Part of Concepts of Ahl as-Sunnah — Collected Episodes (series completed)
· Lesson 13 of 77
Sunni concepts | 62- Concepts about common social norms between believers and unbelievers | Concepts (1002-1032)
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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A summary of the concepts of the Sunnah of the People of the Sunnah.
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Many social Sunnahs (divine laws) overlap with one another.
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So that minds are not bewildered when contemplating the verses regarding Allah’s Sunnah in societies and applying them to reality,
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it should be known that many of these Sunnahs overlap with each other.
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They operate according to the will of Allah the Almighty and His wisdom in managing affairs.
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For example, the Sunnah of repulsion between truth and falsehood entails the Sunnah of alternation between them.
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Accompanying these are the Sunnahs of distinguishing truth from falsehood, and the believers from the disbelievers.
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And the Sunnahs of testing the believers, purifying them, granting respite to the disbelievers, and leading them on by degrees.
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And the Sunnah of the ultimate outcome belonging to the righteous believers.
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Among the clearest proofs of this are verses 137 to 141 of Surah Al 'Imran.
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The verses began by urging contemplation of Allah’s Sunnah in societies and their consequences.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾Similar ways (and mishaps of life) have passed away before you, so travel through the earth, and see what was the end of those who rejected truth.﴿
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Then, verse 139 clarified the condition of achieving faith for the Muslims to attain superiority.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾So do not become weak, nor be sad, and you will be superior (in victory) if you are indeed (true) believers.﴿
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Verse 140 mentioned both the Sunnahs of testing and the alternation between truth and falsehood, as well as the distinguishing of the believers.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾If a wound (and killing) has touched you, be sure a similar wound (and killing) has touched the others. And so are the days (good and not so good), We give to men by turns.﴿
2:03
“If ye have received a blow, the (disbelieving) people have received a blow the like thereof. These are (only) the vicissitudes which We cause to follow one another for mankind, to the end that Allah may know those who believe and may choose witnesses from among you; and Allah loveth not wrong-doers.” (3:140)
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Verse 141 also mentioned the two Sunnahs of purifying the believers and destroying the disbelievers.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾And that Allah may test (or purify) the believers and destroy the disbelievers.﴿
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All these Sunnahs were mentioned in the preceding verses, linked to one another by the conjunction 'wa' (and).
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This conjunction necessitates the absolute combination of the linked items.
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Therefore, divine Sunnahs should be viewed as linked to one another and occurring simultaneously.
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They should not be viewed as independent of one another.
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For social Sunnahs to be realized, there are conditions and impediments.
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If the conditions are met and the impediments are removed, the Sunnah occurs by the permission of Allah.
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The Sunnah of victory and empowerment requires the realization of faith.
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﴾And you will be superior if you are indeed believers.﴿
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And Allah the Almighty said:
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“Verily We sent before thee (Muhammad) messengers to their own folk. Then we took vengeance upon those who were guilty (in regard to them). To help believers is ever incumbent upon Us.” (30:47)
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Its realization is prevented by conflict among the believers.
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Allah the Almighty says in the context of striving against the disbelievers:
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“And obey Allah and His messenger, and dispute not one with another lest ye falter and your strength depart from you; but be steadfast! Lo! Allah is with the steadfast.” (8:46)
3:36
Just as the Sunnah of punishment is prevented by seeking forgiveness.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“But Allah would not punish them while thou wast with them, nor will He punish them while they seek forgiveness.” (8:33)
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“But Allah would not punish them while thou wast with them, nor will He punish them while they seek forgiveness.” (8:33)
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The Sunnah of guidance and misguidance.
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There is no doubt that guidance or misguidance
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are by the will of Allah the Almighty and His prevailing decree.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“Those who deny Our revelations are deaf and dumb in darkness. Whom Allah will sendeth astray, and whom He will He placeth on a straight path.” (6:39)
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And He the Almighty says:
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“And whomsoever it is Allah's will to guide, He expandeth his bosom unto the Surrender, and whomsoever it is His Will to send astray, He maketh his bosom close and narrow as if he were engaged in sheer ascent. Thus Allah layeth ignominy upon those who believe not.” (6:125)
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“And whomsoever it is Allah's will to guide, He expandeth his bosom unto the Surrender, and whomsoever it is His Will to send astray, He maketh his bosom close and narrow as if he were engaged in sheer ascent. Thus Allah layeth ignominy upon those who believe not.” (6:125)
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“And whomsoever it is Allah's will to guide, He expandeth his bosom unto the Surrender, and whomsoever it is His Will to send astray, He maketh his bosom close and narrow as if he were engaged in sheer ascent. Thus Allah layeth ignominy upon those who believe not.” (6:125)
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“And whomsoever it is Allah's will to guide, He expandeth his bosom unto the Surrender, and whomsoever it is His Will to send astray, He maketh his bosom close and narrow as if he were engaged in sheer ascent. Thus Allah layeth ignominy upon those who believe not.” (6:125)
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No one, whoever they may be, has the power to guide those whom Allah has decreed to be misguided.
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Nor to misguide those whom Allah has decreed to be guided.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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﴾Whomsoever Allah guides, he is the guided one, but whomsoever He sends astray, for him you will find no guiding friend (or helper).﴿
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﴾And whomsoever Allah guides, none can lead him astray.﴿
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And He the Almighty says:
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“Lo! thou (O Muhammad) guidest not whom thou lovest, but Allah guideth whom He will. And He is Best Aware of those who walk aright.” (28:56)
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﴾And He knows best those who are guided.﴿
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However, this will and decree from Allah the Almighty
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is linked to His supreme attributes,
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such as knowledge, wisdom, mercy, grace, or justice.
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Allah the Almighty does not place guidance except in the heart of one who deserves it,
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from among those whom He, Glory be to Him, knows love guidance,
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and who submit and turn to the truth when it becomes clear to them.
