Part of Al-Shama'il Al-Muhammadiyah (the series is completed)
· Lesson 37 of 40
Shamail Muhammadiyah | Episode (37) | Chapter on what was mentioned regarding the death of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him | Part Two
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
0:00
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0:07
Written with the pens of longing and the ink of love.
0:11
We pen letters more precious than gold.
0:15
In describing the Master of Creation, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him
0:20
The Prophetic characteristics (Shama'il)
0:30
Chapter on What Has Been Related Regarding the Passing of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
0:35
On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
0:40
On the day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered Medina,
0:47
through which every single thing was illuminated.
0:50
And on the day he passed away, every part of it grew dark.
0:56
We had not even wiped the dust from our hands
0:59
And indeed, while we were burying him, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
1:03
So much so that we felt our very hearts had changed.
1:06
In this hadith, Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) relates:
1:12
A comparison between the day on which the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, first shone his light upon the world
1:17
with his noble presence.
1:19
... entering the city of Medina.
1:22
And the day his soul was taken, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
1:27
He says,
1:29
When the day arrived on which the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered Medina,
1:35
illuminated everything within it
1:38
Meaning that Medina was illuminated by his entry.
1:41
Thus, the light of general guidance radiated throughout Medina.
1:45
Or it is said:
1:47
Here, the illumination is a metaphor for the complete joy felt by the residents of Medina.
1:52
And His saying:
1:54
But on the day he passed away, every part of it was plunged into darkness.
2:00
That is, that light departed with his death, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
2:03
And Medina was plunged into darkness.
2:05
and its inhabitants grieved over his departure.
2:08
And they burst into tears.
2:10
Abu Dhu'ayb al-Hudhali said,
2:13
I arrived in Medina.
2:15
And its people were heard weeping loudly.
2:17
Like the clamor of the pilgrims when they enter the state of ihram, raising their voices in the acclamation of faith.
2:21
So I said, "Halt!"
2:23
They said,
2:25
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed away.
2:29
And his saying:
2:31
and we had not even wiped the dust from our hands
2:34
Meaning, from the dust of the grave.
2:36
While we were engaged in burying him, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
2:40
That is, with regard to carrying out his burial.
2:42
So much so that we no longer recognized our own hearts.
2:45
That is to say, they found that their hearts had changed from what they had known during his lifetime.
2:51
Of affection, purity, and tenderness.
2:54
Because of the instruction and moral discipline he used to provide them with.
2:58
And because they lacked the blessings of the Prophet's companionship.
3:01
This does not mean that they found their hearts lacking the conviction they previously held.
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Because their faith did not diminish upon his death, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
3:13
And on the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said:
3:18
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away on Monday.
3:23
And on the authority of Ja'far Ibn Muhammad, from his father, he said:
3:27
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away on a Monday.
3:32
So he remained through that day and the eve of Tuesday.
3:36
And he was buried at night.
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Sufyan said, as did others:
3:42
From the late hours of the night, he could hear the sound of shovels.
3:46
In these two hadiths
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That the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed away on a Monday.
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And this is a matter of consensus.
3:58
And his saying, "So he remained that day," refers to Monday.
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...and Tuesday night, and he was buried during the night.
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Meaning, Tuesday night.
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As for the washing and shrouding of his body, these took place on Tuesday.
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And the burial took place on Tuesday night, in the middle of the night.
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Thus, the burial was delayed until this time.
4:20
So that the people may be able to offer the funeral prayer over him.
4:23
So they prayed the funeral prayer over him individually in the room of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her.
4:29
And it can only accommodate a small amount of prose.
4:33
And his saying, "He hears the sound of the shovels,"
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*Masāḥī* is the plural of *misḥāh*, which is an iron spade.
4:42
And it is related in the Musnad of Imam Ahmad
4:45
On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said:
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We only realized that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was being buried
4:54
until I heard the sound of shovels late in the night.
4:58
Tuesday night
5:02
On the authority of Salim Ibn 'Ubayd, who was a Companion of the Prophet,
5:06
He said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, fell unconscious during his illness.
5:12
When he regained consciousness, he asked, "Has the time for prayer arrived?"
5:17
They replied, "Yes."
5:19
He then said, "Command Bilal to call the adhan."
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And command Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to lead the people in prayer.
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Or he spoke to the people.
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He said, "Then he fell unconscious."
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Then he regained consciousness and said, "Has the time for prayer arrived?"
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They replied, "Yes."
5:38
Then he said, "Command Bilal to call the adhan."
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And tell Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to lead the people in prayer.
5:46
Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
5:48
My father is a man of a tender and sensitive heart.
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When he stood in that position, he would weep.
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Thus, he is unable to do so.
