Part of Ithaf Al-Barara with biographies of the ten reciters (series completed)
· Lesson 8 of 12
Ithaf Al-Barara with biographies of the ten readers | Episode (6) | Translated by Imam Hamza al-Kufi and narrators Khalaf and Khallad
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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*Ithaf al-Bararah bi-Tarajim al-Qurra' al-'Asharah* (Bestowing Upon the Virtuous the Biographies of the Ten Reciters).
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Biography of Imam Hamzah al-Kufi.
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He is Abu 'Imarah,
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Hamzah Ibn Habib Ibn 'Imarah Ibn Isma'il,
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al-Zayyat, the expert in estate division (al-Faradi),
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al-Kufi, affiliated by clientage to the Taym tribe,
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their freedman.
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He was given the epithet "al-Zayyat" (the oil merchant)
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because he used to import olive oil from Iraq to Hulwan,
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and export cheese and walnuts from Hulwan to Kufa.
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He arrived in Kufa in the year 80 AH,
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he and Abu Hanifah in the very same year.
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He met some of the Companions,
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making him one of the Tabi'un.
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Al-Dhahabi said...
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Sahl Ibn Muhammad al-Taymi said:
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Sulaym told us:
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I heard Hamzah say:
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"I was born in the year 80,
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and I mastered the recitation when I was fifteen years old."
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He learned recitation from Abu Ishaq al-Sabi'i,
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Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn Abi Layla,
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Talhah Ibn Musarrif,
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Ja'far al-Sadiq,
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the son of Muhammad al-Baqir,
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the son of Zayn al-'Abidin,
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the son of al-Husayn,
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the son of 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib.
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Thus, Hamzah's recitation
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traces its chain of transmission back to 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib
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and Ibn Mas'ud,
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from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
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He was the foremost authority of the people
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in recitation in Kufa,
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after 'Asim and al-A'mash.
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He was thoroughly trustworthy, a authoritative reference,
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pleasing, well-versed in the Book of Allah,
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an expert in proper recitation output (*tajwid*), knowledgeable in estate division and Arabic language,
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a memorizer of hadith,
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devout, ascetic,
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obedient and devoted to Allah.
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He had no peer.
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Imam Abu Hanifah said to him:
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"There are two things in which you have excelled us,
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and we will not contest you in them:
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the Qur'an and the laws of estate division (*al-farai'd*)."
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Sufyan al-Thawri said:
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"Hamzah did not recite a single letter
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except based on an established textual tradition (*athar*)."
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His teacher al-A'mash,
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whenever he saw him approaching, would say:
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"Here comes the scholar (*hibr*) of the Qur'an."
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Yahya Ibn Ma'in said:
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I heard Muhammad Ibn Fudayl say:
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"I do not think that Allah Almighty repels afflictions
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from the people of Kufa except through the blessings of Hamzah."
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A vast number of scholars narrated the recitation from him,
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the most famous of whom were:
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Imam al-Kisa'i,
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Sufyan al-Thawri,
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and a group of leading imams.
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The closest of them to him was Sulaym Ibn 'Isa al-Hanafi,
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and from Sulaym, the two transmitters took the recitation:
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Khalaf and Khallad.
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He passed away—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 156 AH
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in Hulwan,
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in a place known as Ba' Yusuf,
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according to the most authentic accounts.
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Biography of Imam Khalaf,
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the first transmitter
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from Imam Hamzah al-Kufi.
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He is Abu Muhammad,
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Khalaf Ibn Hisham Ibn Tha'lab,
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al-Asadi al-Baghdadi, the reciter,
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al-Bazzar.
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He was born in the year 150 AH.
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He memorized the Qur'an when he was ten years old,
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and he began seeking knowledge
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when he was thirteen years old.
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He was a great imam, a scholar,
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trustworthy, an ascetic, and a devout worshiper.
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He recited under Sulaym Ibn 'Isa al-Hanafi,
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who died in the year 188 AH,
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who narrated from Hamzah.
