1 00:00:00,140 --> 00:00:03,640 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,640 --> 00:00:13,160 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 3 00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:17,859 *The Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah)* 4 00:00:17,859 --> 00:00:23,219 Authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi, 5 00:00:23,219 --> 00:00:28,260 May Allah preserve him. 6 00:00:28,260 --> 00:00:30,760 The size of the Muslim army 7 00:00:30,760 --> 00:00:35,469 that gathered under the command of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 8 00:00:36,469 --> 00:00:40,469 The two Sheikhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] narrated in their *Sahih*s 9 00:00:40,469 --> 00:00:44,469 on the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 10 00:00:44,469 --> 00:00:49,469 "The Muslims with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) were numerous, 11 00:00:49,469 --> 00:00:52,500 and no written register could contain them all." 12 00:00:52,500 --> 00:00:55,500 In another narration in *Sahih Muslim*, 13 00:00:55,500 --> 00:00:58,500 Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 14 00:00:58,500 --> 00:01:01,500 "And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) set out on the expedition 15 00:01:01,500 --> 00:01:03,500 with a vast multitude of people, 16 00:01:03,500 --> 00:01:06,500 exceeding ten thousand, 17 00:01:06,500 --> 00:01:09,700 and no written register could record them all." 18 00:01:09,700 --> 00:01:11,700 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] stated in *Fath al-Bari*: 19 00:01:11,700 --> 00:01:16,700 "Al-Hakim reported in *al-Iklil* from the hadith of Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 20 00:01:16,700 --> 00:01:22,700 'We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the Expedition of Tabuk, 21 00:01:22,700 --> 00:01:25,700 and we numbered more than thirty thousand.'" 22 00:01:25,700 --> 00:01:28,700 Ibn Ishaq affirmed this number with certainty, 23 00:01:28,700 --> 00:01:32,700 and al-Waqidi transmitted it through another connected chain of transmission. 24 00:01:32,700 --> 00:01:39,709 The appointment of Muhammad ibn Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) as deputy: 25 00:01:39,709 --> 00:01:43,000 Ibn Sa'd stated in his *Tabaqat*: 26 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:50,000 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) appointed Muhammad ibn Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) as his deputy over Medina, 27 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:57,109 which is more established in our view than the opinion of those who mentioned someone else." 28 00:01:57,109 --> 00:02:05,109 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) leaving 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) behind in charge of his family: 29 00:02:05,109 --> 00:02:13,250 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) left 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) behind in charge of his household, 30 00:02:13,250 --> 00:02:18,250 so 'Ali ibn Abi Talib did not witness the Expedition of Tabuk. 31 00:02:18,250 --> 00:02:25,439 The two Sheikhs narrated in their *Sahih*s on the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 32 00:02:25,439 --> 00:02:33,439 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) left 'Ali ibn Abi Talib behind during the Expedition of Tabuk, 33 00:02:33,439 --> 00:02:39,840 so 'Ali said, 'O Messenger of Allah, are you leaving me behind among the women and children?' 34 00:02:39,840 --> 00:02:43,840 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied: 35 00:02:43,840 --> 00:02:48,840 'Are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses, 36 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:51,840 except that there will be no prophet after me?'" 37 00:02:51,840 --> 00:02:56,879 In another narration in the *Musnad* of Imam Ahmad with an authentic chain of transmission, 38 00:02:56,879 --> 00:02:59,879 on the authority of Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 39 00:03:00,280 --> 00:03:04,280 "'Ali went out with the Prophet (peace be upon him) 40 00:03:04,280 --> 00:03:07,280 until he reached Thaniyyat al-Wada', 41 00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:11,280 and 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was weeping, saying: 42 00:03:11,280 --> 00:03:14,340 'Are you leaving me behind with those who stay back?' 43 00:03:14,340 --> 00:03:18,340 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 44 00:03:18,340 --> 00:03:23,340 'Are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses, 45 00:03:23,340 --> 00:03:25,560 except regarding prophethood?'" 