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So He helps and grants them success in that.
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Just as He places misguidance in the heart of one who deserves it,
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from among those whom He knows turn away from the guidance for which He sent the messengers.
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So He abandons them and leaves them to themselves.
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Whoever Allah abandons will undoubtedly go astray and perish.
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Thus, guidance, just as it is according to the will and power of Allah,
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is also the requirement of Allah’s grace, mercy, knowledge, and wisdom.
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That is why Allah said regarding those who deserve guidance:
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“He hath ordained for you that religion which He commended unto Noah, and that which We inspire in thee (Muhammad), and that which We commended unto Abraham and Moses and Jesus, saying: Establish the religion, and be not divided therein. Dreadful for the idolaters is that unto which thou callest them. Allah chooseth for Himself whom He will, and guideth unto Himself him who turneth (toward Him).” (42:13)
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And He said: ﴾While as for those who accept guidance, He increases their guidance and bestows on them their piety.﴿
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And He, the Almighty, said: ﴾Wherewith Allah guides all those who seek His Good Pleasure to paths of peace.﴿
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“Whereby Allah guideth him who seeketh His good pleasure unto paths of peace. He bringeth them out of darkness unto light by His decree, and guideth them unto a straight path.” (5:16)
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“Whereby Allah guideth him who seeketh His good pleasure unto paths of peace. He bringeth them out of darkness unto light by His decree, and guideth them unto a straight path.” (5:16)
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And misguidance, just as it is according to the will and power of Allah,
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is also the requirement of His justice, knowledge, and wisdom.
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That is why Allah the Almighty said regarding those who deserve misguidance:
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“And (remember) when Moses said unto his people: O my people! Why persecute ye me, when ye well know that I am Allah's messenger unto you? So when they went astray Allah sent their hearts astray. And Allah guideth not the evil-living folk.” (61:5)
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﴾And Allah guides not the people who are the Fasiqun (disobedient, polytheists, and wrongdoers).﴿
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And He the Almighty says: ﴾Verily, those who believe not in the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of Allah, Allah will not guide them.﴿
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﴾And theirs will be a painful torment.﴿
7:01
“Surely pure religion is for Allah only. And those who choose protecting friends beside Him (say): We worship them only that they may bring us near unto Allah. Lo! Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Lo! Allah guideth not him who is a liar, an ingrate.” (39:3)
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The absolute divine will does not conflict with Allah’s knowledge and wisdom,
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nor with His justice, grace, and mercy.
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Allah the Almighty has said: ﴾And your Lord is not at all unjust to (His) slaves.﴿
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The human intellect, limited by the constraints of time and space,
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is not in a position to judge the relationships and connections between divine will and human activity and orientation.
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Rather, all of this is left to the managing, all-encompassing will and the complete, absolute knowledge.
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This is the secret of Allah the Almighty in His decree and His prevailing judgment.
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So, one should not occupy oneself with that to the neglect of the purpose for which one was created.
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And let one be certain that Allah would not burden a soul beyond what it can bear.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned.﴿
8:11
Testing is an established Sunnah.
8:20
Allah the Almighty says: ﴾Who has created death and life, that He may test you which of you is best in deed.﴿
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And He the Almighty says: ﴾Do people think that they will be left alone because they say: "We believe," and will not be tested?﴿
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“Lo! We tested those who were before you. Thus Allah knoweth those who are sincere, and knoweth those who feign.” (29:3)
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Testing through evil and good.
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Just as testing occurs through evil, it also occurs through good.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾And We shall make a trial of you with evil and with good (by way of) trial. And to Us you will be returned.﴿
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And the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: "Amazing is the affair of the believer, for all of his affairs are good.
9:13
And this is not the case for anyone except the believer; if prosperity comes to him, he is grateful, and that is good for him.
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And if adversity comes to him, he is patient, and that is good for him." (Narrated by Muslim).
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Testing is a trial for the person to see how they act in response to it.
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What is required, as the hadith clarified, is patience when tested with adversity,
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and gratitude when tested with prosperity.
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Gratitude, just as it is expressed in words, is also expressed through one's state,
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by using the blessing in obedience to Allah, thereby preserving it and not denying it.
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Testing through adversity varies between illness, weakness, poverty, deprivation,
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torture, harm, and so on.
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All of this is a test of the extent of the tested person's endurance and patience in the face of the trial,
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and their sincerity toward their Lord and hope in His mercy.
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Despite the severity of this type of testing,
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many people stand firm because it is clear to them,
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and because it stirs within them the latent potential for challenge and resistance.
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As for testing through prosperity—such as health, strength, wealth, possessions,
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positions, comfort, and joy—it causes many to become relaxed,
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and causes them to lose the ability to be vigilant and resist temptation.
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So they fail the test and forget the duty of being grateful for these blessings.
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Some of the salaf spoke truly when they said:
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"We were tested with adversity, and we were patient;
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but we were tested with prosperity, and we were not patient."
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Testing through evil is not a criterion or proof of humiliation,
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just as testing through good is not proof of honor.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“As for man, whenever his Lord trieth him by honouring him, and is gracious unto him, he saith: My Lord honoureth me.” (89:15)
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“But whenever He trieth him by straitening his means of life, he saith: My Lord despiseth me.” (89:16)
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No, honor and humiliation do not revolve around wealth and the abundance or restriction of provision.
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Bestowing abundance upon a disbeliever is not for his honor.
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Allah the Almighty says: ﴾Do they think that in wealth and children with which We enlarge them, We hasten unto them with good things? Nay, but they perceive not.﴿
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And restricting provision for a believer is not for his humiliation; rather, all of this is a test from Allah for His servants according to His wisdom and knowledge.
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Honor for a person is through his guidance to know his Lord, love Him, and obey Him.
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And humiliation is through his misguidance, turning away from his Lord, and disobeying Him.
