WEBVTT 00:00:00.140 --> 00:00:03.640 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.640 --> 00:00:13.160 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.160 --> 00:00:17.859 *The Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah)* 00:00:17.859 --> 00:00:23.219 Authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi, 00:00:23.219 --> 00:00:28.260 May Allah preserve him. 00:00:28.260 --> 00:00:30.760 The size of the Muslim army 00:00:30.760 --> 00:00:35.469 that gathered under the command of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 00:00:36.469 --> 00:00:40.469 The two Sheikhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] narrated in their *Sahih*s 00:00:40.469 --> 00:00:44.469 on the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 00:00:44.469 --> 00:00:49.469 "The Muslims with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) were numerous, 00:00:49.469 --> 00:00:52.500 and no written register could contain them all." 00:00:52.500 --> 00:00:55.500 In another narration in *Sahih Muslim*, 00:00:55.500 --> 00:00:58.500 Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 00:00:58.500 --> 00:01:01.500 "And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) set out on the expedition 00:01:01.500 --> 00:01:03.500 with a vast multitude of people, 00:01:03.500 --> 00:01:06.500 exceeding ten thousand, 00:01:06.500 --> 00:01:09.700 and no written register could record them all." 00:01:09.700 --> 00:01:11.700 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] stated in *Fath al-Bari*: 00:01:11.700 --> 00:01:16.700 "Al-Hakim reported in *al-Iklil* from the hadith of Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 00:01:16.700 --> 00:01:22.700 'We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the Expedition of Tabuk, 00:01:22.700 --> 00:01:25.700 and we numbered more than thirty thousand.'" 00:01:25.700 --> 00:01:28.700 Ibn Ishaq affirmed this number with certainty, 00:01:28.700 --> 00:01:32.700 and al-Waqidi transmitted it through another connected chain of transmission. 00:01:32.700 --> 00:01:39.709 The appointment of Muhammad ibn Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) as deputy: 00:01:39.709 --> 00:01:43.000 Ibn Sa'd stated in his *Tabaqat*: 00:01:43.000 --> 00:01:50.000 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) appointed Muhammad ibn Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) as his deputy over Medina, 00:01:50.000 --> 00:01:57.109 which is more established in our view than the opinion of those who mentioned someone else." 00:01:57.109 --> 00:02:05.109 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) leaving 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) behind in charge of his family: 00:02:05.109 --> 00:02:13.250 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) left 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) behind in charge of his household, 00:02:13.250 --> 00:02:18.250 so 'Ali ibn Abi Talib did not witness the Expedition of Tabuk. 00:02:18.250 --> 00:02:25.439 The two Sheikhs narrated in their *Sahih*s on the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 00:02:25.439 --> 00:02:33.439 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) left 'Ali ibn Abi Talib behind during the Expedition of Tabuk, 00:02:33.439 --> 00:02:39.840 so 'Ali said, 'O Messenger of Allah, are you leaving me behind among the women and children?' 00:02:39.840 --> 00:02:43.840 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied: 00:02:43.840 --> 00:02:48.840 'Are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses, 00:02:48.840 --> 00:02:51.840 except that there will be no prophet after me?'" 00:02:51.840 --> 00:02:56.879 In another narration in the *Musnad* of Imam Ahmad with an authentic chain of transmission, 00:02:56.879 --> 00:02:59.879 on the authority of Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:03:00.280 --> 00:03:04.280 "'Ali went out with the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:03:04.280 --> 00:03:07.280 until he reached Thaniyyat al-Wada', 00:03:07.280 --> 00:03:11.280 and 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was weeping, saying: 00:03:11.280 --> 00:03:14.340 'Are you leaving me behind with those who stay back?' 00:03:14.340 --> 00:03:18.340 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:03:18.340 --> 00:03:23.340 'Are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses, 00:03:23.340 --> 00:03:25.560 except regarding prophethood?'" 