Part of Who am I (bundled with answers)
· Lesson 27 of 31
25- Get to know the companions, scholars, and notables | Who am I? | Collected episodes from (241) to (250) with answers
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Transcript
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0:01
Pause.
0:03
Learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
0:12
A new "Who Am I?" challenge.
0:16
I am one of the Muhajirun (Emigrant) Companions.
0:22
I was one of the few renowned duelists.
0:25
Famous for my keen insight and sharp vision.
0:29
I was extremely cunning and shrewd.
0:32
A master of malice and deception.
0:34
To the point that my nickname in Makkah became:
0:37
"The Devil of Quraysh."
0:39
I was among the fiercest enemies of the Muslims.
0:42
Causing them great harm.
0:44
Detesting them and their religion.
0:47
Waiting for the moment to strike.
0:50
With my sword upon their necks.
0:53
Therefore, I hurried to depart with Quraysh to Badr.
0:58
Accompanied by my son, Wahb.
1:00
When we arrived near the battlefield,
1:04
Quraysh sent me to scout for them.
1:07
To determine the number of the Muslims and their equipment.
1:10
I rode my horse around the Muslim army.
1:13
And contemplated them.
1:16
Then I returned to the camp of Quraysh, saying:
1:19
"They are three hundred."
1:21
"Give or take a few."
1:25
"But ask me if they have reinforcements behind them."
1:29
I said, "I found nothing behind them."
1:33
"However, O people of Quraysh,"
1:36
"I saw mounts carrying certain death."
1:40
"A people who have no protection or refuge,"
1:44
"Except for their swords."
1:46
"By Allah, I do not see that one of them will be killed,"
1:49
"Until he kills one of you."
1:52
"And if they take from you a number equal to their own,"
1:55
"What good is there in living after that?"
1:58
"So consider your decision."
2:01
My words nearly sapped their resolve to fight,
2:05
Were it not for the insistence of Abu Jahl,
2:07
And his determination to confront them.
2:10
Among the outcomes of that battle,
2:13
Was that the polytheists were defeated.
2:15
A large number of them were killed or taken captive.
2:19
My son fell captive into the hands of the Muslims.
2:23
And we returned to Makkah in failure.
2:27
One day, I sat with Safwan Ibn Umayyah in the Hijr.
2:31
We spoke of our captives at Badr.
2:34
Safwan said,
2:36
"By Allah, there is no good in life after them."
2:39
I said to him, "You are right."
2:42
"And by Allah, were it not for a debt I owe that I cannot repay,"
2:46
"And a family I fear would be lost after me,"
2:50
"I would have ridden to Muhammad to kill him."
2:54
"For I have an excuse with him,"
2:57
"I would say I came for the sake of my son,"
3:00
"This captive."
3:02
Safwan said,
3:04
"I will take care of your debt."
3:05
"I will pay it off for you."
3:07
"And your family shall be with my family,"
3:09
"I will support them as long as they live."
3:12
I said to him,
3:13
"Then keep my affair and yours a secret."
3:17
Then I ordered my sword,
3:19
To be sharpened and coated with poison.
3:22
Then I set out for Madinah.
3:25
Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, saw me,
3:28
As I had tethered my mount at the door of the mosque.
3:31
And I was girded with my sword.
3:34
He said, "This is the enemy of Allah."
3:37
"By Allah, he has come only for evil."
3:40
Then he entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
3:44
He said, "O Prophet of Allah,"
3:47
"This is the enemy of Allah,"
3:49
"He has come girded with his sword."
3:52
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said to him,
3:56
"Bring him in to me."
3:58
Umar said to the men of the Ansar who were with him,
4:03
"Enter upon the Messenger of Allah,"
4:07
"And sit with him,"
4:09
"And be wary of this wicked man for him,"
4:12
"For he is not to be trusted."
4:16
Umar brought me in to the Prophet, peace be upon him,
4:20
While he was holding the strap of my sword.
4:23
When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saw him,
4:27
He said, "Let him go, O Umar."
4:30
And he said to me, "Come closer."
4:33
I drew near to him.
4:35
He said, "What brought you?"
4:38
I said, "I came for this captive who is in your hands."
4:43
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said,
4:46
"Then what is the matter with the sword that is around your neck?"
4:49
I said, "May Allah curse them as swords,"
4:52
"Have they been of any use to us?"
4:55
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said,
4:58
"Tell me the truth: what did you come for?"
5:01
I said, "I came only for that."
5:05
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said,
5:08
"Rather, you and Safwan Ibn Umayyah sat in the Hijr,"
5:12
"And you spoke of the companions of the pit [the dead] of Quraysh."
5:16
"Then you said,"
5:18
"Were it not for a debt I owe and a family I have,"
5:21
"I would have gone out to kill Muhammad."
5:25
"So Safwan undertook your debt and your family,"
5:29
"On the condition that you kill me."
5:31
"But Allah is a barrier between you and that."
5:35
At that, I cried out and said,
5:38
"I bear witness that there is no god but Allah,"
5:41
"And I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allah."
5:44
"This is a matter that no one attended except me and Safwan."
5:48
"By Allah, no one informed you of it except Allah."
