1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,000 --> 00:00:07,599 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:07,599 --> 00:00:12,789 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil Ibn Salim al-Shammari. 4 00:00:12,789 --> 00:00:18,609 Surah al-Insan. 5 00:00:18,609 --> 00:00:22,609 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:22,609 --> 00:00:31,609 “Hath there come upon man (ever) any period of time in which he was a thing unremembered?” (76:1) 7 00:00:31,609 --> 00:00:37,539 “Hath there come upon man (ever) any period of time in which he was a thing unremembered?” (76:1) 8 00:00:37,539 --> 00:00:42,539 He was not a thing of any prominence, loftiness, or nobility. 9 00:00:42,539 --> 00:00:46,539 He was merely cohesive clay and altered black mud. 10 00:00:46,539 --> 00:00:56,270 “Lo! We create man from a drop of thickened fluid to test him; so We make him hearing, knowing.” (76:2) 11 00:00:56,270 --> 00:01:02,270 So We made him hearing and seeing. 12 00:01:02,270 --> 00:01:11,269 We have guided him to the way, whether he be grateful or ungrateful. 13 00:01:11,269 --> 00:01:17,099 We created the offspring of Adam from a mixture of fluids. 14 00:01:17,099 --> 00:01:20,099 From the sperm of the man and the ovum of the woman. 15 00:01:20,099 --> 00:01:24,099 We test him, and We have made him possessor of hearing with which he hears. 16 00:01:24,099 --> 00:01:26,099 And possessor of sight with which he sees. 17 00:01:26,099 --> 00:01:29,099 This is a favor from Allah to His servants. 18 00:01:29,099 --> 00:01:31,099 And a mercy from Him toward them. 19 00:01:31,099 --> 00:01:33,099 And a proof for Him against them. 20 00:01:33,099 --> 00:01:38,099 We have clarified for him the path to Paradise and made his way known. 21 00:01:38,099 --> 00:01:40,099 Whether he shows gratitude or ingratitude. 22 00:01:40,099 --> 00:01:48,939 “Lo! We have prepared for disbelievers manacles and carcans and a raging fire.” (76:4) 23 00:01:48,939 --> 00:01:54,480 We have prepared for those who deny Our favor and disobey Our command. 24 00:01:54,480 --> 00:01:58,480 Chains with which they are bound tightly in Hell. 25 00:01:59,480 --> 00:02:03,480 And their hands are shackled with fetters to their necks. 26 00:02:03,480 --> 00:02:07,480 And a fire that is stoked and blazes against them. 27 00:02:07,480 --> 00:02:17,310 “Lo! the righteous shall drink of a cup whereof the mixture is of Kafur,” (76:5) 28 00:02:17,310 --> 00:02:25,310 “A spring wherefrom the slaves of Allah drink, making it gush forth abundantly,” (76:6) 29 00:02:25,310 --> 00:02:33,180 Indeed, those who were righteous by obeying their Lord in performing His obligations and avoiding His prohibitions. 30 00:02:33,180 --> 00:02:40,180 Shall drink from a cup whose mixture is camphor, in the pleasantness of its scent. 31 00:02:40,180 --> 00:02:45,180 From a spring from which the servants of Allah drink, whom He admits into Paradise. 32 00:02:45,180 --> 00:02:51,180 They cause that spring from which they drink to gush forth however and wherever they wish. 33 00:02:51,180 --> 00:02:55,180 From their dwellings and palaces, they cause it to flow. 34 00:02:55,180 --> 00:03:04,979 “(Because) they perform the vow and fear a day whereof the evil is wide-spreading,” (76:7) 35 00:03:04,979 --> 00:03:12,979 “And feed with food the needy wretch, the orphan and the prisoner, for love of Him,” (76:8) 36 00:03:12,979 --> 00:03:29,009 “(Saying): We feed you, for the sake of Allah only. We wish for no reward nor thanks from you;” (76:9) 37 00:03:29,009 --> 00:03:35,939 Indeed, the righteous who drink from a cup whose mixture is camphor. 38 00:03:35,939 --> 00:03:41,939 Were righteous in fulfilling the vows they used to make in obedience to Allah. 