00:03:25.560 --> 00:03:27.560 Imam al-Nawawi said: 00:03:27.960 --> 00:03:32.960 "This hadith establishes a virtue for 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:03:32.960 --> 00:03:36.960 yet it contains no indication that he was superior to others or even equal to them, 00:03:36.960 --> 00:03:40.960 nor does it contain proof of his succeeding the Prophet in leadership afterward; 00:03:40.960 --> 00:03:43.960 because the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:03:43.960 --> 00:03:46.960 only said this to 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:03:46.960 --> 00:03:50.960 when he appointed him as his deputy over Medina during the Expedition of Tabuk. 00:03:50.960 --> 00:03:55.960 This is further supported by the fact that Aaron (peace be upon him), to whom he was compared, 00:03:56.360 --> 00:03:59.360 was not a successor after Moses (peace be upon him); 00:03:59.360 --> 00:04:03.360 rather, he passed away during the lifetime of Moses (peace be upon him), 00:04:03.360 --> 00:04:07.360 approximately forty years before Moses passed away, 00:04:07.360 --> 00:04:11.360 according to what is well known among the scholars of historical accounts and chronicles." 00:04:11.360 --> 00:04:17.829 The departure of the Messenger (peace be upon him) 00:04:17.829 --> 00:04:21.829 and his passing by the dwellings of Thamud: 00:04:21.829 --> 00:04:26.240 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) departed 00:04:26.240 --> 00:04:30.240 from the Prophetic city of Medina with his mighty army heading toward Tabuk. 00:04:30.240 --> 00:04:34.240 On their way, they passed by the dwellings of Thamud, 00:04:34.240 --> 00:04:38.240 so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) spurred on his mount 00:04:38.240 --> 00:04:42.279 and encamped near the dwellings of Thamud. 00:04:42.279 --> 00:04:45.279 The two Sheikhs narrated in their *Sahih*s 00:04:45.279 --> 00:04:49.279 on the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: 00:04:49.279 --> 00:04:53.279 "When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) passed by al-Hijr, 00:04:54.279 --> 00:04:58.279 he said: 'Do not enter the dwellings of those who wronged themselves, 00:04:58.279 --> 00:05:01.279 lest there befall you what befell them, 00:05:01.279 --> 00:05:04.279 unless you enter weeping.' 00:05:04.279 --> 00:05:07.279 Then he covered his head and quickened his pace 00:05:07.279 --> 00:05:10.310 until he crossed the valley." 00:05:10.310 --> 00:05:13.310 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) also commanded them 00:05:13.310 --> 00:05:17.370 not to drink from its wells nor to draw water from them. 00:05:17.370 --> 00:05:20.370 For the two Sheikhs narrated in their *Sahih*s 00:05:20.370 --> 00:05:24.470 from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: 00:05:24.470 --> 00:05:27.470 "When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:05:27.470 --> 00:05:30.470 encamped at al-Hijr during the Expedition of Tabuk, 00:05:30.470 --> 00:05:33.470 he ordered them not to drink from its wells 00:05:33.470 --> 00:05:35.470 nor to draw water from them. 00:05:35.470 --> 00:05:39.470 They said, 'We have already kneaded dough with its water and drawn from it.' 00:05:39.470 --> 00:05:42.470 So he ordered them to throw away that dough 00:05:42.470 --> 00:05:45.600 and to pour out that water." 00:05:45.600 --> 00:05:48.600 In another narration in the two *Sahih*s, 00:05:48.600 --> 00:05:51.600 Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: 00:05:51.600 --> 00:05:54.600 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded them 00:05:54.600 --> 00:05:57.600 to pour out the water they had drawn 00:05:57.600 --> 00:06:00.850 and to feed the dough to the camels." 00:06:00.850 --> 00:06:03.850 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said: "Among the rulings is 00:06:03.850 --> 00:06:06.850 that the water found in the wells of Thamud 00:06:06.850 --> 00:06:09.850 is not permissible to drink, cook with, 00:06:09.850 --> 00:06:12.920 knead dough with, or use for ritual purification. 