Summary of Sunni concepts
The need of common Muslims for fatwas
The general Muslim need for someone to give them fatwas is constant and urgent
Especially when the affliction is widespread and widespread in their societies
God Almighty said
So ask the people of remembrance if you do not know
And God Almighty said
If a matter of security or fear comes to them, they announce it
Even if they returned it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them
He knows those who infer it from them
Giving people fatwas about their religion is a trust
Giving people fatwas about their religion is a great trust
The mufti communicates on behalf of God and His Messenger the ruling of religion regarding what he asks for a fatwa about
The general public relates to the fatwa of their mufti
They implement it as God's rule
This is why muftis must not issue fatwas except on what they know
It is forbidden for them to speak about God without knowledge
God forbade that
He linked its prohibition to polytheism, immoral acts, injustice, and sin
God Almighty said
Say, “My Lord only forbids immoral acts, those that are apparent and those that are concealed.”
And sin and transgression without right
And to associate anything with God for which He has not sent down any authority
And that you say about God what you do not know
Giving false fatwas is slandering God
Giving people false fatwas is a great lie and slander against God
Its owner never succeeds
God Almighty said
And do not say what your tongues describe is a lie
This is permissible and this is forbidden, so that you may invent lies against God
Those who invent lies about God will not succeed
Granted to those who give falsehood
A statement in accordance with legal controls
Do not give legitimacy to corrupt actions
Rather, it would then be misleading the public and deceiving the Sharia
If you become corrupt, do not commit corruption in the name of Sharia law
The fatwa is based on two sciences
Knowledge of the provisions of Sharia
He knew the intended reality if the ruling on him was removed
The difference between the consistency of rulings and the differences in fatwas
The provisions of Sharia are fixed and do not change
No matter how times, places, conditions or customs change
But what may change is the fatwa
According to the change in the context of governance and its related matters
That is, the fatwa is the ruling
It may change depending on something else outside of it and related to it
The original ruling has not changed
Rather, it changed based on a change in its context and context
Example
Selling grapes is the solution
This is a fixed ruling in its origin
But if he knew that whoever would buy the grapes would turn it into wine
In that case, it is not permissible to sell to him as a pretext
And forbidding cooperation in sin and aggression
It is forbidden to sell to this person in particular
There is a condition related to him that prevents the sale to him
As for selling grapes in general
It will remain permissible for those who do not have this reason
Summary of Sunni concepts