5:52
"Praise be to Allah who guided me to Islam."
5:56
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said,
5:59
To his Companions,
6:01
"Teach your brother his religion,"
6:03
"And teach him the Qur'an,"
6:05
"And release his captive for him."
6:08
Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said to me,
6:11
"You arrived, and you were more hateful to me than a pig,"
6:16
"And today, you are dearer to me than some of my own children."
6:21
Faith had permeated my heart.
6:25
I said, "O Messenger of Allah,"
6:28
"I was the fiercest enemy of Allah,"
6:31
"Causing great harm to the Muslims,"
6:34
"And I would like you to permit me,"
6:36
"To go to Makkah,"
6:38
"And call them to Allah the Almighty."
6:40
"If they respond,"
6:42
"Otherwise, I will harm them in their religion,"
6:45
"Just as I used to harm your Companions in their religion."
6:49
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, permitted me.
6:53
I arrived in Makkah,
6:55
And I stayed there calling to Islam.
6:58
Many people embraced Islam at my hands.
7:02
So, who am I?
7:04
The answer is: Umayr Ibn Wahb.
7:11
May Allah be pleased with him.
7:19
Pause.
7:22
Learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
7:29
A new "Who Am I?" challenge.
7:33
I am one of the noble Companions.
7:39
And the owner of the Prophet's cloak, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
7:43
In the pre-Islamic era, I was,
7:45
A daring youth and a horseman who could not be surpassed.
7:50
Adorned with authentic Arab virtues,
7:53
Such as chivalry, generosity, and courage,
7:56
As well as pride, zeal, and forbearance.
7:59
I spent most of my time wandering the desert in search of game.
8:05
I am one of the master veteran poets,
8:08
Having lived through both the pre-Islamic era and Islam.
8:11
My family was known for poetry and skill in it.
8:15
My father was one of the master pre-Islamic poets,
8:19
And one of the authors of the Mu'allaqat.
8:21
My grandfather was Rabi'ah.
8:23
I am nicknamed Abu Sulma, the poet.
8:26
My aunt Sulma was a poetess.
8:28
My brother Bujayr was a poet.
8:31
My son Uqbah was a poet.
8:33
And my grandson al-'Awwam Ibn Uqbah was also a poet.
8:37
Therefore, Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, considered me,
8:40
The greatest poet of the pre-Islamic era.
8:43
I was also known for my intense hatred of Islam,
8:47
Satirizing the Muslims,
8:49
And insulting their women.
8:53
When my brother Bujayr embraced Islam,
8:55
I wrote a poem,
8:57
Satirizing the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
9:01
And the Muslims with him,
9:03
And insulting their women in it.
9:06
When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, heard it,
9:10
He declared my blood forfeit,
9:12
And said to his Companions,
9:14
"Whoever meets him, let him kill him."
9:16
My brother Bujayr wrote to me about this,
9:19
And said to me,
9:21
"Escape, escape!"
9:23
"Save yourself!"
9:25
"For I do not see you escaping."
9:27
Then he said,
9:29
"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,"
9:32
"Does not have anyone come to him testifying,"
9:34
"That there is no god but Allah,"
9:36
"And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,"
9:38
"Except that he accepts it from him,"
9:40
"And forgives what came before it."
9:43
"So when this letter of mine reaches you,"
9:46
"Come and embrace Islam."
9:48
I wandered aimlessly,
9:50
Not knowing which way to go.
9:52
Whenever I approached a tribe to seek refuge, they refused me.
9:56
The earth, for all its vastness, became constricted for me.
9:59
I remained an outcast and a fugitive,
10:02
Until Allah opened my heart to Islam.
10:06
I headed to Madinah,
10:08
And tethered my mount at the door of the mosque.
10:11
Then I entered the mosque, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was there.
10:17
I recognized him by his description.
10:19
I pushed through the people until I sat before him.
10:23
Then I said,
10:25
"O Messenger of Allah,
10:27
if I were to come to you with the poet who used to satirize you, having repented,
10:31
would you accept him and pardon him?"
10:34
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said,
10:37
"Yes."
10:38
I said,
10:39
"I am that poet,
10:41
and I seek your protection, O Messenger of Allah."
10:44
Then I recited to him a poem in which I said:
10:48
"Su'ad has departed, and today my heart is distraught,
10:53
enslaved by her, unable to ransom itself, shackled.
10:57
I was told that the Messenger of Allah has threatened me,
11:01
yet pardon is hoped for from the Messenger of Allah.
11:05
Gently now—may He who gave you the gift of the Qur'an, wherein are promises and detailed guidance, guide you.
11:13
Do not hold me accountable for the words of the slanderers, for I have committed no sin, even if the rumors about me are many.
11:21
Indeed, the Messenger is a light from which illumination is sought,
11:25
a drawn sword from the swords of Allah."
11:29
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) signaled to those with him,
11:34
"Listen."
11:35
I continued until I had recited the entire poem,
11:39
and he pardoned me.
11:40
Then he stood up and clothed me in the mantle (burdah) he was wearing,
11:45
and I was overjoyed by it.
11:47
Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) later wanted to buy it from me for twenty thousand dirhams,
11:53
but I would not sell it.
11:55
It remained with me, priceless.
