Part of Stories of the Prophets (series completed)
· Lesson 3 of 15
Stories of the Prophets | Episode (3) | The story of Adam and Idris, peace be upon them
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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The Stories of the Prophets.
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The Stories of the Prophets.
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Peace be upon them.
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May the blessings of Allah
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follow them,
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and peace
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upon the best of all creation,
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all of them.
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The resolute ones,
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whose station is exalted,
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and the light
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of those who are guided.
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The story of Adam and Idris,
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peace be upon them.
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds,
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and may the blessings and peace of Allah
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be upon our Prophet Muhammad,
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and upon his family and all his Companions.
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All of them.
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To proceed:
0:46
Adam and Eve descended
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to the earth.
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They departed from Paradise, the abode of permanence,
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to the worldly life,
0:55
the abode of transience.
0:57
They departed from the abode of ease
0:59
to the abode of hardship.
1:01
And from the abode of security
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to the abode of fear.
1:05
Indeed, we belong to Allah,
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and indeed, to Him we shall return.
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Adam and Musa (Moses) argued,
1:12
peace be upon them.
1:14
Musa said,
1:17
"Are you Adam,
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whom Allah created with His own hand,
1:21
into whom He breathed of His spirit,
1:23
for whom He made His angels prostrate,
1:25
and whom He caused to dwell in His Paradise,
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only for you
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to cause people to descend by your sin
1:31
to the earth?"
1:33
Adam replied,
1:35
"Are you Musa,
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whom Allah chose
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for His messages and His speech,
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and to whom He gave the Tablets containing
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the explanation of all things,
1:45
and brought you near in intimate conversation?
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How long did you find that Allah, the Almighty,
1:49
wrote the Torah before
1:51
I was created?"
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Musa said,
1:55
"Forty years."
1:57
Adam said,
1:59
"And Adam disobeyed his Lord,
2:01
and erred."
2:03
He said, "Yes."
2:05
He said,
2:07
"Do you then blame me for doing a deed
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that Allah, the Almighty,
2:11
had written for me to do before
2:13
He created me by forty
2:15
years?" The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said,
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(peace be upon him),
2:19
"So Adam overcame Musa in argument,"
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meaning he defeated him
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with the proof.
2:27
Adam, peace be upon him, lived
2:29
as a noble prophet,
2:31
remembering Allah the Exalted,
2:33
seeking forgiveness, ever-turning,
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repentant,
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establishing the law of Allah the Exalted
2:39
among his offspring,
2:41
commanding them to do good,
2:43
and forbidding them from evil.
2:45
Our mother Eve,
2:47
peace be upon her,
2:49
was the best righteous wife for our father,
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Adam, peace be upon him.
2:53
She helped him in his solitude,
2:55
and comforted him in his loneliness.
2:57
Whenever he approached her,
2:59
she would conceive
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twins: a male
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and a female.
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And so it was every time,
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until she had carried for him
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forty pregnancies.
3:11
It was part of his law and Sunnah
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that he would not marry the male
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to the female from the same pregnancy;
3:17
rather, he would marry the male
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from the first pregnancy
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to the female from another pregnancy,
3:23
and marry the female
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from the first pregnancy
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to the male from another pregnancy.
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Thus, the children intermarried,
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until the descendants of
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Adam, peace be upon him, multiplied,
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and he populated the earth
3:37
until he saw his children,
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his grandchildren, and his great-grandchildren.
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The Qur'an narrates to us
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the story of
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two of the sons of Adam,
3:49
peace be upon him.
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The accounts mention
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that their names were Qabil (Cain) and Habil (Abel),
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and that they differed
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regarding the matter of marriage.
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Both of them wanted to marry
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a specific sister of theirs,
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who was known for her goodness,
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beauty, manners,
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and devotion.
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Adam, peace be upon him, commanded them
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to offer a sacrifice,
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and whoever Allah accepted the sacrifice from
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would marry that
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sister.
