Part of مفاهيم أهل السنة - حلقات مجمعة (اكتملت السلسلة)
· Lesson 4 of 77
خلاصة مفاهيم أهل السنة | 68- مفاهيم حول السياسة الشرعية | المفاهيم (1069-1086)
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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Summary of Sunni concepts
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Sharia policy
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Politics of language
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It is leadership and doing what is best for subordinates
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It is therefore a relationship between a ruler and the ruled
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The ruler takes care of the interests of the governed
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Politics in contemporary armament has been known by several definitions
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Perhaps the most comprehensive of these is taking care of all the state’s internal and external affairs
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This includes domestic and foreign policy
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Politics in Islamic law is called Sharia politics
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It is a relationship between the shepherd, who is the imam of the Muslims, and their guardian
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Or his representative and the parish
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They are the general public who must obey their Muslim shepherd in what is right and not disobedient
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In exchange for ruling them according to Islamic law
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It can be defined as taking care of the nation's affairs and its religious and worldly interests at home and abroad
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According to Islamic law
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The relationship between the politics of legitimacy and the message of Islam
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The message of Islam is general in two aspects, one of which is the generality of the addressees
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As God Almighty said, “It is nothing but a reminder to the worlds.”
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And God Almighty said, “We have not sent you except as a group of people.”
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The second aspect is that its approach covers all matters of this life and the afterlife
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God Almighty said: We revealed to you the writing as an explanation of everything
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And God Almighty said: We have not neglected anything in the Book
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The legitimate policy has the same generalities
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It is to take care of the nation's affairs and its worldly and religious interests alike
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It deals with managing the affairs of the nation, whether among itself or in its relationship with all the societies around it
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Among them is their call to Islam and the effort to worship the Lord of the Worlds
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It was necessary for the legitimate policy to be linked to the message of Islam
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So that the message is its source and its source
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Sources of both legitimate politics and positive politics
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In order for it to be a legitimate policy, its sources and derivation must be solely the sources of Islamic legislation itself
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The first of these is the texts of revelation from the Qur’an and Sunnah
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Then the consensus of the nation’s scholars, then ijtihad, which includes analogy and transmitted interests
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As for contemporary positive politics, its main source is human thought
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Who does not escape from ignorance, injustice and passion
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It is basically based on the separation of religion from the state and people's lives
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Sharia politics is a religious duty, while contemporary politics is a statutory obligation
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He called both legitimate politics and positive politics
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Sharia policy is characterized by two main characteristics, the most important of which is the divine source, perfection, comprehensiveness, and justice
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Balance is achieving the interests of the people, both worldly and hereafter, and warding off harm from them
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And achieving servitude on earth to God Almighty
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While contemporary positive politics is characterized by separation from revelation
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Because it separates religion from the state and is based on injustice and human whims
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The strong prevail over the weak and control them
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As is the case with the veto right of the five major countries in the United Nations
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It is also characterized by multiple measures, deceit, and deception
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Exposing these injustices in the form of policy, firmness, and achieving security
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Claims to separate religion from politics and governance, ancient and modern
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Claims to separate religion from politics and governance are old and not modern
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But it was among the unjust rulers of the Nation of Islam after the era of the Prophethood and the Rightly Guided Caliphate
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Partial, not complete
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They applied Sharia law in governance in general terms
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If this conflicts with their interest in remaining in power and threatens their thrones
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They set aside the law and did what would protect their kingdom
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They said this was out of politics
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The affairs of the parish cannot be corrected except by this
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If we had assigned them to the Sharia, their affairs would have been corrupted
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Today, the secularists and liberals
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They completely separate religion from politics and governance
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They make religion merely a relationship between a person and his God
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Do not leave the mosque or church
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For them, religion has nothing to do with people's lives outside places of worship
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That's what they claim
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This was established and consolidated after the French Revolution
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Where people revolted against the church and its unjust control over their lives
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So they came up with this false concept
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Today, the nation of Islam is being ruled by hypocrites, including secularists and liberals
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And who directed this misguidance towards them in Muslim countries
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They have famous phrases about it
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There is no religion in politics and no politics in religion
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Religion is for God and the homeland is for everyone
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And so on
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Who has the right to practice legitimate politics and their description
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Those who have the right to practice legitimate politics are the rulers
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Those whom the subjects are obligated to obey in what is good and not disobedient
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God Almighty said
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O you who have believed, obey God and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you
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If you disagree about anything, refer it to God and the Messenger
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If you believe in God and the Last Day
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That is a better and better interpretation
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And the Almighty said
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If a matter of security or fear comes to them, they claim it
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Even if they returned it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them
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He knows those who infer it from them
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What is meant by the ruler in the two verses
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Scholars and rulers
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And the judges and governors of the regions acting on their behalf
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Or Shura councils or Sharia bodies
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And everyone who has legitimate authority over people
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Accordingly
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It is misleading to attribute the meaning of guardian to contemporary tyrants
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Those who rule without God's law
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They support the enemies of God
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Just as the legitimate rulers have the right for the subjects to obey them in what is right
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They have a duty to obey God and His Messenger in whatever they command
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And to rule people according to Islamic law
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Ibn Taymiyyah said
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Princes and scholars
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They have places where they must be obeyed
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They, too, must obey God and the Messenger in whatever they command
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On each of the shepherds, flocks, heads, and subordinates
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That each of them obeys God and His Messenger in his situation
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He adheres to the law of God that He has prescribed for him
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Obedience is only in what is good, not in disobedience
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In the words of God Almighty
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O you who have believed, obey God and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you
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If you disagree about anything, refer it to God and the Messenger
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If you believe in God and the Last Day
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That is a better and better interpretation
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He repeated the command to obey, mentioning the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace
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To indicate that obedience to the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace
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It is obedience to God Almighty
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He did not repeat the action: “Obey with those in authority.”