11:58
It stayed in my possession until my death,
12:01
then my family sold it for forty thousand dirhams.
12:05
The Umayyad Caliphs inherited it,
12:08
then the Abbasids,
12:10
until it passed to the Caliphs of the Ottoman Empire.
12:15
So, who am I?
12:17
The answer:
12:23
Ka'b Ibn Zuhayr Ibn Abi Sulma (may Allah be pleased with him).
12:28
Pause and learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
12:40
A new challenge: Who am I?
12:47
I am one of the Ansar Companions.
12:53
I embraced Islam upon the Prophet's entry into Medina,
12:57
and I participated with the Prophet (peace be upon him) in his military expeditions.
13:02
I loved striving in the cause of Allah (jihad), despite my poverty,
13:06
until the expedition of Tabuk came,
13:09
which was also called the Expedition of Hardship (Ghazwat al-'Usrah),
13:13
because it occurred during a time of great difficulty for the people,
13:16
intense heat,
13:18
great distance,
13:20
and a scarcity of wealth and mounts.
13:23
The Prophet (peace be upon him) urged people to contribute and spend for it,
13:29
saying,
13:30
"Whoever equips the Army of Hardship shall have Paradise."
13:34
The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) responded to the call of the Prophet (peace be upon him),
13:41
and the wealthy among them set the most wonderful examples of generosity and giving,
13:47
led by 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him).
13:51
The women brought whatever they could of charity and jewelry,
13:56
and placed it before the Prophet (peace be upon him).
14:01
The poor Companions also participated as much as they could,
14:07
to the point that Abu 'Aqil (may Allah be pleased with him)
14:10
came with half a sa' of dates,
14:13
and placed it before the Prophet (peace be upon him),
14:17
for which the hypocrites mocked him.
14:20
I remained with some other Muslims,
14:24
finding nothing to provide for jihad or to spend.
14:28
We were left behind from the expedition and were unable to contribute,
14:33
which caused us deep sorrow,
14:36
and our souls were nearly departing out of grief for being left behind
14:40
and our inability to participate in this expedition.
14:44
We were called "the Weepers" (al-Bakka'un).
14:47
Allah the Almighty revealed regarding us:
14:51
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
14:57
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
15:04
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
15:08
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
15:13
Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
15:18
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
15:25
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
15:38
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
15:43
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
15:50
On the night of that expedition, I stood in prayer and wept,
15:55
then I said, "O Allah, You have commanded jihad and encouraged it,
16:02
yet You did not provide me with the means to go out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
16:09
nor did You place in the hands of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) the means to transport me."
16:15
"O Allah, I give as charity my honor to every Muslim,
16:20
for every injustice done to me regarding my wealth, my body, or my honor."
16:26
Then I joined the people in the morning.
16:30
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
16:34
"Where is the one who gave charity last night?"
16:37
No one stood up.
16:39
Then he said, "Where is the one who gave his honor as charity last night?"
16:44
I stood before him,
16:46
and he (peace be upon him) said,
16:49
"Rejoice, for by Him in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad,
16:53
Allah has accepted your charity."
16:56
When the Prophet (peace be upon him) returned from the expedition of Tabuk
17:02
and approached Medina,
17:04
he gave glad tidings to the people about our state—we who were excused,
17:08
who could not go out for jihad due to poverty or illness.
17:13
He said, "In Medina, there are people who, no matter what distance you traveled,
17:18
or what valley you crossed,
17:20
were with you."
17:23
They asked, "O Messenger of Allah,
17:25
while they were in Medina?"
17:27
He said, "Yes, while they were in Medina,
17:30
held back by a valid excuse."
17:32
So Allah recorded our reward because of our sincerity.
17:36
I became known as "the one who gave his honor as charity."
17:40
So, who am I?
17:42
The answer: 'Ulbah Ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him).
17:52
Pause and learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
18:03
A new challenge: Who am I?
18:11
I am one of the Emigrant (Muhajirun) Companions,
18:16
a Hashimi Qurayshi.
18:19
I was known for my eloquence and sharpness of tongue,
18:23
and no one could stand against me in debate.
18:25
Along with that, I was a scholar of genealogy,
18:29
the most knowledgeable of Quraysh regarding their lineages and historical days.
18:33
I was one of four whom people would consult to resolve their disputes regarding lineage.
18:39
I am the cousin of the Prophet (peace be upon him), the son of Abu Talib.
18:44
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to me,
18:48
"O Abu Yazid,
18:50
I love you with two loves:
18:52
a love for your kinship to me,
18:55
and a love for Abu Talib’s love for you."
18:59
Yes,
19:00
my father, Abu Talib, loved me very much,
19:04
and he did not equate any of his children with me,
19:08
let alone others.
19:10
A proof of this is
19:12
that when Quraysh fell into poverty,
19:15
the Prophet (peace be upon him)
19:18
and my uncle al-'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) came to my father,
19:22
this being before the Prophetic mission,
19:24
and asked him to take care of some of his children to lighten his burden.
19:29
My father agreed on the condition that they leave me with him,
19:33
and they could take whomever they wished of his children besides me.