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Qabil offered the worst
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of his crops,
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for he was a farmer and tiller of the land,
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while Habil offered a ram
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from the best of what he had,
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for he was
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a shepherd.
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Allah accepted the sacrifice of Habil,
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and did not accept the sacrifice of
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his brother Qabil.
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Qabil's heart was filled
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with envy, and he threatened
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his brother with death.
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Habil was stronger than him
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in physical power,
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but fear prevented him
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from killing his brother.
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So he said to him,
4:55
"O my brother,
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Allah only accepts
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from the righteous."
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Then he reminded him of Allah,
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saying,
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"If you stretch out your hand
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to kill me,
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I shall not stretch out my hand
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to kill you,
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for I fear Allah,
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the Lord of the worlds.
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And if you carry out your intent,
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you will return with my sin and your sin,
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and you will be among the people of
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the Fire, the abode of the wrongdoers."
5:25
But Qabil did not accept
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the advice,
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and he dared
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to kill his brother Habil,
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thereby suffering a manifest
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loss.
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Qabil remained bewildered,
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not knowing what to do with the corpse of his brother
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lying before him,
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for this was the first crime
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of murder on earth.
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So Allah sent a crow
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scratching in the earth
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to bury another dead
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crow.
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The crow dug a hole,
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threw the dead crow into it,
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and then covered it
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with dirt.
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Qabil looked at the action of
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the crow,
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as if it were a teacher instructing him
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a lesson in life.
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He said,
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"Woe to me!
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Am I unable to be like this crow
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and cover the body of my brother?"
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So he stood up and dug a hole
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in the earth,
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and then buried his brother in it.
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He returned from this
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crime
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bearing the burden of every murder
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that occurs on earth
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unjustly until the Day of Resurrection.
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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said,
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"There is no soul
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that is killed unjustly,
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but that the son of Adam
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bears a share of its blood, for he was the first to establish murder."
6:51
Agreed upon. Allah the Exalted says:
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“But recite unto them with truth the tale of the two sons of Adam, how they offered each a sacrifice, and it was accepted from the one of them and it was not accepted from the other. (The one) said: I will surely kill thee. (The other) answered: Allah accepteth only from those who ward off (evil).” (5:27)
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“But recite unto them with truth the tale of the two sons of Adam, how they offered each a sacrifice, and it was accepted from the one of them and it was not accepted from the other. (The one) said: I will surely kill thee. (The other) answered: Allah accepteth only from those who ward off (evil).” (5:27)
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And it was not accepted from the other, who said, "I will surely kill you."
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“But recite unto them with truth the tale of the two sons of Adam, how they offered each a sacrifice, and it was accepted from the one of them and it was not accepted from the other. (The one) said: I will surely kill thee. (The other) answered: Allah accepteth only from those who ward off (evil).” (5:27)
7:21
"If you stretch your hand toward me to kill me, I shall not stretch my hand toward you to kill you."
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"Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds."
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“Lo! I would rather thou shouldst bear the punishment of the sin against me and thine own sin and become one of the owners of the fire. That is the reward of evil-doers.” (5:29)
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And that is the recompense of the wrongdoers.
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“But (the other's) mind imposed on him the killing of his brother, so he slew him and became one of the losers.” (5:30)
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“Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground, to show him how to hide his brother's naked corpse. He said: Woe unto me! Am I not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse? And he became repentant.” (5:31)
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“Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground, to show him how to hide his brother's naked corpse. He said: Woe unto me! Am I not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse? And he became repentant.” (5:31)
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So he became of the regretful.
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Among the children of Adam, peace be upon him, was Seth.
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It is said that Allah granted him to them after the killing of Abel.
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Seth followed the path of his father, Adam, peace be upon him, in righteousness and piety.
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And in worship, remembrance, and obedience.
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Then he was made a prophet after the death of his father.
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He used to exhort the people and remind them of Allah.
