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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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The life of the salaf between speech and action.

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Reliance and trust in Allah.

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‘Umar Ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) once met a group of people from Yemen.

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He asked, "Who are you?"

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They replied, "We are the ones who rely upon Allah (al-mutawakkilun)."

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He said, "Rather, you are the ones who rely upon others (al-mutakkilun)."

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The true one who relies upon Allah is he who casts a seed into the earth,

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and then places his trust in Allah.

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Abu al-‘Aliyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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The Companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gathered around me,

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and they said, "O Abu al-‘Aliyah,

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do not rely upon anyone other than Allah,

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lest Allah entrust you to the one you relied upon."

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Sa‘id Ibn Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"Reliance upon Allah is the essence of faith."

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Hatim al-Asamm (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"I have four wives,

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and nine children.

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Yet, the devil has never dared to whisper to me regarding their provision."

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A man asked him, "Upon what did you build this state of reliance upon Allah?"

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He replied, "Upon four principles:

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I knew that my provision would be eaten by no one but me,

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so my soul found peace in that.

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I knew that my deeds would be performed by no one but me,

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so I remained occupied with them.

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I knew that death would come to me suddenly,

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so I hastened to prepare.

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And I knew that I am never hidden from the sight of Allah wherever I may be,

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so I am ashamed to disobey Him."

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Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about reliance,

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and he said:

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"It is the severing of all expectations through despair of the creation."

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It was said to him,

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"What is the reality of true reliance upon Allah?"

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He said:

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"That one relies upon Allah,

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and there remains no one in his heart among the people whom he hopes will provide him with anything.

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If he is in that state,

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Allah will provide for him, and he will be truly reliant."

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The Vizier Ibn Hubayrah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"I pondered the saying of Allah the Exalted: ﴾There is no power nor strength except by Allah﴿,

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“If only, when thou enteredst thy garden, thou hadst said: That which Allah willeth (will come to pass)! There is no strength save in Allah! Though thou seest me as less than thee in wealth and children,” (18:39)

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and I saw that it has three aspects:

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The first:

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That the one who says it absolves himself of his own power and strength,

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and surrenders the matter to its true Owner.

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The second:

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That he knows there is no power for the created beings except through Allah,

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so he does not fear them,

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since their power exists only by Allah.

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This necessitates fearing Allah alone.

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The third:

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That it is a refutation of the philosophers and the naturalists

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who claim that power resides in things by their very nature.

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This phrase clarifies that there is no power except by Allah."

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Certainty in Allah.

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Abu al-Darda’ (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

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"How excellent is the sleep of the intelligent and their breaking of the fast!

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How could they be deceived by the night-vigils and fasting of the foolish?

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For the weight of an atom of righteousness from a person of piety and certainty

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is better, weightier, and greater than mountains of

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worship from those who are deluded."

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Ibn Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

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"Certainty is that you do not please people by incurring the wrath of Allah,

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nor do you praise anyone for the provision of Allah,

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nor do you blame anyone for what Allah the Almighty has not given you.

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For provision is not brought by the greed of the greedy,

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nor is it repelled by the dislike of the hateful.

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Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, in His wisdom, knowledge, and forbearance,

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has placed joy and happiness in certainty and contentment,

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and has placed worry and sorrow in doubt and discontent."

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Khalid Ibn Ma‘dan (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"Learn certainty just as you learn the Qur'an, until you truly know it,

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for I am still learning it."

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Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"No servant has ever attained true certainty in Paradise and Hell,

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without becoming humble, fearful, submissive, and upright,

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maintaining moderation until death comes to him."

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Bilal Ibn Sa‘d (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"Whoever does not act upon certainty should not trouble himself."

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Love.

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The love of people for one another.

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Yahya Ibn Mu‘adh (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"The reality of love is that it neither increases with kindness nor decreases with coldness."

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Ahmad Ibn Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about love for the sake of Allah,

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and he said: "It is that you do not love him for the sake of worldly gain."

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The servant's love for Allah and Allah's love for the servant,

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and the causes thereof.

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‘Abdullah Ibn Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

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"Allah gives wealth to those He loves and those He does not love,

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but He gives faith only to those He loves."

