WEBVTT

00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.160
In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.050
The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari,

00:00:08.640 --> 00:00:12.740
Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

00:00:13.949 --> 00:00:16.030
Surah al-Baqarah.

00:00:17.789 --> 00:00:22.829
In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

00:00:23.579 --> 00:00:26.579
"They ask you about the new moons..."

00:00:26.579 --> 00:00:31.820
“They ask thee, (O Muhammad), of new moons, say: They are fixed seasons for mankind and for the pilgrimage. It is not righteousness that ye go to houses by the backs thereof (as do the idolaters at certain seasons), but the righteous man is he who wardeth off (evil). So go to houses by the gates thereof, and observe your duty to Allah, that ye may be successful.” (2:189)

00:00:32.020 --> 00:00:38.740
“They ask thee, (O Muhammad), of new moons, say: They are fixed seasons for mankind and for the pilgrimage. It is not righteousness that ye go to houses by the backs thereof (as do the idolaters at certain seasons), but the righteous man is he who wardeth off (evil). So go to houses by the gates thereof, and observe your duty to Allah, that ye may be successful.” (2:189)

00:00:38.740 --> 00:00:42.460
“They ask thee, (O Muhammad), of new moons, say: They are fixed seasons for mankind and for the pilgrimage. It is not righteousness that ye go to houses by the backs thereof (as do the idolaters at certain seasons), but the righteous man is he who wardeth off (evil). So go to houses by the gates thereof, and observe your duty to Allah, that ye may be successful.” (2:189)

00:00:42.460 --> 00:00:46.380
“They ask thee, (O Muhammad), of new moons, say: They are fixed seasons for mankind and for the pilgrimage. It is not righteousness that ye go to houses by the backs thereof (as do the idolaters at certain seasons), but the righteous man is he who wardeth off (evil). So go to houses by the gates thereof, and observe your duty to Allah, that ye may be successful.” (2:189)

00:00:46.380 --> 00:00:50.859
"...and fear Allah that you may succeed."

00:00:51.789 --> 00:00:54.990
They ask you, O Muhammad, about the new moons,

00:00:54.990 --> 00:00:57.310
Their waning, their disappearing at the end of the month,

00:00:57.310 --> 00:01:01.630
Their fullness, their waxing, and their changing phases;

00:01:01.789 --> 00:01:05.390
And what the wisdom is behind making the moon different from the sun,

00:01:05.390 --> 00:01:10.829
Which remains perpetual, in a single state that does not change.

00:01:10.829 --> 00:01:12.829
Say, O Muhammad:

00:01:12.829 --> 00:01:15.549
Your Lord made them different

00:01:15.549 --> 00:01:22.189
So that He might make the crescents a means of marking time for you and for the rest of mankind in their livelihoods,

00:01:22.189 --> 00:01:26.189
By which you monitor the due dates of your debts,

00:01:26.189 --> 00:01:29.870
The expiration of the terms of those you hire,

00:01:30.030 --> 00:01:32.989
The ending of the waiting periods ('iddah) of your women,

00:01:32.989 --> 00:01:36.030
And the times of your fasting and breaking of the fast.

00:01:36.030 --> 00:01:39.310
He also made it a marker of time for your Hajj,

00:01:39.310 --> 00:01:43.390
Through which you know the due time for your rites and pilgrimage.

00:01:43.390 --> 00:01:48.750
Now, whenever they entered the state of ihram, they would not enter their homes through their doors,

00:01:48.750 --> 00:01:51.069
But rather from their backs.

00:01:51.069 --> 00:01:52.670
So Allah revealed:

00:01:52.670 --> 00:01:54.989
"Righteousness, O people, is not

00:01:54.989 --> 00:01:59.549
That you enter homes from their backs while in the state of ihram;

00:01:59.549 --> 00:02:02.189
But righteousness is that of one who fears Allah,"

00:02:02.189 --> 00:02:04.989
Fearing Him and avoiding what He has forbidden,

00:02:04.989 --> 00:02:09.710
And obeying Him by fulfilling the obligatory duties He enjoined upon him.

