Part of Al-Shama'il Al-Muhammadiyah (the series is completed)
· Lesson 17 of 40
Al-Shamail Al-Muhammadiya | Episode (17) | Chapter on what was mentioned regarding the description of the ablution of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and what he said before and after food
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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With pens of longing,
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And the ink of love,
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We inscribe words more precious than gold,
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In describing the master of all creation,
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Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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The Prophetic Characteristics (Shama'il).
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Chapter: What has been narrated regarding the manner of the Messenger of Allah’s (peace be upon him) ablution before eating.
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The author intends by this chapter,
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The linguistic definition of ablution (wudu'),
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Which is the washing and cleaning of the hands,
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From any dirt, dust, or similar substances that may cling to them.
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Some scholars hold the view that it is recommended both before and after eating.
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On the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both),
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That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
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Came out from the lavatory,
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And food was brought to him.
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They said,
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"Shall we bring you water for ablution?"
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He said,
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"I have only been commanded to perform ablution when I rise for prayer."
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In another narration,
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It was said to him,
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"Will you not perform ablution?"
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He said,
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"Am I about to pray, that I should perform ablution?"
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This hadith indicates,
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That the Prophet (peace be upon him)
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Relieved himself one day,
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Then food was brought to him,
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And they said to him,
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"Shall we bring you water for ablution?"
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By 'ablution' here, they meant the water used for washing.
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He (peace be upon him) said,
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"I have only been commanded to perform ablution when I rise for prayer."
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And in a narration, he said,
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"Am I about to pray, that I should perform ablution?"
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Meaning that the ritual ablution (wudu')
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Is not required when one intends to eat,
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But rather it is for prayer.
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On the authority of Salman (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:
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"I read in the Torah,
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That the blessing of food is the ablution after it."
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So I mentioned this to the Prophet (peace be upon him),
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And informed him of what I had read in the Torah.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
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"The blessing of food
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Is the ablution before it,
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And the ablution after it."
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This hadith indicates,
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That Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him)
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Had read in the Torah,
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And this was before he embraced Islam,
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That the blessing of food is the ablution after it.
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Meaning that among the causes of blessing in food,
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Is that a person washes their hands after finishing it.
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It does not mean the ritual ablution.
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So when he informed the Prophet (peace be upon him)
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Of what he had read in the Torah,
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He (peace be upon him) said to him,
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"The blessing of food
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Is the ablution before it,
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And the ablution after it."
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Meaning that among the causes of blessing in food,
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Is that a person washes their hands before and after eating.
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Scholars have interpreted this hadith as referring to recommendation (istihbab),
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Even though the hadith is weak.
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Chapter: What has been narrated regarding the words of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
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Before eating.
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On the authority of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:
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"We were with the Prophet (peace be upon him) one day,
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And food was brought to him.
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I never saw food that had more blessing than that,
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At the beginning when we ate,
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Nor less blessing at the end."
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We said, "O Messenger of Allah, how is this?"
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He said, "We mentioned the name of Allah when we began to eat,
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Then someone sat down after us who had eaten without mentioning the name of Allah,
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So the devil ate with him."
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This hadith shows that the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
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Sat with the Prophet (peace be upon him) for a meal,
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And they found blessing in it at the beginning,
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Then they lost it at the end.
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They asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about that,
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And he said that they had mentioned the name of Allah when they began to eat,
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Then someone sat with them afterward who ate without mentioning the name of Allah,
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So the devil ate with him,
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And the blessing vanished at that moment.
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This is a weak hadith,
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And it is rendered unnecessary by the hadith of Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) in Sahih Muslim,
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Where he said: "When we were present with the Prophet (peace be upon him) at a meal,
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We would not place our hands until the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) began and placed his hand.
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Once, we were present with him at a meal,
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And a slave girl came as if she were being pushed,
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She went to place her hand in the food,
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But the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took her hand.
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Then a Bedouin came as if he were being pushed,
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And he took his hand.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
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'The devil considers food lawful if the name of Allah is not mentioned over it.
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He brought this girl to make it lawful through her,
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So I took her hand.
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Then he brought this Bedouin to make it lawful through him,
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So I took his hand.
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By Him in whose hand is my soul,
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His hand is in my hand along with her hand.'"
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On the authority of ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
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"If one of you eats and forgets to mention the name of Allah over his food,
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Let him say: 'In the name of Allah at its beginning and its end.'"