46 00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:27,560 Imam al-Nawawi said: 47 00:03:27,960 --> 00:03:32,960 "This hadith establishes a virtue for 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), 48 00:03:32,960 --> 00:03:36,960 yet it contains no indication that he was superior to others or even equal to them, 49 00:03:36,960 --> 00:03:40,960 nor does it contain proof of his succeeding the Prophet in leadership afterward; 50 00:03:40,960 --> 00:03:43,960 because the Prophet (peace be upon him) 51 00:03:43,960 --> 00:03:46,960 only said this to 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) 52 00:03:46,960 --> 00:03:50,960 when he appointed him as his deputy over Medina during the Expedition of Tabuk. 53 00:03:50,960 --> 00:03:55,960 This is further supported by the fact that Aaron (peace be upon him), to whom he was compared, 54 00:03:56,360 --> 00:03:59,360 was not a successor after Moses (peace be upon him); 55 00:03:59,360 --> 00:04:03,360 rather, he passed away during the lifetime of Moses (peace be upon him), 56 00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:07,360 approximately forty years before Moses passed away, 57 00:04:07,360 --> 00:04:11,360 according to what is well known among the scholars of historical accounts and chronicles." 58 00:04:11,360 --> 00:04:17,829 The departure of the Messenger (peace be upon him) 59 00:04:17,829 --> 00:04:21,829 and his passing by the dwellings of Thamud: 60 00:04:21,829 --> 00:04:26,240 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) departed 61 00:04:26,240 --> 00:04:30,240 from the Prophetic city of Medina with his mighty army heading toward Tabuk. 62 00:04:30,240 --> 00:04:34,240 On their way, they passed by the dwellings of Thamud, 63 00:04:34,240 --> 00:04:38,240 so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) spurred on his mount 64 00:04:38,240 --> 00:04:42,279 and encamped near the dwellings of Thamud. 65 00:04:42,279 --> 00:04:45,279 The two Sheikhs narrated in their *Sahih*s 66 00:04:45,279 --> 00:04:49,279 on the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: 67 00:04:49,279 --> 00:04:53,279 "When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) passed by al-Hijr, 68 00:04:54,279 --> 00:04:58,279 he said: 'Do not enter the dwellings of those who wronged themselves, 69 00:04:58,279 --> 00:05:01,279 lest there befall you what befell them, 70 00:05:01,279 --> 00:05:04,279 unless you enter weeping.' 71 00:05:04,279 --> 00:05:07,279 Then he covered his head and quickened his pace 72 00:05:07,279 --> 00:05:10,310 until he crossed the valley." 73 00:05:10,310 --> 00:05:13,310 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) also commanded them 74 00:05:13,310 --> 00:05:17,370 not to drink from its wells nor to draw water from them. 75 00:05:17,370 --> 00:05:20,370 For the two Sheikhs narrated in their *Sahih*s 76 00:05:20,370 --> 00:05:24,470 from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: 77 00:05:24,470 --> 00:05:27,470 "When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 78 00:05:27,470 --> 00:05:30,470 encamped at al-Hijr during the Expedition of Tabuk, 79 00:05:30,470 --> 00:05:33,470 he ordered them not to drink from its wells 80 00:05:33,470 --> 00:05:35,470 nor to draw water from them. 81 00:05:35,470 --> 00:05:39,470 They said, 'We have already kneaded dough with its water and drawn from it.' 82 00:05:39,470 --> 00:05:42,470 So he ordered them to throw away that dough 83 00:05:42,470 --> 00:05:45,600 and to pour out that water." 84 00:05:45,600 --> 00:05:48,600 In another narration in the two *Sahih*s, 85 00:05:48,600 --> 00:05:51,600 Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: 86 00:05:51,600 --> 00:05:54,600 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded them 87 00:05:54,600 --> 00:05:57,600 to pour out the water they had drawn 88 00:05:57,600 --> 00:06:00,850 and to feed the dough to the camels." 89 00:06:00,850 --> 00:06:03,850 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said: "Among the rulings is 90 00:06:03,850 --> 00:06:06,850 that the water found in the wells of Thamud 91 00:06:06,850 --> 00:06:09,850 is not permissible to drink, cook with, 92 00:06:09,850 --> 00:06:12,920 knead dough with, or use for ritual purification. 