00:02:09.710 --> 00:02:12.189
And fear Allah, O people,

00:02:12.189 --> 00:02:14.270
Beware of Him and stand in awe of Him,

00:02:14.270 --> 00:02:17.789
By obeying Him in the obligatory duties He commanded you to perform,

00:02:17.789 --> 00:02:20.189
And by abstaining from what He forbade you,

00:02:20.189 --> 00:02:24.110
So that you may succeed and attain what you seek from Him,

00:02:24.110 --> 00:02:29.469
And thereby attain an eternal dwelling in His gardens and everlasting bliss in His bounty.

00:02:30.180 --> 00:02:35.300
“Fight in the way of Allah against those who fight against you, but begin not hostilities. Lo! Allah loveth not aggressors.” (2:190)

00:02:35.300 --> 00:02:37.620
"...and do not transgress..."

00:02:37.620 --> 00:02:43.139
"...indeed, Allah does not like transgressors."

00:02:44.110 --> 00:02:46.430
Fight, O believers,

00:02:46.430 --> 00:02:50.430
In obedience to Me and in defense of the religion I have legislated for you;

00:02:50.430 --> 00:02:53.710
And call to it those who have turned away from it and shown arrogance,

00:02:53.710 --> 00:02:56.430
Until they turn back in penitence to My obedience,

00:02:56.430 --> 00:02:58.909
Or pay the jizya while feeling subdued,

00:02:58.909 --> 00:03:01.229
If they are of the People of the Book.

00:03:01.229 --> 00:03:03.150
Fight, then, the people of disbelief,

00:03:03.150 --> 00:03:05.710
To the exclusion of those who do not engage in fighting,

00:03:05.710 --> 00:03:08.509
Such as their women and their children.

00:03:08.509 --> 00:03:12.349
And do not transgress by killing a child or a woman,

00:03:12.349 --> 00:03:17.150
Nor anyone who pays you the jizya from the People of the Two Books or the Zoroastrians.

00:03:17.150 --> 00:03:21.229
Indeed, Allah does not love those who exceed His bounds,

00:03:21.229 --> 00:03:24.669
Deeming lawful what Allah has forbidden.

00:03:24.669 --> 00:03:27.870
"And kill them wherever you overtake them..."

00:03:27.870 --> 00:03:32.270
“And slay them wherever ye find them, and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out, for persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Inviolable Place of Worship until they first attack you there, but if they attack you (there) then slay them. Such is the reward of disbelievers.” (2:191)

00:03:32.270 --> 00:03:35.710
“And slay them wherever ye find them, and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out, for persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Inviolable Place of Worship until they first attack you there, but if they attack you (there) then slay them. Such is the reward of disbelievers.” (2:191)

00:03:35.710 --> 00:03:40.909
“And slay them wherever ye find them, and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out, for persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Inviolable Place of Worship until they first attack you there, but if they attack you (there) then slay them. Such is the reward of disbelievers.” (2:191)

00:03:40.909 --> 00:03:44.349
"...until they fight you therein."

00:03:44.349 --> 00:03:48.509
"So if they fight you, kill them;"

00:03:48.509 --> 00:03:53.310
"Such is the recompense of the disbelievers."

00:03:53.310 --> 00:04:00.430
“But if they desist, then lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (2:192)

00:04:23.939 --> 00:04:29.379
Do not initiate fighting against the polytheists near the Sacred Mosque, O believers,

00:04:29.379 --> 00:04:31.699
Until they initiate it against you.

00:04:31.699 --> 00:04:34.500
But if they attack you first, then kill them,

00:04:34.500 --> 00:04:38.500
For Allah has made the retribution of the disbelievers for their disbelief

00:04:38.500 --> 00:04:42.980
Death in this world and prolonged disgrace in the Hereafter.

00:04:42.980 --> 00:04:45.860
This was subsequently abrogated by His saying:

00:04:45.860 --> 00:04:49.540
"And fight them until there is no fitnah..."

