WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:03.200 --> 00:00:08.199 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.199 --> 00:00:12.789 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.789 --> 00:00:16.280 Surah al-Najm. 00:00:16.280 --> 00:00:22.149 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:22.149 --> 00:00:25.550 By the star when it descends. 00:00:25.550 --> 00:00:29.350 “Your comrade erreth not, nor is deceived;” (53:2) 00:00:29.350 --> 00:00:32.500 And by the Pleiades when they set. 00:00:32.899 --> 00:00:37.500 Your companion, O people, has not deviated from the truth, nor has he strayed from it. 00:00:37.500 --> 00:00:40.899 Rather, he is upon uprightness and correctness. 00:00:40.899 --> 00:00:43.100 He has not become misguided. 00:00:43.100 --> 00:00:46.829 Rather, he is rightly guided and sound. 00:00:46.829 --> 00:00:50.829 “Nor doth he speak of (his own) desire.” (53:3) 00:00:50.829 --> 00:00:55.880 “It is naught save an inspiration that is inspired,” (53:4) 00:00:55.880 --> 00:00:59.880 Muhammad does not speak this Qur'an out of personal desire. 00:01:00.079 --> 00:01:04.079 This Qur'an is nothing but a revelation from Allah, revealed to him. 00:01:05.209 --> 00:01:08.209 He was taught by one intense in strength. 00:01:08.209 --> 00:01:11.810 He, the angel, stood poised. 00:01:11.810 --> 00:01:14.810 While he was in the highest horizon. 00:01:14.810 --> 00:01:18.409 Then he approached and descended. 00:01:18.409 --> 00:01:22.209 And was at a distance of two bow lengths or nearer. 00:01:22.209 --> 00:01:26.209 “And He revealed unto His slave that which He revealed.” (53:10) 00:01:26.810 --> 00:01:30.250 He taught Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:01:30.250 --> 00:01:33.250 this Qur'an—meaning Gabriel, peace be upon him. 00:01:33.650 --> 00:01:35.650 He is intense in his faculties, 00:01:35.650 --> 00:01:37.849 possessing physical health and soundness, 00:01:37.849 --> 00:01:40.450 free from defects and infirmities. 00:01:40.450 --> 00:01:42.650 Then he, the one intense in strength, stood poised, 00:01:42.650 --> 00:01:46.650 while your companion, Muhammad, was at the highest horizon of the sunrise. 00:01:46.650 --> 00:01:51.849 This occurred when the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was taken on the Night Journey. 00:01:51.849 --> 00:01:56.250 Then Gabriel approached Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:01:56.250 --> 00:01:58.250 Gabriel descended toward him. 00:01:58.250 --> 00:02:01.650 At a distance of two bow lengths or closer. 00:02:01.650 --> 00:02:06.049 Then Gabriel revealed to His servant, Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:02:06.049 --> 00:02:09.319 what his Lord had revealed to him. 00:02:09.319 --> 00:02:13.639 The heart did not deny what it saw. 00:02:13.639 --> 00:02:16.240 The heart of Muhammad did not deny 00:02:16.240 --> 00:02:19.639 what he saw; rather, he confirmed it. 00:02:19.639 --> 00:02:23.439 What his heart saw was the Lord of the worlds. 00:02:23.439 --> 00:02:27.039 He saw Him with his heart, not with his physical eyes. 00:02:27.039 --> 00:02:28.439 It has also been said: 00:02:28.439 --> 00:02:31.639 Rather, what his heart saw—and did not deny—was 00:02:31.639 --> 00:02:34.710 Gabriel, peace be upon him. 00:02:34.710 --> 00:02:38.310 “Will ye then dispute with him concerning what he seeth?” (53:12) 00:02:38.310 --> 00:02:41.909 And he certainly saw him in another descent, 00:02:41.909 --> 00:02:46.110 at the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary, 00:02:46.110 --> 00:02:51.560 near which is the Garden of Refuge. 00:02:51.560 --> 00:02:55.759 Do you dispute with Muhammad, O polytheists, regarding what he sees, 00:02:55.759 --> 00:02:58.759 of the signs of His Lord that Allah has shown him? 00:02:58.960 --> 00:03:01.960 He saw Gabriel in his true form twice: 00:03:01.960 --> 00:03:04.159 at the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary, 00:03:04.159 --> 00:03:07.900 near which is the Garden of Refuge for the martyrs. 