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The causes and purposes of testing.
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It should be known that whatever calamity or trial befalls a person,
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it is only because of something from them and what their hands have earned by doing what is contrary to what is best,
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or by falling into sin, disobedience, injustice, disbelief, and so on.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“Whatever of misfortune striketh you, it is what your right hands have earned. And He forgiveth much.” (42:30)
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And He the Almighty says:
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“And was it so, when a disaster smote you, though ye had smitten (them with a disaster) twice (as great), that ye said: How is this? Say (unto them, O Muhammad): It is from yourselves. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.” (3:165)
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“And was it so, when a disaster smote you, though ye had smitten (them with a disaster) twice (as great), that ye said: How is this? Say (unto them, O Muhammad): It is from yourselves. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.” (3:165)
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The verses in this regard are numerous.
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Nevertheless, some who look at the texts that clarify the purpose of testing may be bewildered,
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and the matter may become confused for them:
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Is it a punishment and torment for the one being tested?
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Or is it an expiation for sins and faults?
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Or is it an elevation of ranks?
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Or is it a test for distinction and purification?
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For clarification, the purpose of testing may be any of what was mentioned,
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or a combination of more than one purpose.
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This varies according to the person being tested.
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For the disbeliever, it is a punishment and torment,
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and a warning so that perhaps they may return from their disbelief and error.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“And verily We make them taste the lower punishment before the greater, that haply they may return.” (32:21)
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The lesser torment is the torment of this world,
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and the greater torment is the torment of the Hereafter.
14:11
For the disobedient believers, it is an expiation for faults and sins,
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and also so that perhaps they may return.
14:19
As the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
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"The trial will continue to afflict the believing man and woman in their self, their children, and their wealth,
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until they meet Allah with no sin upon them."
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(Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi).
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And the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
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"No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness,
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nor hurt, nor distress befalls a Muslim,
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even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn,
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but that Allah expiates some of his sins for that."
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(Narrated by Al-Bukhari).
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For the prophets and the righteous, it is an elevation of ranks.
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The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
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"The people most severely tested are the prophets,
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then the next best, then the next best.
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A man is tested according to his religion."
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In one narration: "according to the strength of his religion."
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"If his religion is firm,
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his trial is intensified.
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And if there is softness in his religion,
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he is tested according to his religion."
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(Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi and Ahmad).
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Generally, it is for distinction and purification,
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as Allah the Almighty said:
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“Do men imagine that they will be left (at ease) because they say, We believe, and will not be tested with affliction?” (29:2)
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﴾And will not be tested?﴿
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“Lo! We tested those who were before you. Thus Allah knoweth those who are sincere, and knoweth those who feign.” (29:3)
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So that Allah may know those who are truthful,
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and so that He may know the liars.
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And He the Almighty says:
15:49
“It is not (the purpose) of Allah to leave you in your present state till He shall separate the wicked from the good. And it is not (the purpose of) Allah to let you know the Unseen. But Allah chooseth of His messengers whom He will, (to receive knowledge thereof). So believe in Allah and His messengers. If ye believe and ward off (evil), yours will be a vast reward.” (3:179)
15:54
“It is not (the purpose) of Allah to leave you in your present state till He shall separate the wicked from the good. And it is not (the purpose of) Allah to let you know the Unseen. But Allah chooseth of His messengers whom He will, (to receive knowledge thereof). So believe in Allah and His messengers. If ye believe and ward off (evil), yours will be a vast reward.” (3:179)
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The Sunnah of distinguishing the wicked from the good.
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The Sunnah of distinguishing the wicked from the good
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follows the Sunnah of testing,
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or arises from it.
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For the saying of Allah the Almighty:
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“It is not (the purpose) of Allah to leave you in your present state till He shall separate the wicked from the good. And it is not (the purpose of) Allah to let you know the Unseen. But Allah chooseth of His messengers whom He will, (to receive knowledge thereof). So believe in Allah and His messengers. If ye believe and ward off (evil), yours will be a vast reward.” (3:179)
16:18
“It is not (the purpose) of Allah to leave you in your present state till He shall separate the wicked from the good. And it is not (the purpose of) Allah to let you know the Unseen. But Allah chooseth of His messengers whom He will, (to receive knowledge thereof). So believe in Allah and His messengers. If ye believe and ward off (evil), yours will be a vast reward.” (3:179)
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means
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that He must establish a cause from the trial
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in which His ally appears,
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and in which His enemy is exposed.
16:29
By it, the patient believer is known,
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as is the wicked hypocrite.
16:34
Just as the Sunnah of distinguishing the wicked from the good occurs at the level of the community,
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and by it the believer is known from the hypocrite,
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and the strong in faith from the weak,
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it also occurs at the level of the individual.
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It clarifies to the believer the reality of their faith and the extent of their sincerity in it,
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and reveals to them the veils of self-conceit,
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and the reality of their weakness in belief or character.
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So they work then to rid themselves of the wickedness and weakness within them.
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The Sunnah of purification.
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As we explained in the first concept of the social Sunnahs,
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they overlap with one another.
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The Sunnahs of testing, distinction, purification, empowerment,
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and the destruction of the disbelievers
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are all Sunnahs that are interconnected.
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The first entails the second,
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and the second the third,
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and so on.
17:37
Based on this,
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the Sunnah of distinction is followed or accompanied by the Sunnah of purification.
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Purification is cleansing, freeing, and refining.
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You say, "I purified (mahastu) the gold with fire,"
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meaning I removed from it the wickedness that contaminated it.
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So the saying of Allah the Almighty:
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“And that Allah may prove those who believe, and may blight the disbelievers.” (3:141)
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means to free the believers from the hypocrites,
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and to free them themselves and purify them of their sins and expiate them.
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And His saying, the Exalted:
18:14
“Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154)
18:17
It is the purification of the hearts of the believers in particular,
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And cleansing them of any doubt or skepticism,
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Caused by the suspicions and discouragement cast by the hypocrites.