00:04:49.540 --> 00:04:54.740
But if the disbelievers cease fighting you and disbelieving in Allah, and repent,

00:04:54.740 --> 00:04:58.579
Then indeed, Allah is Forgiving of the sins of those among them who believe,

00:04:58.579 --> 00:05:03.620
Merciful to him in his Hereafter by granting him His reward.

00:05:03.620 --> 00:05:11.300
“And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is for Allah. But if they desist, then let there be no hostility except against wrong-doers.” (2:193)

00:05:11.300 --> 00:05:19.329
“And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is for Allah. But if they desist, then let there be no hostility except against wrong-doers.” (2:193)

00:05:19.410 --> 00:05:26.050
And fight the polytheists who fight you until there is no more polytheism with Allah,

00:05:26.050 --> 00:05:29.250
And worship is dedicated solely to Allah alone.

00:05:29.250 --> 00:05:32.689
But if those who fight you among the disbelievers desist,

00:05:32.689 --> 00:05:34.850
And embrace your religion,

00:05:34.850 --> 00:05:37.490
Then refrain from hostilities against them,

00:05:37.490 --> 00:05:41.730
For there should be no aggression except against the wrongdoers,

00:05:41.730 --> 00:05:44.800
Namely, those who associate partners with Allah.

00:05:44.800 --> 00:05:50.959
"The sacred month is for the sacred month, and for [all] violations is legal retribution."

00:05:50.959 --> 00:05:57.519
“The forbidden month for the forbidden month, and forbidden things in retaliation. And one who attacketh you, attack him in like manner as he attacked you. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is with those who ward off (evil).” (2:194)

00:05:57.519 --> 00:06:05.949
“The forbidden month for the forbidden month, and forbidden things in retaliation. And one who attacketh you, attack him in like manner as he attacked you. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is with those who ward off (evil).” (2:194)

00:06:05.949 --> 00:06:09.069
The sacred month is Dhu al-Qa'dah,

00:06:09.069 --> 00:06:12.509
In which the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:06:12.589 --> 00:06:15.550
Set out to perform the 'Umrah of al-Hudaybiyyah,

00:06:15.550 --> 00:06:19.069
Whereupon the polytheists of Makkah barred him from the House.

00:06:19.069 --> 00:06:22.990
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, concluded a treaty with them

00:06:22.990 --> 00:06:25.870
On the condition that he would return the following year,

00:06:25.870 --> 00:06:29.230
Enter Makkah, and stay for three days.

00:06:29.230 --> 00:06:31.709
When the following year arrived,

00:06:31.709 --> 00:06:35.550
He and his Companions went forth to perform 'Umrah in Dhu al-Qa'dah,

00:06:35.550 --> 00:06:38.509
And the people of Makkah evacuated the town for him,

00:06:38.509 --> 00:06:42.670
Until the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, entered it,

00:06:42.670 --> 00:06:46.189
Accomplished his purpose therein, completed his 'Umrah,

00:06:46.189 --> 00:06:50.029
Stayed for three days, and then departed.

00:06:50.029 --> 00:06:52.670
Thus, the sacred month of Dhu al-Qa'dah,

00:06:52.670 --> 00:06:56.029
In which Allah brought you into His Sanctuary,

00:06:56.029 --> 00:06:59.790
To His House, despite the resentment of the Quraysh polytheists,

00:06:59.790 --> 00:07:04.990
Was in exchange for the sacred month in which the Quraysh polytheists barred you the previous year.

00:07:04.990 --> 00:07:08.430
And your entering the Sanctuary in this state of ihram of yours,

00:07:08.430 --> 00:07:10.910
In this sacred month of yours,

00:07:10.910 --> 00:07:15.389
Is legal retribution for what you were prevented from like it during your past year.

00:07:15.389 --> 00:07:19.069
So whoever transgresses against you in the Sanctuary and fights you,

00:07:19.069 --> 00:07:21.310
Retaliate against him by fighting,

00:07:21.310 --> 00:07:25.709
Commensurate with his transgression against you by fighting you,

00:07:25.709 --> 00:07:29.389
For I have ordained that violations require equal retribution.