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When the term of Adam approached and the Angel of Death came to him,
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Adam, peace be upon him, disputed with him,
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arguing that some of his term still remained.
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That was a lapse of memory on his part, peace be upon him.
9:13
The account of this is that when Allah the Almighty created Adam,
9:18
He wiped his back,
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and there fell from his back every soul
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that He would create from his progeny until the Day of Resurrection.
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They were like tiny particles.
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And He placed between the eyes of every man among them a glimmer of light.
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Then He presented them to Adam.
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Adam asked,
9:39
"My Lord, who are these?"
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He said,
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"These are your progeny."
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Adam, peace be upon him, saw a man among them,
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and he was impressed by the glimmer between his eyes.
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He said,
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"My Lord, who is this?"
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He said,
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"This is a man from the last of the nations of your progeny,
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called David."
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He said,
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"My Lord, how much have You set for his lifespan?"
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He said,
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"Sixty years."
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He said,
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"My Lord,
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add to him forty years from my own life."
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When the lifespan of Adam, peace be upon him, came to an end,
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the Angel of Death came to him.
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Adam said to him,
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"Has forty years of my life not remained?"
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The Angel said,
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"Did you not give them to your son, David?"
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Our Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Adam denied,
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so his progeny denied;
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Adam forgot,
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so his progeny forgot;
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Adam erred,
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so his progeny erred."
10:52
The passing of our father Adam, peace be upon him, was on a Friday.
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At his death,
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Allah sent him a shroud and embalming scent from Paradise.
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His son Seth, peace be upon him, prayed the funeral prayer over him.
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His washing, shrouding, and burial
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were performed in a manner similar to what Allah legislated for the nations of humanity after him.
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It is said
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that Adam, peace be upon him, was buried in Mount Abu Qubays in Makkah,
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or near the Kaaba.
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It is also said that he was buried in the Levant.
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Then our mother Eve passed away one year after him,
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and she was buried with our father Adam, peace be upon him, near his grave.
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And Allah knows best.
11:41
After the death of our father Adam, peace be upon him,
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his progeny spread throughout the earth.
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Some of them inhabited the mountains,
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and some inhabited the plains and the seashores.
11:55
Immorality and sins spread among them,
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as well as distance from Allah the Almighty.
12:01
So they were in need of a prophet to renew the affairs of their religion for them.
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Allah the Almighty revealed to Idris, peace be upon him,
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to be a prophet who would renew the affairs of religion for the people.
12:15
Idris is the fifth grandson of Adam, peace be upon him,
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and he reached him in his lifetime and lived with him.
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It is described that he was of perfect stature,
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handsome of face, with a thick beard,
12:32
broad-shouldered,
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large-boned, and lean.
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He had bright, kohl-rimmed eyes.
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He was deliberate in his speech and often silent,
12:44
and calm in his demeanor.
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When he walked, he looked mostly toward the ground.
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He was serious,
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and if he became angry, he would become intense.
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He would move his index finger when he spoke.
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He held a high status
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with Allah the Almighty and with His creation.
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He was named Idris
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because of his frequent study of the scriptures and his devotion to them.
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In his time, knowledge and civilization spread,
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cities were built, and life flourished.
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Idris, peace be upon him,
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was the first to write with a pen,
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the first to teach people writing,
13:28
and the first to study astronomy and mathematics.
13:32
He spread his knowledge among the people,
13:35
and for that, there was raised for him every day
13:38
the equivalent of the deeds of all the children of Adam in his time.
13:42
Because, as it came in the hadith:
13:45
"Whoever guides to a good deed,
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he shall have the like of the reward of the one who does it."
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He was also the first to sew and wear clothes,
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for before that, they used to wear skins.
13:58
He was the first to take up weapons,
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and he began the struggle (jihad),
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and fought the corruptors on earth.
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Idris held a high status
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with Allah the Almighty,
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for He sent down upon him thirty scrolls.