18:27
Thus, the refining (tamhis) of the believers,
18:29
Is their cleansing from the hypocrites and the disbelievers,
18:32
And their purification from the sins and transgressions that mingle with them.
18:38
Refining helps the believer to purify and sanctify his own soul.
18:46
Often, a person is ignorant of himself and the reality of his own weaknesses and strengths,
18:51
And the reality of the remnants of ignorance (jahiliyyah) latent within him, which only appear when something stirs them.
18:58
So, trials come through events and practical situations,
19:02
To refine the believer’s soul, grant him insight into its reality, and help him purify and sanctify it.
19:10
Among the wisdoms of tribulation:
19:15
Since tribulation is an established Sunnah and an inevitable decree for all people,
19:21
It contains profound wisdoms and numerous benefits, most importantly:
19:27
First: Extracting the servitude of the one being tested to Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, during times of hardship (darra'),
19:33
Through the manifestation of his brokenness and neediness before his Lord, the Almighty and Majestic,
19:38
And his persistence in supplication so that He may remove the distress he is in.
19:43
And extracting his servitude during times of ease (sarra'),
19:46
Through the manifestation of his gratitude to his Lord, the Glorified, for the blessings He has bestowed upon him,
19:52
And his thankfulness for them.
19:54
Second:
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Refining the believers by purifying their hearts from the diseases that cling to them.
20:01
Third:
20:03
Preparing the tested believers for lofty stations in this world and the Hereafter.
20:09
For how many a scholar or caller (da'iyah) has his steadfastness during his trial,
20:14
Been a source of elevation for him among the people, making him a role model and a leader for them,
20:19
Not to mention the multiplied rewards and good deeds for him,
20:23
Because of others following his example.
20:25
This becomes a cause for the elevation of his status and rank in Paradise.
20:31
Fourth:
20:32
Tribulation is an opportunity for the tested caller to re-examine the methodologies and perceptions he follows,
20:40
And to cleanse them of any flaws or errors that may taint them.
20:44
Fifth:
20:46
The brokenness of the soul that tribulation produces, and its tranquility before its Lord,
20:51
Leads to the cure for the disease of arrogance, vanity, and haughtiness that may afflict it.
20:57
Sixth:
20:59
The believer’s trial with the various forms of torment inflicted upon him by his enemy,
21:04
Such as imprisonment, physical and psychological torture, mockery, and ridicule,
21:10
All of this leads to breaking the barrier of fear within the believer regarding these forms before he actually encounters them,
21:17
And it helps him remain steadfast in his call,
21:20
The call of truth and success.
21:24
It goes without saying,
21:26
That these wisdoms and benefits,
21:28
Are only attained through the firm establishment (tathbit) from Allah, the Almighty and Majestic,
21:31
For those whom He knows are deserving of it due to their readiness to accept the truth and guidance,
21:37
As we explained regarding the Sunnah of guidance and misguidance.
21:42
“For him are angels ranged before him and behind him, who guard him by Allah's command. Lo! Allah changeth not the condition of a folk until they (first) change that which is in their hearts; and if Allah willeth misfortune for a folk there is none that can repel it, nor have they a defender beside Him.” (13:11)
21:56
It is a consistent Sunnah,
21:58
Whether the change is from good to evil,
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Or the opposite, a change from evil to good.
22:06
Regarding the change from good to evil,
22:09
Allah, the Exalted, said:
22:11
“That is because Allah never changeth the grace He hath bestowed on any people until they first change that which is in their hearts, and (that is) because Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (8:53)
22:20
And He, the Exalted, said:
22:22
“Allah coineth a similitude: a township that dwelt secure and well content, its provision coming to it in abundance from every side, but it disbelieved in Allah's favours, so Allah made it experience the garb of dearth and fear because of what they used to do.” (16:112)
22:28
“Allah coineth a similitude: a township that dwelt secure and well content, its provision coming to it in abundance from every side, but it disbelieved in Allah's favours, so Allah made it experience the garb of dearth and fear because of what they used to do.” (16:112)
22:33
So she denied the favors of Allah.
22:35
“Allah coineth a similitude: a township that dwelt secure and well content, its provision coming to it in abundance from every side, but it disbelieved in Allah's favours, so Allah made it experience the garb of dearth and fear because of what they used to do.” (16:112)
22:41
And regarding the change from evil to good,
22:44
Allah, the Exalted, said:
22:46
"And if only the people of the cities had believed and feared Allah, We would have opened upon them blessings from the heaven and the earth."
22:54
And He, the Exalted, said:
22:56
“If they (the idolaters) tread the right path, We shall give them to drink of water in abundance” (72:16)
23:02
So, through this Divine Sunnah,
23:06
Humans bear responsibility for the good or evil that befalls them.
23:11
With them, the change begins,
23:14
Whether toward evil or toward good.
23:17
Callers must make this Sunnah the important foundation,
23:22
And the supreme methodology in calling and changing.
23:25
For it is the mother of all Divine Sunan regarding construction and change.
23:30
When will most people realize Allah’s Sunnah regarding change?
23:37
“For him are angels ranged before him and behind him, who guard him by Allah's command. Lo! Allah changeth not the condition of a folk until they (first) change that which is in their hearts; and if Allah willeth misfortune for a folk there is none that can repel it, nor have they a defender beside Him.” (13:11)
23:44
Clear in its meaning and definitive in its indication of the Sunnah of change,
23:50
Yet belief in it is often merely theoretical,
23:54
Until it is realized in existence and becomes visible to the eye.
23:59
Only then do people truly believe in it,
24:02
And belief in it at that point is more profound and stronger than it was before its occurrence.
24:08
The passing of worldly blessings and rectifying the situation.