00:07:29.389 --> 00:07:31.709
And this verse has been abrogated

00:07:31.709 --> 00:07:34.910
By Allah's permission to His Prophet to fight the people of the Sanctuary,

00:07:34.910 --> 00:07:36.990
Initiating the fight in the Sanctuary,

00:07:36.990 --> 00:07:38.189
And by His saying:

00:07:38.189 --> 00:07:41.389
"And fight the polytheists collectively..."

00:07:41.389 --> 00:07:44.670
And fear Allah, O believers, with regard to His sanctities,

00:07:44.670 --> 00:07:46.670
Lest you violate them

00:07:46.670 --> 00:07:50.990
And exceed what He has demarcated and bounded for you.

00:07:50.990 --> 00:07:54.269
And know that Allah loves those who are mindful of Him,

00:07:54.269 --> 00:07:57.550
Who fear Him by carrying out His obligatory duties

00:07:57.550 --> 00:08:00.350
And avoiding what He has forbidden.

00:08:00.350 --> 00:08:03.870
“Spend your wealth for the cause of Allah, and be not cast by your own hands to ruin; and do good. Lo! Allah loveth the beneficent.” (2:195)

00:08:03.870 --> 00:08:07.709
“Spend your wealth for the cause of Allah, and be not cast by your own hands to ruin; and do good. Lo! Allah loveth the beneficent.” (2:195)

00:08:07.709 --> 00:08:15.019
“Spend your wealth for the cause of Allah, and be not cast by your own hands to ruin; and do good. Lo! Allah loveth the beneficent.” (2:195)

00:08:15.019 --> 00:08:18.939
And spend to uphold and honor the religion I have legislated for you,

00:08:18.939 --> 00:08:21.100
By waging jihad against your enemy.

00:08:21.100 --> 00:08:23.259
And do not abandon spending therein,

00:08:23.259 --> 00:08:26.540
Lest you perish by incurring My punishment.

00:08:26.540 --> 00:08:28.459
And excel in doing good, O believers,

00:08:28.459 --> 00:08:31.980
In performing the obligatory duties I have enjoined upon you,

00:08:31.980 --> 00:08:35.820
For indeed, I love those who excel in that regard.

00:08:35.820 --> 00:08:41.419
"And complete the Hajj and 'Umrah for Allah..."

00:08:41.419 --> 00:08:45.899
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:08:45.899 --> 00:08:48.220
"...and do not shave your heads..."

00:08:48.220 --> 00:08:51.820
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:08:51.820 --> 00:08:56.059
"And whoever among you is ill..."

00:08:56.059 --> 00:08:59.500
"...or has an ailment of the head..."

00:08:59.500 --> 00:09:07.259
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:09:07.259 --> 00:09:13.980
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:09:13.980 --> 00:09:16.779
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:09:16.779 --> 00:09:22.620
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:09:22.620 --> 00:09:25.820
"...and seven when you return."

00:09:25.820 --> 00:09:29.659
"Those are ten complete [days]."

00:09:29.659 --> 00:09:36.220
“Perform the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makka) for Allah. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned; that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

00:09:36.220 --> 00:09:44.860
"And fear Allah, and know that Allah is severe in penalty."

00:09:44.860 --> 00:09:47.500
And complete the Hajj with all its rites,

00:09:47.500 --> 00:09:49.899
And complete the 'Umrah within its proper bounds,

00:09:49.899 --> 00:09:52.379
Once you have entered into both of them.

00:09:52.379 --> 00:09:55.820
But if an obstacle detains you from completing that,

00:09:55.980 --> 00:09:59.340
Due to illness, a fracture, or fear of an enemy,

00:09:59.340 --> 00:10:02.940
Then it is incumbent upon you, if you wish to exit your ihram,

00:10:02.940 --> 00:10:06.299
To offer whatever sacrifice is easily obtainable, which is a sheep.

