WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.910 --> 00:00:16.530 Surah al-Mumtahanah. 00:00:18.300 --> 00:00:22.219 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.019 --> 00:00:31.859 “It may be that Allah will ordain love between you and those of them with whom ye are at enmity. Allah is Mighty, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (60:7) 00:00:31.859 --> 00:00:35.060 And Allah is All-Powerful. 00:00:35.380 --> 00:00:38.859 And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. 00:00:40.219 --> 00:00:47.140 Allah may yet bring about affection between you and those of your enemies with whom you have been at enmity, O believers. 00:00:47.619 --> 00:00:49.740 And Allah did indeed bring that about for them. 00:00:50.020 --> 00:00:52.219 By causing many of them to embrace Islam. 00:00:52.420 --> 00:00:55.340 So they became their allies and companions. 00:00:55.899 --> 00:01:02.100 And Allah is Forgiving of the sin of anyone who showed affection to the polytheists, if he repents from it. 00:01:02.539 --> 00:01:06.620 And He is Merciful toward them, not punishing them after their repentance. 00:01:08.459 --> 00:01:13.900 “Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers.” (60:8) 00:01:13.900 --> 00:01:18.180 “Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers.” (60:8) 00:01:18.459 --> 00:01:22.659 “Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers.” (60:8) 00:01:22.659 --> 00:01:27.060 That you should treat them kindly and deal justly with them. 00:01:27.500 --> 00:01:33.060 Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly. 00:01:34.379 --> 00:01:38.819 “Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers.” (60:8) 00:01:38.819 --> 00:01:41.420 “Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers.” (60:8) 00:01:41.420 --> 00:01:44.700 That you should treat them kindly through your benevolence toward them. 00:01:44.700 --> 00:01:48.299 There is no validity to the statement of those who claim otherwise. 00:01:48.299 --> 00:01:54.219 For a believer’s kindness toward those at war with him—whether they are related by blood, 00:01:54.219 --> 00:01:57.540 Or those with whom there is no kinship, 00:01:57.540 --> 00:02:00.379 Is neither forbidden nor prohibited, 00:02:00.540 --> 00:02:05.700 Provided there is no indication in that of revealing the vulnerabilities of the Muslims, 00:02:05.700 --> 00:02:09.219 Or strengthening them with mounts or weapons. 00:02:09.219 --> 00:02:13.900 Indeed, Allah loves the fair-minded who are kind to those who are kind to them, 00:02:13.900 --> 00:02:17.060 And who do good to those who do good to them. 00:02:17.060 --> 00:02:24.419 “Allah forbiddeth you only those who warred against you on account of religion and have driven you out from your homes and helped to drive you out, that ye make friends of them. Whosoever maketh friends of them - (All) such are wrong-doers.” (60:9) 00:02:24.419 --> 00:02:29.740 And drove you out of your homes. 00:02:29.780 --> 00:02:35.580 “Allah forbiddeth you only those who warred against you on account of religion and have driven you out from your homes and helped to drive you out, that ye make friends of them. Whosoever maketh friends of them - (All) such are wrong-doers.” (60:9) 00:02:35.580 --> 00:02:43.419 “Allah forbiddeth you only those who warred against you on account of religion and have driven you out from your homes and helped to drive you out, that ye make friends of them. Whosoever maketh friends of them - (All) such are wrong-doers.” (60:9) 00:02:43.419 --> 00:02:49.139 Allah only forbids you, O believers, from befriending those who fought you over the religion, 00:02:49.139 --> 00:02:51.620 And drove you out of your homes, 00:02:51.620 --> 00:02:55.139 And supported those who drove you out in your expulsion. 00:02:55.139 --> 00:02:58.699 He forbids you from taking them as allies and supporters. 00:02:58.740 --> 00:03:01.300 And whoever takes them as allies from among you, 00:03:01.300 --> 00:03:06.060 Then it is they who have placed their allegiance in the wrong place, 00:03:06.060 --> 00:03:09.819 And have disobeyed the command of Allah in that regard. 00:03:09.819 --> 00:03:12.379 O you who have believed, 00:03:12.379 --> 00:03:20.219 When the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. 00:03:20.219 --> 00:03:24.460 Allah is most knowing of their faith. 00:03:24.460 --> 00:03:28.580 And if you know them to be believers, 00:03:28.580 --> 00:03:33.340 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:03:33.340 --> 00:03:40.419 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:03:40.419 --> 00:03:45.060 And give them what they have spent. 