WEBVTT

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Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

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Chapter: Moderation in Worship.

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On the authority of Abu Juhayfah Wahb ibn ‘Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, established a bond of brotherhood between Salman and Abu al-Darda’.

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Salman visited Abu al-Darda’.

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He saw Umm al-Darda’ looking disheveled.

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He asked her, "What is the matter with you?"

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She replied, "Your brother Abu al-Darda’ has no interest in the world."

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Then Abu al-Darda’ came and prepared food for him.

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He said to him, "Eat, for I am fasting."

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Salman said, "I will not eat until you eat."

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So he ate.

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When night fell, Abu al-Darda’ stood up to pray.

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Salman said to him, "Sleep," so he slept.

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Then he went to stand up again, and he said to him, "Sleep."

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When it was the end of the night, Salman said, "Get up now."

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So they prayed together.

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Salman said to him, "Indeed, your Lord has a right over you."

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"And your soul has a right over you."

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"And your family has a right over you."

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"So give everyone who has a right their due right."

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He went to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and mentioned that to him.

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

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"Salman has spoken the truth."

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Narrated by al-Bukhari.

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The brotherhood here refers to the covenant of mutual support and upholding the rights of the religion.

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"Disheveled" (mutabadhilah):

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Meaning she was wearing work clothes.

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Abandoning the wearing of adornment.

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"What is the matter with you?"

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Meaning: Why are you in this state?

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"Has no interest in the world":

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Meaning he does not concern himself with worldly pleasures and delights.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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The legitimacy of establishing brotherhood for the sake of Allah.

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Visiting brothers and staying overnight with them.

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The legitimacy of speaking to a woman who is not a mahram if there is a need.

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And asking about matters that involve a benefit.

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Even if, on the surface, it does not concern the questioner.

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The legitimacy of offering counsel to Muslims.

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And alerting those among them who are heedless.

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The virtue of praying at the end of the night.

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And that the time of suhur (pre-dawn) is the time for standing in prayer.

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The established right of the wife over the husband for kind treatment.

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From this, one also derives the wife's right to companionship.

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The legitimacy of a woman adorning herself for her husband.

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The permissibility of breaking a voluntary fast.

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The permissibility of forbidding recommended acts.

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If it is feared that doing so will lead to weariness and boredom.

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And the neglect of obligatory rights.

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The dislike of burdening the soul with what it cannot bear in worship.

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This incident between Salman and Abu al-Darda’

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Occurred before the obligation of the hijab was revealed.

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On the authority of Abu Muhammad ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was informed that I was saying:

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"By Allah, I will fast during the day and pray during the night as long as I live."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

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"Are you the one who says that?"

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I replied, "I have said it, may my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah."

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He said, "You will not be able to do that."

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"So fast and break your fast, sleep and stand in prayer."

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"Fast three days of the month."

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"For a good deed is rewarded tenfold."

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"And that is like fasting for a lifetime."

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I said, "I am capable of more than that."

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He said, "Then fast one day and break your fast for two days."

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I said, "I am capable of more than that."

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He said, "Then fast one day and break your fast for one day."

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"That is the fast of Dawud, peace be upon him."

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"And it is the most balanced fast."

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In another narration: "It is the best fast."

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I said, "I am capable of more than that."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

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"There is nothing better than that."

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And had I accepted the three days that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, suggested,

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It would have been dearer to me than my family and my wealth.

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In another narration: "Was I not informed that you fast during the day and pray during the night?"

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I said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah."

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He said, "Do not do that."

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"Fast and break your fast, sleep and stand in prayer."

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"For your body has a right over you."

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"And your eyes have a right over you."

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"And your wife has a right over you."

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"And your guest has a right over you."

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"It is sufficient for you to fast three days every month."

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"For you will have ten times the reward for every good deed."

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"And that is the fast of a lifetime."

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But he insisted, and it was insisted upon him.

