Part of Concepts of Ahl as-Sunnah (series completed)
· Lesson 1076 of 1251
Summary of Sunni concepts | Concept (1074) | Who has the right to practice legitimate politics and their description
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.
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Those who have the right to exercise legitimate political authority and their qualifications.
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Those who have the right to exercise legitimate political authority are the leaders (wulat al-amr).
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Those whom the subjects are obligated to obey in matters of righteousness, but not in matters of disobedience to Allah.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the messenger and those of you who are in authority; and if ye have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and the messenger if ye are (in truth) believers in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and more seemly in the end.” (4:59)
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“O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the messenger and those of you who are in authority; and if ye have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and the messenger if ye are (in truth) believers in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and more seemly in the end.” (4:59)
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That is the best and most excellent in interpretation.
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And He, the Almighty, says:
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“And if any tidings, whether of safety or fear, come unto them, they noise it abroad, whereas if they had referred it to the messenger and to such of them as are in authority, those among them who are able to think out the matter would have known it. If it had not been for the grace of Allah upon you and His mercy ye would have followed Satan, save a few (of you).” (4:83)
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“And if any tidings, whether of safety or fear, come unto them, they noise it abroad, whereas if they had referred it to the messenger and to such of them as are in authority, those among them who are able to think out the matter would have known it. If it had not been for the grace of Allah upon you and His mercy ye would have followed Satan, save a few (of you).” (4:83)
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The intended meaning of "those in authority" in these two verses refers to both the scholars and the rulers.
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This also includes those who represent them, such as judges, regional governors, consultative councils, or religious bodies.
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Indeed, it includes everyone who possesses legitimate authority over the people.
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Based on this, it is a form of deception to apply the meaning of "those in authority" to contemporary tyrants.
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Those who rule by other than the law of Allah and take the enemies of Allah as allies.
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Just as the legitimate rulers have the right to be obeyed by their subjects in matters of righteousness,
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They have a corresponding duty to obey Allah and His Messenger in what they command.
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And they must govern the people according to the Sharia of Islam.
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Ibn Taymiyyah said:
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Rulers and scholars have positions in which they must be obeyed.
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Yet, they themselves are also obligated to obey Allah and the Messenger in what they command.
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Therefore, it is incumbent upon every leader and subject, every superior and subordinate,
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That each of them obeys Allah and His Messenger in their respective capacities,
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And adheres to the Sharia of Allah which He has ordained for them.