5:56
Had I commanded someone other than him
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He said, then he lost consciousness.
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Then he regained consciousness and said:
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Tell Bilal to call the adhan.
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And tell Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to lead the people in prayer.
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For they were like the companions of Yusuf.
6:14
He then commanded Bilal, may Allah be pleased with him, to call the adhan.
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Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, gave the command and led the people in prayer.
6:20
Then, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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He felt a sense of lightness.
6:26
He then said
6:27
Look for someone upon whom I may lean.
6:30
Then Barirah came, along with another man.
6:33
He then leaned upon both of them.
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When Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, saw him
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He went to the link.
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He gestured to him to remain in his place.
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Until Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, finished his prayer.
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Then, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.
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Then ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
6:54
By Allah, I will not listen to anyone.
6:56
It is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.
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I would strike him with this sword of mine.
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He said
7:05
The people were unlettered.
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There was no prophet among them before him.
7:11
Then the people refrained.
7:13
They said,
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O Salim.
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Go to the Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and summon him.
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So I came to Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, while he was in the mosque.
7:25
I came to him weeping in astonishment.
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When he saw me, he said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.
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I said
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'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, says
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I do not hear anyone mentioning that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.
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I would strike him with this sword of mine.
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He then said to me
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He set out.
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So I set out with him.
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He arrived while the people had already entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
7:59
He then said
8:00
O people!
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Make space for me.
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So make space for him.
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He then leaned over him and touched him.
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He then said
8:11
“Lo! thou wilt die, and lo! they will die;” (39:30)
8:15
Then they said
8:17
O Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
8:19
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.
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He said, "Yes."
8:25
So they knew that he had spoken the truth.
8:28
They said
8:29
O Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
8:31
Should blessings be invoked upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him?
8:35
He said, "Yes."
8:37
They asked, "And how is that?"
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He said
8:40
A group of people will enter, then they will proclaim the greatness of Allah, perform prayer, and supplicate.
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Then they shall emerge.
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Then a group of people enters, and they proclaim the greatness of Allah, perform prayer, and supplicate.
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Then they will emerge.
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until the people enter.
8:56
They said:
8:57
O Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
9:00
Is the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to be buried?
9:04
He said, "Yes."
9:06
They said:
9:07
Where
9:08
He said
9:09
In the very place where Allah took his soul.
9:13
For Allah did not take his soul except in a blessed place.
9:18
So they knew that he had spoken the truth.
9:21
Then he commanded that his paternal cousins should wash him.
9:25
The Muhajirun gathered to consult with one another.
9:28
They said,
9:29
Come with us to our brothers among the Ansar.
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We shall include them with us in this matter.
9:36
The Ansar said
9:38
There shall be a leader from among us and a leader from among you.
9:42
'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
9:44
Whoever possesses these three qualities...
9:47
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)
9:50
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)
9:55
Who are the two of them?
9:57
He said
9:58
Then he extended his hand and pledged allegiance to him.
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The people pledged their allegiance to him in a beautiful and noble manner.
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In this hadith
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Salim Ibn 'Ubayd, may Allah be pleased with him, mentions
10:12
He was a Companion from among the People of the Suffah.
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This lengthy hadith
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Who gathered a collection of matters pertaining to
10:21
Regarding the news of the passing of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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We pause to reflect upon those aspects of it that remain ambiguous.
10:29
His statement
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, fell into a state of unconsciousness.
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Fainting is when a person loses consciousness.
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He becomes oblivious to everything around him.
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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, fell unconscious.
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Due to the severity of the illness and the pain.
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Then he regained consciousness.
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He then said
10:50
The time for prayer has arrived.
10:52
They replied, "Yes."
10:53
This illustrates for us the status of prayer within the religion of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.
10:58
It is among the most important matters to which a person should attend.
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He commanded Bilal to call the adhan.
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And Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.
11:08
Regarding his statement:
11:09
Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
11:12
"My father is a man of 'asif."
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'Asif is derived from al-asaf.
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Which is intense sorrow.
11:19
The intended meaning is:
11:20
That he is tender-hearted.
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In another narration, she said:
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"If Abu Bakr stands in your place,
11:28
the people will not hear him due to his weeping.
11:31
So command Umar to lead the people in prayer."
11:34
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said,
11:37
after repeating the command three times:
11:40
"Command Abu Bakr
11:42
to lead the people in prayer,
11:44
for you are like the companions of Yusuf."
11:48
The point of comparison between Aisha and the companions of Yusuf
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is that in both cases,
11:55
there was an outward display of one thing while concealing another.
11:58
For Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her,
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showed that her father was tender-hearted,
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while she concealed within herself
12:06
her concern for her father,
12:09
that if he were to stand in that position,
12:11
people might view him as an ill omen.
