Part of Ramadan events and lessons (series completed)
· Lesson 7 of 31
Ramadan events and lessons | Episode (7) | The marriage of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, to the Mother of the Believers, Zainab bint Khuzaymah
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Transcript
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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A Abridgment of the Book *Ramadan: Events and Lessons*.
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The marriage of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to the Mother of the Believers, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her).
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The time: In the month of Ramadan, in the third year of the Hijrah.
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Marriage is a law among the universal laws governing living beings,
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for through it they endure, multiply, grow, and live.
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It serves many noble objectives
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through which life stability and sexual purity are achieved,
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along with individual, familial, and societal happiness.
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It is a Sunnah among the sunnahs of the messengers,
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who are the role models for all creation.
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Allah said regarding them:
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“And verily We sent messengers (to mankind) before thee, and We appointed for them wives and offspring, and it was not (given) to any messenger that he should bring a portent save by Allah's leave. For everything there is a time prescribed.” (13:38)
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Indeed, the prophets and messengers (peace be upon them) married,
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and they encouraged this practical Sunnah of life.
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Among those messengers was our Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
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Allah Almighty made him an excellent role model
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in this path through both his actions and his speech.
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Allah Almighty legislated for a Muslim man to marry up to four women.
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He, Almighty, said:
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"And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you from among women—two, three, or four."
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“And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3)
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"That is more suitable that you may not incline to injustice."
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And Allah Almighty permitted His Messenger to exceed that limit
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for noble purposes and wisdoms, some of which will be mentioned.
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Thus he was an example for others in multiplying wives,
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as a means of expanding the Ummah
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and bringing forth additional servants of Allah Almighty.
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Sa'id ibn Jubayr said:
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Ibn 'Abbas said to me,
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"Have you married?"
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I replied, "No."
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He said, "Then marry,
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for the best of this Ummah are those with the most wives."
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And when three individuals came asking about the secret worship of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),
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one of them mentioned his total abstention from women.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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"By Allah, I am the most fearful of Allah among you and the most conscious of Him,
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yet I fast and break my fast, I pray and I sleep, and I marry women.
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Whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not of me."
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And the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
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"Marry the loving and fertile woman,
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for I will outnumber the nations through you."
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For this reason, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married,
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taking a number of wives during the Medinan period.
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Allah Almighty chose for His Prophet the purest, most wholesome, and most virtuous of women,
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making them his wives in this world and the Hereafter,
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as an honor from Allah to His Messenger and to them as well.
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Therefore, He ordained specific rulings based on this matter, including:
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designated them as mothers to the believers in terms of righteousness and reverence,
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and prohibiting marriage to them after the Messenger of Allah, both during his lifetime and after his death.
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He Almighty said:
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“The Prophet is closer to the believers than their selves, and his wives are (as) their mothers. And the owners of kinship are closer one to another in the ordinance of Allah than (other) believers and the fugitives (who fled from Mecca), except that ye should do kindness to your friends. This is written in the Book (of nature).” (33:6)
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"And his wives are their mothers."
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And He Almighty said:
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“O Ye who believe! Enter not the dwellings of the Prophet for a meal without waiting for the proper time, unless permission be granted you. But if ye are invited, enter, and, when your meal is ended, then disperse. Linger not for conversation. Lo! that would cause annoyance to the Prophet, and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of the truth. And when ye ask of them (the wives of the Prophet) anything, ask it of them from behind a curtain. That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not for you to cause annoyance to the messenger of Allah, nor that ye should ever marry his wives after him. Lo! that in Allah's sight would be an enormity.” (33:53)
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“O Ye who believe! Enter not the dwellings of the Prophet for a meal without waiting for the proper time, unless permission be granted you. But if ye are invited, enter, and, when your meal is ended, then disperse. Linger not for conversation. Lo! that would cause annoyance to the Prophet, and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of the truth. And when ye ask of them (the wives of the Prophet) anything, ask it of them from behind a curtain. That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not for you to cause annoyance to the messenger of Allah, nor that ye should ever marry his wives after him. Lo! that in Allah's sight would be an enormity.” (33:53)
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The wives of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) were
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the ultimate role models for righteous believing women,
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who prioritized the Hereafter over the world.
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Demonstrating this is the fact that
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when the verse of choice was revealed in Surah Al-Ahzab,
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they chose Allah, His Messenger, and the Abode of the Hereafter,
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remaining patient through the poverty of worldly circumstances.
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Narrated 'A'ishah, the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):
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When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was commanded to give his wives the choice,
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he began with me, saying:
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"I am going to mention a matter to you,
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and you need not make a hasty decision until you consult your parents."
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She said:
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He knew that my parents would never command me to separate from him.
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She said:
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Then he said:
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"Indeed, Allah—glorious is His praise—has said..."
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“O Prophet! Say unto thy wives: If ye desire the world's life and its adornment, come! I will content you and will release you with a fair release.” (33:28)
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“O Prophet! Say unto thy wives: If ye desire the world's life and its adornment, come! I will content you and will release you with a fair release.” (33:28)
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“But if ye desire Allah and His messenger and the abode of the Hereafter, then lo! Allah hath prepared for the good among you an immense reward.” (33:29)
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She said:
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So I said:
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"Regarding what should I consult my parents?
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Indeed, I desire Allah, His Messenger, and the Abode of the Hereafter."
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She said:
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Then the rest of the Prophet's wives did just as I had done.
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The Mother of the Believers,
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Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her):
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Among those pure wives was
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the Mother of the Believers, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her).
