Part of Concepts of Ahl as-Sunnah (series completed)
· Lesson 191 of 1251
Summary of Sunni concepts | Concept (189) | The levels of destiny are four
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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The essence of the concepts of Ahl al-Sunnah.
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The levels of divine decree are four.
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The realization of faith in divine decree is by believing in its four levels.
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Knowledge, writing, will, and creation.
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The first level is knowledge.
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And what is meant by this is the belief that Allah Almighty knows everything before it occurs, in general and in detail.
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Whether it pertains to His own actions, Glorified is He, such as creation, provision, causing life, and causing death, and so forth.
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Or what pertains to the actions of His creation.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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"And Allah is ever, of all things, Knowing."
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So His statement "of all things" encompasses all that is known.
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And Allah the Almighty says:
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“Allah it is who hath created seven heavens, and of the earth the like thereof. The commandment cometh down among them slowly, that ye may know that Allah is Able to do all things, and that Allah surroundeth all things in knowledge.” (65:12)
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And this knowledge from Allah Almighty is not preceded by ignorance, nor is it followed by forgetfulness.
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As Allah the Almighty says:
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“He said: What then is the state of the generations of old?” (20:51)
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“He said: The knowledge thereof is with my Lord in a Record. My Lord neither erreth nor forgetteth,” (20:52)
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“He said: The knowledge thereof is with my Lord in a Record. My Lord neither erreth nor forgetteth,” (20:52)
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So His statement "He does not err" means He does not err in knowledge.
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And His statement "He does not forget" means He does not forget what was known beforehand.
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This is in contrast to the created being, whose knowledge is preceded by ignorance, just as forgetfulness can affect him.
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The second level is writing.
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And what is meant by this is:
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The belief that Allah Almighty has written the destinies of all creation.
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Fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth.
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And Allah the Almighty has said:
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“Naught of disaster befalleth in the earth or in yourselves but it is in a Book before we bring it into being - Lo! that is easy for Allah -” (57:22)
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"And that is, to Allah, easy."
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And Allah the Almighty says:
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“Hast thou not known that Allah knoweth all that is in the heaven and the earth? Lo! it is in a record. Lo! that is easy for Allah.” (22:70)
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“Hast thou not known that Allah knoweth all that is in the heaven and the earth? Lo! it is in a record. Lo! that is easy for Allah.” (22:70)
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"And that is, to Allah, easy."
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The third level is will.
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And what is meant by this is the belief that all that has happened and all that will happen.
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Is only by the will of Allah the Almighty.
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As Muslims say:
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"What Allah wills, occurs."
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And what He does not will, does not occur.
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And this applies equally to what occurs from the actions of Allah the Almighty.
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Or from the actions of the created being.
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As Allah the Almighty says:
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“Of those messengers, some of whom We have caused to excel others, and of whom there are some unto whom Allah spake, while some of them He exalted (above others) in degree; and We gave Jesus, son of Mary, clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty) and We supported him with the holy Spirit. And if Allah had so wiled it, those who followed after them would not have fought one with another after the clear proofs had come unto them. But they differed, some of them believing and some disbelieving. And if Allah had so willed it, they would not have fought one with another; but Allah doeth what He will.” (2:253)
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So the fighting is the act of the servant.
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And Allah the Almighty made it happen by His will.
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And Allah the Almighty says:
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“Thus have We appointed unto every prophet an adversary - devils of humankind and jinn who inspire in one another plausible discourse through guile. If thy Lord willed, they would not do so; so leave them alone with their devising;” (6:112)
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"So leave them to what they invent."
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The fourth level:
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Creation.
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And what is meant by this is:
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The belief that Allah Almighty is the One who created what He knew, wrote, and willed.
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So He is the Creator of all things.
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And the verses concerning this are numerous.
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Among them is His statement:
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"Allah is the Creator of all things."
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"And He is, over all things, Disposer of affairs."
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And His statement, Glorified is He:
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“Lo! We have created every thing by measure.” (54:49)
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And this also includes the actions of the servants.
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For their actions are created by Allah the Almighty.
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As Allah the Almighty says:
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“When Allah hath created you and what ye make?” (37:96)
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The essence of the concepts of Ahl al-Sunnah.