Part of Treasures of the Prophetic Biography (series completed)
· Lesson 54 of 58
Treasures of biography | Sheikh Othman Al-Khamis | Episode (54) | Lamentation of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace
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Transcript
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
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The washing and burial of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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On Tuesday,
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they washed the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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without removing his garments.
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Those who undertook the washing of the Prophet, peace be upon him, were
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al-'Abbas, 'Ali, and Qutham,
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along with al-Fadl ibn al-'Abbas,
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Shuqran, the freedman of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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Usamah ibn Zayd,
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and Aws ibn Khawli.
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Al-'Abbas, al-Fadl, and Qutham
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turned the body of the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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while Usamah and Shuqran
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poured the water,
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and 'Ali performed the washing.
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Aws supported him against his chest, peace be upon him.
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Then they shrouded him in three white cotton garments,
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containing neither a shirt nor a turban.
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They wrapped him in them completely.
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There was a difference of opinion regarding the burial of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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Abu Bakr said,
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"I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say:
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'No prophet is taken [in death]
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except that he is buried where he was taken.'"
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So they lifted the bed upon which he, peace be upon him, had passed away,
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dug beneath it, and made the grave a *lahd* (a side-niche).
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'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
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"I saw three moons fall into my room."
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This was a dream.
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I asked her father, Abu Bakr, and he said,
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"If your vision is true, three of the best people on earth will be buried in your house."
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And indeed, the best of the people on earth was buried there,
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namely the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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then Abu Bakr,
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then 'Umar ibn al-Khattab,
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may Allah be pleased with them both.
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People entered the room in groups,
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not all at once, but separately,
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because the room was small,
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to pray over the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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No one led them in prayer.
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His relatives prayed over him first,
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then the Muhajirun,
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then the Ansar,
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then the women prayed over him after the men,
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and then the children.
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No group prayed over him collectively.
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It is said this was for two reasons:
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The first:
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So that each one of them could personally perform the prayer over him, peace be upon him.
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The second:
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So that the prayer would be repeated by every individual,
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resulting in many prayers being offered for him, peace be upon him.
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The prayer over him continued throughout Monday and Tuesday,
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until the night of Wednesday arrived.
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'A'ishah said,
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"We did not know of the burial of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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until we heard the sound of shovels in the middle of the night of Wednesday,"
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the night in which he, peace be upon him, was buried.
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Ibn Mas'ud said,
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"I would rather swear nine times that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was killed,
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than swear once that he was not killed."
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This is because Allah chose him as a prophet
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and made him a martyr,
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as the Almighty said:
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"If he dies or is killed..."
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Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
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And Medina grew dark.
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Anas said,
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"I have never seen a day
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more beautiful or radiant than the day the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, entered upon us,
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and I have never seen a day more ugly or dark than the day he, peace be upon him, died."
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We had not yet dusted the earth from our hands after burying the Messenger of Allah,
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when we felt our hearts had changed.
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Ibn Kathir said,
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"Its chain of narration meets the criteria of the two Sahihs."
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When the Prophet, peace be upon him, died,
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Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
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"O my father,
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he has answered the Lord who called him.
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O my father,
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his abode is in the highest Paradise (Firdaws).
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O my father,
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we announce his death to Jibril."
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This is not the prohibited form of wailing,
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but rather the permissible announcement of death.
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As for the wailing that involves raising the voice, tearing clothes, and pulling hair,
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that is what is forbidden,
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as the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
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"I am free of those who shave their hair, raise their voices in grief, or tear their clothes."
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When he, peace be upon him, was buried,
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Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:
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"O Anas,
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how could your souls bear to cast earth upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him?"
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She meant that the burial of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and the casting of earth upon him
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was contrary to what she knew of their tender hearts toward him and their intense love for him.
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Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, remained silent and did not answer her,
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out of consideration for her feelings.
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His state of being said:
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"Our souls could not bear it,
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but we did it in compliance with his command."
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'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, stood,
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the news having driven him out of his senses,
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unable to believe that the Prophet, peace be upon him, had died.
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He said, "Some of the hypocrites
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claim that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, has passed away.
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But the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, has not died;
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rather, he has gone to his Lord just as Musa ibn 'Imran went to meet his Lord,
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disappearing from his people for forty nights,
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then returning to them after it was said he had died.
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By Allah, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, will surely return,
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and he will surely cut off the hands and feet of men who claim he has died."
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Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
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Steadfastness during calamity.
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Abu Bakr arrived from al-Sunh.
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This was because when the Prophet showed his noble face to the Muslims
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while they were praying the dawn prayer
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on the day he died,
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Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, thought he had recovered.