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He also recited under Abu Yusuf al-A'sha,
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Ishaq al-Musayyibi,
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and Yahya Ibn Adam.
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He heard hadiths from Malik, Abu 'Awanah,
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Hammad Ibn Zayd,
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Abu Shihab 'Abd Rabbih
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Ibn Nafi' al-Hannat,
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Abu al-Ahwas, Sharik,
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Hammad Ibn Yahya,
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and others.
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Al-Daraqutni said:
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"He was a devout worshiper and a virtuous man."
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Hamdan Ibn Hanin, the reciter, said:
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I heard Khalaf Ibn Hisham say:
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"A chapter of grammar was obscure to me,
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so I spent eighty thousand dirhams
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until I mastered it."
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Al-Dhahabi said:
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"The Imam, the memorizer, the authoritative authority,
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Shaykh al-Islam."
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Al-Husayn Ibn Fahm said:
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"I have not seen anyone more noble than Khalaf Ibn Hisham.
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He used to start with the people of the Qur'an,
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then give permission to the hadith scholars.
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He used to read to us from the hadith of Abu 'Awanah
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fifty hadiths."
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Ishaq Ibn Ibrahim al-Warraq recited under him,
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as did Ahmad Ibn Yazid al-Hulwani,
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Ahmad Ibn Ibrahim his scribe,
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Muhammad Ibn Yahya
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al-Kisa'i al-Saghir,
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and Idris Ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-Haddad.
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Muslim narrated from him in his *Sahih*,
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as did Abu Dawud in his *Sunan*,
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Ahmad Ibn Hanbal,
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Abu Zur'ah al-Razi,
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Abu Ya'la al-Mawsili,
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Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi,
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and others.
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He passed away—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 229 AH,
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while in hiding from the Jahmiyyah.
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A sample of the recitation of Khalaf
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from Hamzah:
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I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan.
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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“With truth have We sent it down, and with truth hath it descended. And We have sent thee as naught else save a bearer of good tidings and a warner.” (17:105)
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◁ And We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a meesenger of good tidings and a warner. ▷
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◁ And [it is] a Qur'an which We have separated [by intervals] that you might recite it ▷
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“And (it is) a Qur'an that We have divided, that thou mayst recite it unto mankind at intervals, and We have revealed it by (successive) revelation.” (17:106)
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◁ revealing it by degrees. ▷
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◁ Say, "Believe in it or do not believe. ▷
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“Say: Believe therein or believe not, lo! those who were given knowledge before it, when it is read unto them, fall down prostrate on their faces, adoring,” (17:107)
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◁ Indeed, those who were given knowledge before it - when it is recited to them, they fall ▷
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◁ upon their faces in prostration, ▷
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◁ And they say, "Exalted is our Lord! ▷
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“Saying: Glory to our Lord! Verily the promise of our Lord must be fulfilled.” (17:108)
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◁ And they fall upon their faces weeping, ▷
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◁ and the Qur'an increases them in humble submission." ▷
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“Say (unto mankind): Cry unto Allah, or cry unto the Beneficent, unto whichsoever ye cry (it is the same). His are the most beautiful names. And thou (Muhammad), be not loud-voiced in thy worship nor yet silent therein, but follow a way between.” (17:110)
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◁ whichever [name] you call - to Him belong the best names." ▷
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“Say (unto mankind): Cry unto Allah, or cry unto the Beneficent, unto whichsoever ye cry (it is the same). His are the most beautiful names. And thou (Muhammad), be not loud-voiced in thy worship nor yet silent therein, but follow a way between.” (17:110)
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◁ but seek between that a way. ▷
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“And say: Praise be to Allah, Who hath not taken unto Himself a son, and Who hath no partner in the Sovereignty, nor hath He any protecting friend through dependence. And magnify Him with all magnificence.” (17:111)
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◁ and has not had a partner in [His] dominion ▷
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“And say: Praise be to Allah, Who hath not taken unto Himself a son, and Who hath no partner in the Sovereignty, nor hath He any protecting friend through dependence. And magnify Him with all magnificence.” (17:111)
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◁ and glorify Him with [great] glorification. ▷
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He was born in the year 119 AH,
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and it is also said 130 AH.