00:06:12.920 --> 00:06:15.920 However, it is permissible to water livestock 00:06:15.920 --> 00:06:18.920 from the well of the she-camel, 00:06:18.920 --> 00:06:21.920 which remained well-known and preserved 00:06:21.920 --> 00:06:24.920 up to the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him); 00:06:24.920 --> 00:06:27.920 people continued to recognize it 00:06:27.920 --> 00:06:30.920 century after century down to our present time, 00:06:30.920 --> 00:06:33.920 so no travelers stop to draw water at any well other than it. 00:06:33.920 --> 00:06:36.920 It is well-cased, firmly constructed, 00:06:36.920 --> 00:06:39.920 spacious on all sides, 00:06:39.920 --> 00:06:42.920 displaying evident signs of antiquity, 00:06:42.920 --> 00:06:47.220 and cannot be mistaken for any other." 00:06:48.959 --> 00:06:51.959 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) continued 00:06:51.959 --> 00:06:54.959 his journey toward Tabuk, 00:06:54.959 --> 00:06:57.959 and the people's need for water became severe. 00:06:57.959 --> 00:07:00.959 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) raised 00:07:00.959 --> 00:07:03.959 his hands toward the sky, 00:07:03.959 --> 00:07:07.050 and Allah, Glorified be He, sent down rain upon them. 00:07:07.050 --> 00:07:10.050 Ibn Hibban narrated in his *Sahih* 00:07:10.050 --> 00:07:13.050 and al-Hakim in his *Mustadrak* with an authentic chain of transmission 00:07:13.050 --> 00:07:16.050 on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that: 00:07:16.050 --> 00:07:19.050 It was said to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:07:19.050 --> 00:07:22.050 "Tell us about the Expedition of Hardship (al-'Usrah)." 00:07:22.050 --> 00:07:25.050 He (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 00:07:25.050 --> 00:07:28.050 "We set out for Tabuk in intense, scorching heat, 00:07:28.050 --> 00:07:31.050 and we halted at a station where we were stricken by such thirst 00:07:31.050 --> 00:07:34.050 that we thought our necks 00:07:34.050 --> 00:07:37.050 would sever from dehydration. A man 00:07:37.050 --> 00:07:40.050 would go out in search of water 00:07:40.050 --> 00:07:43.050 and not return until we thought his neck would break, 00:07:44.050 --> 00:07:47.050 to the extent that a man would slaughter his camel, 00:07:47.050 --> 00:07:50.050 squeeze its entrails, and drink the fluid, 00:07:50.050 --> 00:07:53.120 placing the remainder over his liver." 00:07:53.120 --> 00:07:56.120 Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 00:07:56.120 --> 00:07:59.120 "O Messenger of Allah, Allah has accustomed you 00:07:59.120 --> 00:08:02.120 to answered prayers for good, so supplicate for us." 00:08:02.120 --> 00:08:05.120 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked: 00:08:05.120 --> 00:08:08.120 "Would you like that?" He replied, "Yes." 00:08:08.120 --> 00:08:11.120 He said: "So he raised his hands, 00:08:12.120 --> 00:08:15.120 and did not lower them until 00:08:15.120 --> 00:08:18.120 a cloud overshadowed them and poured down rain, 00:08:18.120 --> 00:08:21.120 so they filled all their vessels. 00:08:21.120 --> 00:08:24.120 Then we went out to look, 00:08:24.120 --> 00:08:27.310 and we found that the rain had not extended beyond the encampment." 00:08:27.310 --> 00:08:30.310 Imam Muslim narrated in his *Sahih* 00:08:30.310 --> 00:08:33.309 on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:08:33.309 --> 00:08:36.309 or on the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:08:36.309 --> 00:08:39.309 who said: "During the Expedition of Tabuk, 00:08:40.309 --> 00:08:43.340 the people said, 'O Messenger of Allah, 00:08:43.340 --> 00:08:46.340 if only you would permit us to slaughter our water-carrying camels 00:08:46.340 --> 00:08:49.340 so that we may eat and use their fat for oil.' 00:08:49.340 --> 00:08:52.340 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:08:52.340 --> 00:08:54.340 'Do so.' 00:08:54.340 --> 00:08:57.340 Then 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: 00:08:57.340 --> 00:08:59.340 'O Messenger of Allah, 00:08:59.340 --> 00:09:02.340 if you do that, our mounts will become scarce. 