
They entered the Gate of the Holy House of Jerusalem, kneeling and saying, “We entered that in prostration, in repentance for our sins.”
We cover your sins with mercy and cover them for you, so we do not expose you by punishing them
And We will increase the goodness of those who do good among you
Then the wrongdoers substituted a word other than what was said to them, so We sent down on the wrongdoers a punishment from heaven because they were defiantly disobedient.
So those who did wrong changed a word other than what they were commanded to say, so they said “Caliphate,” but they did not say “hitah.” Rather, they changed it and said “hitah.”
So We sent down upon those who wronged a punishment from heaven because they abandoned obedience to God and disobeyed Him and disobeyed His command.
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation