WEBVTT

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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

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An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah),

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Authored by Sheikh Musa Al-Rashid Al-'Azimi,

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May Allah preserve him.

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The Attempted Assassination of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

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A number of hypocrites conspired against the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

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Intending to crowd him at the mountain pass in order to kill him.

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Yet Allah protected His Messenger, peace be upon him, from them.

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Indeed, Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with an authentic chain of narration

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On the authority of Abu Al-Tufayl, who said:

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When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was returning from the Battle of Tabuk,

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He ordered a herald to announce:

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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, has taken the mountain pass,

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So let no one take it."

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While the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was being led by Hudhayfah, may Allah be pleased with him,

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And driven from behind by 'Ammar, may Allah be pleased with him,

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A masked group of riders mounted on camels suddenly approached.

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They overwhelmed 'Ammar while he was driving the mount of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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So 'Ammar began striking the faces of their camels.

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to Hudhayfah: "Halt! Halt!"

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Meaning: that is enough, hold on, hold on,

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Until the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, descended the pass.

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When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, descended, he dismounted, and 'Ammar returned.

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Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

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"O 'Ammar, did you recognize the people?"

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He replied: "I recognized most of the mounts, but the people were masked."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, asked:

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"Do you know what they intended?"

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He said:

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"Allah and His Messenger know best."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

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"They intended to startle the mount of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, so as to throw him off."

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The narrator said: 'Ammar later asked one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him:

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"I adjure you by Allah, how many do you know the people of the mountain pass were?"

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He replied: "Fourteen."

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'Ammar said: "If you were among them, they were fifteen."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, excused three of them,

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For they said: "By Allah, we did not hear the herald of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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Nor did we know what those people intended."

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Thereupon 'Ammar, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"I bear witness that the remaining twelve

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Are at war with Allah and His Messenger in this worldly life and on the Day when the witnesses will stand forth."

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And regarding that, the words of Allah Almighty were revealed:

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“They swear by Allah that they said nothing (wrong), yet they did say the word of disbelief, and did disbelieve after their Surrender (to Allah). And they purposed that which they could not attain, and they sought revenge only that Allah by His messenger should enrich them of His bounty. If they repent it will be better for them; and if they turn away, Allah will afflict them with a painful doom in the world and the Hereafter, and they have no protecting friend nor helper in the earth.” (9:74)

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Imam Al-Qurtubi said in his Tafsir:

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"Namely, the hypocrites who plotted to kill the Prophet, peace be upon him, on the night of the mountain pass during the Battle of Tabuk."

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The Prophet's Hastening to Medina

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When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, reached Wadi Al-Qura,

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He said to his Companions:

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"I am hastening to Medina;

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So whoever among you wishes to hasten with me, let him do so."

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When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, overlooked Medina,

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He said: "This is Tabah."

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And when he saw Mount Uhud,

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He said: "This is Uhud,

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A mountain that loves us and which we love."

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Imam Al-Nawawi said:

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"His saying, peace be upon him, 'loves us and we love it':

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The correct view is that it is to be understood literally,

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Meaning that it loves us in and of itself,

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For Allah has endowed it with perception."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, mentioned to his Companions the rewards of those who had valid excuses:

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Both Sheikhs recorded in their Sahihs,

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And the wording is from Al-Bukhari,

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On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said:

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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, returned from the Battle of Tabuk,

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And as he drew near to Medina, he said:

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'Indeed, in Medina there are people: you did not march any distance nor cross any valley,

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Except that they were with you.'

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They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, even though they were in Medina?'

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, replied:

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'Even though they were in Medina;

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They were detained by a valid excuse.'"

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Imam Al-Nawawi said:

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"In this hadith lies the virtue of intending good,

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And that whoever intends to embark on a military expedition or perform any other act of obedience,

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But is prevented by an unforeseen excuse, attains the reward of his intention;

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And the more he grieves over missing it

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And earnestly wishes he were alongside the warriors and the like, the greater his reward becomes.

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And Allah knows best."

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The Reception by the People of Medina

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The people of Medina heard news of the arrival of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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So they went out to Thaniyyat Al-Wada'

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Welcoming him with immense warmth, joy, and delight.

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Indeed, Imam Al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih

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On the authority of Al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

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"I remember that I went out with the young boys

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To welcome the Prophet, peace be upon him, at Thaniyyat Al-Wada'

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Upon his return from the Battle of Tabuk."