12:13
Regarding his statement:
12:15
He said:
12:16
"Look for someone I can lean upon."
12:19
Meaning that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
12:22
felt a sense of relief,
12:24
and wished to pray in the mosque.
12:27
So Barirah, the freed slave of Aisha, came,
12:30
and she was Ethiopian,
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along with another man.
12:34
In some narrations, his name is explicitly mentioned,
12:37
and he was Nawbah,
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who was also a slave.
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He leaned upon them both,
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and they proceeded with him to the mosque.
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It is mentioned in the two Sahih collections
12:47
that he leaned upon his uncle al-Abbas
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and upon Ali, may Allah be pleased with them both.
12:53
It has been said
12:54
that he leaned upon Nawbah and Barirah
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until the door of the mosque,
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then al-Abbas and Ali took over
13:01
to his place in the mosque.
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Regarding his statement:
13:05
"When Abu Bakr saw him,"
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he went to step back.
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Meaning, when the Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, caught sight of him,
13:13
he went to retreat,
13:15
and fall back into the row with the people,
13:18
so that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would be the Imam.
13:22
But he signaled for him to remain in his place,
13:26
until Abu Bakr finished his prayer.
13:30
Regarding his statement:
13:31
"Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away."
13:36
The word "then" (thumma) implies a sequence with a delay.
13:39
Meaning that he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
13:42
did not pass away at that very moment,
13:44
but was returned to his house,
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and Abu Bakr led the people in some prayers,
13:50
until he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away
13:53
during the forenoon of Monday.
13:55
The people began to speak
13:57
about the death of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
14:01
Some were certain,
14:03
while others were questioning.
14:05
Umar said:
14:07
"By Allah, I will not hear anyone
14:09
mention that the Messenger of Allah,
14:11
peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, has passed away,
14:13
without striking him with this sword of mine."
14:16
Thinking that he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
14:19
had merely fainted,
14:21
and that he would recover afterwards.
14:24
This was due to the sheer horror of this tragedy.
14:27
Regarding his statement:
14:28
"And the people were unlettered,"
14:31
meaning there had been no prophet among them before this.
14:35
Thus, they were in a state of extreme confusion.
14:39
A tragedy had befallen them that left them stunned.
14:42
Otherwise, had there been a prophet among them before him,
14:45
whose life had ended in death,
14:48
they would have known that his situation was like that of that prophet.
14:53
Regarding his statement:
14:54
The people said:
14:56
"O Salim,
14:57
go to the companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
15:01
and call him."
15:03
And Salim
15:04
is the Companion,
15:05
the narrator of this hadith.
15:07
This is because Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him,
15:10
had sought permission from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
15:13
to go to his family in al-Aliyah,
15:16
and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had granted him permission.
15:20
So Salim came to him,
15:22
while he was sitting in his mosque in al-Aliyah,
15:25
and entered upon him weeping in shock,
15:28
meaning bewildered and in pain,
15:31
devastated by the magnitude of the calamity.
15:34
When Abu Bakr saw him,
15:36
he said:
15:37
"Has the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away?"
15:41
He knew this from his state.
15:44
Regarding his statement:
15:45
He came while the people had already entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
15:51
Meaning they had crowded around his house.
15:54
He said:
15:55
"O people, make way for me."
15:58
Meaning, clear the path for me.
16:00
So they made way for him.
16:02
He came until he leaned over him and touched him,
16:06
meaning he placed his hand on his body.
16:09
As soon as he touched him, he knew that he had passed away.
16:13
So he said:
16:15
“Lo! thou wilt die, and lo! they will die;” (39:30)
16:19
Then the Companions asked Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him,
16:24
about how to wash the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
16:28
and how to pray over him and bury him.
16:31
Then Abu Bakr and Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, went out to the people,
16:36
who were discussing the matter of the Caliphate
16:39
at the Saqifah of Banu Sa'idah.
16:42
Umar said to them:
16:44
"Who possesses these three qualities?"
16:47
Meaning, who has been granted such virtues
16:51
as those granted to Abu Bakr?
16:53
The first virtue
16:57
is the saying of Allah: ﴾The second of two, when they were in the cave﴿.
16:59
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)
17:02
Who else endured the hardship with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in the cave?
17:08
The second virtue
17:10
is the saying of Allah: ﴾His companion﴿.
17:12
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)
17:15
Which of the Companions was explicitly named as his companion in the Qur'an?
17:20
The third virtue
17:22
is the saying of Allah:
17:24
"Indeed, Allah is with us."
17:26
For whom is this special companionship with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him?
17:32
The establishment of these virtues
17:35
proves his right to the Caliphate.