93 00:06:12,920 --> 00:06:15,920 However, it is permissible to water livestock 94 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:18,920 from the well of the she-camel, 95 00:06:18,920 --> 00:06:21,920 which remained well-known and preserved 96 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:24,920 up to the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him); 97 00:06:24,920 --> 00:06:27,920 people continued to recognize it 98 00:06:27,920 --> 00:06:30,920 century after century down to our present time, 99 00:06:30,920 --> 00:06:33,920 so no travelers stop to draw water at any well other than it. 100 00:06:33,920 --> 00:06:36,920 It is well-cased, firmly constructed, 101 00:06:36,920 --> 00:06:39,920 spacious on all sides, 102 00:06:39,920 --> 00:06:42,920 displaying evident signs of antiquity, 103 00:06:42,920 --> 00:06:47,220 and cannot be mistaken for any other." 104 00:06:48,959 --> 00:06:51,959 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) continued 105 00:06:51,959 --> 00:06:54,959 his journey toward Tabuk, 106 00:06:54,959 --> 00:06:57,959 and the people's need for water became severe. 107 00:06:57,959 --> 00:07:00,959 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) raised 108 00:07:00,959 --> 00:07:03,959 his hands toward the sky, 109 00:07:03,959 --> 00:07:07,050 and Allah, Glorified be He, sent down rain upon them. 110 00:07:07,050 --> 00:07:10,050 Ibn Hibban narrated in his *Sahih* 111 00:07:10,050 --> 00:07:13,050 and al-Hakim in his *Mustadrak* with an authentic chain of transmission 112 00:07:13,050 --> 00:07:16,050 on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that: 113 00:07:16,050 --> 00:07:19,050 It was said to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): 114 00:07:19,050 --> 00:07:22,050 "Tell us about the Expedition of Hardship (al-'Usrah)." 115 00:07:22,050 --> 00:07:25,050 He (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 116 00:07:25,050 --> 00:07:28,050 "We set out for Tabuk in intense, scorching heat, 117 00:07:28,050 --> 00:07:31,050 and we halted at a station where we were stricken by such thirst 118 00:07:31,050 --> 00:07:34,050 that we thought our necks 119 00:07:34,050 --> 00:07:37,050 would sever from dehydration. A man 120 00:07:37,050 --> 00:07:40,050 would go out in search of water 121 00:07:40,050 --> 00:07:43,050 and not return until we thought his neck would break, 122 00:07:44,050 --> 00:07:47,050 to the extent that a man would slaughter his camel, 123 00:07:47,050 --> 00:07:50,050 squeeze its entrails, and drink the fluid, 124 00:07:50,050 --> 00:07:53,120 placing the remainder over his liver." 125 00:07:53,120 --> 00:07:56,120 Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 126 00:07:56,120 --> 00:07:59,120 "O Messenger of Allah, Allah has accustomed you 127 00:07:59,120 --> 00:08:02,120 to answered prayers for good, so supplicate for us." 128 00:08:02,120 --> 00:08:05,120 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked: 129 00:08:05,120 --> 00:08:08,120 "Would you like that?" He replied, "Yes." 130 00:08:08,120 --> 00:08:11,120 He said: "So he raised his hands, 131 00:08:12,120 --> 00:08:15,120 and did not lower them until 132 00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:18,120 a cloud overshadowed them and poured down rain, 133 00:08:18,120 --> 00:08:21,120 so they filled all their vessels. 134 00:08:21,120 --> 00:08:24,120 Then we went out to look, 135 00:08:24,120 --> 00:08:27,310 and we found that the rain had not extended beyond the encampment." 136 00:08:27,310 --> 00:08:30,310 Imam Muslim narrated in his *Sahih* 137 00:08:30,310 --> 00:08:33,309 on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 138 00:08:33,309 --> 00:08:36,309 or on the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), 139 00:08:36,309 --> 00:08:39,309 who said: "During the Expedition of Tabuk, 140 00:08:40,309 --> 00:08:43,340 the people said, 'O Messenger of Allah, 141 00:08:43,340 --> 00:08:46,340 if only you would permit us to slaughter our water-carrying camels 142 00:08:46,340 --> 00:08:49,340 so that we may eat and use their fat for oil.' 143 00:08:49,340 --> 00:08:52,340 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 144 00:08:52,340 --> 00:08:54,340 'Do so.' 145 00:08:54,340 --> 00:08:57,340 Then 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: 146 00:08:57,340 --> 00:08:59,340 'O Messenger of Allah, 147 00:08:59,340 --> 00:09:02,340 if you do that, our mounts will become scarce. 