19:37
My uncle al-'Abbas took my brother Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him),
19:41
and the Prophet (peace be upon him) took my brother 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
19:47
I was one of those who inherited from their Muslim relatives who migrated to Medina,
19:55
for I inherited the house of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in Mecca
20:00
and the houses of the Banu Hashim.
20:02
I used to provide water to the pilgrims, as was the duty of the Banu Hashim.
20:06
I was one of the three who organized the registers of stipends
20:11
for the Caliph of the Muslims, 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him),
20:15
and I arranged the people in them according to their tribes and lineages.
20:20
I witnessed the Battle of Badr with the polytheists,
20:25
and some Muslims captured me,
20:27
tying me with my uncle al-'Abbas with a single rope;
20:32
we were called "the pair."
20:34
I had no wealth to ransom myself,
20:38
so my uncle al-'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) ransomed me.
20:42
Allah the Almighty revealed regarding us:
20:45
“O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:70)
20:56
“O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:70)
21:01
“O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:70)
21:09
"If He knows any good in your hearts, He will give you better than what was taken from you,
21:16
and He will forgive you;
21:18
and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful."
21:22
I am the eldest of my brothers,
21:27
ten years older than Ja'far,
21:30
and twenty years older than 'Ali.
21:33
Yet, I was the last of them to embrace Islam,
21:37
and the last of them to die.
21:39
I embraced Islam after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah,
21:42
and I migrated to Medina in the early part of the eighth year after the Hijrah.
21:46
I participated in the Battle of Mu'tah,
21:49
and I was among those who stood firm with the Prophet (peace be upon him)
21:53
in the Battle of Hunayn.
21:55
My death came at the end of the reign of Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him).
22:01
So, who am I?
22:03
The answer: 'Aqil Ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him).
22:14
Pause and learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
22:27
A new challenge: Who am I?
22:34
I am an Ansari Companion,
22:40
a noble among the nobles of the Khazraj.
22:43
I was one of the six men from Yathrib
22:46
who met the Prophet (peace be upon him) in Mecca,
22:51
and they embraced Islam before the rest of the Ansar.
22:54
Then I witnessed the two Pledges of 'Aqabah.
22:57
I was an eloquent orator,
23:00
known for my courage and boldness.
23:03
When the Prophet (peace be upon him) extended his hand to pledge allegiance to the people at the Second Pledge of 'Aqabah,
23:12
I took his hand and said to my people,
23:15
"O people of Khazraj,
23:17
do you realize what you are pledging to this man?"
23:21
They said, "Yes."
23:22
I said to them, confirming their resolve,
23:25
"You are pledging to wage war against all people, red and black.
23:30
If you believe that if your wealth is exhausted by disaster,
23:35
and your nobles are killed,
23:37
you will abandon him,
23:38
then do so now,
23:40
for by Allah, if you do that, it will be a disgrace in this world and the Hereafter.
23:45
But if you believe that you will be faithful to him in what you have invited him to,
23:50
despite the exhaustion of wealth and the killing of nobles,
23:53
then take him,
23:54
for by Allah, it is the best of this world and the Hereafter."
23:58
They said, "We will take him despite the loss of wealth and the killing of nobles.
24:04
What will we have, O Messenger of Allah, if we fulfill that?"
24:09
He (peace be upon him) said,
24:12
"Paradise."
24:14
They said,
24:15
"Extend your hand, O Messenger of Allah."
24:18
He extended his hand, and they pledged allegiance to him.
24:21
By Allah, I did not say those words
24:24
except to strengthen the covenant for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).
24:31
When we pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
24:35
Satan screamed from the top of the 'Aqabah with the loudest voice I had ever heard:
24:41
"O people of the encampments!
24:43
Will you allow the blameworthy one and those who have apostatized with him?
24:46
They have gathered to wage war against you!"
24:49
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said,
24:52
This is the Aqaba pledge.
24:54
Meaning, "O enemy of Allah."
24:56
By Allah, I shall certainly finish you off.
24:59
Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to us:
25:03
"Return to your camps."
25:06
I said, "O Messenger of Allah,
25:09
by the One who sent you with the truth,
25:11
if you wish, we shall descend upon the people of Mina tomorrow with our swords."
25:16
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
25:20
"We have not been commanded to do that."
25:22
"Rather, return to your camps."
25:26
After our return to Medina,
25:30
I was not at peace.
25:32
So I went out to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
25:35
while he was in Mecca.
25:37
I stayed with him until he migrated to Medina.
25:41
Then I migrated there.
25:43
Thus, I was both an Ansar and a Muhajir.
25:47
I participated in the Battle of Uhud.
25:49
The Muslims were not defeated.
25:51
I stood firm on the battlefield.
25:54
Sufyan Ibn Abd Shams and I encountered one another.
25:57
We struck at each other with our swords.
26:00
Then Safwan Ibn Umayya caught up with us.
26:03
He struck me with his sword.
26:05
And Sufyan returned to me.
26:07
He also struck me.
26:09
Until the wounds incapacitated me.
26:12
And it was there that I met my death.
26:16
So, who am I?
26:22
The answer:
26:23
Al-Abbas Ibn Ubada Ibn Nadla al-Ansari,
26:27
may Allah be pleased with him.