00:10:06.299 --> 00:10:09.899
And do not exit your state of ihram if you are prevented,

00:10:09.899 --> 00:10:13.899
Until the sacrificial animal reaches the place where the impediment occurred,

00:10:13.899 --> 00:10:19.580
Which is the time it becomes lawful to slaughter or sacrifice it, whether within the Sanctuary or outside it.

00:10:19.580 --> 00:10:23.580
Unless one of you is compelled by necessity to shave it,

00:10:23.580 --> 00:10:29.019
Either due to an illness or an affliction of his head such as lice or the like;

00:10:29.019 --> 00:10:32.620
In that case, he may shave it there out of the necessity that befell him,

00:10:32.620 --> 00:10:35.340
Even if the sacrificial animal has not reached its designated place.

00:10:35.340 --> 00:10:41.440
Consequently, for shaving his head, he incurs an expiation of fasting, charity, or sacrifice.

00:10:41.440 --> 00:10:47.440
Then when you are secure and your fear of your enemy or your illness has departed,

00:10:47.440 --> 00:10:52.799
Whoever performs Tamattu'—having exited his ihram due to being prevented—by performing an 'Umrah,

00:10:52.799 --> 00:10:55.440
Must offer whatever sacrificial animal is easily obtainable.

00:10:55.440 --> 00:11:00.159
But whoever does not find one must fast three days during his Hajj,

00:11:00.159 --> 00:11:03.360
And seven days when he returns to his family.

00:11:03.360 --> 00:11:07.440
Those are ten days that you are obligated to complete in fasting.

00:11:07.440 --> 00:11:10.799
And this Tamattu' of combining 'Umrah with Hajj

00:11:10.799 --> 00:11:15.919
Is for those whose families are not residents of the Sacred Mosque from among those who dwell around it,

00:11:15.919 --> 00:11:21.440
Between whom and it lies a distance short of that which permits shortening the prayers.

00:11:21.519 --> 00:11:23.759
And fear Allah by obeying Him,

00:11:23.759 --> 00:11:26.639
And be certain that He—exalted is His mention—

00:11:26.639 --> 00:11:33.230
Is severe in His retribution toward whoever violates His prohibitions and engages in acts of disobedience to Him.

00:11:33.230 --> 00:11:38.750
"Hajj is [during] well-known months."

00:11:38.750 --> 00:11:42.509
"So whoever has made Hajj obligatory upon himself therein..."

00:11:42.509 --> 00:11:47.629
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:11:47.629 --> 00:11:53.070
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:11:53.070 --> 00:11:58.509
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:11:58.509 --> 00:12:04.129
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:12:04.129 --> 00:12:06.690
The appointed time for your pilgrimage, O people,

00:12:06.690 --> 00:12:08.529
Consists of well-known months,

00:12:08.529 --> 00:12:11.250
Which are two months and part of a third:

00:12:11.250 --> 00:12:13.409
Namely Shawwal, Dhu al-Qa'dah,

00:12:13.409 --> 00:12:15.440
And ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah.

00:12:15.519 --> 00:12:18.480
So whoever obligates Hajj upon himself therein,

00:12:18.480 --> 00:12:22.799
By resolving to perform all that Allah has made obligatory upon the pilgrim,

00:12:22.799 --> 00:12:25.679
And abstaining from what Allah has commanded him to abandon,

00:12:25.679 --> 00:12:28.000
Shall not engage in obscenity around women,

00:12:28.000 --> 00:12:32.399
Neither speaking explicitly to them of intercourse nor having intercourse with them,

00:12:32.399 --> 00:12:36.799
Nor commit wicked transgression by doing what Allah forbade him while in ihram,

00:12:36.799 --> 00:12:40.639
Such as hunting game, cutting hair, trimming nails,

00:12:40.720 --> 00:12:45.919
Or any other act that Allah has forbidden him from doing while in the state of ihram.