148 00:09:02,340 --> 00:09:05,340 Instead, instruct them to bring whatever leftover provisions they have, 149 00:09:05,340 --> 00:09:08,340 and then pray to Allah to bless them over it; 150 00:09:08,340 --> 00:09:11,370 perhaps Allah will bring about blessing through that.' 151 00:09:11,370 --> 00:09:14,370 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 152 00:09:14,370 --> 00:09:16,370 'Yes.' 153 00:09:16,370 --> 00:09:19,370 He called for a leather mat and spread it out, 154 00:09:19,370 --> 00:09:22,370 then asked for the remnants of their provisions. 155 00:09:22,370 --> 00:09:25,370 One man would come with a handful of corn, 156 00:09:25,370 --> 00:09:28,370 another would come with a handful of dates, 157 00:09:28,370 --> 00:09:30,370 and another with a piece of bread, 158 00:09:30,370 --> 00:09:33,370 until there gathered upon the mat 159 00:09:33,370 --> 00:09:35,370 a very small amount. 160 00:09:35,370 --> 00:09:38,370 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) supplicated 161 00:09:38,370 --> 00:09:40,370 over it for blessings, 162 00:09:40,370 --> 00:09:42,370 and then said: 163 00:09:42,370 --> 00:09:44,370 'Fill your vessels.' 164 00:09:44,370 --> 00:09:46,370 So they filled their vessels, 165 00:09:46,370 --> 00:09:49,370 until they had not left in the entire camp 166 00:09:49,370 --> 00:09:51,370 a single container without filling it. 167 00:09:51,370 --> 00:09:53,370 They ate until they were fully satisfied, 168 00:09:53,370 --> 00:09:55,370 and there was still food left over. 169 00:09:55,370 --> 00:09:58,370 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said: 170 00:09:58,370 --> 00:10:01,370 'I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, 171 00:10:01,370 --> 00:10:03,370 and that I am the Messenger of Allah; 172 00:10:03,370 --> 00:10:06,370 no servant meets Allah with these two testimonies, harboring no doubt, 173 00:10:06,370 --> 00:10:08,370 without being admitted to Paradise.'" 174 00:10:08,370 --> 00:10:11,720 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 175 00:10:11,720 --> 00:10:17,720 "From this, the superior virtue of the Companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him), 176 00:10:17,720 --> 00:10:19,720 may Allah be pleased with them, 177 00:10:19,720 --> 00:10:21,720 over the companions of all other prophets becomes manifest 178 00:10:21,720 --> 00:10:25,720 in their patience, steadfastness, and lack of obstinate demands. 179 00:10:25,720 --> 00:10:29,720 Whenever they accompanied him on his travels and military expeditions, 180 00:10:29,720 --> 00:10:31,720 including the year of Tabuk 181 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:35,720 amidst that scorching heat, severe hardship, and exhaustion, 182 00:10:35,720 --> 00:10:37,720 they never demanded miraculous disruptions of natural laws 183 00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:39,720 nor the sudden creation of resources, 184 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:44,720 even though that was easy for the Messenger (peace be upon him). 185 00:10:44,720 --> 00:10:47,759 Rather, only when hunger overwhelmed them 186 00:10:47,759 --> 00:10:50,759 did they ask him to multiply their food; 187 00:10:50,759 --> 00:10:52,759 so they gathered what little was with them, 188 00:10:52,759 --> 00:10:55,759 which amounted to roughly the resting space of a goat, 189 00:10:55,759 --> 00:10:57,759 and he supplicated to Allah over it 190 00:10:57,759 --> 00:11:00,759 and commanded them, so they filled every single container they had. 191 00:11:00,759 --> 00:11:03,759 Likewise, when they were in desperate need of water, 192 00:11:03,759 --> 00:11:05,759 he asked Allah Almighty, 193 00:11:05,759 --> 00:11:08,759 and a cloud came and rained down upon them, 194 00:11:08,759 --> 00:11:11,759 so they drank, watered the camels, 195 00:11:11,759 --> 00:11:13,759 and filled their water skins; 196 00:11:13,759 --> 00:11:17,759 then they looked and saw that it had not passed beyond the camp. 197 00:11:17,759 --> 00:11:20,759 This represents the pinnacle of proper adherence: 198 00:11:20,759 --> 00:11:22,759 submitting to the decree of Allah 199 00:11:22,759 --> 00:11:26,759 by following the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 200 00:11:26,759 --> 00:11:29,169 An abridgment 201 00:11:29,169 --> 00:11:31,169 of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 202 00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:03,000 Please subscribe to the channel.