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Al-Dani said: "He is the most precise and illustrious of Sulaym's companions,
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and Sulaym was the closest, most precise, and most competent of Hamzah's companions in fulfilling the recitations of Hamzah."
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He was an imam in recitation, trustworthy, knowledgeable,
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painstaking, skilled in proper output (*tajwid*), a master scholar,
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precise, and meticulous.
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Muhammad Ibn Shadhan al-Jawhari recited under him,
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as did Muhammad Ibn al-Haytham, the judge of 'Ukbara,
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Muhammad Ibn Yahya al-Khanisi,
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and al-Qasim Ibn Yazid, who was the most distinguished of his students.
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Abu Zur'ah and Abu Hatim narrated from him.
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He passed away—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 220 AH.
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A sample of the recitation of Khallad from Hamzah:
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I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan.
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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◁ ...just as Allah has sent down... ▷
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◁ And if you could but see when the wrongdoers ▷
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“Who is guilty of more wrong than he who forgeth a lie against Allah, or saith: I am inspired, when he is not inspired in aught; and who saith: I will reveal the like of that which Allah hath revealed? If thou couldst see, when the wrong-doers reach the pangs of death and the angels stretch their hands out (saying): Deliver up your souls. This day ye are awarded doom of degradation for that ye spake concerning Allah other than the truth, and used to scorn His portents.” (6:93)
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◁ ...stretching forth their hands... ▷
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◁ ...and the angels stretching forth their hands: ▷
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◁ "Discharge your souls! ▷
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◁ Today you will be awarded the punishment of extreme humiliation... ▷
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“Who is guilty of more wrong than he who forgeth a lie against Allah, or saith: I am inspired, when he is not inspired in aught; and who saith: I will reveal the like of that which Allah hath revealed? If thou couldst see, when the wrong-doers reach the pangs of death and the angels stretch their hands out (saying): Deliver up your souls. This day ye are awarded doom of degradation for that ye spake concerning Allah other than the truth, and used to scorn His portents.” (6:93)
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“Who is guilty of more wrong than he who forgeth a lie against Allah, or saith: I am inspired, when he is not inspired in aught; and who saith: I will reveal the like of that which Allah hath revealed? If thou couldst see, when the wrong-doers reach the pangs of death and the angels stretch their hands out (saying): Deliver up your souls. This day ye are awarded doom of degradation for that ye spake concerning Allah other than the truth, and used to scorn His portents.” (6:93)
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◁ And you have certainly come to Us alone as We created you the first time... ▷
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“Now have ye come unto Us solitary as We did create you at the first, and ye have left behind you all that We bestowed upon you, and We behold not with you those your intercessors, of whom ye claimed that they possessed a share in you. Now is the bond between you severed, and that which ye presumed hath failed you.” (6:94)
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“Now have ye come unto Us solitary as We did create you at the first, and ye have left behind you all that We bestowed upon you, and We behold not with you those your intercessors, of whom ye claimed that they possessed a share in you. Now is the bond between you severed, and that which ye presumed hath failed you.” (6:94)
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“Now have ye come unto Us solitary as We did create you at the first, and ye have left behind you all that We bestowed upon you, and We behold not with you those your intercessors, of whom ye claimed that they possessed a share in you. Now is the bond between you severed, and that which ye presumed hath failed you.” (6:94)
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“Now have ye come unto Us solitary as We did create you at the first, and ye have left behind you all that We bestowed upon you, and We behold not with you those your intercessors, of whom ye claimed that they possessed a share in you. Now is the bond between you severed, and that which ye presumed hath failed you.” (6:94)
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You have honored us with your gathering,
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you have honored us with your visit,
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and you have honored us with your participation in studying the Qur'an,
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and you have honored us with your participation in studying the Qur'an,
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and you have honored us with your participation in studying the Qur'an.