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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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Part of fully grasping the reality of both this world and the Hereafter

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is understanding the wisdom behind why some people are favored over others in worldly matters.

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It is so that they may employ one another in various tasks, crafts, and trades.

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As Allah the Exalted said:

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"Is it they who distribute the mercy of your Lord?"

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“Is it they who apportion thy Lord's mercy? We have apportioned among them their livelihood in the life of the world, and raised some of them above others in rank that some of them may take labour from others; and the mercy of thy Lord is better than (the wealth) that they amass.” (43:32)

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“Is it they who apportion thy Lord's mercy? We have apportioned among them their livelihood in the life of the world, and raised some of them above others in rank that some of them may take labour from others; and the mercy of thy Lord is better than (the wealth) that they amass.” (43:32)

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"But the mercy of your Lord is better than what they accumulate."

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For if people were equal in wealth and had no need of one another,

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many of their interests and benefits would be neglected,

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and their livelihoods would be ruined.

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Allah, glory be to Him, clarified that this favoring applies only to worldly matters.

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As for the Hereafter and its affairs, the standard for superiority therein is piety.

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“O mankind! Lo! We have created you male and female, and have made you nations and tribes that ye may know one another. Lo! the noblest of you, in the sight of Allah, is the best in conduct. Lo! Allah is Knower, Aware.” (49:13)

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This is why the Exalted said, following the explanation of the reason for worldly favoring:

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"But the mercy of your Lord is better than what they accumulate."

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This is similar to His saying in Surah Yunus,

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“Say: In the bounty of Allah and in His mercy: therein let them rejoice. It is better than what they hoard.” (10:58)

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“Say: In the bounty of Allah and in His mercy: therein let them rejoice. It is better than what they hoard.” (10:58)

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and His saying in Surah al-Zukhruf, regarding the same subject after explaining worldly disparities.

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“And ornaments of gold. Yet all that would have been but a provision of the life of the world. And the Hereafter with your Lord would have been for those who keep from evil.” (43:35)

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“And ornaments of gold. Yet all that would have been but a provision of the life of the world. And the Hereafter with your Lord would have been for those who keep from evil.” (43:35)

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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.