00:12:45.919 --> 00:12:49.360
For all dispute concerning the Hajj and its timing has been abolished,

00:12:49.360 --> 00:12:53.600
And its observance and time have been established upon a single unified schedule,

00:12:53.600 --> 00:12:56.960
With agreed-upon rites devoid of disparity,

00:12:56.960 --> 00:12:59.840
Containing neither dispute nor contention.

00:12:59.840 --> 00:13:04.240
Perform, O believers, what I have commanded you during your Hajj,

00:13:04.240 --> 00:13:07.279
That you may thereby merit an abundant reward.

00:13:07.279 --> 00:13:10.000
For whatever good you do,

00:13:10.000 --> 00:13:13.279
I am fully aware of it and keep a complete reckoning of it all,

00:13:13.279 --> 00:13:15.759
So that I may grant you its reward in full.

00:13:15.759 --> 00:13:19.120
And take provisions from your sustenance sufficient to convey you

00:13:19.120 --> 00:13:21.679
To the completion of your rites.

00:13:21.679 --> 00:13:25.039
For there is no piety before Allah in abandoning the taking of provisions

00:13:25.039 --> 00:13:27.039
And begging from people,

00:13:27.039 --> 00:13:30.720
Nor in squandering your provisions and letting them spoil.

00:13:30.720 --> 00:13:33.720
Rather, true piety lies in fearing your Lord,

00:13:33.720 --> 00:13:37.799
By avoiding what He forbade you during your journey for Hajj,

00:13:37.840 --> 00:13:40.200
And performing what He commanded you to do.

00:13:40.200 --> 00:13:42.559
That indeed is the best of provisions,

00:13:42.559 --> 00:13:44.789
So take provision from it.

00:13:44.789 --> 00:13:47.590
And fear Me, O people of intellect and understanding,

00:13:47.590 --> 00:13:49.590
By performing My obligatory duties;

00:13:49.590 --> 00:13:52.389
And fear My punishment by avoiding My prohibitions

00:13:52.389 --> 00:13:54.870
Which I have forbidden to you,

00:13:54.870 --> 00:13:58.259
So that you may thereby be saved from My wrath.

00:13:58.259 --> 00:14:02.379
“It is no sin for you that ye seek the bounty of your Lord (by trading). But, when ye press on in the multitude from 'Arafat, remember Allah by the sacred monument. Remember Him as He hath guided you, although before ye were of those astray.” (2:198)

00:14:02.379 --> 00:14:05.899
"...bounty from your Lord."

00:14:05.899 --> 00:14:10.019
“It is no sin for you that ye seek the bounty of your Lord (by trading). But, when ye press on in the multitude from 'Arafat, remember Allah by the sacred monument. Remember Him as He hath guided you, although before ye were of those astray.” (2:198)

00:14:10.019 --> 00:14:14.940
“It is no sin for you that ye seek the bounty of your Lord (by trading). But, when ye press on in the multitude from 'Arafat, remember Allah by the sacred monument. Remember Him as He hath guided you, although before ye were of those astray.” (2:198)

00:14:14.940 --> 00:14:17.379
"And remember Him, as He has guided you..."

00:14:17.379 --> 00:14:21.820
“It is no sin for you that ye seek the bounty of your Lord (by trading). But, when ye press on in the multitude from 'Arafat, remember Allah by the sacred monument. Remember Him as He hath guided you, although before ye were of those astray.” (2:198)

00:14:21.820 --> 00:14:27.980
"...among the astray."

00:14:27.980 --> 00:14:30.820
There is no blame upon you, O believers,

00:14:30.820 --> 00:14:34.299
In seeking bounty from your Lord.

00:14:34.299 --> 00:14:38.139
So when you depart from 'Arafah toward where you began,

00:14:38.139 --> 00:14:40.659
Remember Allah with prayer and supplication

00:14:40.659 --> 00:14:42.659
At the Sacred Landmark (al-Mash'ar al-Haram),

00:14:42.659 --> 00:14:45.139
Which is the area between the two mountains of Muzdalifah,

00:14:45.139 --> 00:14:48.299
Extending from the mountain passes of 'Arafah to Muhassir.