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I said, "O Messenger of Allah,"

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"I find strength."

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He said, "Fast the fast of the Prophet of Allah, Dawud."

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"And do not exceed it."

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I said, "And what was the fast of Dawud?"

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He said, "Half of the lifetime."

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‘Abdullah used to say after he grew old:

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"I wish I had accepted the concession of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."

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In another narration:

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"Was I not informed that you fast for a lifetime,"

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"And recite the Qur'an every night?"

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I said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah."

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"I intended nothing but good by that."

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He said, "Then fast the fast of the Prophet of Allah, Dawud."

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"For he was the most devout of people."

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"And recite the Qur'an every month."

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I said, "O Prophet of Allah,"

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"I am capable of more than that."

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He said, "Then recite it every twenty days."

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I said, "O Prophet of Allah,"

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"I am capable of more than that."

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He said, "Then recite it every ten days."

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I said, "O Prophet of Allah,"

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"I am capable of more than that."

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He said, "Then recite it every seven days and do not exceed that."

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He insisted, and it was insisted upon him.

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to me, "You do not know, perhaps you will live a long life."

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He said: So I ended up at what the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, told me.

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When I grew old, I wished I had accepted the concession of the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

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In another narration: "And your child has a right over you."

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In another narration: "He who fasts forever has not fasted at all" (repeated three times).

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In another narration: "The most beloved fast to Allah the Exalted is the fast of Dawud."

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"And the most beloved prayer to Allah the Exalted is the prayer of Dawud."

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He used to sleep half the night, stand in prayer for a third, and sleep for a sixth.

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And he used to fast one day and break his fast for one day, and he would not flee when he met the enemy.

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In another narration, he said: "My father married me to a woman of noble status."

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He used to check on his daughter-in-law, meaning his son's wife.

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He would ask her about her husband.

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She would say to him, "What an excellent man he is!"

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"He has not shared our bed, nor has he approached us since we came to him."

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When this went on for a long time, he mentioned it to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

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He said, "Bring him to me."

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I met him after that.

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He said, "How do you fast?"

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I said, "Every day."

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He said, "And how do you complete the Qur'an?"

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I said, "Every night."

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And he mentioned something similar to what preceded.

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He used to recite the seventh part he was assigned to some of his family.

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He would review it during the day so it would be easier for him at night.

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And when he wanted to regain his strength,

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He would break his fast for a few days and count them,

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And fast an equal number.

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The dislike of leaving something

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That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had set for him.

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All these narrations are authentic.

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Most of them are in the two Sahihs.

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And a few of them are in one of them.

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"May my father and mother be sacrificed for you":

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Meaning: You are worth more than my father and mother.

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"For your guest" (li-zawrika):

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Meaning: For your visitor.

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"Sufficient for you" (bi-hasbika):

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Meaning: Enough for you.

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"He does not flee when he meets":

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Meaning: He does not run away when he meets the enemy in war.

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Because of the strength of his soul, maintained by what he preserved of it.

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"Married me" (ankahani):

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Meaning: He wedded me.

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"Her husband" (ba‘luha):

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Meaning: Her spouse.

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"He has not shared our bed":

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A metaphor for intimacy and sleeping with her on the bed.

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"He has not approached us" (lam yakshif lana kanafan):

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The "kanaf" is the side.

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Meaning: He has not uncovered our veil.

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She expressed by this his abstention from intercourse.

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And that he did not come near her.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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The permissibility of conveying information for the purpose of reconciliation or seeking a ruling.

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And that is why the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, spoke

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About the statement of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with them both.

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The permissibility of a man saying:

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"May my father and mother be sacrificed for you."

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The scholar or educator should check on

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The conditions of his students and those under his care.

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And guide them to the best path that is beneficial.

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The vastness of Allah the Exalted's mercy toward His servants.

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As He made a good deed worth ten times its reward.

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The permissibility of questioning a scholar or a mufti.

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To clarify a situation that might be hidden from him.