24:13
The passing of worldly blessings due to corruption,
24:17
As painful as it is,
24:19
Contains mercy for the servants,
24:22
And is a wake-up call for them to rectify their state before sliding into the abyss.
24:28
Allah, the Exalted, said:
24:30
“Corruption doth appear on land and sea because of (the evil) which men's hands have done, that He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that they may return.” (30:41)
24:35
"So He may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness]."
24:40
The passing of worldly blessings is trivial and insignificant compared to the loss of religion and its disappearance.
24:47
Who benefits from Allah’s Sunnah of change?
24:53
No one benefits from Allah’s Sunnah of change,
24:56
Except the believer and those in whose hearts there is goodness and righteousness.
25:00
As for the hypocrites, the secularists, and the atheists,
25:04
They pay no heed to this Sunnah,
25:07
Rather, they mock those who believe in it and call for acting according to it.
25:12
“Say: Behold what is in the heavens and the earth! But revelations and warnings avail not folk who will not believe.” (10:101)
25:17
Realizing Allah’s Sunnah of change,
25:21
Is the beginning of victory and empowerment (tamkin).
25:24
The change in the state of our Ummah today,
25:29
From honor, supremacy, and empowerment,
25:32
To humiliation, degradation, and disgrace,
25:35
Corresponds to our state’s divergence from the state of the righteous predecessors (salaf),
25:38
In terms of piety, guidance, and success.
25:41
That is evidence of the occurrence of Allah’s Sunnah of change,
25:45
And that we have changed what is within ourselves,
25:48
So Allah changed our state.
25:50
Based on this,
25:52
Allah will not change our current reality,
25:55
Unless we change what is within ourselves,
25:57
From innovations (bid'ah) and manifest or hidden polytheism (shirk),
26:00
To subservience to the West and immorality,
26:03
Toward adherence to the Sunnah and the realization of monotheism (tawhid),
26:06
And loyalty to the believers,
26:09
And disavowal of the polytheists,
26:12
And the fear of Allah, the Exalted.
26:15
Thus, realizing Allah’s Sunnah of change,
26:18
And acting according to it,
26:21
Is the key to victory and empowerment,
26:24
And the gateway to changing our bitter reality.
26:28
The Sunnah of repulsion and conflict.
26:32
An established reality and a past Sunnah.
26:35
For Allah, the Exalted, said:
26:38
"And thus We have made for every prophet..."
26:41
“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
26:44
“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
26:47
"...deceptive speech in adornment."
26:50
“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
26:53
"So leave them and what they invent."
26:56
And He, the Exalted, said:
26:59
"And thus We have placed within every city the greatest of its criminals..."
27:02
"...to conspire therein."
27:06
Truth is represented throughout time,
27:09
By every prophet and his followers,
27:12
And it is opposed and struggled against,
27:15
By the devils of mankind and jinn in every era,
27:18
And they are the greatest of the criminals in every nation.
27:21
Waraqah Ibn Nawfal said,
27:24
To the Prophet, peace be upon him:
27:27
"Never has anyone come with what you have brought, but he was treated with hostility."
27:30
For falsehood is ugly,
27:33
It does not cease nor stop its aggression,
27:36
Except when it is repelled with the same force with which it attacks and maneuvers.
27:39
It is not enough for the truth to be the truth,
27:42
To stop the aggression of falsehood,
27:45
Rather, there must be a force that protects it and repels [the aggression] from it.
27:48
This is a fixed Sunnah,
27:51
And a universal rule that does not change,
27:54
As long as man is man.
27:57
Among the benefits of the conflict between the people of truth and falsehood:
28:01
Allah decreed that,
28:05
His defense of those who believe,
28:08
Would be through them themselves,
28:11
And He did not make it a gift that descends upon them from the sky,
28:14
Without struggle.
28:17
Allah, the Exalted, said: "That, and if Allah had willed..."
28:20
"...He could have taken vengeance upon them [Himself]."
28:24
Among the benefits of that,
28:27
Is the testing of the people of truth and the people of falsehood,
28:30
As the verse clarified,
28:33
And as it came in the Hadith Qudsi:
28:36
"I have only sent you to test you and to test [others] by you."
28:39
Narrated by Muslim.
28:42
Just as in the conflict with falsehood,
28:45
There is maturity and clarification for the truth and its people.
28:48
For the human structure does not awaken,
28:51
And the powers stored within it,
28:54
Except when it faces danger.
28:57
And the truth becomes illuminated and manifest whenever falsehood struggles against it,
29:00
As its proofs and evidences become clear,
29:03
Thus the sincerity of the truth and its reality appear.
29:06
The conflict of the people of truth with falsehood,
29:10
Is called repulsion (daf') and mutual repulsion (mudafa'ah).
29:13
This conflict between truth and falsehood,
29:17
It is agreed upon to call it in the science of Sunan,
29:20
"Repulsion and mutual repulsion,"
29:23
Taking from the saying of Allah, the Exalted:
29:26
"And were it not for Allah checking [repelling] the people, some by means of others..."
29:29
"...the earth would have been corrupted."
29:32
“So they routed them by Allah's leave and David slew Goliath; and Allah gave him the kingdom and wisdom, and taught him of that which He willeth. And if Allah had not repelled some men by others the earth would have been corrupted. But Allah is a Lord of Kindness to (His) creatures.” (2:251)
29:35
And His saying, the Exalted:
29:38
"And were it not for Allah checking [repelling] the people, some by means of others..."
29:41
“Those who have been driven from their homes unjustly only because they said: Our Lord is Allah - For had it not been for Allah's repelling some men by means of others, cloisters and churches and oratories and mosques, wherein the name of Allah is oft mentioned, would assuredly have been pulled down. Verily Allah helpeth one who helpeth Him. Lo! Allah is Strong, Almighty -” (22:40)
29:44
"...there would have been demolished monasteries, churches, synagogues, and mosques..."
29:47
"...in which the name of Allah is much mentioned."
