In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
Authored by Sheikh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi.
May Allah preserve him.
The Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah.
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, released those seventy men,
Quraysh sent Suhayl Ibn 'Amr,
Accompanied by Huwaytib Ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza,
And Mikraz Ibn Hafs,
To negotiate a peace treaty with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
On the condition that he return from them this year,
And that he perform 'Umrah the following year.
They also agreed upon other matters.
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a hasan (sound) chain of narration,
On the authority of al-Miswar Ibn Makhramah and Marwan Ibn al-Hakam,
Who said: Quraysh sent Suhayl Ibn 'Amr,
One of the Banu 'Amir Ibn Lu'ayy,
Saying: "Go to Muhammad and negotiate a peace,
But the treaty must stipulate that he returns from us this year,
For by Allah, the Arabs shall never say that he entered it against our will."
So Suhayl Ibn 'Amr came to him.
When the Prophet, peace be upon him, saw him,
He said: "The people desire peace,
Since they have sent this man."
When he reached the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
He spoke at length,
And they negotiated until a peace was established between them.
The two parties agreed upon several matters, most notably:
What Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a hasan chain,
On the authority of al-Miswar Ibn Makhramah and Marwan Ibn al-Hakam,
Who said: "This is what Muhammad Ibn 'Abdullah and Suhayl Ibn 'Amr have agreed upon:
You shall return from us this year,
And not enter Makkah against us.
And when the following year arrives,
We shall depart from it for you,
So you may enter it with your Companions,
And stay there for three days,
With your weapons mounted,
Not entering it except with swords in their scabbards."
In a narration by Imam al-Bukhari in his Sahih,
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
"On the condition that you leave the way clear between us and the House (the Ka'bah) so that we may circumambulate it."
Suhayl replied:
"By Allah, the Arabs shall not say that we were coerced into this,
But that shall be from the following year."
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad and Abu Dawud in his Sunan with a hasan chain,
On the authority of al-Miswar Ibn Makhramah and Marwan Ibn al-Hakam,
Who said: They agreed to a ceasefire for ten years,
During which the people would be secure and refrain from harming one another.
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a hasan chain,
On the authority of al-Miswar Ibn Makhramah and Marwan Ibn al-Hakam,
Who said: It was among their conditions when they wrote the document,
That whoever wished to enter into the covenant and treaty of Muhammad could do so,
And whoever wished to enter into the covenant and treaty of Quraysh could do so.
The tribe of Khuza'ah rushed forward and said:
"We are in the covenant and treaty of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him."
And the Banu Bakr rushed forward and said: "We are in the covenant and treaty of Quraysh."
Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih,
On the authority of al-Miswar Ibn Makhramah and Marwan Ibn al-Hakam,
That Suhayl Ibn 'Amr said:
"And on the condition that no man comes to you from us, even if he follows your religion,
Except that you return him to us."
In a narration by Imam Muslim in his Sahih,
On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
They stipulated to the Prophet, peace be upon him:
"Whoever comes to you from us, we will not return him to you,
But whoever comes to you from us, you shall return him to us."
They asked: "O Messenger of Allah, shall we write this?"
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
"Yes; whoever of us goes to them, may Allah distance him,
And whoever comes to us from them, Allah will grant him relief and a way out."
The two Sheikhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded in their Sahihs, with the wording belonging to Muslim,
On the authority of al-Bara' Ibn 'Azib, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
When the Prophet, peace be upon him, was prevented from reaching the House,
The people of Makkah made peace with him on the condition that he enter it,
Meaning in the coming year, and stay there for three days,
And he would not enter it except with the equipment of a traveler: the sword and its scabbard,
And he would not take anyone with him from its inhabitants,
And he would not prevent anyone who was with him from staying there.
The Prophet, peace be upon him, commanded his Companions to perform the sacrifice.
When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, finished
With the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah, he said to his Companions:
"Rise, offer your sacrifices, then shave your heads." But not a single man among them stood up,
Until he had said this three times.
When no one stood up, he went to Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her,
And mentioned to her what he had encountered from the people.
She said, may Allah be pleased with her: "O Prophet of Allah, do you desire that?
Go out and do not speak a word to any of them,
Until you sacrifice your camel and call your barber to shave you."
So the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out,
And did not speak to any of them until he had done so.
He sacrificed his camel and called his barber, who shaved him.
When they saw that, they stood up, offered their sacrifices,
And began to shave one another, almost killing each other out of grief.
Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: They did not act,
Waiting for a possible abrogation, until he went out and shaved his head,
Then the people followed suit.
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, prayed
For those who shaved three times, and for those who trimmed once.
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a hasan chain,
On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
Some men shaved on the day of al-Hudaybiyyah, and others trimmed.
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
"May Allah have mercy on those who shaved."
They said: "O Messenger of Allah, and those who trimmed?"
He said: "May Allah have mercy on those who shaved."
They said: "O Messenger of Allah, and those who trimmed?"
He said: "May Allah have mercy on those who shaved."
They said: "O Messenger of Allah, and those who trimmed?"
He said: "And those who trimmed."
Then the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, sacrificed their offerings.
Imam Muslim recorded in his Sahih,
On the authority of Jabir Ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
"We sacrificed with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, in the year of al-Hudaybiyyah:
A camel on behalf of seven, and a cow on behalf of seven."
Ibn Hibban recorded in his Sahih with a sahih (authentic) chain,
On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
"We sacrificed on the day of al-Hudaybiyyah seventy camels,
Each camel on behalf of seven."
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
"People may share in the sacrificial offering."
Imam al-Tirmidhi said:
"This is the practice of the scholars among the Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and others;
They consider a camel sufficient for seven, and a cow sufficient for seven."
This is the view of Sufyan al-Thawri, al-Shafi'i, and Ahmad.
A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
If the longing of the worlds for some of their own is long,
The longing for you is boundless.
May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised,
And lips move in remembrance.