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She was Zaynab bint Khuzaymah ibn 'Abdullah
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ibn 'Umar ibn 'Abd Manaf
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ibn Hilal ibn 'Amir ibn Sa'sa'ah Al-Hilaliyyah,
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the Mother of the Believers and wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
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She used to be called "the Mother of the Poor" (*Umm Al-Masakin*),
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because she would feed them and give them charity.
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She was previously married to 'Abdullah ibn Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with him),
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who was martyred at Uhud,
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whereupon the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her.
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It is also said
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that she was married to Al-Tufayl ibn Al-Harith ibn Al-Muttalib,
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and then his brother 'Ubaydah ibn Al-Harith succeeded him as her husband.
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She was the maternal sister of Maymunah bint Al-Harith.
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The Prophet's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) consummation of marriage with her
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occurred after his consummation with Hafsah bint 'Umar.
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She remained with him for only two or three months before passing away.
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Ibn Al-Kalbi stated:
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She was married to Al-Tufayl ibn Al-Harith, who divorced her,
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after which his brother succeeded him as her husband until he was killed at Badr.
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) proposed to her directly,
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and she entrusted her affair to him.
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He married her in the month of Ramadan in the third year,
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and she stayed with him for eight months,
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passing away in Rabi' Al-Thani of the fourth year.
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Al-Waqidi mentioned that her age was thirty years.
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The Mothers of the Believers,
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the dates of the Messenger of Allah's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) marriages to them,
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and the years of their deaths:
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The total number of women with whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) contracted marriage was
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thirteen women.
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Among them were nine whom he left behind as widows upon his death,
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while two passed away during his lifetime:
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one was Khadijah,
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and the other was the Mother of the Poor, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah;
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and two with whom he did not consummate the marriage.
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Here are their names:
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First: Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her).
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her
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when he was twenty-five years old,
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and the date of her death has been mentioned previously.
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Second: Sawdah bint Zam'ah.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her in Shawwal
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in the tenth year of Prophethood,
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about a month after the death of Khadijah.
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She passed away in Medina in Shawwal,
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in the fifty-fourth year of the Hijrah.
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Third: 'A'ishah bint Abi Bakr Al-Siddiq.
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He married her in Shawwal
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in the eleventh year of Prophethood,
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one year after his marriage to Sawdah,
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and two years and five months before the Hijrah.
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She passed away on the seventeenth of Ramadan
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in the fifty-seventh year of the Hijrah,
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or fifty-eighth year of the Hijrah.
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Fourth: Hafsah bint 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her in Sha'ban
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in the third year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in Sha'ban in the forty-fifth year of the Hijrah.
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Fifth: Zaynab bint Khuzaymah, who was mentioned previously.
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Sixth: Umm Salamah,
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Hind bint Abi Umayyah.
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She was married to Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him).
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her
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when a few nights remained of Shawwal
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in the fourth year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in the fifty-ninth year of the Hijrah,
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and it is also said in sixty-two AH.
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Seventh: Zaynab bint Jahsh ibn Rabab
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from Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah.
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She was the paternal cousin of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) married her in Dhu Al-Qa'dah
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in the fifth year of the Hijrah,
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and it is also said in the fourth year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in the twentieth year of the Hijrah.
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Eighth: Juwayriyah bint Al-Harith,
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the chief of Banu Al-Mustaliq from Khuza'ah.
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She was among the captives of Banu Al-Mustaliq,
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falling into the share of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas.
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She wrote a contract of manumission (*mukatabah*),
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so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) settled her contract price
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and married her in Sha'ban in the sixth year of the Hijrah,
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and it is also said in the fifth year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in Rabi' Al-Awwal
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in the fifty-sixth year of the Hijrah,
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and it is also said in fifty-five AH.
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Ninth: Umm Habibah,
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Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her
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in the seventh year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in the forty-second year of the Hijrah,
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or forty-four AH,
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or fifty AH.
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Tenth: Safiyyah bint Huyayy ibn Akhtab,
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chief of Banu Al-Nadir from the Israelites.
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She was among the captives of Khaybar,
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so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) selected her for himself.
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He offered Islam to her, and she accepted Islam;
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he then set her free and married her after the conquest of Khaybar
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in the seventh year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in the fiftieth year of the Hijrah,
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and it is also said in fifty-two AH.
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Eleventh:
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Maymunah bint Al-Harith.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her in Dhu Al-Qa'dah
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in the seventh year of the Hijrah.
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She passed away in Sarif
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in the sixty-first year of the Hijrah,
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and it is also said in sixty-three AH,
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or thirty-eight AH.
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Among the lessons from this event:
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First:
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Recognizing the merit of the Mother of the Believers, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her),
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in her compassion toward the poor and her giving of charity to them,
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to the extent that she was known as "the Mother of the Poor."
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This became a commendable attribute for her during her life and after her passing,
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calling for her to be emulated in this noble deed.
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Second:
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The permissibility of marriage during Ramadan
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for one who trusts himself not to fall into what Allah has forbidden during daytime fasting hours.
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Third:
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Highlighting the virtue of the Prophet’s wives (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),
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and the magnitude of their right over the Ummah.
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For they are the wives of its Prophet in this world and the Hereafter,
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and they are the transmitters of the noble Sacred Law to it—
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details that no one else could have known,
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owing to what they observed of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in the privacy of his home.
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Fourth:
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If a Muslim desires to marry more than one wife,
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he must have sound wisdom and righteous objectives for this endeavor.
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Fifth:
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The wives of scholars ought to
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convey their husbands' knowledge, good deeds, and righteous conduct
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that the public does not ordinarily see,
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thereby serving as a source of guidance and a model to be followed.
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Ramadan: Events and Lessons.