29:50
“Those who have been driven from their homes unjustly only because they said: Our Lord is Allah - For had it not been for Allah's repelling some men by means of others, cloisters and churches and oratories and mosques, wherein the name of Allah is oft mentioned, would assuredly have been pulled down. Verily Allah helpeth one who helpeth Him. Lo! Allah is Strong, Almighty -” (22:40)
29:53
"Indeed, Allah is Powerful, Exalted in Might."
29:56
And "repulsion" (daf'),
29:59
Is removal by force.
30:02
And "mutual repulsion" (mudafa'ah) is jostling.
30:05
So the mutual repulsion between truth and falsehood,
30:08
Is the removal of one by the other,
30:11
Or its elimination and erasure by force.
30:14
The requirement of this Sunnah,
30:17
Is that every party, from the truth and the falsehood,
30:20
Is not satisfied with merely remaining as it is,
30:23
Alone.
30:26
Rather, it strives to annihilate the other party,
30:29
And remove it by every possible way and means.
30:32
However, the people of falsehood follow,
30:35
Illegitimate paths,
30:38
As He, the Exalted, said:
30:42
And He, the Exalted, said:
30:48
"And those who disbelieve said..."
30:51
“Those who disbelieve say: Heed not this Qur'an, and drown the hearing of it; haply ye may conquer.” (41:26)
30:54
"...and make noise in it that perhaps you will overcome."
30:57
While the people of truth,
31:00
Do not struggle,
31:03
And He, the Exalted, said:
31:06
And He, the Exalted, said:
31:09
Do not struggle against falsehood and its people,
31:12
Except by what is legitimate from Allah.
31:15
The inevitability of mutual repulsion,
31:19
Between truth and falsehood.
31:23
The mutual repulsion between truth and falsehood was,
31:26
Inevitable because they are opposites,
31:29
So they cannot coexist,
31:32
The existence of one necessitates the expulsion of the other,
31:35
and its repulsion and removal, or at the very least,
31:38
preventing it from having any influence on the reality of life.
31:41
It is therefore inconceivable
31:44
for truth to coexist with falsehood
31:47
in peace, without struggle and resistance,
31:50
unless the followers of each side are weak,
31:53
or ignorant of the meanings of truth and falsehood,
31:56
and the requirements and implications of these meanings.
31:59
This is as claimed by the secularists
32:02
and the liberals;
32:05
reform is impossible without resisting falsehood.
32:08
Whoever aspires to reform
32:11
and to ward off corruption from the Ummah
32:14
without [following] this other Sunnah,
32:17
[will find that] they cannot coexist.
32:20
The meanings of truth and falsehood
32:23
[cannot exist] in peace without struggle.
32:27
The meanings of truth and falsehood
32:30
[cannot exist] in peace without struggle.
32:34
[Whoever thinks otherwise] deviates from the path of the prophets
32:37
and the Sunnah of Allah on His earth.
32:40
For truth to cease resisting falsehood
32:43
is to sign a treaty of surrender
32:46
to corruption,
32:49
as Allah the Exalted said:
32:52
﴾And were it not for Allah checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted.﴿
32:55
[The earth would have been corrupted.]
32:58
“So they routed them by Allah's leave and David slew Goliath; and Allah gave him the kingdom and wisdom, and taught him of that which He willeth. And if Allah had not repelled some men by others the earth would have been corrupted. But Allah is a Lord of Kindness to (His) creatures.” (2:251)
33:01
Thus, abandoning resistance
33:04
leads to the appearance of corruption on earth,
33:07
and its corruption occurs through the prevalence of shirk, injustice, and immorality.
33:10
Whereas following this Sunnah
33:13
is among the favors of Allah upon the worlds,
33:16
because through it, truth is established
33:19
and falsehood vanishes.
33:23
Preferring safety out of fear of confronting falsehood
33:26
leads to more severe hardship.
33:30
Whoever prefers safety and fears
33:33
the hardship of resisting corruption and its people
33:36
will inevitably fall into greater difficulty
33:39
and more severe hardship,
33:42
which he will find in the loss of his religion, his self, his honor, and his wealth.
33:45
This is the tax of silence
33:48
and preferring the worldly life,
33:51
and the corruption of one's perception.
33:54
Whoever thinks he will be saved with his wealth and honor
33:57
under the rule of tyrants
34:00
is merely living in an illusion or has lost touch with reality.
34:03
For it is not a condition that
34:06
loss and ruin occur through death or the physical
34:09
seizure of property.
34:12
Rather, living under the shadow of corruption and its whims,
34:15
and contrary to the guidance of the upright Shari'ah,
34:18
is in reality death and loss—
34:21
a loss indeed.
34:25
It gives them insight into the scale of the battle.
34:28
The knowledge of the people of truth
34:32
regarding the cooperation of the people of falsehood
34:35
and their gathering around the plans of corruption
34:38
which the devils devise for them
34:41
gives them insight into the scale of the battle and the adversaries within it.
34:44
This necessitates for the people of truth
34:47
proper preparation and readiness for this battle.
34:50
Just as the knowledge that the plans of the people of falsehood—
34:54
as the Exalted said:
34:57
﴾And thus We have made for every prophet...﴿
35:00
“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
35:03
“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
35:06
﴾...embellished speech as deception.﴿
35:09
“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
35:12
﴾So leave them and what they invent.﴿
35:15
This knowledge is worthy of filling
35:18
the hearts of the people of truth with confidence and tranquility.
35:21
Allah the Exalted finds [ways] to support the truth and its people.
35:24
Defending the truth
35:28
is an obligation upon every believer according to his ability.
35:31
It is upon everyone who affiliates with the truth
35:35
to defend it and repel falsehood
35:38
with whatever he can. If the
35:41
banner of jihad with the sword is found and he is among its people,
35:44
he participates in it.