00:03:45.060 --> 00:03:49.900 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:03:49.900 --> 00:03:54.939 Once you have given them their dowries. 00:03:54.939 --> 00:03:58.020 And do not hold onto the marriage bonds of disbelieving women. 00:03:58.020 --> 00:04:01.060 And ask for what you have spent. 00:04:01.060 --> 00:04:04.780 And let them ask for what they have spent. 00:04:04.780 --> 00:04:09.300 “O ye who believe! When believing women come unto you as fugitives, examine them. Allah is Best Aware of their faith. Then, if ye know them for true believers, send them not back unto the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them (the disbelievers), nor are they (the disbelievers) lawful for them. And give them (the disbelievers) that which they have spent (upon them). And it is no sin for you to marry such women when ye have given them their dues. And hold not to the ties of disbelieving women; and ask for (the return of) that which ye have spent; and let them (the disbelievers) ask for that which they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah. He judgeth between you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (60:10) 00:04:09.300 --> 00:04:14.659 And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. 00:04:14.659 --> 00:04:16.540 O you who have believed, 00:04:16.540 --> 00:04:19.980 When the believing women come to you as emigrants, 00:04:19.980 --> 00:04:22.980 From the land of disbelief to the land of Islam, 00:04:22.980 --> 00:04:25.899 Ask them what brought them. 00:04:25.899 --> 00:04:30.459 If it was brought about by anger toward their husbands or some other reason, 00:04:30.459 --> 00:04:31.899 And they did not believe, 00:04:31.899 --> 00:04:34.939 Then return them to their husbands. 00:04:34.939 --> 00:04:40.660 Allah is most knowing of the faith of those women who come to you as emigrants. 00:04:40.660 --> 00:04:45.699 If they affirm, upon examination, that which validates their profession of faith, 00:04:45.699 --> 00:04:49.449 Then do not turn them back from that to the disbelievers. 00:04:49.449 --> 00:04:52.370 This was said to the believers, 00:04:52.410 --> 00:04:57.410 Because a treaty had been concluded between the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:04:57.410 --> 00:05:01.329 And the polytheists of Quraysh at the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, 00:05:01.329 --> 00:05:05.970 That the Muslims would return to the polytheists anyone who came to them as a Muslim. 00:05:05.970 --> 00:05:09.129 So this condition was abrogated regarding women. 00:05:09.129 --> 00:05:11.889 The believing women are not lawful for the disbelievers, 00:05:11.889 --> 00:05:15.410 Nor are the disbelievers lawful for the believing women. 00:05:15.410 --> 00:05:19.730 And give the polytheists whose wives have come to you as believers, 00:05:19.730 --> 00:05:24.490 Once you have verified they are believers and have not returned them to them, 00:05:24.490 --> 00:05:28.800 What they spent on their dowries for marrying them. 00:05:28.800 --> 00:05:33.720 And there is no sin upon you, O believers, to marry these emigrant women, 00:05:33.720 --> 00:05:36.680 Who have joined you from the land of war, 00:05:36.680 --> 00:05:39.199 Having separated from their husbands, 00:05:39.199 --> 00:05:42.680 Even if they still have husbands in the land of war, 00:05:42.680 --> 00:05:45.199 Once you have verified they are believers, 00:05:45.199 --> 00:05:48.699 And once you have given them their dowries. 00:05:48.740 --> 00:05:54.420 And do not hold on, O believers, to the marriage bonds and ties of disbelieving women. 00:05:54.420 --> 00:06:01.980 This is a prohibition from Allah to the believers against proceeding to marry polytheistic women from among the idolaters, 00:06:01.980 --> 00:06:04.660 And a command for them to separate from them. 00:06:04.660 --> 00:06:10.379 And ask, O believers, those whose wives have left and joined the polytheists, 00:06:10.379 --> 00:06:15.220 For what you spent on the dowries of your wives who joined them, 00:06:15.220 --> 00:06:17.779 From those who married them among them. 00:06:17.819 --> 00:06:23.300 And let the polytheists whose wives have joined you as believers ask, 00:06:23.300 --> 00:06:30.189 If they married among you, for what they spent on their dowries. 