26:29
Pause,
26:41
and learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
26:45
A new challenge.
26:51
Who am I?
26:55
I am a Qurayshi female Companion.
26:58
I embraced Islam in Mecca before the migration.
27:01
And I migrated to Medina.
27:03
I was among the most intelligent and virtuous of women.
27:07
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to visit us and take a midday nap at our home.
27:13
I had set aside a mat specifically for that purpose.
27:17
I kept that mat and the bedding upon which the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to sleep.
27:25
I was among the few who knew how to read and write during the pre-Islamic era.
27:31
Furthermore, I was a physician and a practitioner of Ruqyah (healing incantations).
27:35
The Prophet, peace be upon him, gave me a house in Medina,
27:40
so that it would become a center of learning for women.
27:44
In it, I taught the Muslim women reading, writing, medicine, and Ruqyah.
27:51
Thus, I am the first female teacher in Islam.
27:56
Among those who learned from me was Hafsa Bint Umar, the wife of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
28:06
I used to go out with the Prophet, peace be upon him, on his military expeditions.
28:11
I would treat the wounded.
28:13
The Companions used to come to my house for medical treatment.
28:17
One day, a man from the Ansar came down with an ailment called 'al-Namla' (the ant).
28:23
These are sores that break out on the sides of the body.
28:26
It was named as such because the patient feels in the area of the sores
28:31
as if an ant is walking on them and biting them.
28:35
They directed him to me.
28:37
He came to me and asked me to perform Ruqyah on him.
28:40
I said to him, "By Allah, I have not performed Ruqyah on anyone since I embraced Islam."
28:45
The man went to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
28:50
and informed him of what I had said.
28:52
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, summoned me
28:56
and said, "Show me the Ruqyah."
29:00
I showed it to him.
29:02
He said, "Perform it on him with that."
29:05
"And teach it to Hafsa, just as you taught her writing."
29:09
Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to prioritize my opinion.
29:14
He would look after me and prefer me over other women.
29:18
For instance,
29:20
I came to him one day,
29:22
and found Atika Bint Usayd at his door.
29:26
We entered together to see him.
29:28
We spoke with him for a while.
29:31
He called for a piece of fabric,
29:33
and gave it to me.
29:35
Then he called for a piece of fabric of lesser quality,
29:37
and gave it to Atika.
29:39
Atika said,
29:41
"May your hands be covered in dust, O Umar!
29:43
I preceded her in Islam,
29:46
and I am your cousin, unlike her.
29:48
You sent for her,
29:50
while she came to you of her own accord.
29:52
Yet you give her something better than what you gave me?"
29:56
He said to her,
29:58
"I had only set that aside for you.
30:01
But when you both gathered,
30:03
I remembered that she is closer to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, than you are,
30:09
so I gave her precedence over you."
30:11
Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, prayed the dawn prayer one day,
30:17
then passed by me and said,
30:20
"O Umm Sulayman,
30:22
I did not see Sulayman at the dawn prayer."
30:25
I said to him,
30:27
"He spent the night in prayer,
30:29
and his eyes overcame him."
30:31
Umar said,
30:33
"For me to attend the dawn prayer in congregation
30:36
is more beloved to me than standing in prayer all night."
30:39
One day, I saw some young men walking with a measured pace,
30:44
and speaking softly.
30:47
I asked, "What is this?"
30:49
They said, "We are the ascetics."
30:52
I said to them,
30:54
"By Allah, when Umar spoke, he was heard;
30:58
when he walked, he was swift;
31:00
and when he struck, he caused pain.
31:02
He, by Allah, is the true ascetic."
31:06
So, who am I?
31:08
The answer:
31:15
Al-Shifa Bint Abdullah al-Adawiyya, may Allah be pleased with her.
31:20
Pause,
31:27
and learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
31:32
A new challenge.
31:38
Who am I?
31:43
I am one of the Meccan Companions.
31:45
And one of the first to migrate to Medina.
31:48
And the first ambassador in Islam.
31:51
I was the ornament of the youth of Quraysh.
31:54
I was the pampered youth of Mecca,
31:57
and its most respected and handsome young man.
32:00
My mother, Khunas Bint Malik,
32:03
was among the wealthiest people in Mecca.
32:05
She would clothe me in the finest garments,
32:07
and bring me the most precious perfumes.
32:10
Thus, I was the most fragrant person in Mecca,
32:12
and the most handsome in appearance.
32:16
When I heard of Islam,
32:19
I hastened to embrace it,
32:21
while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
32:24
was at the house of al-Arqam.
32:26
I kept my Islam secret,
32:28
for fear of my mother,
32:30
who possessed
32:32
a remarkably strong personality,
32:35
and intense hostility toward the Muslims.
32:39
When she learned of my Islam,
32:41
she imprisoned me,
32:43
and wanted to turn me away from my religion.
32:46
But I remained firm in my faith.
32:49
So she decided to cast me out of her house,
32:52
and deprive me of wealth.
32:55
She said to me,
32:57
"Go about your business;
32:59
I am no longer your mother."
33:01
I said to her,
33:03
"O Mother,
33:04
I am a sincere advisor to you,
33:06
and I am compassionate toward you.