35:47
And if the banner is absent due to circumstances imposed [upon them],
35:50
he strives with whatever he can of calling [to Allah] and clarification,
35:53
or contributing wealth,
35:56
or supplicating that Allah grant victory to the truth and its people,
35:59
and so on.
36:02
It is feared for the one who falls short in performing what he can of this
36:05
that he may enter under the wing of those who turned their backs
36:08
on the day of the march,
36:11
and prioritized the fleeting world over the love of Allah and His Messenger.
36:14
Allah the Exalted said:
36:17
“Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24)
36:20
﴾...and your brothers, your spouses,﴿
36:23
﴾your kinsfolk,﴿
36:26
﴾and wealth you have acquired, and commerce you fear will decline,﴿
36:29
﴾and dwellings you are pleased with...﴿
36:32
“Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24)
36:35
﴾...and jihad in His cause...﴿
36:38
“Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24)
36:41
﴾And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.﴿
36:45
The reason why most of the people of falsehood
36:49
are from the elite and the prominent
36:53
is that it is customary for the people of falsehood
36:56
to be among the prominent in the world,
36:59
as the Exalted said:
37:02
“And thus have We made in every city great ones of its wicked ones, that they should plot therein. They do but plot against themselves, though they perceive not.” (6:123)
37:05
﴾...its criminals to plot therein.﴿
37:08
They show hostility to the religion, and the religion shows hostility to them.
37:11
That is only because the religion
37:14
[strips] the elite of their authority
37:17
with which they oppress the people,
37:20
and of their claim to lordship
37:23
by which they enslave the people,
37:26
and of their practice of sovereignty apart from Allah,
37:29
by which they humiliate the necks [of the people].
37:32
So the religion strips all of this from them
37:35
to return it to Allah alone:
37:38
The Lord of the people, the King of the people.
37:43
Among the tools of falsehood in the conflict
37:47
is embellished speech,
37:50
meaning the means of deception and seduction.
37:53
Just as they deceive the humanity around them,
37:56
they also deceive themselves and lead them astray.
37:59
They cooperate among themselves
38:02
to lead others astray,
38:05
and they assist one another in their own misguidance,
38:08
as the Exalted said:
38:12
﴾...and embellished speech...﴿
38:15
leads to the heart inclining
38:18
of those who do not believe in the Hereafter.
38:21
The Exalted said:
38:24
“That the hearts of those who believe not in the Hereafter may incline thereto, and that they may take pleasure therein, and that they may earn what they are earning.” (6:113)
38:27
﴾...and that they may be pleased with it, and that they may commit what they are...﴿
38:30
﴾...committing.﴿
38:33
Meaning, their hearts incline toward it and desire it,
38:36
which leads to being pleased with what is listened to.
38:39
﴾And that they may be pleased with it...﴿ and this pleasure is followed by
38:42
acting upon what they listened to and were pleased with,
38:45
﴾...and that they may commit what they are committing.﴿
38:48
Here it is worth noting
38:51
the danger of listening to the doubts of falsehood
38:54
and its embellishments, because that may
38:57
be followed by being pleased with it and working to spread it.
39:00
The resistance of the people of truth against the people of falsehood
39:04
is not limited to fighting.
39:07
It is not a condition that the resistance
39:10
between truth and falsehood be through jihad
39:13
and fighting alone.
39:16
Rather, fighting is the later stage
39:19
of the stages of this conflict.
39:22
Establishing the proof against falsehood and its people is resistance,
39:25
and removing doubts about the truth and its people is resistance,
39:28
and enjoining good and forbidding
39:31
evil is resistance,
39:35
and steadfastness upon the religion is resistance.
39:38
Allah the Exalted commanded His Prophet, peace be upon him,
39:41
in Makkah the Honored,
39:44
before the obligation of jihad and fighting,
39:47
commanding him to strive against the disbelievers with the Qur'an.
39:50
The Exalted said:
39:53
“So obey not the disbelievers, but strive against them herewith with a great endeavour.” (25:52)
39:56
﴾...a great jihad.﴿
39:59
And he, peace be upon him, said:
40:02
[Narrated by] Abu Dawud,
40:05
and authenticated by al-Albani.
40:08
The Sunnah of the alternation of days
40:11
between the believers and the disbelievers.
40:15
Among the wisdom of Allah and His Sunnah regarding the believers
40:19
is that they are given a turn once,
40:22
meaning victory is theirs over their enemies,
40:25
and they are given a turn against them another time,
40:28
meaning victory is for their disbelieving enemies,
40:31
meaning victory is for their disbelieving enemies over them at times.
40:34
But the final outcome is
40:37
for the people of truth, the God-fearing.
40:40
Allah the Exalted said regarding this Sunnah:
40:43
﴾If a wound should touch you...﴿
40:46
“If ye have received a blow, the (disbelieving) people have received a blow the like thereof. These are (only) the vicissitudes which We cause to follow one another for mankind, to the end that Allah may know those who believe and may choose witnesses from among you; and Allah loveth not wrong-doers.” (3:140)
40:49
“If ye have received a blow, the (disbelieving) people have received a blow the like thereof. These are (only) the vicissitudes which We cause to follow one another for mankind, to the end that Allah may know those who believe and may choose witnesses from among you; and Allah loveth not wrong-doers.” (3:140)
40:52
“If ye have received a blow, the (disbelieving) people have received a blow the like thereof. These are (only) the vicissitudes which We cause to follow one another for mankind, to the end that Allah may know those who believe and may choose witnesses from among you; and Allah loveth not wrong-doers.” (3:140)
40:55
﴾...and take martyrs from among you.﴿
40:58
﴾And Allah does not like the wrongdoers.﴿
41:01
And when Heraclius asked Abu Sufyan
41:04
about the state of the fighting between Quraysh
41:07
and the Messenger, peace be upon him,
41:10
Abu Sufyan answered him that the war between them
41:13
is alternating; each side inflicts [losses]
41:16
upon the other. Heraclius said then:
41:19
"And likewise are the messengers;
41:22
they are tested, then the outcome is theirs."