17:38
He said:
17:39
Then he extended his hand and pledged allegiance to him.
17:42
Meaning, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him.
17:45
And the people pledged allegiance to him in a good and beautiful manner,
17:49
as it occurred with clarity and consensus
17:52
from the people of authority (ahl al-hall wa al-'aqd),
17:55
with no coercion or compulsion.
17:59
On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
18:04
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
18:07
experienced the agony of death as he did,
18:10
Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
18:13
"O, what agony!"
18:15
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
18:19
"There is no agony for your father after today."
18:22
"For there has come upon your father
18:25
that which will not spare anyone:
18:28
the meeting on the Day of Resurrection."
18:31
In this hadith,
18:36
Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, says:
18:39
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
18:42
experienced the agony of death as he did,
18:45
meaning when the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, suffered
18:48
from the hardships and throes of death,
18:51
as he suffered,
18:53
Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
18:56
"O, what agony!"
18:58
Meaning, this is a great agony
19:01
and a grave horror.
19:03
This is an expression of pain and suffering.
19:06
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said,
19:09
to console her:
19:11
"There is no agony for your father after today."
19:14
"For there has come upon your father
19:17
that which will not spare anyone."
19:20
Meaning, the calamity of death is universal,
19:24
and realizing this alleviates it.
19:27
And his saying, "the meeting on the Day of Resurrection,"
19:30
means that the reunion will be on the Day of Resurrection.
19:33
The meaning is:
19:36
"Be patient until that day."
19:39
It is mentioned in Sahih al-Bukhari
19:42
on the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
19:45
When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, became heavy,
19:48
he began to be overcome [by the throes of death].
19:51
Fatimah, peace be upon her, said:
19:54
"O, the agony of my father!"
19:57
He said to her: "There is no
20:00
agony for your father after today."
20:03
When he died, she said:
20:06
"O my father, he has answered the Lord who called him.
20:09
O my father, the Garden of
20:12
Firdaws is his abode.
20:15
O my father, to Jibril [we report his death]."
20:18
When he was buried,
20:21
Fatimah, peace be upon her, said:
20:24
"O Anas, are you content
20:27
to cast upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
20:30
the dust?"
20:35
It is narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both,
20:38
that he heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
20:41
say:
20:44
"Whoever among my Ummah has two children who pass away before him,
20:48
'A'ishah asked,
20:51
"And what about one who has only one child who passes away before him from your Ummah?"
20:54
He replied, "And whoever has one."
20:57
"O you who are granted success!"
21:00
She asked, "And what about one who has no child
21:03
from your Ummah [who passes away before him]?"
21:06
He said, "I am a forerunner for my Ummah;
21:09
they will never be afflicted with a loss like the loss of me."
21:14
In this hadith,
21:17
the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
21:20
"Whoever among my Ummah has two children who pass away before him,
21:23
Allah will admit him into Paradise because of them."
21:26
The term *fart* (forerunner) originally
21:29
refers to a man who goes ahead of a group and precedes them
21:32
to find a suitable place for them.
21:35
The intended meaning here
21:38
is a young child.
21:41
The meaning is that whoever loses two children before they reach puberty,
21:44
and remains patient and seeks reward from Allah,
21:47
Allah will admit him into Paradise because of them.
21:50
'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, asked,
21:53
"And what about one who has one child who passes away before him from your Ummah?"
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Meaning, one who has a single child [who passes away].
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Does the reward include him or not?
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The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied,
22:05
"And whoever has one,
22:08
O you who are granted success."
22:12
His statement, peace be upon him,
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to 'A'ishah, "O you who are granted success,"
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means: you are guided to goodness,
22:21
and to such beneficial and useful questions.
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This is one of the virtues of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her;
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may Allah reward her with goodness.
22:30
Her statement,
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"And what about one who has no child who passes away before him from your Ummah?"
22:36
meaning, what is his status?
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The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied,
22:43
"I am a forerunner for my Ummah;
22:46
they will never be afflicted with a loss like the loss of me."
22:49
This means that the affliction of the Ummah
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upon the loss of the Prophet, peace be upon him,
22:55
is greater than the affliction of any person
22:58
upon the loss of a child or more.
23:01
So, whoever is afflicted with a calamity,
23:04
such as the loss of one of their parents,
23:07
or one of their siblings, or one of their children,
23:10
or others,
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let them remember their affliction with the loss of the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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for it is the greatest of all calamities.
23:19
This applies to everyone, whether they lived
23:22
in his time or did not.
23:26
The hadith has more to follow, if Allah wills.
23:29
And Allah knows best.
23:32
May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our Prophet Muhammad.
23:35
May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him and all his companions.