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So he asked the Messenger of Allah for permission to go to his wife in al-Sunh,
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who was Habibah bint Kharijah.
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As soon as the news of the death of the Prophet, peace be upon him, reached him,
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he returned and entered the mosque,
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without speaking to the people.
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Then he entered the house of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, to see 'A'ishah.
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He approached the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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who was covered with a garment.
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He uncovered his face,
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then leaned over him, kissed him between his eyes, and wept.
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Then he said,
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"May my father and mother be sacrificed for you!
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How pleasant you were in life and in death!
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Allah will not cause you to experience two deaths.
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As for the death that was decreed for you, you have already experienced it."
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Then Abu Bakr went out,
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and found 'Umar speaking to the people.
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He said,
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"Sit down, O 'Umar."
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But 'Umar refused to sit.
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So he left him and turned to the people,
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and the people turned to him.
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Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
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"To proceed:
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Whoever among you worshipped Muhammad, peace be upon him,
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then Muhammad has indeed died.
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And whoever among you worshipped Allah,
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then Allah is Ever-Living and does not die."
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Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said:
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"Muhammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him.
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So if he was to die or be killed,
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would you turn back on your heels?
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And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allah at all;
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but Allah will reward the grateful."
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Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
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"By Allah, it was as if the people did not know that Allah had revealed this verse
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until Abu Bakr recited it.
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Then all the people received it from him,
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and I heard everyone reciting it."
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'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
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"By Allah, as soon as I heard Abu Bakr recite it,
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I was struck down until my legs could not support me,
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and I fell to the ground when I heard him recite it.
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I knew then that the Prophet, peace be upon him, had died."
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Ibn 'Umar said,
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"When Abu Bakr read the verse,
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it was as if there had been veils over our faces that were then lifted."
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Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
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The inheritance of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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'Amr ibn al-Harith said:
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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, did not leave behind a dinar, a slave, or a maidservant,
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except for his white mule that he used to ride, and his weapons."
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Finally, we say:
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Everyone dies.
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The disobedient die,
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and the obedient die.
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The messengers die,
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and the enemies of the messengers die.
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Those who are near and those who are far,
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the rich and the poor,
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the old and the young,
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the men and the women,
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everyone dies.
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Where are the mighty Chosroes of old?
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They gathered treasures, yet neither the treasures remained nor did they.
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Everyone whose army filled the vast expanse of the earth,
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eventually fell, and a narrow grave contained him.
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They are silent when called, as if they never knew
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that speech was once theirs to command.
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Death is coming, and souls are precious,
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and the one deceived by what he possesses is a fool.
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Allah, the Blessed and Exalted,
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moved His Prophet, peace be upon him,
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from this fleeting abode
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to eternal bliss,
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in a lofty station and a high degree,
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in Paradise, than which there is nothing higher or more sublime,
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Just as the Almighty said:
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“And verily the latter portion will be better for thee than the former,” (93:4)
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“And verily thy Lord will give unto thee so that thou wilt be content.” (93:5)
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After he had completed the mission of the message,
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Which Allah the Almighty commanded him to convey,
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And he gave sincere counsel to his Ummah,
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And guided them to the best of what he knew for them,
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And warned them and forbade them from what would harm them,
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In their worldly life and their hereafter.
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The Blessed and Exalted said:
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﴾Every soul shall taste death.﴿
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And He said: ﴾Indeed, you are to die, and indeed, they are to die.﴿
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And He said: ﴾Muhammad is not but a messenger.﴿
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﴾[Other] messengers have passed on before him.﴿
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﴾So if he were to die or be killed,﴿
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﴾Would you turn back on your heels?﴿
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“Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144)
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“Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144)
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﴾And Allah will reward the grateful.﴿
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And the Blessed and Exalted said:
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“We appointed immortality for no mortal before thee. What! if thou diest, can they be immortal!” (21:34)
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﴾If he dies, are they the ones to remain forever?﴿
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And the Almighty said:
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“And cry not unto any other god along with Allah. There is no Allah save Him. Everything will perish save His countenance. His is the command, and unto Him ye will be brought back.” (28:88)
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And He said: ﴾Everyone upon the earth will perish.﴿
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And He said: ﴾Everyone upon the earth will perish.﴿
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“There remaineth but the Countenance of thy Lord of Might and Glory.” (55:27)
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The lamentation for the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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Much poetry was recited regarding the passing of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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There is a great deal of such poetry.
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Among that which was said is:
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"The past generations have never lost the likes of Muhammad,
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Nor will his like be lost until the Day of Resurrection."
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Abu Sufyan Ibn al-Harith said,
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The cousin of the Prophet, peace be upon him:
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"My eyes were kept awake, and my night would not pass,
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And the night of one afflicted with such a tragedy is long.