33:08
So bear witness that there is no god but Allah,
33:11
and that Muhammad is His servant and messenger."
33:15
She replied, in her anger,
33:17
"I swear by the stars,
33:20
I will not enter your religion,
33:22
lest it belittle my judgment and weaken my mind."
33:26
My mother withheld from me everything she used to give me,
33:30
and incited the men of our tribe against me.
33:33
I suffered such torture and affliction
33:36
that it changed my complexion and exhausted my body,
33:39
to the point that my skin would peel off
33:42
like the skin of a snake.
33:46
I would fall to the ground from the intensity of hunger,
33:49
unable to walk.
33:52
My companions would carry me on their shoulders.
33:55
The Prophet, peace be upon him, looked
33:58
at me one day as I was approaching,
34:01
wearing a sheepskin.
34:04
He, peace be upon him, said:
34:07
"Look at this man
34:09
whose heart Allah has illuminated.
34:12
I saw him between two parents
34:15
who nourished him with the finest food and drink.
34:18
Yet the love of Allah and His Messenger called him
34:21
to what you see."
34:23
I migrated with the first of the oppressed
34:27
to Abyssinia, and my companion
34:30
on the journey was Amir Ibn Rabi'a, may Allah be pleased with him.
34:33
He describes me by saying:
34:36
"He was my companion from the day he embraced Islam
34:39
until he was killed at Uhud.
34:42
He went out with us to the land of Abyssinia,
34:45
and he was my companion among the people.
34:48
I have never seen a man
34:51
more gentle or less prone to conflict than him.
34:54
I saw his feet dripping
34:57
with blood from the hardship of the journey,
35:00
as he was of delicate skin,
35:03
unaccustomed to the harshness of life,
35:06
unlike the rest of his companions on the migration journey."
35:09
Then I migrated to Medina,
35:12
where the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sent me
35:15
to them,
35:19
to instruct them in the religion.
35:22
I was the first to migrate there,
35:25
and the first to lead the people in the Friday prayer there.
35:28
I was their teacher of the Qur'an,
35:31
Until they began calling me "the Reciter."
35:34
I had attracted, through my gentle manner
35:38
and good character,
35:41
a great many of the people of Medina.
35:44
A large number of its people embraced Islam at my hands,
35:47
until the mention of Islam spread throughout Medina.
35:50
There was not a single house among the homes of the Ansar
35:53
but that Islam was mentioned within it.
35:56
And Medina became prepared
35:59
to receive the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
36:02
I participated with the Prophet, peace be upon him,
36:06
in the battles of Badr and Uhud.
36:09
I was the standard-bearer in both.
36:12
And at Uhud,
36:15
Ibn Qami'ah al-Laythi caught sight of me,
36:18
and he thought I was the Messenger of Allah,
36:21
due to my strong resemblance to the Messenger of Allah,
36:24
peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
36:27
He attacked me while I was carrying the standard,
36:30
and struck my right arm, severing it.
36:33
So I recited the words of Allah the Almighty:
36:36
“Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144)
36:39
"Messengers have passed on before him."
36:42
Then I took the standard with my left hand,
36:45
and the disbeliever struck it and severed it.
36:48
So I leaned over the standard,
36:51
and pressed it to my chest with my upper arms, while saying:
36:54
“Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144)
36:57
"Messengers have passed on before him."
37:00
Then he attacked me a third time with a spear,
37:03
and thrust it through my body.
37:06
I fell to the ground as a martyr,
37:09
and the standard fell.
37:12
When they wanted to bury me,
37:15
they could not find anything to cover me with
37:18
in my grave except for a garment of mine.
37:21
If they covered my head with it, my feet were exposed,
37:24
and if they covered my feet with it, my head was exposed.
37:27
So the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
37:30
"Cover his head with it,"
37:33
and place some plants over his feet.
37:37
So who am I?
37:45
The answer is Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr,
37:48
may Allah be pleased with him.
37:56
Pause and learn about the Companions,
38:00
the scholars, and the prominent figures.
38:03
A new challenge.
38:09
Who am I?
38:14
I am one of the senior Companions from the Ansar,
38:17
from the Banu Harithah of the Aws.
38:20
My name during the Jahiliyyah was 'Abd al-'Uzza,
38:23
but the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, changed
38:26
my name.
38:29
I embraced Islam when Islam entered Medina,
38:32
and I was among the few who knew how to write
38:35
in Arabic before Islam.
38:39
I, along with Abu Burdah, may Allah be pleased with him,
38:42
used to break the idols of our people, the Banu Harithah,
38:45
after we embraced Islam.
38:49
He says:
38:52
"Whoever’s feet become dusty in the cause of Allah,
38:55
Allah will forbid the Fire from touching them."
38:58
So I strove to engage in jihad,
39:01
and I witnessed all the battles
39:04
with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
39:07
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, also sent me
39:10
with a group of the Ansar
39:13
to assassinate Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf the Jew,
39:16
who used to harm the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
39:19
and his companions.
39:22
After the death of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
39:25
the two Caliphs,
39:28
'Umar ibn al-Khattab and 'Uthman ibn 'Affan,
39:31
may Allah be pleased with them, appointed me as a collector
39:34
for the zakat funds.