39 00:03:41,939 --> 00:03:47,939 And they fear the punishment of Allah by failing to fulfill the righteousness they vowed to Him. 40 00:03:47,939 --> 00:03:53,939 On a day whose evil is widespread, extended, long, and pervasive. 41 00:03:53,939 --> 00:04:00,939 And these righteous ones used to feed food, despite their love for it and their desire for it. 42 00:04:00,939 --> 00:04:04,939 To those in need who have been humbled by poverty. 43 00:04:04,939 --> 00:04:08,939 And the orphan whose father has died and who possesses nothing. 44 00:04:08,939 --> 00:04:13,939 And the captive from the people of the house of war, taken by force through victory. 45 00:04:13,939 --> 00:04:17,939 Or from the people of the Qiblah, taken and imprisoned for a just cause. 46 00:04:17,939 --> 00:04:23,939 They say, "We only feed you seeking the pleasure of Allah and proximity to Him." 47 00:04:23,939 --> 00:04:29,939 "We desire from you, O people, neither reward nor thanks for our feeding you." 48 00:04:29,939 --> 00:04:37,800 “Lo! we fear from our Lord a day of frowning and of fate.” (76:10) 49 00:04:37,800 --> 00:04:46,800 “Therefor Allah hath warded off from them the evil of that day, and hath made them find brightness and joy;” (76:11) 50 00:04:46,800 --> 00:04:53,800 And He rewarded them for their patience with a garden and silk. 51 00:04:53,800 --> 00:05:04,800 “Reclining therein upon couches, they will find there neither (heat of) a sun nor bitter cold.” (76:13) 52 00:05:04,800 --> 00:05:12,759 "We do not feed you food seeking from you any compensation for our feeding you, nor thanks." 53 00:05:12,759 --> 00:05:18,759 "Rather, we feed you out of hope that our Lord will protect us from His punishment." 54 00:05:18,759 --> 00:05:21,759 On a day of intense terror and grave significance. 55 00:05:21,759 --> 00:05:25,759 Faces will be contorted on that day due to the severity of its hardships. 56 00:05:25,759 --> 00:05:28,759 The affliction of its people will be long and severe. 57 00:05:29,819 --> 00:05:35,819 So Allah protected them from the evil of that grim, calamitous day which they used to fear in the world. 58 00:05:35,819 --> 00:05:38,819 Because of what they used to do in the world. 59 00:05:38,819 --> 00:05:43,819 And He granted them radiance in their faces and joy in their hearts. 60 00:05:43,819 --> 00:05:47,819 And Allah rewarded them for their patience in the world in His obedience. 61 00:05:47,819 --> 00:05:52,819 And for acting in a way that pleases Him, with a garden and silk. 62 00:05:52,819 --> 00:05:56,819 Reclining in Paradise on couches within canopied pavilions. 63 00:05:56,819 --> 00:06:00,819 They will not see therein a sun to harm them with its heat. 64 00:06:00,819 --> 00:06:05,589 Nor a bitter cold to harm them with its chill. 65 00:06:05,589 --> 00:06:12,589 Its shade will be close over them, and its fruits will be made easy to reach. 66 00:06:12,589 --> 00:06:22,589 “Goblets of silver are brought round for them, and beakers (as) of glass” (76:15) 67 00:06:22,589 --> 00:06:29,589 Vessels of silver, which they have measured with precise measurement. 68 00:06:29,589 --> 00:06:37,589 “There are they watered with a cup whereof the mixture is of Zanjabil,” (76:17) 69 00:06:37,589 --> 00:06:44,420 A spring therein called Salsabil. 70 00:06:44,420 --> 00:06:47,420 The shade of its trees will be brought near to them. 71 00:06:47,420 --> 00:06:50,420 And the harvesting of its fruits will be made easy for them. 72 00:06:50,420 --> 00:06:55,420 However they wish—sitting, standing, or reclining. 73 00:06:55,420 --> 00:07:01,420 And there will circulate among these righteous ones vessels of silver, clear as glass. 74 00:07:01,420 --> 00:07:05,420 They possess the whiteness of silver and the clarity of glass. 