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‘Amir Ibn ‘Abd Qays (may Allah have mercy on him)

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used to say:

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"I have loved Allah the Almighty with a love that has made every calamity easy for me,

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and has made me content with every decree.

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I do not care, with my love for Him, what state I wake up in."

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Abu Yazid al-Bastami (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

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"This is my joy in You while I fear You;

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how then would my joy be in You if I were secure from You?"

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"It is not a wonder that I love You, for I am a poor servant;

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the wonder is that You love me, for You are a Powerful King."

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Love for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his veneration.

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‘Umar Ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

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"When the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) withdrew from his wives,

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I entered the mosque,

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and found the people tapping the ground with pebbles,

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saying,

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'The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has divorced his wives.'

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I found Rabah,

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the servant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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sitting on the threshold of the upper chamber.

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I called out, 'O Rabah,

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ask permission for me to see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).'

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Rabah looked into the room,

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then looked at me, but said nothing.

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Then I said, 'O Rabah,

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ask permission for me to see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).'

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Rabah looked into the room,

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then looked at me, but said nothing.

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Then I raised my voice and said,

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'O Rabah,

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ask permission for me to see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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for I think that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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thinks that I have come because of Hafsah.

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By Allah, if the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ordered me to strike her neck, I would strike it.'

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I raised my voice, and he signaled for me to enter, so I entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)."

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He (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), "By Allah, you are more beloved to me than my own self."

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When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) set out for Badr, he consulted the Companions when

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news reached him of Abu Sufyan's approach. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) spoke, but he turned away from him.

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Then ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) spoke, but he turned away from him. Then Sa‘d Ibn ‘Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up

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and said, "Is it us you want, O Messenger of Allah? By Him in whose hand is my soul, if you ordered us to drive our mounts into

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the sea, we would do so, and if you ordered us to strike their flanks to Bark al-Ghimad, we would do it."

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‘Amr Ibn al-‘As (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "There was no one more beloved to me than the Messenger of Allah

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(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), nor anyone more majestic in my eyes than him. I could not even fill

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my eyes with his sight out of reverence for him. If I were asked to describe him, I could not, because I could not fill

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my eyes with his sight." When ‘Urwah Ibn Mas‘ud came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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at the time of Hudaybiyyah to negotiate peace, he began to watch the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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closely. He said, "By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would not spit

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without it falling into the hand of one of them, who would then rub it on his face and skin. If he commanded them,

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they would hasten to fulfill his command. If he performed ablution, they would almost fight over his leftover water. If he spoke,

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they would lower their voices in his presence, and they would not stare at him out of reverence for him." ‘Urwah returned

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to his companions and said, "O people, by Allah, I have visited kings; I have visited

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Caesar, Chosroes, and the Negus. By Allah, I have never seen a king whose companions venerate him as

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the companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) venerate Muhammad. By Allah, he would not spit

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without it falling into the hand of one of them, who would then rub it on his face and skin. If he commanded them,

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they would hasten to fulfill his command. If he performed ablution, they would almost fight over his leftover water. If he spoke,

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they would lower their voices in his presence, and they would not stare at him out of reverence for him." On the

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day of Uhud, when the people fled from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), Abu Talhah

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(may Allah be pleased with him) was in front of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), shielding him

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with a shield, protecting him with his own body. Abu Talhah was a man

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who was a skilled archer, breaking two or three bows that day. A man would pass by

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with a quiver of arrows, and he would say, "Spread them out for Abu Talhah." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would look up

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to see the people, and Abu Talhah would say, "O Prophet of Allah, may my father and mother be sacrificed for you,

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do not look up, lest an arrow from the people's arrows strike you. My neck is before your neck."

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Al-Bazzar (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him)

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would never mention the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) without invoking peace and

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blessings upon him. By Allah, I have never seen anyone more intense in his veneration of the Messenger of Allah

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(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), nor more eager to follow him and support what he brought. Even

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if he cited something from his hadith regarding an issue and saw that it had not been abrogated by

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anything else from his hadith, he would act upon it, judge by it, and issue fatwas according to it, paying no heed

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to the opinion of anyone else among the creation, whoever they might be." He (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

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"Every speaker's words are used to support his own view, not as an authority, except for Allah and His Messenger."