39:37
And the Caliph 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, came
39:40
to visit me once when I was ill.
39:44
When I regained consciousness, he said to me, "How do you find yourself?"
39:47
I said, "Well."
39:50
"We found all our affairs to be well,
39:53
except for some minds that were corrupted among us
39:56
and the workers; we could hardly
39:59
rid ourselves of them."
40:02
I meant to say to the Caliph, may Allah be pleased with him,
40:05
that we found our affairs and conditions
40:08
to be good and upright,
40:11
except for some individuals with corrupt minds
40:14
who acted as intermediaries between us and the leaders,
40:17
and thus they harmed us
40:20
and corrupted the management of our affairs,
40:23
and we were unable to rid ourselves of their harm and influence
40:26
except with great difficulty.
40:30
I lived in Medina for seventy years,
40:33
and my death occurred there in the year thirty-four.
40:36
'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, led the funeral prayer for me,
40:39
and I was buried in al-Baqi'.
40:42
So who am I?
40:45
The answer is Abu 'Abs,
40:53
'Abd al-Rahman ibn Jabr al-Awsi,
40:56
may Allah be pleased with him.
41:03
Pause and learn about the Companions,
41:06
the scholars, and the prominent figures.
41:12
A new challenge: Who am I?
41:15
I am one of the Muhajirun (Emigrant) Companions,
41:20
a Hashimi Qurayshi,
41:23
and I am the cousin of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
41:26
and the person who most resembles him.
41:29
I embraced Islam early, among the first to embrace it
41:32
from the people of Mecca.
41:35
I was known for eloquence, courage, and generosity.
41:38
I was nicknamed "the possessor of two wings"
41:41
and "the Flyer."
41:44
I was the one who cared for the poor among the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
41:48
because I used to be kind to them,
41:51
check on them, and sit with them.
41:54
I was one of the commanders in the army of the leaders
41:57
in the Battle of Mu'tah.
42:00
I migrated to Abyssinia and remained there
42:03
by the command of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
42:06
Then I came to him while he was in Khaybar,
42:09
and he was pleased with our arrival, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
42:12
When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saw
42:16
the affliction that had befallen the Muslims in Mecca,
42:19
and he was unable to protect us
42:22
from what we were enduring,
42:25
he said to us:
42:28
"If you were to go out to the land of Abyssinia,
42:31
for there is a king there under whom no one is wronged,
42:34
and it is a land of truth,
42:37
until Allah grants you relief from what you are in."
42:40
So we went out at that time,
42:43
migrating to the land of Abyssinia,
42:46
fearing persecution and fleeing with our religion.
42:49
When that reached Quraysh,
42:52
they consulted among themselves,
42:55
and decided to send two strong men from among them
42:58
to the Negus to demand our return.
43:01
They arrived before the Negus,
43:04
and when they entered upon him, they prostrated to him,
43:07
and presented him with gifts,
43:10
which he admired.
43:13
One of them sat to his right,
43:16
and the other to his left.
43:19
They said, "A group of our people
43:22
have settled in your land, having abandoned our religion,
43:25
and they have mocked our gods."
43:28
The Negus sent for us,
43:31
and I said to those with me, "I am your spokesman."
43:34
They said, "Yes."
43:37
Someone in the assembly asked,
43:40
"Why do you not prostrate to the King?"
43:43
I said, "We do not prostrate except to Allah."
43:47
They asked, "Why is that?"
43:50
I said, "Allah has sent a Messenger among us,
43:53
and commanded us not to prostrate except to Allah,
43:56
and commanded us to perform prayer and pay zakat,
43:59
and to do righteous deeds."
44:02
'Amr said, "They oppose you."
44:06
The Negus asked,
44:09
"What do you say about the son of Mary and his mother?"
44:12
I said, "We say as Allah said:
44:15
He is the Spirit of Allah
44:18
and His Word, which He cast into Mary, the chaste virgin,
44:21
whom no man had touched."
44:24
And I recited to him a portion
44:27
of Surah Maryam.
44:30
The Negus picked up a stick from the ground,
44:33
while his beard was soaked with tears,
44:36
and said, "O assembly of Abyssinians, priests,
44:39
and monks, what do you want?
44:42
By Allah, this does not displease me.
44:45
I bear witness that he is the Messenger of Allah,
44:48
and that he is the one whom Jesus gave glad tidings of
44:51
in the Gospel. By Allah,
44:54
were it not for the kingship I am in,
44:57
I would have come to him and been the one to carry his sandals."
45:01
Then he said to us,
45:04
"Settle wherever you wish in safety;
45:07
no one shall harm you."
45:10
He ordered the gifts of the Quraysh
45:13
to be returned to them,
45:16
and sent them back disappointed.
45:19
I was the cause of the Negus's heart being opened
45:23
to Islam.
45:26
We remained in Abyssinia until the seventh year,
45:29
then we came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
45:32
on the day of the conquest of Khaybar.
45:35
He was pleased with our arrival,
45:38
and the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, kissed
45:41
between my eyes and embraced me,
45:44
and said, "I do not know which of the two
45:47
I am more joyful about: your arrival
45:50
or the conquest of Khaybar."
45:53
So who am I?