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To indicate that their obedience is conditional
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By being obedient to God and His Messenger
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As for what was disobedience to God and His Messenger
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There is no obedience in it then
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There is no obedience to a creature if it disobeys the Creator
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If a sin is ordered, it is necessary to reject it
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When there is a dispute over something
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The duty is to return to God and the Messenger
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As the verse stated
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And the point
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Referring to the Book of God and the Sunnah of His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace
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The verse makes this a condition for faith
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If you believe in God and the Last Day
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This indicates that whoever does not refer the issues of dispute to God and His Messenger
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He is not a true believer
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Rather, he believes in the taghut
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As mentioned in the following verse
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Have you not seen those who claim to have believed?
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With what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you
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They want to be judged by the tyrant
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They were commanded to disbelieve in him
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Satan wants to mislead them far astray
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The first verse also confirmed this
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On the validity of the approach of responding to God and the Messenger and His goodness
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She said that was better and had a better interpretation
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The relationship between politics and administration
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Management is occupied in our contemporary world
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A large part of people's thoughts
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Until it became an independent science
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They talk about four operations
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Included in any administration
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It is planning, organizing and implementing
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Follow-up and evaluation
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The director is the chief official
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About applying these four processes
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Whether he applied it himself in some of them
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Or what is assigned to the work team
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Which constitutes it
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Management areas are diverse
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It includes community management
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Management of companies and institutions
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Project management and self-management
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And so on
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From the previous definition of legitimate politics
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It turns out that it is about managing the nation
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Or as it is said in contemporary expression
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Community management
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It must also be achieved
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The four processes it includes
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No management
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He is primarily responsible for that
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He and his support team
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But we emphasize here that it must be
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All of this is in accordance with God’s method and law
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And commitment to the Book of God
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And the Sunnah of His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace
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And do not contradict them in any of them
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These operations
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Moderation in administration and politics
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We should not be carried away by management and politics
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In addition to exaggeration and excess
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In the theoretical part of this
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Those in charge of the matter are immersed in planning and theorizing
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Until days and months pass
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Even the years
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They are still in their theorizing and studying
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They advance one leg and delay the other
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This prevents them from working
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They have the opportunities that come to them
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Without investing it
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Even if it is destined for people like these
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To move from the aspect of planning and theorizing
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into force
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You also see them immersed in the organization of work
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And make precise arrangements for it
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Most of which may be formal
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It only hinders work
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We should also not take the previous warning
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To underestimate the importance of management and organization
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Accusing any deliberate, organized action
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It is a heretical partisan act
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Which leads to neglect of planning and study
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And going to work without any of that
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Then chaos ensues
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Confusion occurs
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This results in wasted time and money
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To no avail
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Rather, it leads to regression
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The nation returns to backwardness
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Therefore, there must be moderation in view
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To planning and organizing
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And firmness in implementation, follow-up and evaluation
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Codification of Sharia
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It is the formulation of transaction provisions
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It has a legal numbered style
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Statutory laws
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This began in the late
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Ottoman Caliphate
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When the Sultanate saw the scientific weakness of the judges
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And the increase in new cases and incidents
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Not stipulated in the books of jurisprudence
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As a result of a mix of state sponsorship
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With foreigners from neighboring countries
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A committee of scholars
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Establishing a civil law
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Derived from Hanafi jurisprudence
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The rulings are formulated in numbered articles
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According to foreign laws
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It is arranged according to the books and jurisprudential chapters
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This work was published successively
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In a magazine we call the Journal of Judicial Rulings
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The committee's work began
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OK
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The latest issue of the magazine was published
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It was a year
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OK
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That is, the work took seven years
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The total number of articles in the magazine
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One hundred and fifty-one thousand dollars
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Despite the soundness of purpose and good intentions in this work
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However, it entails harm and harm
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Some of them are so severe that they cannot be ignored
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The evils of codifying Sharia law
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One of the most important disadvantages of codifying Sharia law
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Firstly
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Increasing weakness of judges and jurists
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And preventing diligence in knowing what God wants
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And His Messenger in matters
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Because of the complete reliance on the articles of the laws and the obligation thereof
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Secondly
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Opening the door for those who are not scholars
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To enter the field of governance and judiciary
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Depending on the application of the written law
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Without the need, they claim, to study Sharia
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We even saw civilian and military judges
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Who has not studied Islamic jurisprudence
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They do not have the capacity to exercise judgment in judgment
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Third
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Get people to have one say on the issue
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Blogger in law
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Although it may be likely
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According to researchers who are diligent scholars
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Fourth
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It may be a gateway to introducing statutory laws
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The place of legal rulings
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Allegiance
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Is the pledge of allegiance a contract between subjects?