00:03:07.900 --> 00:03:11.500 “When that which shroudeth did enshroud the lote-tree,” (53:16) 00:03:11.500 --> 00:03:15.099 “The eye turned not aside nor yet was overbold.” (53:17) 00:03:15.099 --> 00:03:20.610 “Verily he saw one of the greater revelations of his Lord.” (53:18) 00:03:20.610 --> 00:03:23.210 “When that which shroudeth did enshroud the lote-tree,” (53:16) 00:03:23.210 --> 00:03:25.810 It was covered by golden moths. 00:03:25.810 --> 00:03:27.009 It has also been said: 00:03:27.009 --> 00:03:31.210 That which covered it was the Lord of Might and His angels. 00:03:31.210 --> 00:03:35.810 The gaze of Muhammad did not swerve right or left from what he saw, 00:03:35.810 --> 00:03:39.009 nor did he exceed what he was commanded in the slightest. 00:03:39.009 --> 00:03:41.009 Muhammad saw there 00:03:41.009 --> 00:03:45.840 the greatest signs and proofs of his Lord. 00:03:45.840 --> 00:03:49.439 So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza, 00:03:49.439 --> 00:03:52.840 and Manat, the third one, the other? 00:03:52.840 --> 00:03:57.240 “Are yours the males and His the females?” (53:21) 00:03:57.240 --> 00:04:02.240 That is then an unjust division. 00:04:28.199 --> 00:04:32.199 And for Allah is the female, while for yourselves is what you desire? 00:04:32.199 --> 00:04:37.199 This division of yours is an unfair and unequal division, 00:04:37.199 --> 00:04:39.199 deficient and incomplete. 00:04:39.199 --> 00:04:44.959 “They are but names which ye have named, ye and your fathers, for which Allah hath revealed no warrant. They follow but a guess and that which (they) themselves desire. And now the guidance from their Lord hath come unto them.” (53:23) 00:04:44.959 --> 00:04:56.959 You have named them, you and your forefathers. 00:04:56.959 --> 00:05:01.959 Allah has not sent down any authority for them. 00:05:01.959 --> 00:05:05.959 They follow nothing but assumption 00:05:05.959 --> 00:05:08.959 and what their souls desire. 00:05:08.959 --> 00:05:14.959 “They are but names which ye have named, ye and your fathers, for which Allah hath revealed no warrant. They follow but a guess and that which (they) themselves desire. And now the guidance from their Lord hath come unto them.” (53:23) 00:05:14.959 --> 00:05:18.540 These names that you have given them, 00:05:18.540 --> 00:05:20.540 namely al-Lat, al-'Uzza, 00:05:20.540 --> 00:05:22.540 and Manat, the third one, the other, 00:05:22.540 --> 00:05:25.540 are nothing but names you have invented, 00:05:25.540 --> 00:05:29.540 you and your forefathers, O you who associate partners with Allah. 00:05:29.540 --> 00:05:33.540 Allah has not sent down any proof for you regarding these names, 00:05:33.540 --> 00:05:36.540 nor has Allah permitted that for you. 00:05:36.540 --> 00:05:40.540 These polytheists follow nothing regarding these names 00:05:40.540 --> 00:05:43.540 except assumption and the desires of their own souls. 00:05:43.540 --> 00:05:46.540 And there has certainly come to these polytheists, 00:05:46.540 --> 00:05:50.540 from their Lord, the clarification that their worship is not appropriate. 00:05:50.540 --> 00:05:56.209 Or is there for man whatever he wishes? 00:05:56.209 --> 00:06:00.209 Rather, to Allah belongs the Hereafter and the first life. 00:06:00.209 --> 00:06:03.879 Or did Muhammad, peace be upon him, desire 00:06:03.879 --> 00:06:05.879 prophethood and messengership, 00:06:05.879 --> 00:06:07.879 and wish for that, 00:06:07.879 --> 00:06:09.879 so his Lord granted it to him? 00:06:09.879 --> 00:06:13.879 To Allah belongs everything in the Hereafter and the world. 00:06:13.879 --> 00:06:16.879 He gives to whom He wills of His creation what He wills, 00:06:16.879 --> 00:06:19.879 and He withholds from whom He wills among them what He wills. 00:06:19.879 --> 00:06:25.509 The summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.