Summary of Sunni concepts | 65- Concepts about the meaning of temptation and those it affects

0:00 A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

0:08 The meaning of fitnah (tribulation/trial).

0:11 The term "fatana al-ma'din" (the metal was tested) implies a process of melting and refining.

0:14 It refers to smelting it in fire to test its quality.

0:17 And when one says "fatana fulanan" (he tested so-and-so).

0:19 It means he tormented him to force him to abandon his religion.

0:22 And "fatana-hu" means he cast him into hardship to test him.

0:27 The comprehensive definition of fitnah, as stated by al-Azhari in his *Tahdhib al-Lughah*.

0:32 Is that it signifies trial and examination.

0:34 Fitnah appears in the Qur'an with many meanings.

0:38 Among the most important of these:

0:40 First: Fitnah in the sense of examination and testing.

0:44 From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:

0:46 “Do men imagine that they will be left (at ease) because they say, We believe, and will not be tested with affliction?” (29:2)

0:53 Included in this are the trials of women, positions of authority, and calamities.

0:58 Second:

1:00 Fitnah in the sense of polytheism (shirk) and disbelief (kufr).

1:03 From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:

1:05 “And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is all for Allah. But if they cease, then lo! Allah is Seer of what they do.” (8:39)

1:12 And His saying, Almighty and Majestic is He:

1:14 “And slay them wherever ye find them, and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out, for persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Inviolable Place of Worship until they first attack you there, but if they attack you (there) then slay them. Such is the reward of disbelievers.” (2:191)

1:17 Third:

1:18 Fitnah in the sense of torment.

1:21 From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:

1:23 "The Day they are tormented [yuftanun] by the Fire."

1:26 Fourth:

1:28 Fitnah in the sense of fighting and discord among people.

1:32 This is mentioned in the warnings of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

1:37 Among these is his saying, peace be upon him:

1:41 "I see the sites of fitnah falling throughout your houses like the falling of rain."

1:47 Agreed upon.

1:49 And his saying, peace be upon him:

1:52 "There will be tribulations."

1:54 "The one who sits during them is better than the one who stands."

1:57 The hadith.

1:59 Agreed upon.

2:01 Fifth:

2:03 Fitnah in the sense of sin and misguidance.

2:06 From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:

2:08 “Ye cannot excite (anyone) against Him.” (37:162)

2:11 “Save him who is to burn in hell.” (37:163)

2:14 If we contemplate the previous definitions and their types,

2:19 We see that they are either a cause for falling into sin,

2:24 Or they are the sin itself,

2:26 Or they are the consequence of falling into sin,

2:29 Which is torment in this world and the Hereafter.

2:32 The stance toward them:

2:34 Abhorrence and caution against them.

2:37 Al-Raghib says:

2:39 Fitnah is among the actions that originate from Allah the Exalted and from the servant.

2:44 Such as affliction, calamity, killing, and torment,

2:48 And other disagreeable actions.

2:51 Whenever it is from Allah the Exalted,

2:53 It is according to His wisdom,

2:55 And Allah the Exalted is praised for it.

2:58 And whenever it is from a human without the command of Allah the Exalted,

3:02 It is blameworthy.

3:04 Tribulations, in terms of those affected by them, are of three categories:

3:09 First: Private tribulations.

3:14 These are a man's trials regarding his family and wealth,

3:17 His children and his neighbor,

3:19 And the individual calamities that befall him.

3:22 Second: General tribulations.

3:25 These are the ones that encompass all people,

3:28 As in the saying of Allah the Exalted:

3:30 “And guard yourselves against a chastisement which cannot fall exclusively on those of you who are wrong-doers, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (8:25)

3:36 These are the ones described as surging like the waves of the sea,

3:40 And like pieces of a dark night.

3:43 This type of tribulation,

3:45 Has many forms.

3:47 Among the most important and dangerous of them:

3:49 The tribulation of division, disagreement, and infighting.

3:53 Among them are the tribulations of the spread of sins and innovations (bid'ah).

3:56 Among them are the tribulations of the disbelievers gaining power over the Muslims,

4:00 And rendering them weak.

4:02 Among them is the tribulation of Westernization and fascination,

4:05 With Western civilization.

4:07 Among them is the tribulation of tyrants gaining power over the Muslims,

4:11 And ruling them by other than the law of Allah, Almighty and Majestic is He.

4:15 Among them are the tribulations of doubts and desires,

4:18 And the clothing of truth with falsehood,

4:20 Which have reached their peak and zenith in our contemporary reality,

4:24 Following the emergence of the internet and smartphones.

4:28 Among them are the tribulations of wealth through the consumption of usury (riba) and prohibited sales and contracts.

4:34 Among them is the tribulation of women, their immodesty, and their intermingling with men,

4:39 And other such general tribulations.

4:42 Third:

4:44 Tribulations that affect specific groups of people.

4:47 These are tribulations between private and general ones,

4:51 As they are not restricted to a single individual,

4:54 Nor do they encompass all people,

4:56 Rather, specific groups of people become involved in them.

5:00 The most prominent of these groups are three:

5:03 The first: The Khawarij group,

5:06 Who fell into the tribulation of declaring Muslims to be disbelievers (takfir),

5:10 And deeming their blood permissible,

5:12 Claiming that they are fulfilling the duty of enjoining good and forbidding evil,

5:18 So that there would be no "fitnah," according to their claim.

5:22 The second:

5:23 The Murji'ah group and the people of immorality,

5:26 Who neglected the duty of enjoining good and forbidding evil and corruption,

5:31 For fear of "fitnah," according to their claim.

5:34 Among these today,

5:36 Are those who criticize the callers to Islam and the scholars of the Sunnah,

5:40 For their speaking the truth openly,

5:41 And their forbidding of evil and enjoining of good,

5:45 Accusing them of rebelling against the rulers,

5:48 Causing tribulations, and destabilizing security.

5:51 They do not know that the true fitnah is abandoning the enjoining of good and forbidding of evil according to its legal guidelines.

5:57 The third:

5:59 The group that desires safety in the call to Islam,

6:03 A group that wants safety in the call and in striving (jihad) in the path of Allah,

6:08 And does not want to be afflicted with harm or annoyance in this path,

6:13 Claiming that they are avoiding falling into fitnah.

6:17 They do not know that being tested in the path of Allah the Exalted,

6:21 Is a fixed Sunnah among the Sunnahs of Allah, Almighty and Majestic is He,

6:25 And that abandoning the call and jihad under the pretext of avoiding the test,

6:29 Is itself part of the fitnah they sought to escape,

6:33 So they fell into it.

6:36 Allah the Exalted said regarding such people:

6:47 And He, Glory be to Him, warned against those with this characteristic by saying:

7:05 A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

Summary of Sunni concepts | 65- Concepts about the meaning of temptation and those it affects | Concepts (1051-1052)

Transcript