00:14:48.299 --> 00:14:50.340
And remember Allah, O believers,

00:14:50.340 --> 00:14:52.220
at the Sacred Monument (al-Mash'ar al-Haram),

00:14:52.220 --> 00:14:53.500
by praising Him

00:14:53.500 --> 00:14:55.500
and expressing gratitude for having guided you

00:14:55.500 --> 00:14:59.059
to the ways of Ibrahim, after polytheism and blindness,

00:14:59.059 --> 00:15:01.220
just as He guided you with knowledge,

00:15:01.220 --> 00:15:04.019
until He rescued you from the Fire through it,

00:15:04.019 --> 00:15:07.820
after you had been on the very brink of it,

00:15:07.820 --> 00:15:12.679
whereas before that you were truly among the astray.

00:15:12.679 --> 00:15:17.559
Then depart from where the people depart,

00:15:17.559 --> 00:15:20.200
and ask forgiveness of Allah;

00:15:20.200 --> 00:15:26.279
indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

00:15:26.279 --> 00:15:29.279
Quraysh used not to depart from 'Arafah;

00:15:29.279 --> 00:15:31.759
rather, they would depart only from Muzdalifah,

00:15:31.759 --> 00:15:33.759
which is the Sacred Monument,

00:15:33.759 --> 00:15:36.000
because they considered themselves the people of the Sanctuary.

00:15:36.039 --> 00:15:40.799
So Allah commanded them to depart from wherever the rest of the Arabs departed,

00:15:40.799 --> 00:15:44.799
thus abolishing the innovations that Quraysh had introduced for the people.

00:15:44.799 --> 00:15:48.399
This is an instance of an earlier mention that is intended to come later,

00:15:48.399 --> 00:15:51.360
and a later mention intended to come earlier,

00:15:51.360 --> 00:15:52.960
for the intended meaning is:

00:15:52.960 --> 00:15:55.279
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:15:55.279 --> 00:15:59.320
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:15:59.320 --> 00:16:02.440
“Then hasten onward from the place whence the multitude hasteneth onward, and ask forgiveness of Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (2:199)

00:16:02.480 --> 00:16:06.360
"And ask forgiveness of Allah; indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful."

00:16:06.360 --> 00:16:09.960
“The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage. And whatsoever good ye do Allah knoweth it. So make provision for yourselves (Hereafter); for the best provision is to ward off evil. Therefore keep your duty unto Me, O men of understanding.” (2:197)

00:16:09.960 --> 00:16:11.759
And al-Dahhak said:

00:16:11.759 --> 00:16:15.480
"Then depart, meaning: return back to Mina

00:16:15.480 --> 00:16:20.159
from where My close friend Ibrahim departed at the Sacred Monument,

00:16:20.159 --> 00:16:23.000
and ask Me for forgiveness of your sins,

00:16:23.000 --> 00:16:27.220
for I am Forgiving of them and Merciful toward you."

00:16:27.220 --> 00:16:30.419
And when you have completed your rites,

00:16:30.419 --> 00:16:34.820
“And when ye have completed your devotions, then remember Allah as ye remember your fathers or with a more lively remembrance. But of mankind is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world," and he hath no portion in the Hereafter.” (2:200)

00:16:34.820 --> 00:16:37.259
or with even greater remembrance.

00:16:37.259 --> 00:16:43.220
“And when ye have completed your devotions, then remember Allah as ye remember your fathers or with a more lively remembrance. But of mankind is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world," and he hath no portion in the Hereafter.” (2:200)

00:16:43.220 --> 00:16:48.659
“And when ye have completed your devotions, then remember Allah as ye remember your fathers or with a more lively remembrance. But of mankind is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world," and he hath no portion in the Hereafter.” (2:200)

00:16:48.659 --> 00:16:50.700
So when you have concluded your Hajj,

00:16:50.700 --> 00:16:53.100
and slaughtered your sacrificial offerings,

00:16:53.100 --> 00:16:55.299
remember Allah by proclaiming His greatness (takbir),