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Weeping brought me relief, for that which has afflicted
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The Muslims is a grave matter.
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Our calamity has become immense and overwhelming,
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On the evening it was said that the Messenger had been taken.
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Our earth has become, because of what has befallen it,
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As if its very foundations are trembling beneath us.
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We have lost the revelation and the descent of the Qur'an among us,
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Which Gabriel would bring and take away.
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That is the most deserving of what people’s souls should weep over, or nearly weep.
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A Prophet who would dispel our doubts
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Through what was revealed to him and what he would say.
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He would guide us, so we feared no misguidance,
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While the Messenger was our guide.
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O Fatimah, if you grieve, that is an excuse,
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And if you do not grieve, that is also a path.
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For your father’s grave is the master of all graves,
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And within it lies the master of mankind, the Messenger."
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Among that which was recited in lamentation for him, peace be upon him,
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Is what Abdullah Ibn Unays said:
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"My night has grown long, and calamities have beset me,
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And a grave matter has gathered all misfortunes.
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Our morning came with the announcer of Muhammad’s death to us,
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A sound that makes the ears deafen.
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If the death of a soul could be averted by the death of my own, I would have sacrificed it,
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But no one can avert death when it comes.
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I swore that I would not praise the dead
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Among men, as long as Mount Thabir and the mountain pass remain,
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But I am weeping for him and following
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His tragedy, for to Allah I belong and to Him I shall return."
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With this, we were commanded to speak.
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“Who say, when a misfortune striketh them: Lo! we are Allah's and lo! unto Him we are returning.” (2:156)
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Lamenting the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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Hassan Ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him,
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Lamented the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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Saying: "In Taybah (Madinah) there is a trace and a station of the Messenger,
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Radiant, though traces may fade and become desolate.
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The signs of a sacred house do not vanish,
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Where the pulpit of the Guide, which he used to ascend, stood.
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There are chambers and remaining landmarks,
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And a courtyard for him, containing a place of prayer and a mosque.
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There are chambers where there would descend into their midst
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A light from Allah, illuminating and burning bright.
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Landmarks whose signs have not been erased by the passage of time,
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Though decay has reached them, their signs are renewed.
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I recognized the trace of the Messenger and his station there,
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May no one who is buried in the earth be like him.
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I remained there weeping for the Messenger, and my eyes were aided
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By other eyes, and likewise, the eyelids shed tears.
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They recall the favors of the Messenger, and I see no one
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Who can enumerate them, so my soul is stunned."
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Hassan also said:
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"What is the matter with your eyes that they do not sleep, as if
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Out of grief for the Guided One who has now become a resident of the grave?
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O best of those who have walked upon the earth, do not depart!
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Woe to the Ansar of the Prophet and his kin,
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After his disappearance into the depths of the grave.
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May my side be shielded from the dust; I wish, alas, that I
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Were the one buried in the grave instead of him.
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O son of Aminah, whose mention is blessed,
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Born of a chaste woman, in the most auspicious of times."
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And Ka'b Ibn Malik said: "O eye, weep
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With flowing tears for the best of creation and the Chosen One.
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Weep for the Messenger, for he is worthy of being wept over,
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In times of war and at the meeting of armies.
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For the best of those whom a she-camel has carried,
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And the most pious of creation in times of piety.
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A delight to the army, the best of mankind, and the best of those who give.
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He possesses a lineage above all mankind,
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From Hashim, he is the one hoped for.
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We single out what he possessed of virtue,
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For he was a lamp for us in the darkness,
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And he was a bringer of glad tidings and a warner,
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And a light for us, whose radiance has shone.
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He saved us by his mercy from the blazing fire."
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And there is much other poetry besides this,
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Of what was said about our Messenger Muhammad, peace be upon him.
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From Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said:
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After the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was buried,
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At the dawn of Thursday, Bilal gave the call to prayer for the dawn.
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When he mentioned the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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It increased our sorrow.
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He, peace be upon him, was buried in the chamber of 'A'ishah,
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May Allah be pleased with her. When Abu Bakr died,
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He was buried with him, and his head was between the shoulders of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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When 'Umar died, he was buried with them,
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And his head was at the feet of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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When the wall of 'A'ishah’s house collapsed,
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The house of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, in the time of al-Walid Ibn 'Abd al-Malik,
19:14
They began to rebuild it, and a foot appeared to them; they were alarmed and thought it was the foot of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
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No one could be found who knew that, until 'Urwah Ibn al-Zubayr Ibn al-'Awwam said to them:
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"It is nothing but the foot of 'Umar."
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Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).