14:15
In his time, there were seventy-two
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languages that people spoke,
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and Allah taught him all of their dialects.
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So Idris, peace be upon him,
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would address each group among them in their own tongue.
14:30
Allah the Almighty said:
14:32
“And make mention in the Scripture of Idris. Lo! he was a saint, a prophet;” (19:56)
14:37
"Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet.
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And We raised him to a high station."
14:48
Allah the Almighty described him in the Qur'an
14:51
as righteous and patient,
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saying:
14:56
"And Ishmael and Idris and Dhu al-Kifl;
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all were of the patient.
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And We admitted them into Our mercy;
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indeed, they were of the righteous."
15:13
The high station of Idris, peace be upon him,
15:17
is spiritual in the hearts of humanity
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until the Day of Resurrection,
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and physical,
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as Allah the Almighty raised him
15:25
to the fourth heaven.
15:27
In the authentic hadith,
15:29
the Prophet, peace be upon him,
15:32
met Idris in the fourth heaven
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on the night of the Isra and Mi'raj.
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Idris, peace be upon him, lived
15:41
among his people as a caller and a teacher.
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Allah had revealed to him:
15:47
"I am raising for you every day
15:49
the equivalent of the deeds of all the children of Adam."
15:52
So Idris, peace be upon him, desired
15:54
that his term be extended so that his deeds might increase.
15:58
A friend of his from among the angels came to him,
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and Idris said to him,
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"Allah has revealed to me such and such,
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so speak to the Angel of Death for me
16:10
that he might delay my term,
16:12
so that I may increase in deeds."
16:15
The angel carried him between his wings,
16:17
then ascended with him to the heaven.
16:20
When he was in the fourth heaven,
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the Angel of Death met them descending.
16:26
The angel spoke to him about what he had come for
16:29
regarding Idris, peace be upon him.
16:31
The Angel of Death asked,
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"And where is Idris?"
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He said,
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"He is here, working."
16:39
He asked,
16:42
"Where?"
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He said, "He is here on my back."
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The Angel of Death said,
16:48
"How strange!
16:50
I was sent to take the soul of Idris
16:52
in the fourth heaven.
16:54
I kept saying,
16:56
'How can I take his soul in the fourth heaven
16:59
while he is on earth?'"
17:01
Then he took his soul there.
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That is the meaning of His saying, the Blessed and Exalted:
17:07
"And We raised him to a high station."
17:11
Honorable brothers,
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Allah distinguished our father Adam, peace be upon him,
17:18
with four characteristics:
17:20
He created him with His own hand,
17:22
“Then He fashioned him and breathed into him of His Spirit; and appointed for you hearing and sight and hearts. Small thanks give ye!” (32:9)
17:24
He made His angels prostrate to him,
17:27
and He taught him the names of all things.
17:30
Allah the Almighty mentioned Adam in the Qur'an
17:33
twenty-five times,
17:35
and mentioned his story in detail
17:38
in more than one place.
17:40
Allah mentioned Idris, peace be upon him,
17:43
in the Qur'an twice.
17:45
That is only so that we may take from their accounts
17:48
a lesson and an admonition,
17:50
and draw inspiration from the lessons and examples,
17:53
the most important of which is:
17:55
First, it became clear to us through the story of Adam,
18:00
peace be upon him,
18:01
the extent of human weakness,
18:03
and that this creature
18:05
is unjust to himself and ignorant
18:07
of what is in his own best interest,
18:09
as Allah the Almighty said:
18:11
"But man [undertook to] bear it;
18:14
“Lo! We offered the trust unto the heavens and the earth and the hills, but they shrank from bearing it and were afraid of it. And man assumed it. Lo! he hath proved a tyrant and a fool.” (33:72)
18:19
Second,
18:20
An explanation of the extent of the mercy of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He.
18:24
For when Adam, peace be upon him, repented,
18:27
Allah accepted his repentance.