00:06:30.189 --> 00:06:32.990 This is the ruling that I have decreed between you. 00:06:32.990 --> 00:06:37.149 Regarding your command, O believers, to ask the polytheists, 00:06:37.149 --> 00:06:40.430 It is the decree of Allah between you, so do not transgress it. 00:06:40.430 --> 00:06:45.470 And Allah is All-Knowing of what benefits His creation and other matters, 00:06:45.509 --> 00:06:49.750 Wise in His management of them. 00:06:49.750 --> 00:07:05.829 “And if any of your wives have gone from you unto the disbelievers and afterward ye have your turn (of triumph), then give unto those whose wives have gone the like of that which they have spent, and keep your duty to Allah in Whom ye are believers.” (60:11) 00:07:05.829 --> 00:07:13.370 And fear Allah, in whom you are believers. 00:07:13.449 --> 00:07:19.769 And if you lose, O believers, any of your wives to the disbelievers and they join them, 00:07:19.769 --> 00:07:23.730 Then give to those whose wives have gone from you to the disbelievers, 00:07:23.730 --> 00:07:27.209 The equivalent of what they spent on their dowries. 00:07:27.209 --> 00:07:31.850 And fear Allah, in whom you are believers, O you who believe. 00:07:31.850 --> 00:07:37.279 So fear Him by performing His obligatory duties and avoiding His prohibitions. 00:07:37.279 --> 00:07:59.000 “O Prophet! If believing women come unto thee, taking oath of allegiance unto thee that they will ascribe no thing as partner unto Allah, and will neither steal nor commit adultery nor kill their children, nor produce any lie that they have devised between their hands and feet, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (60:12) 00:07:59.000 --> 00:08:23.279 “O Prophet! If believing women come unto thee, taking oath of allegiance unto thee that they will ascribe no thing as partner unto Allah, and will neither steal nor commit adultery nor kill their children, nor produce any lie that they have devised between their hands and feet, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (60:12) 00:08:23.279 --> 00:08:32.409 “O Prophet! If believing women come unto thee, taking oath of allegiance unto thee that they will ascribe no thing as partner unto Allah, and will neither steal nor commit adultery nor kill their children, nor produce any lie that they have devised between their hands and feet, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (60:12) 00:08:32.769 --> 00:08:45.649 O Prophet, when the believing women come to you pledging to you that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, 00:08:45.649 --> 00:08:51.129 “O Prophet! If believing women come unto thee, taking oath of allegiance unto thee that they will ascribe no thing as partner unto Allah, and will neither steal nor commit adultery nor kill their children, nor produce any lie that they have devised between their hands and feet, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (60:12) 00:08:51.129 --> 00:08:57.889 Nor bring forth a slander they have fabricated between their hands and feet, 00:08:57.889 --> 00:09:01.690 Nor attribute to their husbands children who are not theirs, 00:09:01.690 --> 00:09:08.169 Nor disobey you, O Muhammad, in any good matter that Allah the Almighty commands them to do. 00:09:08.169 --> 00:09:12.490 And the "good" that was stipulated for them included [the prohibition of] wailing [over the dead]. 00:09:12.490 --> 00:09:17.049 When the believing women come to you pledging to these conditions, 00:09:17.049 --> 00:09:24.690 Ask Allah to forgive their sins and conceal them through His pardon for them. 00:09:24.690 --> 00:09:34.139 Indeed, Allah is the Concealer of the sins of those who repent to Him, not punishing them for them after their repentance. 00:09:34.139 --> 00:09:41.139 “O ye who believe! Be not friendly with a folk with whom Allah is wroth, (a folk) who have despaired of the Hereafter as the disbelievers despair of those who are in the graves.” (60:13) 00:09:41.139 --> 00:09:52.570 They have despaired of the Hereafter just as the disbelievers have despaired of the inhabitants of the graves. 00:09:52.610 --> 00:09:58.850 “O ye who believe! Be not friendly with a folk with whom Allah is wroth, (a folk) who have despaired of the Hereafter as the disbelievers despair of those who are in the graves.” (60:13) 00:09:58.850 --> 00:10:06.929 Those upon whom Allah has been angry—the Jews—have despaired of Allah’s reward and honor in the Hereafter, 00:10:06.929 --> 00:10:11.730 Just as the disbelievers who passed away before them despaired, for they perished, 00:10:11.730 --> 00:10:14.009 And became inhabitants of the graves. 00:10:14.009 --> 00:10:17.169 And they are in a state similar to what these people are in, 00:10:17.169 --> 00:10:24.980 Regarding their denial of Jesus, peace be upon him, and other messengers. 00:10:24.980 --> 00:10:28.340 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.