46:01
Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him.
46:04
Pause
46:11
and learn about the Companions, the scholars, and the prominent figures.
46:14
A new challenge.
46:20
Who am I?
46:23
I am one of the senior companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
46:29
I am among the foremost of the early converts
46:32
to Islam,
46:35
and one of the ten promised Paradise.
46:38
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, titled me
46:41
the Trustee of the Ummah.
46:44
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, nominated me
46:47
for the Caliphate after the passing of the Prophet.
46:50
I migrated to Abyssinia,
46:53
then to Medina,
46:56
and I witnessed with the Prophet, peace be upon him,
46:59
all the battles.
47:02
I stood firm with him on the day of Uhud,
47:05
defending the religion.
47:08
I led the armies for the conquest of the Levant.
47:12
The Prophet, peace be upon him, would appoint me
47:15
over some of the expeditions and detachments.
47:18
Once,
47:21
the Prophet, peace be upon him, sent a detachment
47:24
toward the coast, numbering 300
47:27
men, and placed me in command of them.
47:30
We set out until, when we were
47:33
running low on provisions,
47:36
I ordered that the remaining army food
47:39
be gathered, and I would give them from it
47:42
a little each day.
47:45
Then I began giving each man
47:48
a single date per day,
47:51
until the food ran out.
47:54
Hunger overtook us,
47:57
so we ate tree leaves.
48:00
Suddenly, there was a massive whale,
48:03
like a small mountain,
48:06
dead on the shore.
48:09
I said to my companions, "This whale is dead,
48:12
so do not eat from it."
48:15
Then I said to them, "No,
48:18
we are the messengers of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
48:21
and we are in the cause of Allah,
48:24
and you are in a state of necessity, so eat."
48:27
We ate from it and used its oil,
48:30
until we grew fat and our bodies recovered.
48:33
I took thirteen men
48:36
and sat them inside the whale's eye socket,
48:39
and I took one of its ribs,
48:42
stood it upright, and then led the largest
48:45
camel we had, and it passed underneath it.
48:48
We took provisions of its dried meat with us.
48:51
When we arrived in Medina,
48:54
we went to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
48:57
and mentioned that to him.
49:00
He said, "It is a provision that Allah brought forth
49:03
for you. Do you have
49:06
any of its meat left to feed us?"
49:09
So we sent some to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
49:12
and he ate it.
49:16
I was the governor of the people in the Levant during the era of
49:19
Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him.
49:23
Then the plague struck the people severely.
49:26
When the Commander of the Faithful heard of that,
49:29
he feared for me, so he wrote to me saying,
49:32
"A need for you has arisen for me,
49:35
one I cannot do without.
49:38
If my letter reaches you at night,
49:41
I implore you not to wait until morning
49:44
before you set out to me."
49:47
"And if my letter reaches you during the day..."
49:51
I said to myself,
49:55
"I know the need of the Commander of the Faithful
49:58
that has arisen,
50:01
and he wishes to preserve
50:04
one who is not meant to remain."
50:07
So I wrote back to him:
50:10
"O Commander of the Faithful,
50:13
I have understood your need for me,
50:16
but I am among the army of the Muslims,
50:19
and I do not wish to part from them
50:22
until Allah decrees His command and judgment
50:25
regarding them and me."
50:28
"So release me from your resolve, O Commander of the Faithful,
50:31
and leave me with my army."
50:34
When the Caliph read my letter,
50:37
his eyes overflowed and he wept.
50:40
Those with him asked,
50:43
"O Commander of the Faithful, is he dead?"
50:46
He replied, "Yes, or as good as,"
50:49
meaning he was near death.
50:52
Then it was not long after
50:55
that the plague struck me,
50:58
and my soul departed.
51:02
When I passed away,
51:05
Mu'adh ibn Jabal, may Allah be pleased with him, stood up,
51:08
led the people in prayer,
51:11
and then addressed them, saying:
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"I have never seen among the servants of Allah anyone
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less resentful, more pure-hearted,
51:20
more free of malice,
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more eager for the Hereafter,
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or more sincere to the common folk than him."
51:29
"So pray for Allah's mercy upon him, then prepare
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for his funeral prayer, for by Allah,
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you will never have anyone like him as your leader again."
51:38
Then he stepped forward and prayed over me.
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They placed me in my grave
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and cast the earth over me.
51:47
Mu'adh, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
51:50
"I will praise you,
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and I will not speak falsely,
51:56
for I fear that Allah's wrath might befall me for it."
51:59
"By Allah, as far as I knew, you were among those who remember
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Allah often,
52:05
and among those who walk upon the earth humbly,
52:08
and among those who, when they spend,
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“And those who, when they spend, are neither prodigal nor grudging; and there is ever a firm station between the two;” (25:67)
52:14
“And those who, when they spend, are neither prodigal nor grudging; and there is ever a firm station between the two;” (25:67)
52:17
"And by Allah, you were among the humble,
52:20
the modest, who show mercy to
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the orphan and the destitute,
52:26
and who despise the treacherous and the arrogant."
52:29
"May Allah have mercy on you. So, who am I?"
52:33
The answer:
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Abu 'Ubaydah 'Amir ibn al-Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him.