41:25
This Sunnah was known
41:28
even to the Christians.
41:32
Among the benefits and wisdom of the Sunnah of alternation:
41:35
The Sunnah of alternation has benefits.
41:39
Among the most important of them, firstly:
41:42
If the believers were to be victorious over the disbelievers
41:45
always, there would enter among the believers
41:48
others, such as the hypocrites,
41:51
and no distinction would be made between them.
41:54
﴾And these days We alternate...﴿
41:57
﴾...among the people, and that Allah may make evident...﴿
42:00
﴾...those who believe.﴿
42:03
Meaning, so that there appears in existence what Allah knows
42:06
by His prior knowledge of the believers,
42:09
and they are distinguished from those who claim that
42:12
among the hypocrites.
42:15
For Allah, glory be to Him, knows things before they occur,
42:18
and events are what manifest this knowledge,
42:22
and consequently, accountability and recompense are attached to it.
42:25
For Allah, glory be to Him, does not hold people accountable
42:28
based on what He knows of their affairs.
42:31
Rather, He holds them accountable for what actually occurs from them.
42:47
Secondly:
42:50
The dominance of the disbelievers over the believers is constant.
42:53
Otherwise, the purpose of the mission and the message would not be realized.
42:56
Thus, the wisdom of Allah the Exalted dictated
42:59
that He should grant the believers victory over the disbelievers at times,
43:02
and grant the disbelievers victory over them at other times,
43:05
in order to achieve two objectives:
43:08
distinguishing the believers from the hypocrites,
43:11
and ensuring the fulfillment of the purpose of the mission and the message.
43:14
When does the dominance of the disbelievers occur
43:18
over the believers?
43:22
The dominance of the disbelievers over the believers
43:25
occurs when the believers fall into disobedience,
43:28
and oppose the command of Allah and the command of His Messenger,
43:31
peace be upon him.
43:34
For the defeat of the Muslims at Uhud,
43:37
after their initial victory,
43:40
was due to the archers disobeying orders
43:44
and abandoning their positions.
43:47
When innovations spread and philosophy appeared among the Muslims,
43:50
and they deviated from the path of Allah the Exalted,
43:53
Allah empowered the Crusaders against them,
43:56
and then the Tatars.
43:59
And when the Ottoman Turks deviated,
44:02
after a long period of established power,
44:05
and inclined toward Westernization and secularism,
44:08
and imitating Europe,
44:12
the Caliphate ceased to exist,
44:15
and Allah tested the Muslims with European occupation,
44:18
which tore the Islamic lands apart
44:21
and dissipated their strength.
44:24
This dominance of the disbelievers over the believers
44:27
intersects with the Sunnah of Allah,
44:30
“For him are angels ranged before him and behind him, who guard him by Allah's command. Lo! Allah changeth not the condition of a folk until they (first) change that which is in their hearts; and if Allah willeth misfortune for a folk there is none that can repel it, nor have they a defender beside Him.” (13:11)
44:33
until they change what is within themselves.
44:36
The warning to the Muslims
44:39
is that He is the One who granted the disbelievers dominance over them
44:42
and changed their condition,
44:45
and that change once again
44:48
from humiliation and weakness to honor and empowerment
44:51
will not occur until the Muslims return
44:54
to their religion and abandon their transgressions
44:57
and their disobedience to Allah the Exalted.
45:01
The Sunnah of Replacement:
45:05
When He grants the disbelievers dominance over the believers,
45:09
the dominance of the disbelievers
45:12
over the believers does not last.
45:15
Rather, the Sunnah of replacement comes into effect,
45:18
meaning Allah replaces the disobedient believers
45:21
and the faint-hearted
45:24
with other believing people,
45:27
who are not like the former ones.
45:30
Allah the Exalted said:
45:33
“Lo! ye are those who are called to spend in the way of Allah, yet among you there are some who hoard. And as for him who hoardeth, he hoardeth only from his soul. And Allah is the Rich, and ye are the poor. And if ye turn away He will exchange you for some other folk, and they will not be the likes of you.” (47:38)
45:37
And He the Exalted said:
45:40
“If ye go not forth He will afflict you with a painful doom, and will choose instead of you a folk other than you. Ye cannot harm Him at all. Allah is Able to do all things.” (9:39)
45:43
"And He will replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him at all."
45:46
[This was part of the previous line's verse].
45:49
"And Allah is over all things competent."
45:52
And He the Exalted said:
45:55
"O you who have believed,"
45:58
“O ye who believe! Whoso of you becometh a renegade from his religion, (know that in his stead) Allah will bring a people whom He loveth and who love Him, humble toward believers, stern toward disbelievers, striving in the way of Allah, and fearing not the blame of any blamer. Such is the grace of Allah which He giveth unto whom He will. Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.” (5:54)
46:01
“O ye who believe! Whoso of you becometh a renegade from his religion, (know that in his stead) Allah will bring a people whom He loveth and who love Him, humble toward believers, stern toward disbelievers, striving in the way of Allah, and fearing not the blame of any blamer. Such is the grace of Allah which He giveth unto whom He will. Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.” (5:54)
46:04
"humble toward the believers, powerful against the disbelievers,"
46:07
[This was part of the previous line's verse].
46:10
“O ye who believe! Whoso of you becometh a renegade from his religion, (know that in his stead) Allah will bring a people whom He loveth and who love Him, humble toward believers, stern toward disbelievers, striving in the way of Allah, and fearing not the blame of any blamer. Such is the grace of Allah which He giveth unto whom He will. Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.” (5:54)
46:13
"and they do not fear the blame of a critic."
46:16
"That is the bounty of Allah, which He gives to whom He wills,"
46:19
"and Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing."