Summary of the concepts of Ahl al-Sunnah
The role of reason and signs (i.e., miracles) in believing in messengers
Reason's role in believing in messengers is limited to examining their biographies and their excellent worship of their Lord,
and examining the authenticity of the signs and miracles they brought.
As the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
"There was no prophet among the prophets but was given such signs as would make mankind believe through them."
"But what I was given was a revelation which Allah revealed to me."
"So I hope to have the most followers among them on the Day of Resurrection."
Agreed upon.
And based on this, reason's role with the Noble Qur'an concerning belief in messengers
is to ponder it and affirm its accounts of all the messengers,
and all that has been transmitted regarding them,
and to implement what has been transmitted by following them and emulating their guidance.
Therefore, to affirm any messenger or prophet,
it is necessary to combine the examination of their biography with the examination of the miracles and extraordinary events that appear at their hands.
An extraordinary event alone is not sufficient,
as Allah may cause it to appear at the hands of a disbeliever, becoming a trial for him and for those who follow him,
due to their opposition to Allah's law and guidance.
This is as will occur at the hands of the Antichrist (Dajjal) at the end of time, with extraordinary events,
even though "disbeliever" is written between his eyes,
which every believer in Allah will read.
However, when someone at whose hands a sign or miracle appears informs,
from before our Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, that he is a prophet,
along with his excellent biography and worship of Allah,
then he is affirmed as truthful,
and his miracle is evidence of his truthfulness.