18:29
Thus, when a person’s foot slips,
18:32
He has no refuge but his Lord, Blessed and Exalted is He.
18:36
And there is nothing more beautiful than the words of the repentant,
18:39
As Allah taught us to say:
18:42
"Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves."
18:45
“They said: Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us, surely we are of the lost!” (7:23)
18:48
"We will surely be among the losers."
18:51
Third:
18:52
The virtue of knowledge.
18:54
For the angels did not recognize the superiority of Adam over them
18:57
Except through knowledge.
18:59
And likewise,
19:00
The beautiful etiquette of the angels
19:02
With Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He,
19:04
When they said:
19:06
“They said: Be glorified! We have no knowledge saving that which Thou hast taught us. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Knower, the Wise.” (2:32)
19:09
“They said: Be glorified! We have no knowledge saving that which Thou hast taught us. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Knower, the Wise.” (2:32)
19:12
Fourth:
19:15
Envy, arrogance, and greed
19:17
Are among the most dangerous traits for the servant.
19:20
For the arrogance of Iblis and his envy of Adam
19:23
Led him to the state you see.
19:26
And the greed of Adam and his wife
19:28
Compelled them to eat from the tree.
19:31
And had it not been for the mercy of Allah upon them,
19:34
It would have led them to destruction.
19:38
Fifth:
19:39
Caution against the accursed Satan,
19:42
Because he swore, saying:
19:44
"By Your might, I will surely mislead them all."
19:48
And Allah, the Exalted, has informed us
19:50
That he is an enemy to us.
19:53
Therefore, the servant must be on guard against this enemy.
19:58
Sixth:
20:00
The scholars have mentioned
20:01
That the first sin by which Allah was disobeyed was envy.
20:05
This is because Allah, the Exalted,
20:07
When He commanded the angels to prostrate to Adam,
20:10
They all complied with the divine command,
20:14
While Iblis refused to prostrate to him out of envy.
20:18
So Allah, the Exalted, cast him out and distanced him.
20:21
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
20:24
"When the son of Adam recites a verse of prostration and prostrates,
20:28
Satan withdraws, weeping,
20:31
Saying:
20:32
'Woe unto me!
20:33
The son of Adam was commanded to prostrate and he did,
20:36
So for him is Paradise.
20:38
I was commanded to prostrate and I refused,
20:41
So for me is the Fire.'"
20:45
Seventh:
20:46
A Muslim must not take sins lightly.
20:50
Let him remember
20:51
That a single sin was the cause of Adam’s exit from Paradise.
20:58
The poet said:
21:00
"You pile sins upon sins and hope
21:03
To attain Paradise and the success of the devout,
21:07
While forgetting that Allah cast Adam out of it to the world for a single sin."
21:14
Eighth:
21:16
Idris, peace be upon him,
21:18
Was keen on knowledge and spreading it among the people.
21:22
He spent his life calling people to Allah, the Exalted.
21:26
So Allah recorded for him the reward of everyone who lived in his time.
21:30
For whoever calls to guidance
21:33
Shall have a reward like that of those who follow it.
21:36
In this is a lesson for those who call to Allah.
21:39
Ninth:
21:41
When the son of Adam killed his brother,
21:43
And did not know how to hide his brother's corpse,
21:46
And because this act was hateful to Allah, the Exalted,
21:50
Allah sent a crow to him—
21:53
The most hateful of creatures,
21:55
And one of the transgressors—
21:57
To teach him how to hide the corpse of his brother.
22:01
Tenth:
22:03
The human susceptibility to falling into error,
22:07
For this is part of his nature.
22:09
Every son of Adam is a sinner,
22:11
And the best of sinners are those who repent.
22:15
The hadith has a remainder, if Allah wills.
22:19
And Allah knows best.
22:21
And praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.
22:24
May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our Prophet Muhammad,
22:28
And upon all his family and companions.
22:32
You have been listening to the Stories of the Prophets.