00:16:55.299 --> 00:16:57.940
and maintain it just as children maintain

00:16:57.980 --> 00:17:01.139
the frequent remembrance of their fathers,

00:17:01.139 --> 00:17:02.899
through submission to Him,

00:17:02.899 --> 00:17:07.619
and entreating Him earnestly, directing all their needs to Him,

00:17:07.619 --> 00:17:10.019
just as a child entreats his father,

00:17:10.019 --> 00:17:12.420
or a young boy appeals to his mother and father,

00:17:12.420 --> 00:17:14.339
or even more intensely than that,

00:17:14.339 --> 00:17:18.339
since whatever blessing has touched them and their fathers

00:17:18.339 --> 00:17:20.779
is entirely from Him, and He is its true Guardian.

00:17:20.779 --> 00:17:25.140
And do not be like those who traded the Hereafter for the life of this world,

00:17:25.180 --> 00:17:28.660
asking their Lord for nothing but its fleeting pleasures,

00:17:28.660 --> 00:17:31.220
having no share in Allah’s reward,

00:17:31.220 --> 00:17:34.829
nor any portion in His Gardens.

00:17:34.829 --> 00:17:41.829
“And of them (also) is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and guard us from the doom of Fire."” (2:201)

00:17:41.829 --> 00:17:46.269
“And of them (also) is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and guard us from the doom of Fire."” (2:201)

00:17:46.269 --> 00:17:49.269
"and good in the Hereafter,

00:17:49.269 --> 00:17:53.779
and protect us from the punishment of the Fire."

00:17:53.819 --> 00:17:57.700
And among them are those who ask their Lord for goodness in this world,

00:17:57.700 --> 00:18:01.140
consisting of well-being in body, livelihood, and provision,

00:18:01.140 --> 00:18:03.259
as well as beneficial knowledge and righteous worship;

00:18:03.259 --> 00:18:06.660
and they ask their Lord for Paradise in the Hereafter,

00:18:06.660 --> 00:18:11.190
praying, "Avert from us the torment of the Fire."

00:18:11.190 --> 00:18:18.069
"Those will have a share of what they have earned,

00:18:18.069 --> 00:18:23.019
and Allah is swift in reckoning."

00:18:23.059 --> 00:18:25.420
Those who supplicate, saying:

00:18:25.420 --> 00:18:28.220
“And of them (also) is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and guard us from the doom of Fire."” (2:201)

00:18:28.220 --> 00:18:30.339
"and good in the Hereafter,

00:18:30.339 --> 00:18:32.500
and protect us from the punishment of the Fire,"

00:18:32.500 --> 00:18:36.500
will have an abundant share and blessing from their Hajj and rites,

00:18:36.500 --> 00:18:40.539
as well as a generous reward for the deeds they have earned.

00:18:40.539 --> 00:18:44.140
And Allah encompasses the deeds of both groups:

00:18:44.140 --> 00:18:46.980
those whose only petition is:

00:18:46.980 --> 00:18:49.740
"Our Lord, give us in this world,"

00:18:49.740 --> 00:18:51.779
and those whose petition is:

00:18:51.819 --> 00:18:54.500
“And of them (also) is he who saith: "Our Lord! Give unto us in the world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and guard us from the doom of Fire."” (2:201)

00:18:54.500 --> 00:18:56.619
"and good in the Hereafter,

00:18:56.619 --> 00:18:58.940
and protect us from the punishment of the Fire."

00:18:58.940 --> 00:19:01.779
He will swiftly account for them,

00:19:01.779 --> 00:19:04.180
because He enumerates the deeds of His servants

00:19:04.180 --> 00:19:05.900
without the counting of fingers,

00:19:05.900 --> 00:19:08.180
and without hesitation or deliberation,

00:19:08.180 --> 00:19:13.140
unlike the feeble and powerless among creation.

00:19:13.140 --> 00:19:16.180
This is the summary from the Tafsir of al-Tabari.