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Or someone on their behalf
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The shepherd to whom the flock is entrusted
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Under this contract
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His leadership over them and their policy
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To fulfill their religious and worldly interests
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And they commit in return
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By listening and obeying Him in good deeds without disobedience
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It is like any contract
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It has three pillars
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And it is contracted
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He lost the entire contract
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He destroys and revokes the contract
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And Ali
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There is no guardianship for those who waste religion and fight it
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God's law is removed from judgment
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The pledge of allegiance is not permissible without choice
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Which returns to the nation
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The people of solution and contract will act on their behalf
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They are the ones who have opinions and advice on them
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They choose the shepherd whose pledge of allegiance is legally valid
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And he will be among the people of piety and righteousness
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With capacity and fork
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It is not permissible to take charge of an infidel or a sinner in the first place
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But if the guardian is the one who is a sinner
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Or immorality occurred to him after he took office
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His mandate is in place
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Praying behind him is valid
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Unless he orders the abolition of religion and God’s law
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As for the infidel and the one to whom disbelief occurs
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He is not entitled to guardianship or imamate
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God Almighty said
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And God will not make it for the unbelievers
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There is a way for the believers
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Shura
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Consultation is taking opinions from others
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It is a major feature of the Nation of Islam
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God Almighty said
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And those who responded to their Lord and established prayer
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He ordered them to consult among themselves
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And of what We have provided them they spend
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It is recommended at all leadership levels
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Where the leader consults them without him
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Where he needs their advice
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The highest and most important
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The consultation between the shepherd and the shepherd
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God Almighty said
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And if you were generous and hard-hearted, those around you would not be weak
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So he pardoned them, asked forgiveness for them, and consulted with them about the matter
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If you are determined, trust in God
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God loves those who trust
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How is Shura done in the country?
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Not for the way Shura is done
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Specific template
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Rather, it is up to each environment and time
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And the appropriate forms and organizations
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Such as Shura councils
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And various advisory bodies
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Provided that the shura is not contrary to God’s law
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Shura is therefore an established principle in the belief of believers
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It is not created by organizational forms
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But these forms
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It is merely a means of implementing this great principle
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First, there must be faithful Muslims
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Firm belief in their faith
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Those who are committed to the principles of Sharia law and its provisions
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To achieve them through the appropriate means of shura
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The desired Islamic system
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Shura does not mean hesitation and procrastination in making a decision
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Rather, it must be followed by determination and trust in God to implement its outcome
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God Almighty said
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He consulted them about the matter
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If you are determined, trust in God
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God loves those who trust
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In the Shura there is education for both the shepherd and the shepherd
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In the Shura between the shepherd and the shepherd
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In the shura between the shepherd and the flock, there is education for each of them
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The shepherd accustoms himself to consulting his flock and not being tyrannical in matters
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The parish is raised to participate in the decision
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And bear responsibility and responsibility for its outcome
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The tyrant circumvented the Shura
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The ruler protested against the Shura
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Whoever knows that they agree with him is not good news
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A despotic ruler consults if he knows that they agree with him
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He takes control of his decision if he thinks most likely that he will not agree to it
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Between politics and worship
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Worshiping God is an individual responsibility
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You do not need permission from a ruler or regime
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As for the ruler’s interference in people’s worship of their Lord
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The condition is to obtain permission and a license from him beforehand
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It is a Pharaonic policy
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As Pharaoh said to the magicians when they believed in the Lord of Moses, peace be upon him
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You believed in him before I gave you permission
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Indeed, it is your elder who taught you magicians, so you will learn