75 00:07:05,420 --> 00:07:10,420 And along with the vessels, there will circulate large jars containing the drink. 76 00:07:10,420 --> 00:07:17,420 They have measured those vessels that are circulated among them according to the measure of their thirst. 77 00:07:17,420 --> 00:07:20,420 Neither exceeding nor falling short of that. 78 00:07:20,420 --> 00:07:28,490 And these righteous people will be given to drink in Paradise a cup whose mixture is ginger. 79 00:07:28,490 --> 00:07:32,490 A spring in Paradise described by its smoothness in the throat. 80 00:07:32,490 --> 00:07:38,490 And in the state of its flow and its submission to the people of Paradise, they direct it wherever they wish. 81 00:07:38,490 --> 00:07:50,540 “There wait on them immortal youths, whom, when thou seest, thou wouldst take for scattered pearls.” (76:19) 82 00:07:50,540 --> 00:07:57,540 “When thou seest, thou wilt see there bliss and high estate.” (76:20) 83 00:07:57,540 --> 00:08:04,540 “Their raiment will be fine green silk and gold embroidery. Bracelets of silver will they wear. Their Lord will slake their thirst with a pure drink.” (76:21) 84 00:08:04,540 --> 00:08:13,540 “Their raiment will be fine green silk and gold embroidery. Bracelets of silver will they wear. Their Lord will slake their thirst with a pure drink.” (76:21) 85 00:08:13,540 --> 00:08:23,540 “(And it will be said unto them): Lo! this is a reward for you. Your endeavour (upon earth) hath found acceptance.” (76:22) 86 00:08:23,540 --> 00:08:29,569 And there will circulate among these righteous ones youths who do not die. 87 00:08:29,569 --> 00:08:35,570 Remaining in one state, never changing with old age, gray hair, or death. 88 00:08:35,570 --> 00:08:41,570 If you were to see, O Muhammad, these youths, whether gathered or dispersed. 89 00:08:41,570 --> 00:08:48,570 You would think them, in their beauty, the purity of their faces, and their abundance, to be scattered pearls. 90 00:08:48,570 --> 00:08:52,570 And if you look with your sight, O Muhammad, and cast your gaze. 91 00:08:52,570 --> 00:08:57,570 Upon what has been given to these righteous ones in Paradise of honor. 92 00:08:57,570 --> 00:09:02,570 You will see bliss and, along with that bliss, a great kingdom. 93 00:09:02,570 --> 00:09:07,570 Upon these righteous ones will be garments of fine green silk. 94 00:09:07,570 --> 00:09:10,570 And over them will be that which is thick of silk. 95 00:09:10,570 --> 00:09:18,570 Their Lord will adorn them with bracelets, and their Lord will give these righteous ones a pure drink. 96 00:09:18,570 --> 00:09:22,570 And part of its purity is that it does not become impure urine. 97 00:09:22,570 --> 00:09:27,570 Rather, it becomes a perspiration from their bodies like the scent of musk. 98 00:09:27,570 --> 00:09:31,730 It will be said to these righteous ones at that time: 99 00:09:31,730 --> 00:09:34,730 "Indeed, this which We have given you of honor..." 100 00:09:34,730 --> 00:09:40,730 "...was for you a reward for the righteous deeds you used to do in the world." 101 00:09:40,730 --> 00:09:43,730 "And your work therein was appreciated." 102 00:09:43,730 --> 00:09:47,730 Your Lord praised you for it and was pleased with it for you. 103 00:09:54,399 --> 00:10:02,399 “So submit patiently to thy Lord's command, and obey not of them any guilty one or disbeliever.” (76:24) 104 00:10:02,399 --> 00:10:07,399 “Remember the name of thy Lord at morn and evening.” (76:25) 105 00:10:07,399 --> 00:10:14,399 “And worship Him (a portion) of the night. And glorify Him through the livelong night.” (76:26) 106 00:10:14,399 --> 00:10:21,139 Indeed, it is We who have sent down to you, O Muhammad, this Qur'an in stages. 