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This hadith indicates,
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That if someone eats food and experiences heedlessness or forgetfulness at the beginning,
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And does not mention the name of Allah,
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Then remembers during the meal that they forgot to say the Basmalah at the start,
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They should, in this situation, say:
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"In the name of Allah at its beginning and its end."
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If they say that, the blessing is realized for them, by the permission of Allah.
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This is from the grace and mercy of Allah.
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Mentioning the name of Allah (Tasmiyah) when eating is obligatory, according to the most correct opinion.
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On the authority of ‘Umar Ibn Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him),
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That he entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
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And there was food before him.
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He said...
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This hadith indicates,
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That ‘Umar Ibn Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him)
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Entered upon the Prophet (peace be upon him),
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And found him eating food.
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The Prophet (peace be upon him) invited him, saying,
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"Come close, my son,"
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Meaning, draw near.
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It contains evidence of the Prophet’s (peace be upon him)
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Gentleness and kindness toward children.
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It also indicates that it is permissible for a person to address those who are not their own children with this term,
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Saying to a young child,
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"My son."
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Then the Prophet taught him three etiquettes of eating:
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Mentioning the name of Allah at the beginning,
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Eating with the right hand,
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And eating from what is directly in front of one.
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On the authority of Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
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When the table was cleared from before him, would say:
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"Praise be to Allah, a praise that is abundant, pure, and blessed,
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Neither being abandoned, nor can we do without it, our Lord."
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This hadith indicates,
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That when the Prophet (peace be upon him) finished eating,
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And the table was cleared from before him,
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He would praise Allah, saying:
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"Praise be to Allah, a praise that is abundant, pure, and blessed."
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'Abundant' means a praise that is at the utmost level of abundance,
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For there is no end to His praise, just as there is no end to His blessings.
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'Pure' means sincere, free from showing off or seeking reputation.
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'Blessed'
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Means the permanence, increase, and growth of the goodness within it.
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His saying "neither being abandoned" means not forsaken,
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So that it may not be the last of our food.
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And his saying "nor can we do without it, our Lord,"
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Means we are in need of You, our Lord, and cannot do without You.
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It is narrated in the Musnad on the authority of Khalid Ibn Ma‘dan, who said:
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"We attended a feast for ‘Abd al-A‘la Ibn Hilal,
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And when we finished the food,
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Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said:
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'I have stood in this place, and I am not a preacher,
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Nor do I intend to give a sermon,
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But I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
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Say upon the completion of food:
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Praise be to Allah, abundant, pure, and blessed,
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Neither being sufficient, nor abandoned, nor can we do without it.'
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He said: He kept repeating them to us until we memorized them."
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On the authority of ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said:
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The Prophet (peace be upon him) was eating food with six of his Companions,
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When a Bedouin came and ate it in two mouthfuls.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
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"Had he mentioned the name of Allah, it would have sufficed you all."
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This hadith indicates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was eating food,
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And six of his Companions were eating with him.
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A Bedouin came and sat with them at the food,
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And he ate it in two mouthfuls.
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Meaning he did not mention the name of Allah, so he finished the food in two bites.
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He (peace be upon him) said,
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"Had he mentioned the name of Allah..." and in another narration:
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"Had he said 'In the name of Allah,' it would have sufficed you."
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Meaning, the food would have been sufficient for you.
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This hadith shows that mentioning the name of Allah is a cause for obtaining blessing in food,
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And that not mentioning it is a cause for the removal of blessing.
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It also shows the coarseness of the Bedouins and their ignorance of the rulings,
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And that the mention of the name of Allah by some at the meal does not suffice for the others.
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On the authority of Anas Ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
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"Indeed, Allah is pleased with the servant who eats a meal and praises Him for it,
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Or drinks a drink and praises Him for it."
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This hadith,
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Guides us to an action through which Allah is pleased with us,
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Which is that when a person eats a meal—that is, a single instance of eating, like lunch or dinner—
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They should praise Allah after finishing the food.
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If they do that, they attain the pleasure of Allah.
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There are various formulas for praising Allah (Tahmid) that have been narrated,
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And a servant should learn them and vary them,
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He would perform it in one way at times, and in another way at other times.
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Even if he had limited himself to saying "al-hamdulillah," the fundamental Sunnah would have been fulfilled.
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There is more to this hadith, if Allah wills.
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And Allah knows best, and may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our Prophet Muhammad.
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And upon all of his family and his Companions.