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The most complete and best way

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Is to follow the methodology and practice of the Prophets.

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A Muslim servant should give everyone who has a right their due right.

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For it is part of justice and piety

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Not to withhold the rights of those who are entitled to them.

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A small amount of consistent worship

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Is better than a large amount that is interrupted.

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Excessive rigor in worship and burdening the soul with hardships

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Weakens resolve and exhausts the body.

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So that one flees when meeting the enemy and turns one's back.

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Preparing the soul and body for meeting enemies.

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And not fleeing from the battlefield.

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The permissibility of dividing the recitation, memorization, and study of the Qur'an.

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The youth are stronger in worship than the elderly.

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The intensity of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr's, may Allah be pleased with them both, loyalty.

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To what the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had set for him.

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The prohibition of fasting for a lifetime.

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The Sunnah regarding voluntary fasting

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Is to fast one day and break the fast on another.

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Except for the three days of the full moon.

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They should be consecutive.

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Likewise, the ninth and tenth of Muharram.

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There is no monasticism in Islam.

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It is recommended to use euphemisms.

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When discussing marital matters and issues related to women.

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An explanation of the proper etiquette in expressing complaints.

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Islam is a religion of moderation and ease.

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It seeks to remove hardship and avoid undue burden.

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It is recommended to inquire about one's son's wife and what might be harming her.

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And to encourage what benefits her.

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Choosing a spouse for one's son who possesses religious commitment and noble lineage.

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Reprimanding a child if they fall into error.

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On the authority of Abu Rib'i.

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Handhala Ibn al-Rabi' al-Usaydi, the scribe.

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One of the scribes of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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He said: Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, met me.

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He asked, "How are you, Handhala?"

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I replied, "Handhala has become a hypocrite."

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He said, "Subhan Allah! What are you saying?"

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I said, "We are in the presence of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him."

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He reminds us of Paradise and Hellfire as if we are seeing them with our own eyes.

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But when we leave the presence of the Messenger of Allah,

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We become preoccupied with our spouses, children, and worldly affairs.

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And we forget much."

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Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said,

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"By Allah, we experience the same thing."

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So I and Abu Bakr set off,

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Until we entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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I said, "Handhala has become a hypocrite, O Messenger of Allah."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, asked,

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"And why is that?"

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I said, "O Messenger of Allah, when we are with you,

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You remind us of Hellfire and Paradise,

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As if we are seeing them with our own eyes.

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But when we leave your presence,

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We become preoccupied with our spouses, children, and worldly affairs,

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And we forget much."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said,

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"By Him in whose hand is my soul,

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If you were to remain in the state you are in when you are with me and in remembrance,

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The angels would shake hands with you in your beds and on your paths.

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But, O Handhala,

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There is a time for this and a time for that."

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He said this three times.

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Narrated by Muslim.

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His statement,

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"We become preoccupied,"

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Means we engage with and play with.

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And "worldly affairs,"

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Means livelihoods.

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"Handhala has become a hypocrite,"

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Means he feared hypocrisy for himself.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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The recommendation to inquire about the well-being of one's brothers.

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A servant should monitor his own soul,

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Strive against it, and examine its states.

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It is permissible to say,

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"Subhan Allah,"

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When expressing astonishment at something.

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Encouraging the scholar to soften the hearts of his companions.

00:15:48.940 --> 00:15:52.909
And to remind them of what purifies their souls.

00:15:52.909 --> 00:15:58.049
A scholar should be wise in addressing matters.

00:15:58.049 --> 00:16:02.409
For worldly life distracts the servant from the affairs of the Hereafter.

00:16:02.409 --> 00:16:07.610
If he is swept away by his desires and lusts, he forgets his Hereafter.

00:16:07.610 --> 00:16:11.000
Whoever takes account of his soul will be saved.

00:16:11.000 --> 00:16:15.600
The hearts of the servants change from one state to another.