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In the narration of Imam Al-Tirmidhi with an authentic chain of transmission,

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Al-Sa'ib, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, returned from Tabuk,

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The people went out to meet him at Thaniyyat Al-Wada'."

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He said: "So I went out along with the people while I was still a young boy."

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The Prophet's Burning of Masjid Al-Dirar (the Mosque of Harm)

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Shortly before entering the Prophet's City, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded

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Malik ibn Al-Dukhshum and Ma'n ibn 'Adi, may Allah be pleased with them both,

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To burn down and demolish Masjid Al-Dirar,

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Which the hypocrites had built to cause harm to Islam and the Muslims.

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Thus, Allah, Glorified and Exalted, exposed them in His Noble Book,

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Where He Almighty said:

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“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)

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“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)

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"And they will surely swear, 'We intended only good,'

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But Allah testifies that they are surely liars."

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“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)

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“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)

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“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)

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"And Allah loves those who purify themselves."

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The Prophet's Stance Toward Those Left Behind

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Owing to its unique circumstances, the Battle of Tabuk

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Was a severe test from Allah, Glorified and Exalted,

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By which He distinguished the believers from others.

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For every sincere believer marched out for this campaign,

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To the point that staying behind became a definitive mark of hypocrisy in a man,

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Unless he possessed an excuse acceptable to Allah.

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Both Sheikhs recorded in their Sahihs

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On the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him—

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He being one of the three who stayed behind from this expedition—

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Who said: "When it was announced that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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Was imminent in his arrival, all false pretexts departed from me,

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And I knew that I could never escape his displeasure through anything containing falsehood,

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So I resolved to speak the absolute truth to him.

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, arrived in the morning,

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And whenever he returned from a journey, he would first proceed to the mosque,

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Pray two rak'ahs therein, and then sit with the people.

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When he had done so, those who had stayed behind came to him

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And began offering him their excuses and swearing oaths to him;

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They were eighty-odd men.

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, accepted their public professions,

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Took their allegiance, prayed for their forgiveness,

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And entrusted their hidden secrets to Allah."

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Then Allah, Glorified and Exalted, accepted the repentance of the sincere Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, who had stayed behind,

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Because of their truthfulness—foremost among them being

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Ka'b ibn Malik, Hilal ibn Umayyah,

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And Murarah ibn Al-Rabi', may Allah be pleased with them.

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Allah Almighty said:

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“O ye who believe! Be careful of your duty to Allah, and be with the truthful.” (9:119)

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Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said:

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"The ultimate outcome of their truthfulness was good for them and brought about repentance for them."

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What Was Revealed of the Qur'an Regarding the Battle of Tabuk

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Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said:

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"And regarding it, Allah revealed the greater part of Surah Al-Tawbah."

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Imam Al-Qurtubi said:

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"It is called Al-Fadihah (the Exposer) and Al-Buhuth (the Searcher) because it searched out the inner secrets of the hypocrites."

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Both Sheikhs recorded in their Sahihs on the authority of Sa'id ibn Jubayr:

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He said: "I said to Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both:

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'Surah Al-Tawbah?'

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He said: 'Al-Tawbah is Al-Fadihah (the Exposer);

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It kept descending with, "And of them are those who...", "And of them are those who...",

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Until they thought that none of them would be left unmentioned in it.'"

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Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded in his Musannaf with a good chain of transmission

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On the authority of Hudhayfah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

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"You call it Surah Al-Tawbah, but it is indeed Surah Al-'Adhab (the Chapter of Punishment)."

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Al-Hakim recorded in Al-Mustadrak with an authentic chain of narration

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On the authority of Jubayr ibn Nufayr, who said:

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"A man said to Al-Miqdad ibn Al-Aswad, may Allah be pleased with him:

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'Would that you had refrained from military expeditions this year!'

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He replied: 'Al-Buhuth—meaning Surah Al-Tawbah—has forbidden us,

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For Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: "Go forth, light and heavy,"

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And I find myself to be none other than light.'"

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Ibn Ishaq said:

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"Bara'ah was called during the lifetime of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and thereafter,

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Al-Muba'thirah (the Scatterer), because of what it laid bare of the hidden secrets of the people."

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And Tabuk was the very last expedition undertaken by the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah).

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Though the longing of creation for one another may endure,

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The longing toward you knows no bound.

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May the blessings of Allah be upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised,

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And lips move in remembrance of the Everlasting.