107 00:10:21,139 --> 00:10:24,139 As a trial and a test from Us. 108 00:10:24,139 --> 00:10:30,139 So be patient for the sake of your Lord regarding the obligations He has tested you with and the conveying of His messages. 109 00:10:30,139 --> 00:10:36,139 And for fulfilling what He has bound you to fulfill in the revelation He has inspired to you. 110 00:10:36,139 --> 00:10:41,139 And do not obey, in the disobedience of Allah, any sinner who seeks, by committing his sins. 111 00:10:41,139 --> 00:10:44,139 Or by denying His favors and blessings. 112 00:10:44,139 --> 00:10:50,169 And remember, O Muhammad, the name of your Lord, and call upon Him by it in the morning, in the dawn prayer. 113 00:10:50,169 --> 00:10:53,169 And in the evening, in the Dhuhr and 'Asr prayers. 114 00:10:53,169 --> 00:10:58,169 And during the night, prostrate to Him in your prayer, and glorify Him for most of the night. 115 00:10:58,169 --> 00:11:14,149 “Lo! these love fleeting life, and put behind them (the remembrance of) a grievous day.” (76:27) 116 00:11:14,149 --> 00:11:19,149 “We, even We, created them, and strengthened their frame. And when We will, We can replace them, bringing others like them in their stead.” (76:28) 117 00:11:19,149 --> 00:11:25,149 “We, even We, created them, and strengthened their frame. And when We will, We can replace them, bringing others like them in their stead.” (76:28) 118 00:11:25,149 --> 00:11:31,980 Indeed, these polytheists who associate partners with Allah love the world and remaining in it. 119 00:11:31,980 --> 00:11:37,980 Its adornment amazes them, and they cast behind their backs the work for the Hereafter. 120 00:11:37,980 --> 00:11:41,980 And they have nothing therein that would save them from the punishment of Allah on that day. 121 00:11:41,980 --> 00:11:48,080 We created these polytheists who associate partners with Allah, who oppose His command and His prohibition. 122 00:11:48,080 --> 00:11:54,080 And We strengthened their constitution, and if We willed, We could destroy them. 123 00:11:54,080 --> 00:12:00,080 And bring others like them from the creation who are different from them in their deeds. 124 00:12:00,080 --> 00:12:11,940 Indeed, this is a reminder, so whoever wills may take a way to his Lord. 125 00:12:11,940 --> 00:12:24,389 “Yet ye will not, unless Allah willeth. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (76:30) 126 00:12:24,389 --> 00:12:36,389 “He maketh whom He will to enter His mercy, and for evil-doers hath prepared a painful doom.” (76:31) 127 00:12:38,129 --> 00:12:43,129 Indeed, this Surah is a reminder for whoever remembers, takes heed, and reflects. 128 00:12:43,129 --> 00:12:48,129 So whoever wills, O people, let him take a way to the pleasure of his Lord. 129 00:12:48,129 --> 00:12:53,220 By acting in obedience to Him and adhering to His command and His prohibition. 130 00:12:53,220 --> 00:12:58,220 And you do not will to take the way to your Lord, O people. 131 00:12:58,220 --> 00:13:04,220 Unless Allah wills that for you, for the matter belongs to Him, not to you. 132 00:13:04,220 --> 00:13:12,220 Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise; therefore, no one among you will escape what has already been decreed in His knowledge regarding your management. 133 00:13:12,220 --> 00:13:20,289 Your Lord admits whom He wills of you into His mercy, so He forgives him his sins and admits him into His Paradise. 134 00:13:20,289 --> 00:13:25,289 And those who wronged themselves and died in their state of polytheism. 135 00:13:25,289 --> 00:13:31,289 He has prepared for them in the Hereafter a painful, agonizing punishment, which is the punishment of Hell. 136 00:13:31,289 --> 00:13:37,080 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.