00:16:15.600 --> 00:16:22.620
A human cannot see the angels in their true form in this world.

00:16:22.620 --> 00:16:25.220
Constancy in remembrance and self-vigilance.

00:16:25.220 --> 00:16:27.460
And not becoming lax in that.

00:16:28.460 --> 00:16:32.100
A wise person should have designated times:

00:16:32.100 --> 00:16:34.940
A time to commune with his Lord,

00:16:34.940 --> 00:16:37.940
A time to hold his soul to account,

00:16:37.940 --> 00:16:41.419
A time to reflect upon the creation of Allah,

00:16:41.419 --> 00:16:46.379
And a time to attend to his personal needs of food and drink.

00:16:46.379 --> 00:16:50.980
Islam is a religion of natural disposition, moderation, and balance.

00:16:50.980 --> 00:16:54.539
It combines the interests of this world and the Hereafter.

00:16:55.139 --> 00:16:58.460
And it balances the demands of the spirit and the body.

00:16:58.460 --> 00:17:03.929
On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

00:17:03.929 --> 00:17:08.170
While the Prophet, peace be upon him, was delivering a sermon,

00:17:08.170 --> 00:17:10.890
He saw a man standing.

00:17:10.890 --> 00:17:12.329
He asked about him,

00:17:12.329 --> 00:17:15.490
And they said, "It is Abu Isra'il."

00:17:15.490 --> 00:17:19.049
He vowed to stand in the sun and not sit down,

00:17:19.049 --> 00:17:22.170
Not to seek shade, and not to speak,

00:17:22.170 --> 00:17:23.569
And to fast.

00:17:24.069 --> 00:17:27.630
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said,

00:17:27.630 --> 00:17:29.630
"Command him to speak,

00:17:29.630 --> 00:17:32.309
To seek shade, to sit down,

00:17:32.309 --> 00:17:34.750
And to complete his fast."

00:17:34.750 --> 00:17:38.390
Narrated by al-Bukhari.

00:17:38.390 --> 00:17:40.900
From the benefits of the hadith:

00:17:40.900 --> 00:17:46.180
A vow of silence is not an act of worship in the Islamic Shari'ah.

00:17:46.180 --> 00:17:50.740
Allah the Exalted does not accept an act that He has not legislated or permitted,

00:17:50.740 --> 00:17:53.410
And which He has not made an act of worship.

00:17:53.450 --> 00:17:57.289
Anything that causes harm to a person, even if only in the end,

00:17:57.289 --> 00:18:01.650
And for which no legislation has come in the Book or the Sunnah,

00:18:01.650 --> 00:18:06.109
Should not be used to draw closer to Allah the Exalted.

00:18:06.109 --> 00:18:08.789
There is no obedience in a vow to commit a sin.

00:18:08.789 --> 00:18:13.150
Whoever does so must not fulfill it.

00:18:13.150 --> 00:18:18.349
That is why the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded Abu Isra'il

00:18:18.349 --> 00:18:21.599
To speak and to seek shade.

00:18:21.599 --> 00:18:26.000
A vow of obedience should be fulfilled and not broken.

00:18:26.000 --> 00:18:31.160
That is why the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded Abu Isra'il

00:18:31.160 --> 00:18:33.640
To complete his fast.

00:18:33.640 --> 00:18:39.130
The permissibility of asking about strange circumstances before condemning them.

00:18:39.130 --> 00:18:43.009
The obligation to change a wrong with one's hand if one is able,

00:18:43.009 --> 00:18:45.779
And if not, then with one's tongue.

00:18:45.779 --> 00:18:50.819
The permissibility of appointing an agent to convey an answer or a command and prohibition.

00:18:50.859 --> 00:18:55.339
For the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded the Companions

00:18:55.339 --> 00:19:02.140
To convey the command of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, to Abu Isra'il.

00:19:02.140 --> 00:19:06.140
Riyad al-Salihin.