00:09:02.340 --> 00:09:05.340 Instead, instruct them to bring whatever leftover provisions they have, 00:09:05.340 --> 00:09:08.340 and then pray to Allah to bless them over it; 00:09:08.340 --> 00:09:11.370 perhaps Allah will bring about blessing through that.' 00:09:11.370 --> 00:09:14.370 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:09:14.370 --> 00:09:16.370 'Yes.' 00:09:16.370 --> 00:09:19.370 He called for a leather mat and spread it out, 00:09:19.370 --> 00:09:22.370 then asked for the remnants of their provisions. 00:09:22.370 --> 00:09:25.370 One man would come with a handful of corn, 00:09:25.370 --> 00:09:28.370 another would come with a handful of dates, 00:09:28.370 --> 00:09:30.370 and another with a piece of bread, 00:09:30.370 --> 00:09:33.370 until there gathered upon the mat 00:09:33.370 --> 00:09:35.370 a very small amount. 00:09:35.370 --> 00:09:38.370 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) supplicated 00:09:38.370 --> 00:09:40.370 over it for blessings, 00:09:40.370 --> 00:09:42.370 and then said: 00:09:42.370 --> 00:09:44.370 'Fill your vessels.' 00:09:44.370 --> 00:09:46.370 So they filled their vessels, 00:09:46.370 --> 00:09:49.370 until they had not left in the entire camp 00:09:49.370 --> 00:09:51.370 a single container without filling it. 00:09:51.370 --> 00:09:53.370 They ate until they were fully satisfied, 00:09:53.370 --> 00:09:55.370 and there was still food left over. 00:09:55.370 --> 00:09:58.370 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said: 00:09:58.370 --> 00:10:01.370 'I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, 00:10:01.370 --> 00:10:03.370 and that I am the Messenger of Allah; 00:10:03.370 --> 00:10:06.370 no servant meets Allah with these two testimonies, harboring no doubt, 00:10:06.370 --> 00:10:08.370 without being admitted to Paradise.'" 00:10:08.370 --> 00:10:11.720 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 00:10:11.720 --> 00:10:17.720 "From this, the superior virtue of the Companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him), 00:10:17.720 --> 00:10:19.720 may Allah be pleased with them, 00:10:19.720 --> 00:10:21.720 over the companions of all other prophets becomes manifest 00:10:21.720 --> 00:10:25.720 in their patience, steadfastness, and lack of obstinate demands. 00:10:25.720 --> 00:10:29.720 Whenever they accompanied him on his travels and military expeditions, 00:10:29.720 --> 00:10:31.720 including the year of Tabuk 00:10:31.720 --> 00:10:35.720 amidst that scorching heat, severe hardship, and exhaustion, 00:10:35.720 --> 00:10:37.720 they never demanded miraculous disruptions of natural laws 00:10:37.720 --> 00:10:39.720 nor the sudden creation of resources, 00:10:39.720 --> 00:10:44.720 even though that was easy for the Messenger (peace be upon him). 00:10:44.720 --> 00:10:47.759 Rather, only when hunger overwhelmed them 00:10:47.759 --> 00:10:50.759 did they ask him to multiply their food; 00:10:50.759 --> 00:10:52.759 so they gathered what little was with them, 00:10:52.759 --> 00:10:55.759 which amounted to roughly the resting space of a goat, 00:10:55.759 --> 00:10:57.759 and he supplicated to Allah over it 00:10:57.759 --> 00:11:00.759 and commanded them, so they filled every single container they had. 00:11:00.759 --> 00:11:03.759 Likewise, when they were in desperate need of water, 00:11:03.759 --> 00:11:05.759 he asked Allah Almighty, 00:11:05.759 --> 00:11:08.759 and a cloud came and rained down upon them, 00:11:08.759 --> 00:11:11.759 so they drank, watered the camels, 00:11:11.759 --> 00:11:13.759 and filled their water skins; 00:11:13.759 --> 00:11:17.759 then they looked and saw that it had not passed beyond the camp. 00:11:17.759 --> 00:11:20.759 This represents the pinnacle of proper adherence: 00:11:20.759 --> 00:11:22.759 submitting to the decree of Allah 00:11:22.759 --> 00:11:26.759 by following the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:11:26.759 --> 00:11:29.169 An abridgment 00:11:29.169 --> 00:11:31.169 of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:12:01.000 --> 00:12:03.000 Please subscribe to the channel.